KR102568734B1 - Rock bolt assembly that can be customized according to the fixing force adjustment and ground characteristics - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a lock bolt assembly allowing customized assembly according to anchoring force adjustment and ground characteristics, which can improve the construction quality of a lock bolt for ground reinforcement. The lock bolt assembly includes: an anchoring field section (F1) formed as a lock bolt front end fixation part (1) inserted into a lock bolt hole (R) to be fixated; a free field section (F2) transferring frictional force resulting from fixation of the lock bolt front end fixation part formed on a lock bolt with male screw threads formed on the outer circumference thereof by coupling the front end of the lock bolt front end fixation part to be inserted into the lock bolt hole; a fixing part (3) allowing the rear end of the lock bolt to be coupled thereto, and corresponding to the surface of the ground of the lock bolt hole (R) to fix the rear end thereof on the ground surface by applying a tensile force to be maintained in a state in which the tensile force is applied; and a grouting inlet (4) formed on the lock bolt front end fixation part side through the fixing part to inject grouting into the lock bolt hole (R). The lock bolt front end fixation part (1) has at least one unit fixation part (100) coupled to allow customized assembly according to ground characteristics in accordance with direction and anchoring force adjustment in accordance with the number, size, intervals, and arrangement of fixation parts (110) fixated on the ground side of the inner circumference of the lock bolt hole (R) on the center axis up to the point at which the anchoring field section (F1) and the free field section (F2) meet, and coupled to the front end of the lock bolt positioned on the bottom side of the inside of the lock bolt hole (R) in the anchoring field section (F1).

Description

Rock bolt assembly that can be customized according to the fixing force adjustment and ground characteristics}

The present invention relates to a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting anchoring force and custom-assembling according to ground characteristics, and more particularly, a plurality of unit anchoring pieces constituting a rock bolt tip anchorage in a rock bolt hole drilled in a slope or cut surface. Combined, the rock bolt assembly is formed at the tip of the rock bolt to control the anchoring force and act as a spacer to support the rock bolt at the same time. Depending on the ground characteristics, the direction and arrangement of the anchoring force, and the number and size of the unit anchorage can be selected. The present invention relates to a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting the anchoring force, which can be used for multiple purposes, and custom-made assembly according to the characteristics of the ground.

In general, anchors, soil nails, rock bolts, and steel pipes are used to prevent collapsing of incised surfaces and slope stabilization, to prevent injury from groundwater in large underground structures such as buildings or dams, and to excavate walls during underground civil engineering works of large buildings. It is used to prevent collapse, etc., and is installed to prevent movement or distortion of structures during the construction of buildings or large steel towers in earthquake-prone areas.

In the construction methods for ground reinforcement such as anchors, soil nails, rock bolts, and steel pipes, the general rock bolt construction method drills a rock bolt hole (also called an anchor hole) using a driller in the ground that is likely to collapse, and the rock bolt hole A grout hose, rock bolt, and lower body (assembly for fixing the rock bolt to the lower part of the rock bolt hole drilled in the ground) are provided as a unit, inserted into the unit, and then fixed through the grout hose. Grout is injected, and when the injected grout is cured together with the inner body, a fixture is fastened to the other end of the rock bolt, and then the rock bolt assembled with the inner body in the rock bolt hole is tensioned using hydraulic equipment. , is to stabilize the target structure.

Such a general rock bolt construction method supports the tensile force from the surface by the grouting and the frictional force between the ground. In this rock bolt construction method, the components of the lower body assembled with the rock bolt are the anchorage section that exerts the required frictional force, the free field section that transmits the frictional force exerted in this anchorage section, and the fixture that allows the required frictional force to act on the structure. Separated. Among these components, the anchorage section is determined by the frictional resistance of the ground and the cement grout, the cement grout and the lower body and the assembled rock bolts. The free length section used in the rock bolt construction method may be formed of, for example, a rock bolt having threads formed mainly on the outer periphery.

