KR102622964B1 - System for reducing greenhouse gas emission combined with system for generating inert gas in vessel and vessel having the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention cools and cleans the exhaust gas by spraying seawater to remove _SO Gas generation systems (100, 200), and an absorbent liquid manufacturing unit (310) that receives ammonia gas to manufacture and supply a high-concentration CO ₂ absorbent liquid, and is discharged through an absorption tower pipe (B) branched from the inert gas generation system (100). An absorption tower 320 formed with a CO ₂ removal unit 321 that removes CO ₂ by reacting exhaust gas with the absorption liquid from the absorption liquid production unit 310 to convert CO ₂ into an aqueous ammonium salt solution. An absorbent liquid regeneration unit 330 that reacts the aqueous ammonium salt discharged from the ammonium salt solution with divalent metal hydroxide to regenerate the absorbent liquid and NH ₃ and circulates it to the absorption tower 320 to reuse it as the absorbent liquid, and is discharged from the bottom of the absorption tower 320. A greenhouse gas emission reduction system that includes an absorbent liquid circulation unit 340 that circulates the ammonium salt aqueous solution or a portion of the unreacted absorbent liquid to the top of the absorption tower 320 through the absorbent liquid circulation line (A), thereby reducing CO ₂ from exhaust gas. Disclosed is a greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with an inert gas generation system for ships, including (300), which generates exhaust gas as an inert gas injected into a fuel cargo tank and reduces CO ₂ from the exhaust gas during operation.

Description

Greenhouse gas emission reduction system combining inert gas generation system for ships and ships equipped with the same

The present invention relates to a greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with an inert gas generation system for ships, which generates exhaust gas as an inert gas injected into a fuel cargo tank and can reduce CO ₂ from the exhaust gas during operation, and a ship equipped with the same. .

Carbon dioxide emissions are regulated through IMO's EEDI, and the goal is to reduce more than 50% of 2008 emissions by 2050, and 40% of 2008 emissions must be reduced in 2030, so no CO ₂ emissions or no emissions. Technology for capturing CO ₂ is attracting attention.

For example, CCS (Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage) technology, which directly captures and stores carbon dioxide, can be approached in various ways depending on the CO ₂ generation conditions of the target process. Representative technologies include absorption, adsorption, and membrane separation. Among these, the wet absorption method has a high technological maturity in land plants and is easy to process large quantities of CO ₂ , so it can be said to be the capture technology closest to commercialization of CCS technology, and amines and ammonia are mainly used as absorbents.

Meanwhile, in the case of LNG carriers, the GCU (Gas Combustion unit) and IGG (Inert Gas Generator) are integrated into the structure, and the GCU/IGG is equipped to burn boil-off gas (BOG; Boil Off Gas) generated in the LNG cargo tank. This generates an inert gas, and the inert gas is used for purging pipes or inspecting cargo tanks. For example, all LNG is removed from the LNG cargo tank, filled with inert gas, and then replaced with air, allowing workers to enter the cargo tank to inspect it.

In addition, in the case of crude oil carriers including a VLCC (Very Large Crude-Oil Carrier), they are equipped with an IGS (Inert Gas System) to generate inert gas using the exhaust gas from the auxiliary boiler as a raw material, which is continuously generated in the crude oil cargo tank. Inject to reduce the possibility of explosion of VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds).

Accordingly, by combining greenhouse gas reduction technology with LNG carrier GCU/IGG or crude oil carrier IGS, exhaust gas is generated as inert gas injected into the fuel cargo tank, and CO ₂ is reduced from exhaust gas during operation. It is required.

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2031210 (Exhaust gas reduction device and pollutant removal method for ships, October 11, 2019) Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1201426 (Greenhouse gas reduction device for ships, 2012.11.14.)

The technical problem to be achieved by the idea of the present invention is to create a greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with an inert gas generation system for ships, which generates exhaust gas as an inert gas injected into a fuel cargo tank and reduces CO ₂ from the exhaust gas during operation. and providing ships equipped with the same.

In order to achieve the above-described object, an embodiment of the present invention cools and cleans the exhaust gas by spraying _seawater to remove SO An inert gas generation system that supplies to the fuel cargo tank; and an absorbent liquid manufacturing unit that receives ammonia gas to produce and supply a high-concentration CO ₂ absorbent liquid, and reacts the absorbent liquid from the absorbent liquid manufacturing unit with the exhaust gas discharged through the absorption tower piping branched from the inert gas production system to produce CO ₂ An absorption tower equipped with a CO ₂ removal unit that removes CO ₂ by converting it into an aqueous ammonium salt solution, and reacting the aqueous ammonium salt solution discharged from the absorption tower with a divalent metal hydroxide to regenerate the absorption liquid and NH _{3 and} supply it to the absorption tower in circulation. It includes an absorbent liquid regeneration unit that reuses the absorbent liquid as an absorbent liquid, and an absorbent liquid circulation unit that circulates the ammonium salt aqueous solution or part of the unreacted absorbent liquid discharged from the bottom of the absorption tower to the top of the absorption tower through the absorbent liquid circulation line, thereby collecting CO ₂ from the exhaust gas. Provides a greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with an inert gas generation system for ships, including a greenhouse gas emission reduction system that reduces greenhouse gas emissions.

Here, the fuel cargo tank may be a crude oil cargo tank for a crude oil carrier.