However, the rock bolt method according to the prior art has the following problems. The rock bolt construction method according to the prior art is to impart support stiffness (fixation force) against pulling out by the frictional force between the grout and the ground. Depending on the state of the ground, a number of joints are formed around the rock bolt hole into which the rock bolt is inserted. exist. Therefore, since the grout is filled by the injection pressure, when it is injected into the rock bolt hole, it leaks from the rock bolt hole through the joint, and the filling rate inside the rock bolt hole is lowered, so that the ground is not substantially reinforced. At this time, even if the joints are formed only in a portion, since the entire area inside the rock bolt hole is one space, voids are generated inside the grout filled in the entire area of the rock bolt hole, so that reinforcement is not performed.

Here, since there is no way to measure the strength inside the rock bolt hole, construction proceeds without recognizing the state in which a void exists, and eventually a large-scale accident due to ground collapse may occur.

Also, although the outer circumference of the rock bolt is said to be formed with a screw thread, since the depth of the entire screw thread is not formed as high as the unevenness, there is no big difference from the flat surface when simply looking at the arrangement of the screw thread, so there is a gap between the grout and the rock bolt. Since the breakaway phenomenon occurs, the rock bolt is pulled out of the rock bolt hole when the rock bolt is tensioned, and as a result, the ground collapses because the construction for ground reinforcement is not performed correctly.

In addition, the length of the anchorage section was lengthened because there was a problem in that it was structurally unstable due to a intensive load at the anchorage part at the tip of the rock bolt. However, if the settlement section is long, there are problems such as unit cost and difficulty in construction. In order to solve this problem, a technique has been proposed in which a wedge is driven into the ground to provide a holding force for the rock bolt. Here, the wedge is usually referred to as a wedge that extends around the axis of the rock bolt ball, and is implemented through the configuration of the anchorage section for the expansion of the anchorage wing.

In this conventional wedge-type rock bolt method, since the rock bolt that expands and fixes the anchoring wing has only one inclined portion and the wedge (hereinafter referred to as anchoring wing) operates, the anchoring wing does not expand as a whole when the rock bolt is tensioned. It unfolds in such a way that the rear rotates. Therefore, since only the rear end of the anchoring wing is driven into the ground, the holding force is very weak, and although it is said that grouting is not performed, in practice grouting is required. There is also a problem that the rock bolt deviates from the rock bolt ball because it cannot provide force.

However, despite the problems of the conventional rock bolt method according to the expansion of the anchoring wing, it is already widely used, and a technology that can replace it has not yet been disclosed, and the expansion of the anchoring wing according to the characteristics of the ground. A number of technologies are being developed.

Here, the direction of the expansion of the anchoring wing changes according to the characteristics of the ground. In the case of relatively hard ground or general ground, such as normal soft rock, the expansion direction of the anchoring wing is expanded so that it is widened while looking at the inner circumference of the rock bolt hole, so that a part of the anchoring wing penetrates into the ground and the inner periphery of the rock bolt ball The contact area on the surface is increased to obtain holding force during tension, and in the case of soft ground such as soil, the expansion direction of the anchorage wings extends around the inner periphery while looking at the ground side of the rock bolt ball. continues to infiltrate into the ground to gain holding power.

However, as the anchoring wing of the rock bolt assembly, which is constructed according to the characteristics of the ground, must be individually assembled and configured at the production plant, each anchorage part along the expansion direction can be constructed directly on the site considering the ground characteristics of the site. There is a problem with the increase in total air because a separate process is required before construction as the characteristics of the ground must be measured in advance before construction and a suitable tip anchorage must be selected and constructed.

In addition, in the field construction process, since the entire ground where the rock bolt hole is drilled does not have the same ground composition, it is impossible to construct an anchor suitable for the ground characteristics without the above process, and the problems of the anchor described above are raised intact.

Furthermore, there is a problem in that manufacturing costs are increased in separately manufacturing tip anchoring units having extension directions of anchoring blades suitable for ground characteristics, resulting in an increase in construction costs.