In addition, the inert gas generation system includes a seawater supply pipe that supplies seawater, a scrubber that cools the exhaust gas by contacting seawater from the seawater supply pipe and removes soot and _SO An oxygen measuring unit that measures the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas, a blower formed at the rear of the oxygen measuring unit to pressurize the exhaust gas, and a cooling unit formed at the rear of the blower to exchange heat between the coolant and the exhaust gas to generate inert gas. It may include an overboard discharge valve that discharges the washing water from the scrubber overboard and a bottom wastewater tank that stores it on board.

In addition, the exhaust gas supplied to the scrubber may be exhaust gas generated during combustion of an auxiliary boiler that generates steam for driving a COPT (Cargo Oil Pump Turbine), or may be exhaust gas obtained by burning VOCs from the crude oil cargo tank. there is.

Additionally, seawater can be supplied to the seawater supply pipe through the main seawater pump, seawater cooling pump, or ballast water pump.

In addition, it may further include a first spray that is installed at the exhaust gas inlet of the scrubber to primarily cool the exhaust gas by spraying seawater, and a second spray that secondarily cools the exhaust gas by spraying seawater.

Meanwhile, the fuel cargo tank may be an LNG cargo tank for an LNG carrier.

In addition, the inert gas generation system includes a burner that burns boil-off gas from the LNG cargo tank, exhaust gas from the main engine, or fuel from the fuel supply device, and a seawater supply that supplies seawater to cool and clean the exhaust gas. A pipe, a scrubber that cools the exhaust gas burned by the burner by contacting it with seawater from the seawater supply pipe and removes soot and _SO A measuring unit, a blower formed at the rear of the oxygen measuring unit to pressurize the exhaust gas, and a cooling unit formed at the rear of the blower to cool the coolant and the exhaust gas by heat exchange and first remove moisture to generate an inert gas. , It may include a drying part formed at the rear end of the cooling part to secondaryly remove moisture from the exhaust gas, an overboard discharge valve for discharging the washing water from the scrubber overboard, and a bottom waste water tank for storing it onboard.

Additionally, the drying unit may include an adsorption-type moisture remover and a humidity sensor that measures the humidity of the inert gas that has passed through the adsorption-type moisture remover.

In addition, it may further include a gas valve unit including a pressure control valve for controlling the supply amount of the boil-off gas, a blocking valve for regulating the supply of the boil-off gas, and an extraction fan for extracting the boil-off gas from the LNG cargo tank. You can.

Additionally, in CCS mode, it may further include a main engine valve that opens to supply exhaust gas from the main engine to the burner.

Additionally, in IGG mode, it may further include a combustion air valve that opens to supply combustion air to the burner.

Additionally, the cooling unit may include a refrigerant generator that converts cooling water into a refrigerant, a heat exchanger that cools exhaust gas by exchanging heat with the refrigerant, and a refrigerant circulation line that circulates the refrigerant between the refrigerant generator and the heat exchanger.

Additionally, exhaust gas cooled by the cooling unit or exhaust gas dried by the drying unit may be supplied to the absorption tower pipe.

In addition, the absorbent liquid circulation unit includes a circulation tank that receives and stores the ammonium salt aqueous solution discharged from the absorption tower, the CO ₂ absorbent liquid supplied from the absorbent liquid production unit, and the ammonia water regenerated from the absorbent liquid regeneration unit, and the ammonia water from the circulation tank. It may include a circulation pump that circulates the absorbent liquid through the circulation line or supplies an ammonium salt aqueous solution to the absorbent liquid regeneration unit, and a pH sensor that measures the concentration of the absorbent liquid supplied to the top of the absorption tower.

In addition, the circulation tank and the circulation pump each consist of a pair, and when the CO ₂ absorption concentration of the CO ₂ absorption liquid of the first circulation tank reaches a certain level, the second circulation tank and the first circulation tank with relatively low CO ₂ absorption concentration The process of operating the second circulation pump to circulate the absorbent liquid through the circulation line and supplying the CO ₂ absorbent liquid from the first circulation tank, which has a relatively high CO ₂ absorption concentration, to the absorbent liquid regeneration unit can be repeated.

In addition, the absorption liquid regeneration unit includes a storage tank for storing divalent metal hydroxide, and a mixing tank for generating NH ₃ (g) and carbonate by stirring the ammonium salt aqueous solution and divalent metal hydroxide supplied from the absorption liquid circulation unit by a stirrer. It may include a filter that sucks the solution and sediment from the mixing tank to separate carbonate and supplies the regenerated absorbent liquid to the absorbent liquid circulation unit.

Here, the exhaust gas generated by the inert gas generation system may be supplied to the filter.

In addition, it may further include _{a NOx} removal unit that removes _NO

At this time, an EGE that heat exchanges the waste heat of the exhaust gas that has passed through the NOx removal unit and boiler water, and an auxiliary boiler that receives a mixture of heat-exchanged steam and saturated water, separates the steam, and supplies it to a steam consumer, and from the auxiliary boiler A boiler water circulating water pump that circulates and supplies boiler water to the EGE, a cascade tank that recovers condensed water from the steam consumer, and a supply pump that adjusts the amount of boiler water and supplies it from the cascade tank to the auxiliary boiler. And it may further include a steam generator including a control valve.

Meanwhile, another embodiment of the present invention provides a ship equipped with a greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with the inert gas generation system for ships listed above.

At this time, the vessel may be a crude oil carrier or an LNG carrier.

According to the present invention, environmental pollution can be reduced by removing CO ₂ from the exhaust gas of ships, and BOG emission such as methane (CH ₄ ) and VOCs emission can be suppressed, and BOG, fuel or VOCs generated during combustion It can achieve zero emissions by absorbing CO ₂ , it can be configured by easily adding a CCS device to ships with existing GCU/IGG and IGS installed, and it is economical by regenerating ammonia, and CO ₂ All that is consumed in the removal device is NH ₃ loss and Ca(OH) ₂ or Mg(OH) ₂ , so it can be constructed at low cost, and CO ₂ can be stored in the form of CaCO ₃ (s) or MgCO ₃ (s). CaCO ₃ (s) or MgCO ₃ (s) can be discharged to the sea, the loss of NH ₃ is small by treating exhaust gas with a low concentration _{of SO 2} The speed of the dissolution reaction is fast, and there is no change in the concentration of ammonia water because there is no additional input of water when regenerating the absorbent liquid. This allows the capacity of the filter, etc. to be designed to be small, and only a part of the absorbent liquid is processed, so the absorbent liquid and washing water related treatment device The size can be reduced and continuous operation is possible.

Figure 1 shows a schematic configuration diagram of a greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with an inert gas generation system for ships according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figures 2 and 3 separately illustrate a first example of a greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with the marine inert gas generation system of Figure 1.
Figure 4 is an enlarged view of the scrubber of Figure 2 separated.
Figures 5 and 6 separately illustrate a second example of a greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with the marine inert gas generation system of Figure 1.
Figure 7 is an enlarged view of the scrubber of Figure 5 separated.
Figure 8 is a separate illustration of the greenhouse gas emission reduction system of the greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with the marine inert gas generation system of Figures 3 and 6.
Figure 9 is an enlarged illustration of the absorption liquid circulation part of the greenhouse gas emission reduction system of Figure 8, separated.
FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of the absorbent liquid regeneration unit of the greenhouse gas emission reduction system of FIG. 8 separated.
FIG. 11 shows the NOx removal section, EGE, and steam generation section of the greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with the marine inert gas generation system of FIG. 1 separated.

Hereinafter, with reference to the attached drawings, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail so that those skilled in the art can easily implement the present invention. The present invention may be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

Referring to Figure 1, the greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with the inert gas generation system for ships according to an embodiment of the present invention sprays seawater to cool and clean the exhaust gas to remove _SO an inert gas generation system (100,200) that cools and produces an inert gas and supplies the inert gas to the fuel cargo tanks (110,210); and an absorbent liquid manufacturing unit (310) that receives ammonia gas and produces and supplies a high-concentration CO ₂ absorbent liquid. ) and the exhaust gas discharged through the absorption tower pipe (B) branched from the inert gas generation system 100 and the absorption liquid from the absorption liquid production unit 310 to react to convert CO ₂ into an ammonium salt aqueous solution to remove CO ₂ The CO ₂ removal unit 321 is formed in the absorption tower 320, and the ammonium salt aqueous solution discharged from the absorption tower 320 is reacted with a divalent metal hydroxide to regenerate the absorption liquid and NH ₃ and circulate them to the absorption tower 320. An absorbent liquid regeneration unit 330 that supplies and reuses the absorbent liquid as an absorbent liquid, and an absorbent liquid that circulates the ammonium salt aqueous solution discharged from the bottom of the absorption tower 320 or part of the unreacted absorbent liquid to the top of the absorption tower 320 through the absorbent liquid circulation line (A). It consists of a circulation unit 340, and includes a greenhouse gas emission reduction system 300 that reduces CO ₂ from exhaust gas, generates exhaust gas as an inert gas that is injected into the fuel cargo tank, and reduces CO 2 from exhaust gas during operation. The aim is to reduce _CO2 .

First, the inert gas generation system (100, 200) cools and cleans the exhaust gas by spraying seawater to remove _SO ) is supplied.

Here, Figures 2 to 4 relate to a first example of a greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with a marine inert gas generation system applied to a crude oil carrier including a VLCC (Very Large Crude-Oil Carrier).

Specifically, with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4, the inert gas generation system 100 in the first example will be described in detail as follows.

The fuel cargo tank 110 is a crude-oil cargo tank for a crude oil carrier, and the inert gas generation system 100 supplies seawater through a scrubber (scrubber) through the main seawater pump 121 or the auxiliary seawater valve 122. A scrubber (130) that cools the exhaust gas by contacting it with seawater sprayed from the seawater supply pipe (120) and removes dust such as soot and _SO ), an oxygen measuring unit 140 formed at the rear of the scrubber 130 to measure the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas and maintain it below a certain level, and an oxygen measuring unit 140 formed at the rear of the oxygen measuring unit 140 and equipped with a centrifugal fan. A blower 150 that pressurizes a large amount of exhaust gas and supplies it to the cooling unit 160, and a blower 150 formed at the rear of the blower 150 to heat exchange the coolant and exhaust gas and inject it into the fuel cargo tank 110. A cooling unit 160 that generates inert gas at around 50°C, an overboard discharge valve 171 that discharges the washing water discharged from the bottom of the scrubber 130 overboard, and a bilge holding tank that stores it onboard. )(172).