As described above, since the fixing force of the conventional rock bolt assembly has a direct effect on the collapse of the slope or cut surface, the construction quality must be excellent, and for this purpose, securing the fixing force is most important. However, as mentioned above, most of the prior art simply considers only the part where the anchoring force can be secured, and it is difficult to accurately design and reflect the anchoring force suitable for site conditions such as the characteristics of the ground or the working environment. there is a problem.

Therefore, a technology capable of adjusting the fixing force is required, and in relation to this, Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2013-0127660, published on November 25, 2013, discloses a "fixture support capable of adjusting the length." has been disclosed.

As shown in the patent claims, the prior patent for the length-adjustable fixation support consists of a front end block, a middle block, a rear end block, and an anchor fixation head. First, the front end block is configured to be screwed with the anchor anchorage head, and the middle block is configured to be coupled between the front end block and the rear end block to provide lateral frictional force of the ground. In addition, the rear block is formed so that the pressing force of the grout is introduced.

The assembly of the prior patent having the above configuration combines an intermediate block between the front end block and the rear block, and here, the frictional force can be adjusted according to the number of intermediate blocks, so that the fixing force can be adjusted. After that, it is configured by screwing the anchor fixing head to the tip block. Here, the tension member is configured to penetrate from the anchor fixing head to the rear end of the blocks through a through hole formed in the center of each block. Of course, when the tension member penetrates through the center and is difficult to combine, it can be coupled to the seating groove formed on the circumferential surface of the blocks.

In addition, the coupling between the blocks is coupled through the axis support bar to the fitting holes of the wings formed in the front and middle rear blocks.

However, when examining the combination of the front block, the middle block, and the rear block, the prior art patent forms a single unit by combining axis support bars for binding between the front, middle, and rear blocks even when the tension member passes through the through hole of each block. It can only be configured with That is, when combining the axis support bars to form a single unit, there is a problem that the outer diameters of the front end block, the middle block, and the rear end block must have the same outer diameter. This acts as a very important factor in controlling the fixing force.

First, even if the inner diameter of the anchor ball is formed with the same inner diameter, it is mostly formed in a narrow part inside the anchor ball or in a form widened due to sudden collapse of the soil according to the site situation or ground characteristics. Therefore, in order to substantially increase the frictional force of the middle block to secure the fixing force, it is preferable to configure the outer diameter of the middle block to be changeable even if the outer diameters of the front end block and the rear end block are left as they are. To this end, even if the outer diameter of the middle block is different, the fitting hole for connection between the front end block and the rear end block must always be located on the same line. In order to be located in the middle block, there is the inconvenience of having to separately re-manufacture it. That is, it is as if it is impossible to adjust the fixing force with one single configuration.

As a result, the configuration of the middle block must be configured separately, which makes it impossible to use universally, and if a separate middle block is to be added or removed depending on the site situation later, the entire front and rear blocks must be disassembled to combine the middle blocks Since this is possible, it is impossible to change to secure immediate fixation in the field.

Second, in the prior art, grooves and protrusions are formed in the front end block, the middle block, and the rear end block so as to prevent the block from moving around the through hole and in the coupled state, respectively, so that the male and female couple with the adjacent block. The above configuration is designed to prevent flow between blocks, but in the above configuration, the front block and the rear block must be configured separately, and it is the most effective part in maintaining the bonding force between the intermediate blocks. As a result, the front block and the rear block, In addition to the inconvenience of configuring each intermediate block, the number of parts increases. In addition, there is a problem in that it is not possible to adjust the distance between the blocks according to the shape of the inner circumference of the anchor ball because the holes and the projections are always coupled at regular intervals. This can have a great effect on increasing the frictional force. In fact, if the gap is always kept constant, it is like having a surface that is substantially flat, so the frictional force is limited, but if the gap is configured to be arbitrarily adjusted, the frictional force action It can be adjusted to be larger or smaller, so it can be adjusted instantly according to the site situation.

Third, as mentioned above, in the conventional patent, due to the nature of the external diameter always being constant, the part for securing the fixing force according to the characteristics of the ground is not considered at all, so it is practically a general ground, soft rock structure ground, and composite ground. There is still an unresolved problem of combining anchoring configurations of different characteristics, and in order to overcome this problem, the number of intermediate blocks in the conventional patent is increased, so that the overall length of the anchoring unit is eventually increased. Practically, the longer the length of the anchoring section is, the more advantageous it is to secure the anchoring force, and the construction quality may be excellent.

However, as the fixing length increases, the number of parts increases accordingly, and there is a problem of economically increasing construction cost. However, in the prior patent, as a result, the length has to be increased in order to secure fixing power, and the distance or interval between the wings formed on each block is substantially maintained constant, so foreign substances are attached between the wings or anchors When the soil is attached during the ball insertion process, the curved part between the wing parts is filled and formed into one surface, and a problem arises in increasing the frictional force to secure the anchoring force.

When the above problem occurs, the number of intermediate blocks eventually increases and the overall fixation length becomes longer, which increases the economic burden and consequently causes a problem of increase in construction cost.

Fourth, as mentioned above, in the prior patent, it is difficult to configure various arrangement relationships because the outer diameter of the wings is configured to be advantageous in coupling between the same components. That is, there is a problem in that it cannot be assembled in response to immediate changes in the aforementioned characteristics of the ground or on-site conditions.

As a result, if the outer diameter of the intermediate block is different, the shape of the front end block and the rear end block must also be different, problems occur in the coupling of the axis support, and problems occur in the coupling relationship with the seating groove of the tension member, so the outer diameter is always the same. There is a problem that only the combination of the components with the structure is possible, and thus the practical scope of construction is severely restricted.

Fifth, in the prior patent, the front block, the rear block, and the middle block are composed of a plurality of wings orthogonal to the outer circumference of the cylindrical shape, which is applied only to the general ground rather than the combination according to the characteristics of the ground mentioned above. There is a problem that it is possible, and even in the tensioning process for fixation, only a part of the wing part protrudes from the outer periphery of the cylindrical shape, so the connection between the cylindrical body and the wing part has a high fatigue vulnerability due to tensile force, so it is easily damaged. . Moreover, in the case of soft ground with sedimentary rock, in fact, the wing part is only a linear contact in which the outer edge of the wing part is in contact with the inner periphery of the anchor hole, leading to the collapse of the soil and thus making it impossible to secure anchoring force.

In general, in soft ground, in the case of an anchor body with an expandable wing, the center of rotation for the wings to unfold is composed of the upper side of the anchor head, and the tip of the expandable wing is directed toward the bottom of the anchor ball, so the expandable wing extends to the inner periphery of the anchor ball. When unfolded, it contacts the surface of the expandable wing and is configured to solve the difficulty of securing anchoring force due to soil collapse, but the prior art has a problem that it is difficult to secure anchoring force only by linear contact in a direction orthogonal to the inner periphery of the anchor hole. there is.

Therefore, it is possible to adjust the fixing force, but there is a need for a technology configured to secure the maximum fixing force with the minimum length of the fixing section, and take immediate measures according to the fixing force in the field to adjust the fixing force while Various intervals, arrangements, directions, and sizes must be implemented, and a technology that can be easily assembled by ordinary people without special skills in assembling for maximum fixing power with minimum parts is required.

In addition, there is a demand for a technology that can be applied in various ways according to the characteristics of the ground and can be used for general purposes.

1. Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2013-0127660, published on November 25, 2013. 2. Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1713525, registration date March 2, 2017.

Therefore, the present invention was created to solve the above-mentioned problems, and when constructing rock bolts for ground reinforcement, settlement through unit settlement pieces that can greatly secure holding power (fixation force) according to the ground characteristics. Since the force can be adjusted and the direction of the anchoring wing formed on the unit anchorage piece can be selected in consideration of the ground characteristics at the site, it can be directly applied to the rock bolt construction through real-time selection. An object of the present invention is to provide a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting fixing force to improve construction quality and custom assembly according to ground characteristics.