For reference, the inert gas generation system (IGS; Inert Gas System) used on crude oil carriers loads crude oil into multiple cargo tanks and then transports it to its destination. Crude oil is a mixture of various hydrocarbon compounds and becomes volatile during transportation. Organic compounds (VOCs; Volatile Organic Compounds) are continuously generated, and VOCs produce photochemical oxidants such as ozone through a photochemical reaction with nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere, causing photochemical smog, and substances such as benzene are carcinogenic to the human body. Because they are so harmful, regulations on VOCs emissions are being strengthened. Since these VOCs become explosive when mixed with the air at the top of the cargo tank, inert gas such as N ₂ or CO ₂ from which oxygen has been removed is injected to reduce the possibility of explosion. The system that generates such inert gas is called IGS.

Meanwhile, IGS uses exhaust gas generated after burning fuel as a raw material, and crude oil carriers use COPT (Cargo Oil Pump Turbine) to raise crude oil. COPT is a large-capacity turbine that generates large amounts of steam for driving. The auxiliary boiler (431) is operated to generate exhaust gas, and the generated exhaust gas is used as a raw material for IGS.

Accordingly, the exhaust gas supplied to the scrubber 130 may be exhaust gas generated during combustion of the auxiliary boiler 431 that generates steam for COPT driving, but may also be exhaust gas obtained by burning VOCs from a crude oil cargo tank. .

In addition, seawater can be supplied to the seawater supply pipe 120 through the main seawater pump 121, a cooling sea water pump, or a ballast water pump installed in the engine room.

In addition, the first spray 132 is installed at the exhaust gas inlet of the scrubber 130 and sprays seawater to primarily cool the exhaust gas at around 400°C, and the first spray 132 is installed at the top of the scrubber 130 and sprays seawater. By including a second spray 131 that secondarily cools the exhaust gas, it is possible to cool the exhaust gas and remove dust such as soot and _SO Here, if the pressure of the exhaust gas discharged from the auxiliary boiler 431 is low, the exhaust gas may be supplied by installing a separate high-temperature fan (not shown).

In addition, if the auxiliary boiler 431 trips during combustion, some of the injected fuel may remain unburned, so a separate storage facility must be installed in a tank on board. The overboard discharge valve 171 is normally opened. While discharging the washing water overboard, if a trip of the auxiliary boiler (431) occurs and an inflow of unburned crude oil is expected, close the overboard discharge valve (171), open the valve connected to the bottom wastewater tank (172), and store. This can prevent crude oil components from being discharged overboard.

Figures 5 to 7 relate to a greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with a second example of a marine inert gas generation system applied to an LNG carrier (LNGC).

Specifically, with reference to FIGS. 5 to 7, the inert gas generation system 200 in the second example will be described in detail as follows.

Here, the inert gas generation system 200 is implemented as a combination of an IGG (Inert Gas Generator) and a GCU (Gas Cumbustion Unit) that burns NBOG (Natural BOG) (IGG/GCU or GCU/IGG), It generates an inert gas that is filled for purging or inspection of the fuel cargo tank 210.

The fuel cargo tank 210 is an LNG cargo tank for an LNG carrier, and the inert gas generation system 200 generates boil-off gas (BOG) from the LNG cargo tank and the main engine 10. A burner 220 equipped with an ignitor to burn fuel from the exhaust gas or fuel oil pump unit (C), and a flame detector to detect the flame caused by the burner 220. ) (230), a seawater supply pipe (240) that supplies seawater to cool and clean the exhaust gas burned by the burner (220), and a seawater supply pipe (240) that supplies seawater to cool and clean the exhaust gas burned by the burner (220). A scrubber 250 that cools by contact with seawater sprayed from the scrubber and removes dust such as soot and _SO A measuring unit 260, a blower 270 formed at the rear of the oxygen measuring unit 260 and equipped with a centrifugal fan to pressurize a large amount of exhaust gas and supply it to the cooling unit 280, and a rear end of the blower 270. A cooling unit 280 is formed at the rear end of the cooling unit 280 to cool the coolant and exhaust gas by heat exchange and first remove moisture to produce an inert gas that is injected into the fuel cargo tank 210. It consists of a drying unit 290 that secondarily removes moisture from the gas, an overboard discharge valve 171 that discharges the washing water discharged from the bottom of the scrubber 250 overboard, and a bottom wastewater tank 172 that stores it onboard. It can be.

In addition, the fuel supply device (C) may be composed of a fuel supply pump and a fuel supply pipe to supply the exhaust gas exhausted by burning fuel in IGG mode as inert gas, and a certain amount of fuel may be discharged into seawater due to ignition failure in IGG mode. If included, the washing water can be guided to the bilge wastewater tank (172).

In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, the drying unit 290 measures a pair of adsorption-type moisture removers 291 connected in parallel for use and regeneration, and the humidity of the inert gas passing through the adsorption-type moisture remover 291. It may be composed of a humidity sensor 292.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, a pressure control valve that controls the supply amount of boil-off gas to the burner 220, a blocking valve that regulates the supply of boil-off gas, and a double-pipe gas supply pipe connected to the burner 220. It may further include a gas valve unit 293 consisting of an extraction fan that extracts boil-off gas from the LNG cargo tank.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, in CCS (Carbon Capture and Storage) mode, a burner 220 is installed from the main engine 10 to capture and store greenhouse gases from the exhaust gas by the greenhouse gas emission reduction system 300. ) and, in the IGG mode, further include a main engine valve 294 that opens to supply combustion air to the burner 220. You can.

In addition, the blower 270 is composed of a pair to create negative pressure at the front end to smoothly supply exhaust gas to the scrubber 250 or to smoothly supply combustion air to the burner 220, and has dampers at the front and rear ends, respectively. Can be installed.

Meanwhile, referring to FIGS. 3 and 6, the cooling units 160 and 280 of the inert gas generation systems 100 and 200 of the first and second examples have in common a condenser, a compressor, and an evaporator. ) consisting of a refrigerant generator (161,281) that converts cooling water into a refrigerant, a heat exchanger (162,282) that cools the exhaust gas by exchanging heat with the refrigerant, and a refrigerant circulation that circulates the refrigerant between the refrigerant generator (161,281) and the heat exchanger (162,282) It may be composed of lines 163 and 283.

In addition, referring to FIG. 3, in the first example, the exhaust gas is branched from the front end of the cooling unit 160 by valve operation and is supplied to the absorption tower pipe (B), or the exhaust gas is cooled by the supply cooling unit 160. Exhaust gas can be supplied to the absorption tower pipe (B). Referring to FIG. 6, in the second example, by operating the valve, the exhaust gas is branched from the front of the cooling unit 280 to the absorption tower pipe (B). By allowing the exhaust gas supplied or cooled by the cooling unit 280 to be supplied to the absorption tower pipe (B), the temperature of the exhaust gas supplied to the absorption tower pipe (B) can be adjusted by additionally mixing the exhaust gas. When the absorption ellipse 320 is stopped or started, the exhaust gas dried by the dryer 290 to remove the ammonia water inside is supplied to the absorption tower piping (B) to purge the inside of the absorption tower 320. You can do it.

Next, as shown in FIG. 8, the greenhouse gas emission reduction system 300 receives ammonia gas and produces and supplies a high-concentration CO ₂ absorbent liquid from the absorbent liquid manufacturing unit 310 and the inert gas generation system 100 and 200. A CO ₂ removal unit 321 is formed to remove CO ₂ by converting CO ₂ into an ammonium salt aqueous solution by reacting the exhaust gas discharged through the branched absorption tower pipe (B) with the absorption liquid from the absorbent liquid production unit 310. An absorption tower 320 and an _absorption liquid regeneration unit ( 330) and an absorbent liquid circulation unit 340 that circulates the ammonium salt aqueous solution discharged from the bottom of the absorption tower 320 or a part of the unreacted absorbent liquid to the top of the absorption tower 320 through the absorbent liquid circulation line (A), and exhaust gas CO ₂ can be reduced, the absorption liquid can be recycled and reused, and the absorption liquid can be circulated while maintaining a constant concentration.

In order to maintain the concentration of the absorbent liquid _, the absorbent liquid manufacturing unit 310 reacts fresh water and NH ₃ as shown in the following [Chemical Formula 1] to supply high-concentration absorbent liquid to produce high-concentration ammonia water (NH ₄ OH ( aq)) is manufactured _and supplied to the CO ₂ scrubber 321 formed at the top of the absorption tower 320 through the absorption liquid circulation unit 340.

Specifically, the absorbent liquid production unit 310 sprays NH ₃ supplied from the NH ₃ reservoir 311 into the fresh water supplied from the NH ₃ reservoir ₃₁₁ , which stores high-pressure NH 3, and a fresh water tank (not shown). It may be composed of an ammonia water tank 312 that produces and stores high-concentration ammonia water, and an ammonia water supply pump 313 that supplies high-concentration ammonia water from the ammonia water tank 312 to the absorption liquid circulation unit 340.

When the concentration of ammonia water, which is an absorbent liquid that circulates through the absorption tower 320 and the absorbent liquid regeneration unit 330 along the absorbent liquid circulation line (A), decreases, the absorbent liquid preparation unit 310 supplies high-concentration ammonia water to the absorbent liquid circulation unit 340. ) can be supplied to the absorption liquid circulation line (A) to compensate for the lowered ammonia water concentration and keep it constant at the designed ammonia water concentration.

Meanwhile, in order to prevent the loss of NH ₃ (g) by evaporation into the atmosphere, compressed air at a certain pressure is injected into the ammonia water tank 312, and the pressure in the ammonia water tank 312 is maintained at a high state to prevent evaporation of NH ₃ Losses can be effectively prevented.

In the absorption tower 320, the exhaust gas supplied to the absorption tower piping (B) and the ammonia water from the absorbent liquid production unit 310 or the ammonia water circulating in the absorbent liquid circulation line (A) are reacted to produce the following [Formula 2] Likewise, a CO ₂ removal unit 321 is formed to remove CO ₂ by converting CO ₂ into a high concentration ammonium salt aqueous solution (NH ₄ HCO ₃ (aq)).

Here, the CO ₂ removal unit 321 is provided with a filler that converts CO ₂ into high concentration NH ₄ HCO ₃ (aq) by contacting CO ₂ of the exhaust gas with ammonia water, and the filler is a multi-stage designed to have a large contact area per unit volume. It consists of distillation column packing, and the distillation column packing suitable for the absorption process can be selected by considering the contact area per unit area, gas pressure drop, and flooding speed. The absorption tower pipe (B) is covered at the bottom of the filler to collect the absorbed liquid. An umbrella-shaped blocking plate may be formed to block the inflow of air.

On the other hand, even if only some CO ₂ is absorbed from the exhaust gas discharged from the main engine 10, greenhouse gas emission standards can be met in most cases, so a branch (D) from the main exhaust pipe (D) connected to the main engine 10 By injecting at least part of the exhaust gas into the absorption tower 320 according to the load change of the main engine 10 through the branched or branched absorption tower piping (B) to absorb CO ₂ , the main engine 10 The _CO2 absorption rate can be flexibly changed according to load changes.