In addition, since the present invention can be applied directly at the site by adjusting the anchoring force according to the characteristics of the ground through the number, size, spacing, direction, and arrangement of unit anchorage pieces, it is possible to perform on-site assembly according to the characteristics of the ground where the rock bolt hole is drilled. It is possible to secure real-time anchoring force through the conventional ground characteristics, and it is possible to assemble on-site without the need to manufacture a separate anchorage according to the conventional ground characteristics, so that the anchoring force according to the characteristics of the ground can be changed immediately on site, thereby reducing manufacturing and construction costs. Another object is to provide a rock bolt assembly capable of reducing construction time and shortening the overall construction period, adjusting anchoring force, and customizing assembly according to ground characteristics.

Furthermore, according to the present invention, it is possible to secure the support rigidity (fixation force) of the rock bolt as it is possible to adjust the anchoring force and custom assembly through the unit anchorage piece according to the characteristics of the ground, thereby preventing the rock bolt from escaping from the rock bolt hole during the tensioning process. Provides a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting anchorage and customized assembly according to the characteristics of the ground, which can respond more effectively to ground reinforcement, while reducing construction costs and construction time, as well as significantly reducing re-construction due to poor construction due to ground reinforcement. has a purpose

In order to achieve the above object, the rock bolt assembly according to the present invention, which can adjust the fixing force and assemble according to the characteristics of the ground, is fixed by the rock bolt tip anchoring part 1 inserted into the rock bolt hole R and fixed. A long section (F1) and a free length section for transmitting frictional force due to the fixation of the lock bolt tip anchorage portion formed on the lock bolt having a male thread on the outer periphery so that the tip is coupled to the lock bolt tip anchorage portion and inserted into the lock bolt hole ( F2) and the rear end of the rock bolt are coupled, and the lock bolt hole (R) corresponds to the ground side of the ground so that the rear end is fixed to the ground by applying a tensile force and maintained in a state where the tensile force is applied. Fixing part 3 and rock bolt In the rock bolt assembly in which the grouting inlet (4) is formed toward the lock bolt tip anchoring portion through the fixing portion to inject the grouting into the ball (R), the rock bolt tip anchoring portion (1) is located in the anchorage section (F1). The rock bolt ball (R) is coupled to the front end of the rock bolt located on the inner floor of the rock bolt ball (R), and is on the central axis of the rock bolt up to the point where the fixed length section (F1) and the free length section (F2) meet. At least one unit anchorage piece 100 is combined to enable adjustment of anchorage force according to the number, size, spacing, and arrangement of anchorage units 110 anchored on the ground side and custom assembly according to ground characteristics according to direction to be characterized

Here, the unit fixation piece 100 has at least two incisions 112 radially formed in a "U" shape from the outer circumference of the disc shape to a position adjacent to the center of the disc, and the incision 112 A plurality of fixing wings 114 formed around the circular arc-shaped disc divided by incision are provided to be fixed to the ground at the inner periphery of the rock bolt hole (R), and screwed to the male screw formed on the outer periphery of the rock bolt at the center. A fixing unit 110 provided with a fastening screw hole 116 formed with a female screw; It is formed in a cylindrical shape so as to be integrally communicated with one of the front and back surfaces orthogonal to the central axis of the fastening screw hole 116 of the fixing part 110, and the female thread of the fastening screw hole extends on the inner circumference of the cylindrical shape. The same female screw is formed, and the anchoring fixing part 120 protrudes in the same direction as the central axis of the rock bolt; characterized in that it is integrally formed.

On the other hand, the length of the anchoring fixing part 120 of the unit anchoring piece 100 is determined within the length from the front end of the rock bolt to the rear end of the rock bolt ranging from the anchorage section F1 of the rock bolt hole R, A female screw is formed on the inner periphery and a male screw is formed on the outer periphery so that the rock bolt is screwed from the rear end of the determined length to be positioned at the tip of the rock bolt, and it is formed in a pipe shape penetrating the front and rear ends, and the pipe shape outer circumference of the determined length According to the anchoring force control and ground characteristics, the size of the outer diameter of the anchoring unit, the spacing between anchoring units, the arrangement of anchoring units, and the direction of anchoring wings are determined to secure anchoring force by anchoring to the ground at the inner periphery of the rock bolt hole (R). It is characterized in that the plurality of fixing parts 110 are screwed to the pipe-shaped outer peripheral male screw through the fastening screw hole 116.