Referring to FIG. 10, the absorbent liquid regeneration unit 330 includes a storage tank 331 for storing divalent metal hydroxide (Ca(OH) ₂ or Mg(OH) ₂ ) in an aqueous solution or powder state, and an absorbent liquid circulation unit ( A mixing tank 332 for generating NH ₃ (g) and carbonate as shown in the following [Formula 3] by stirring the ammonium salt aqueous solution and divalent metal hydroxide supplied from 340) with a stirrer, and a solution from the mixing tank 332 And a membrane-type filter 333 that sucks sediment to separate carbonate and supplies the regenerated absorbent liquid to the absorbent liquid circulation unit 340, and a high-pressure transfer pump 336 that transfers fluid at high pressure to the filter 333. Including, the absorption liquid regeneration unit 330 regenerates NH ₃ from the ammonium salt aqueous solution and returns it to the CO ₂ removal unit 321 of the absorption tower 320 through the absorption liquid circulation unit 340 to reuse it as a CO ₂ absorption liquid, CO ₂ can be converted into CaCO ₃ (s) or MgCO ₃ (s) form, transported while pulverized by a screw crusher (334), and stored in a carbonate storage tank (335) or discharged overboard.

Here, the mixing tank 332 returns NH ₃ (g) to the absorption tower 320 to dissolve it in the absorption liquid, or supplies it to the SCR, which is the NOx removal unit 410, and uses it to remove _NO You can do this.

In addition, moisture is removed by the drying unit 290 of the inert gas generation system 200 of the second example, so that low-humidity exhaust gas is supplied to the filter 333, so that carbonate and other by-products, which are separated sediments, are stored in a solid state. Alternatively, it can be supplied to the carbonate storage tank 335 to lower the internal humidity to prevent carbonate from hardening inside the carbonate storage tank 335.

Referring to FIG. 9, the absorbent liquid circulation unit 340 supplies the aqueous ammonium salt solution discharged from the absorption tower 320, the CO ₂ absorbent liquid supplied from the absorbent liquid production unit 310, and the ammonia water regenerated from the absorbent liquid regeneration unit 330. Circulation tanks (341-1, 341-2) for receiving and storing the ammonia water from the circulation tanks (341-1, 341-2) are circulated through the absorption liquid circulation line (A), or ammonium salt aqueous solution is supplied to the absorption liquid regeneration unit (330). ), and a pH sensor (343) that measures the concentration of the absorption liquid supplied to the top of the absorption tower (320), and continuously supplies the absorption liquid to the absorption tower (320). In order to maximize CO ₂ absorption by circulating the high-concentration ammonium salt aqueous solution discharged from the CO ₂ removal unit 321 of the absorption tower 320, and a portion of the unreacted absorption liquid that has not reacted with CO ₂ , the CO ₂ removal unit 321 ) of the ammonia water injection nozzle (321a), only a part of the ammonium salt aqueous solution is converted to carbonate by the absorption liquid regeneration unit 330, and the remaining unreacted absorption liquid is circulated to the absorption tower 320 to maintain the CO ₂ absorption rate. .

Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 9, the circulation tanks (341-1, 341-2) and the circulation pumps (342-1, 342-2) are connected in parallel to form a pair, and the first circulation tank (341) When the CO ₂ absorption concentration of the CO ₂ absorption liquid in -1) reaches a certain level, the second circulation tank (341-2) and the second circulation pump (342-2), which have relatively low CO ₂ absorption concentration, are operated to absorb the absorption liquid. The process of circulating through the circulation line (A) and supplying the CO ₂ absorption liquid from the first circulation tank (341-1), which has a relatively high CO ₂ absorption concentration, to the absorption liquid regeneration unit 330 may be repeated.

Here, when the concentration of HCO ₃ ^- in the absorption liquid is high, CO ₂ absorption is reduced and CO ₂ emissions increase, and when the concentration of HCO ₃ ^- is low, carbonate production increases more than necessary due to excessive CO ₂ absorption, so the pH By continuously monitoring the concentration of the absorbent liquid through the sensor 343, the concentration of HCO ₃ ^- or the concentration of OH ^- , that is, pH, of the absorbent liquid can be maintained at an appropriate level.

Through this, part of the ammonium salt aqueous solution flowing in the absorbent liquid circulation line (A) is transferred to the mixing tank 332 of the absorbent liquid regeneration unit 330, converted to carbonate, and only part of the CO ₂ is removed and regenerated by the filter 333. The CO ₂ absorption rate can be maintained by supplying the ammonia water to the absorption liquid circulation line (A) to supply absorption liquid with a high concentration of OH ^- and a low concentration of HCO ₃ ^- .

Accordingly, only a part of the absorbent liquid used when collecting CO ₂ is taken and the absorbed CO ₂ is removed and processed to keep the device size of the absorbent liquid regeneration unit 330 and the absorbent liquid circulation unit 340 small and continuous operation possible, and the main engine It is possible to flexibly respond to the _CO2 absorption rate according to load changes in (10).

In addition, referring to FIG _. 11, _NO A _NOx removal unit 410 that removes NO An auxiliary boiler (431) that receives a mixture of steam and saturated water, separates the steam, and supplies it to the steam consumer, and a boiler water circulating water pump (431) that circulates and supplies boiler water from the auxiliary boiler (431) to the EGE (420) 432), a cascade tank 433 that recovers condensed water from the steam consumer, a supply pump 434 that controls and supplies the amount of boiler water from the cascade tank 433 to the auxiliary boiler 431, and a control It may further include a steam generator 430 including a valve 435.

Meanwhile, another embodiment of the present invention provides a ship equipped with a greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with the inert gas generation system for ships listed above.

Therefore, by configuring the greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with the inert gas generation system for ships as described above, environmental pollution can be reduced by removing CO ₂ from the exhaust gas of ships, BOG emissions such as methane (CH ₄ ), and VOCs emissions can be suppressed, and zero emissions can be achieved by absorbing BOG or CO ₂ generated when burning fuel or VOCs, and CCS devices can be easily added to ships with existing GCU/IGG and IGS installed. It can be constructed by regenerating and using ammonia, so it is economical, and the only thing consumed in the device for CO ₂ removal is NH ₃ loss and Ca(OH) ₂ or Mg(OH) ₂ , so it can be constructed at low cost, and CaCO CO ₂ can be stored in the form of ₃ (s) or MgCO ₃ (s) or discharged into the sea as CaCO ₃ (s) or MgCO ₃ (s), and exhaust gas with a low concentration _{of SO} The loss is low, the speed of _CO2 dissolution reaction is fast by treating exhaust gas with a low concentration of _SO Since only a portion of the absorbent liquid is processed, the size of the treatment equipment related to the absorbent liquid and washing water can be reduced, and continuous operation is possible.

The embodiments described in this specification and the configurations shown in the drawings are only one of the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent the entire technical idea of the present invention, so various equivalents may be substituted for them at the time of filing the present application. It should be understood that variations and variations may exist.

100: Inert gas generation system 110: Fuel cargo tank
120: Seawater supply pipe 130: Scrubber
140: Oxygen measuring unit 150: Blower
160: Cooling unit 200: Inert gas generation system
210: fuel cargo tank 220: burner
230: Flame detector 240: Seawater supply piping
250: scrubber 260: oxygen measuring unit
270: blower 280: cooling unit
290: Drying unit 300: Greenhouse gas emission reduction system
310: Absorbent liquid manufacturing unit 320: Absorption tower
330: absorbent liquid regeneration unit 340: absorbent liquid circulation unit
410: NOx removal unit 420: EGE
430: Steam generating unit
A: Absorption liquid circulation line B: Absorption tower piping
C: Fuel supply device D: Main exhaust pipe

Claims (25)