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Furthermore, the fixing part 110 forms a concave spherical surface at the center to have a directivity in the opposite direction to the direction in which the fixing blades 114 are concave, so that the direction of the fixing blades 114 is selected according to the characteristics of the ground It is characterized in that it is formed to assemble by.

Here, the angle of the fixing blade 114 having a directivity due to the concave spherical surface formed at the center of the fixing portion 110 is perpendicular to the center of the fixing portion coupled with the central axis of the rock bolt around the fixing blade 114. It is preferable that the angle reaching the upper end is 45 to 70 °, and a plurality of irregularities (300) for increasing frictional force when penetrating the ground in the rock bolt hole (R) on the outer circumferential surface of the arc-shaped anchoring wing (114) of the anchoring part (110) ) is preferably formed further.

On the other hand, coupling holes 402 are through-formed so as to be threaded or fitted into the rock bolts at the front and rear ends of the unit anchoring piece 100 coupled to the rock bolt from the front end of the rock bolt, and at least one or more The separation prevention unit 400 formed in a cylindrical shape is further formed so that the separation prevention bolt hole 404 is formed so that the stop bolt 410 is coupled to the separation prevention bolt hole 404 to be fixed in contact with the outer circumference of the lock bolt. to be

On the other hand, the anchoring part 110 of the unit anchorage piece 100 is manufactured at equal intervals or according to the characteristics of the ground, or combined by field assembly by a worker according to site conditions, but a plurality of anchorages coupled to rock bolts The unit 110 is an arrangement of the same outer diameter, an arrangement in which the outer diameter is sequentially enlarged or reduced, an arrangement in which two or more different outer diameters are repeated in a zigzag form, an irregular arrangement with different outer diameters, and the angle of the fixing wing in consideration of the ground characteristics. It is characterized by being arranged and combined by selecting any one or a combination of two or more according to the ground or site situation among the arrangements according to the direction.

In the present invention, when constructing a rock bolt for ground reinforcement, the anchoring force can be adjusted through a unit anchorage piece that can secure a large holding force (fixation force) according to the ground characteristics, and the anchoring wing formed on the unit anchorage piece Since the direction can be selected in consideration of the ground characteristics at the site, it can be directly applied to rock bolt construction through real-time selection, thereby improving the construction quality of rock bolts for ground reinforcement, and fixing power according to the characteristics of the ground. Since it can be applied directly on the site by adjusting the number, size, spacing, direction, and arrangement of unit anchorage pieces, it is possible to secure real-time anchorage through on-site assembly according to the ground characteristics of the site where the rock bolt hole is drilled, and conventional ground characteristics As it is possible to assemble on-site without the need to manufacture a separate anchorage, it is possible to change the securing of anchorage according to the characteristics of the ground immediately on site, reducing manufacturing and construction costs, shortening construction time and shortening the overall construction period. It works.

In addition, the present invention can secure the support rigidity (fixation force) of the rock bolt as it is possible to adjust the anchoring force and custom assembly through the unit anchorage piece according to the characteristics of the ground, thereby preventing the rock bolt from escaping from the rock bolt ball during the tensioning process. Reconstruction due to construction defects due to ground reinforcement is significantly reduced, and it has the advantage of being able to respond more effectively to ground reinforcement along with reducing construction cost and construction time.

1 is a side view of an overall installation state of a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting anchoring force and assembling according to ground characteristics according to the present invention.
2 is an overall perspective view of a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting anchoring force and assembling according to ground characteristics according to the present invention.
3 is an exploded perspective view of main parts of a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting anchoring force and assembling according to ground characteristics according to the present invention.
4 is a side cross-sectional view of a main part of a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting anchoring force and assembling according to ground characteristics according to the present invention.
5 is an exploded perspective view of main parts of Example 1 of a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting fixing force and assembling according to ground characteristics according to the present invention.
6 is a side cross-sectional view of main parts of Example 1 of a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting fixing force and assembling according to ground characteristics according to the present invention.
7 is an exploded perspective view of main parts of Example 2 of a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting fixing force and custom-assembling according to ground characteristics according to the present invention.
8 is a side cross-sectional view of main parts of Example 2 of a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting anchoring force and assembling according to ground characteristics according to the present invention.
9 is an exploded perspective view of main parts of Example 3 of a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting fixing force and assembling according to ground characteristics according to the present invention.
10 is a side cross-sectional view of main parts of Example 3 of a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting fixing force and assembling according to ground characteristics according to the present invention.
11 is an exploded perspective view of main parts of another example of embodiment 3 of a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting fixing force and custom-assembling according to ground characteristics according to the present invention.
12 is a side cross-sectional view of main parts of another example of Example 3 of a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting fixing force and custom-assembling according to ground characteristics according to the present invention.
13 is a view showing a deformation state of a unit anchorage piece of a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting anchoring force and assembling according to ground characteristics according to the present invention.
14 is a view showing the angle according to the direction determination of the anchorage unit of the anchorage unit of the rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting the anchorage force and assembling according to the characteristics of the ground according to the present invention.
15 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting fixing force and assembling according to ground characteristics according to the present invention when applied to general ground and hard ground.
16 is a side cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting fixing force and custom-assembling according to ground characteristics according to the present invention when applied to general ground and hard ground.
17 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting anchoring force and assembling according to ground characteristics according to the present invention when applied to soft ground.
18 is a side cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting anchoring force and assembling according to ground characteristics according to an embodiment of the present invention when applied to soft ground.
19 is a side cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting anchoring force and assembling according to ground characteristics according to the present invention when applied to composite ground.
20 is a side cross-sectional view showing a form in which the size of the outer diameter of a unit anchorage piece of a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting anchoring force and custom-assembling according to ground characteristics according to the present invention is expanded.
21 is a cross-sectional side view showing a zigzag arrangement of a large and small outer diameter size of unit anchorage pieces of a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting anchoring force and custom-assembling according to ground characteristics according to the present invention.
22 is a perspective view of main parts showing a form in which fixing units of a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting fixing force and assembling according to ground characteristics according to the present invention are fixed by a separation prevention unit.
23 is a side cross-sectional view showing a fixing type by a wedge member of a unit anchorage piece of a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting anchoring force and custom-assembling according to ground characteristics according to the present invention.

Advantages and features of the present invention, and methods for achieving them, will become clear with reference to the embodiments described below in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below and will be implemented in a number of different forms.

In this specification, this embodiment is provided to make the disclosure of the present invention complete, and to fully inform those skilled in the art of the scope of the invention to which the present invention belongs. And the invention is only defined by the scope of the claims. Thus, in some embodiments, well-known components, well-known operations and well-known techniques have not been described in detail in order to avoid obscuring the interpretation of the present invention.

Like reference numbers designate like elements throughout the specification. In addition, the terms used (mentioned) in this specification are for describing the embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention by any means. In this specification, singular forms also include plural forms unless specifically stated otherwise in a phrase. Also, elements and operations referred to as 'include (or include)' do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements and operations.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used in this specification may be used in a meaning commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. In addition, terms defined in commonly used dictionaries are not interpreted ideally or excessively unless they are defined.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, technical features according to an embodiment of a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting fixing force and custom-assembling according to ground characteristics according to the present invention will be described in detail.