An inert gas generation system that cools and cleans the exhaust gas by spraying seawater to remove _SO and
An absorbent liquid manufacturing unit that receives ammonia gas and produces and supplies high-concentration CO ₂ absorbent liquid, and the exhaust gas discharged through the absorption tower piping branched from the inert gas production system reacts with the absorbent liquid from the absorbent liquid manufacturing unit to produce CO ₂ An absorption tower is formed with a CO ₂ removal unit that removes CO 2 by converting it into an aqueous ammonium salt solution, and _the aqueous ammonium salt solution discharged from the absorption tower is reacted with a divalent metal hydroxide to regenerate the absorption liquid and NH ₃ and supply it to the absorption tower in circulation. It includes an absorbent liquid regeneration unit that reuses the absorbent liquid as an absorbent liquid, and an absorbent liquid circulation unit that circulates the ammonium salt aqueous solution discharged from the bottom of the absorption tower or a part of the unreacted absorbent liquid to the top of the absorption tower through the absorbent liquid circulation line, thereby reducing CO ₂ from exhaust gas. Including, a greenhouse gas emission reduction system,
The absorbent liquid circulation unit includes a circulation tank for receiving and storing the ammonium salt aqueous solution discharged from the absorption tower, the CO ₂ absorbent liquid supplied from the absorbent liquid production unit, and the ammonia water regenerated from the absorbent liquid regeneration unit, and the ammonia water from the circulation tank. It includes a circulation pump that circulates the absorbent liquid through a circulation line or supplies an aqueous ammonium salt solution to the absorbent liquid regeneration unit, and a pH sensor that measures the concentration of the absorbent liquid supplied to the top of the absorption tower,
The circulation tank and the circulation pump each consist of a pair,
When the CO ₂ absorption concentration of the CO ₂ absorption liquid in the first circulation tank reaches a certain level, the second circulation tank and the second circulation pump, which have relatively low CO ₂ absorption concentration, are operated to circulate the absorption liquid through the circulation line, and CO 2 is circulated through the circulation line. ₂ Characterized in repeating the process of supplying the CO ₂ absorbent liquid from the first circulation tank, which has a relatively high absorption concentration, to the absorbent liquid regeneration unit,
A greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with an inert gas generation system for ships. According to claim 1,
The fuel cargo tank is characterized in that it is a crude oil cargo tank for a crude oil carrier,
A greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with an inert gas generation system for ships. According to claim 2,
The inert gas generation system includes a seawater supply pipe that supplies seawater, a scrubber that cools the exhaust gas by contacting it with seawater from the seawater supply pipe and removes soot and _SO An oxygen measuring unit that measures the oxygen concentration, a blower formed at the rear of the oxygen measuring unit to pressurize the exhaust gas, and a cooling unit formed at the rear of the blower to exchange heat between the coolant and the exhaust gas to generate an inert gas, Characterized in that it includes an overboard discharge valve for discharging the washing water from the scrubber overboard and a bottom wastewater tank for storing it onboard.
A greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with an inert gas generation system for ships. According to claim 3,
The exhaust gas supplied to the scrubber is exhaust gas generated during combustion of an auxiliary boiler that generates steam for driving a COPT (Cargo Oil Pump Turbine), or exhaust gas obtained by burning VOCs from the crude oil cargo tank. doing,
A greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with an inert gas generation system for ships. According to claim 3,
Characterized in supplying seawater to the seawater supply pipe through a main seawater pump, a seawater cooling pump, or a ballast water pump,
A greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with an inert gas generation system for ships. According to claim 3,
A first spray installed at the exhaust gas inlet of the scrubber to primarily cool the exhaust gas by spraying seawater, and a second spray that secondarily cools the exhaust gas by spraying seawater,
A greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with an inert gas generation system for ships. According to claim 1,
The fuel cargo tank is characterized in that it is an LNG cargo tank for an LNG carrier,
A greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with an inert gas generation system for ships. According to claim 7,
The inert gas generation system includes a burner that burns boil-off gas from the LNG cargo tank, exhaust gas from the main engine, or fuel from the fuel supply device, and a seawater supply pipe that supplies seawater to cool and clean the exhaust gas. , a scrubber that cools the exhaust gas burned by the burner by contacting it with seawater from the seawater supply pipe and removes soot and _SO a blower formed at the rear of the oxygen measuring unit to pressurize exhaust gas; a cooling unit formed at the rear of the blower to exchange heat with the coolant and cool the exhaust gas; and to first remove moisture to produce an inert gas; Characterized by comprising a drying unit formed at the rear end of the cooling unit to secondaryly remove moisture from the exhaust gas, an overboard discharge valve for discharging the washing water from the scrubber overboard, and a bottom wastewater tank for storing it onboard.
A greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with an inert gas generation system for ships. According to claim 8,
The drying unit is characterized in that it includes an adsorption-type moisture remover and a humidity sensor that measures the humidity of the inert gas that has passed through the adsorption-type moisture remover.
A greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with an inert gas generation system for ships. According to claim 8,
It further includes a gas valve unit including a pressure control valve for controlling the supply amount of the boil-off gas, a blocking valve for controlling the supply of the boil-off gas, and an extraction fan for extracting the boil-off gas from the LNG cargo tank. to,
A greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with an inert gas generation system for ships. According to claim 8,
In CCS (Carbon dioxide Capture and Storage) mode, characterized in that it further comprises a main engine valve that opens to supply exhaust gas from the main engine to the burner.
A greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with an inert gas generation system for ships. According to claim 8,
In IGG (Inert Gas Generator) mode, it further comprises a combustion air valve that opens to supply combustion air to the burner,
A greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with an inert gas generation system for ships. According to claim 3,
The cooling unit,
Characterized by comprising a refrigerant generator that converts cooling water into a refrigerant, a heat exchanger that cools exhaust gas by exchanging heat with the refrigerant, and a refrigerant circulation line that circulates the refrigerant between the refrigerant generator and the heat exchanger.
A greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with an inert gas generation system for ships. According to claim 8,
The cooling unit,
Characterized by comprising a refrigerant generator that converts cooling water into a refrigerant, a heat exchanger that cools exhaust gas by exchanging heat with the refrigerant, and a refrigerant circulation line that circulates the refrigerant between the refrigerant generator and the heat exchanger.
A greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with an inert gas generation system for ships. According to claim 3,
Characterized in that the exhaust gas cooled by the cooling unit is supplied to the absorption tower pipe,
A greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with an inert gas generation system for ships. According to claim 8,
Characterized in that the exhaust gas cooled by the cooling unit or the exhaust gas dried by the drying unit is supplied to the absorption tower pipe,
A greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with an inert gas generation system for ships. delete delete According to claim 1,
The absorption liquid regeneration unit includes a storage tank for storing divalent metal hydroxide, a mixing tank for generating NH ₃ (g) and carbonate by stirring the ammonium salt aqueous solution and divalent metal hydroxide supplied from the absorption liquid circulation unit by a stirrer, Characterized in that it includes a filter that sucks the solution and sediment from the mixing tank, separates carbonate, and supplies the regenerated absorbent liquid to the absorbent liquid circulation unit.
A greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with an inert gas generation system for ships. According to claim 19,
Characterized in that the exhaust gas generated by the inert gas generation system is supplied to the filter,
A greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with an inert gas generation system for ships. According to claim 1,
Characterized in that it further comprises _{a NOx} removal unit that removes _NO
A greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with an inert gas generation system for ships. According to claim 21,
EGE, which heat exchanges the waste heat of the exhaust gas passing through the NOx removal unit and boiler water, and
An auxiliary boiler that receives a mixture of heat-exchanged steam and saturated water, separates the steam, and supplies it to the steam consumer, a boiler water circulating water pump that circulates and supplies boiler water from the auxiliary boiler to the EGE, and a boiler water circulation water pump that supplies boiler water from the steam consumer to the EGE Characterized in that it further comprises a steam generator including a cascade tank for recovering condensed condensate, a supply pump and a control valve for controlling and supplying the amount of boiler water from the cascade tank to the auxiliary boiler,
A greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with an inert gas generation system for ships. A ship equipped with a greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with the marine inert gas generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 16 and 19 to 22. A crude oil carrier equipped with a greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with a marine inert gas generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 6. An LNG carrier equipped with a greenhouse gas emission reduction system combined with a marine inert gas generation system according to any one of claims 1 and 7 to 12.