1 is a side view of the entire installation state of a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting anchoring force and custom-assembling according to ground characteristics according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a rock bolt capable of adjusting anchoring force and custom-assembling according to ground characteristics according to the present invention. Figure 3 is an exploded perspective view of main parts of a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting anchoring force and custom-assembling according to ground characteristics according to the present invention, and Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view of anchoring force adjustment and custom according to ground characteristics according to the present invention. Figure 5 is an exploded perspective view of main parts of Example 1 of a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting fixing force and custom-assembling according to ground characteristics according to the present invention. Figure 7 is a side cross-sectional view of the main part of a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting the anchoring force and custom-assembling according to the characteristics of the ground according to the present invention. It is an exploded perspective view of the main part of Example 2, and FIG. 8 is a side cross-sectional view of the main part of Example 2 of the rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting the anchoring force and custom-assembling according to the ground characteristics according to the present invention, and FIG. 9 is the anchoring force adjustment according to the present invention. and an exploded perspective view of main parts of a rock bolt assembly according to embodiment 3 capable of custom assembly according to ground characteristics, and FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view of another main part of Example 3 of a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting anchoring force and custom-assembling according to ground characteristics according to the present invention, and FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view of anchoring force adjustment and ground according to the present invention A side cross-sectional view of the main part of another example of embodiment 3 of a rock bolt assembly capable of custom assembly according to characteristics, and FIG. 13 is a deformed state of a unit anchorage piece of a rock bolt assembly capable of custom assembly according to anchorage adjustment and ground characteristics according to the present invention. Figure 14 is a view showing the angle according to the direction determination of the anchorage part of the unit anchorage piece of the rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting anchoring force and custom-assembling according to the ground characteristics according to the present invention, and Fig. 15 is a diagram showing the angle according to the present invention 16 is a perspective view showing an embodiment when a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting anchorage force and custom assembly according to ground characteristics is applied to general ground and hard ground according to the present invention, and FIG. 17 is a side cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a rock bolt assembly when applied to general ground and hard ground, and FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing an example, and FIG. 18 is a side cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting anchoring force and assembling according to ground characteristics according to the present invention when applied to soft ground, and FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment according to the present invention A side cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting anchoring force and custom assembly according to ground characteristics when applied to composite ground, and FIG. 20 is a rock bolt capable of adjusting anchoring force and custom assembly according to ground characteristics according to the present invention. 21 is a side cross-sectional view showing a form in which the outer diameter size of the unit anchorage piece of the assembly is expanded, and FIG. 21 is a form in which the outer diameter size of the unit anchorage piece of the rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting the anchorage force and custom assembly according to the ground characteristics according to the present invention is large and small 22 is a side cross-sectional view showing a zigzag arrangement of , and FIG. 22 is a perspective view of main parts of a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting fixing force and custom-assembling according to ground characteristics according to the present invention, in a form in which the unit fixing piece is fixed by a separation prevention unit. 23 is a side cross-sectional view showing a fixing type by means of a wedge member of a unit anchorage piece of a rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting fixing force and custom-assembling according to ground characteristics according to the present invention.

According to the present invention, the rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting the anchoring force and customizing the assembly according to the characteristics of the ground selects the number, size, spacing, arrangement, and direction of the unit anchorage pieces 100 according to the characteristics of the ground. It is possible to adjust the fixing force (holding force) of the ball (R), so it is possible to secure the fixing force according to the ground characteristics of the site where the rock bolt hole is drilled, and there is no need to prepare or manufacture separate tip anchorages suitable for the conventional ground characteristics. It is possible to solve the required fixing force through design through the manufacturing process through the assembly of the same parts or through on-site assembly, so it is possible to secure the fixing force according to the ground characteristics in advance, and it can be changed in real time on the site, reducing manufacturing costs and It is possible to reduce construction cost, shorten construction time and shorten overall construction period, and improve the construction quality of rock bolts for ground reinforcement because it is possible to assemble unit settlements according to ground characteristics during on-site construction. , Through this, it is possible to secure support stiffness (fixation) without defects, preventing the rock bolt from leaving the rock bolt hole during the tensioning process, and significantly reducing re-construction due to defects due to ground reinforcement, reducing construction costs and shortening construction time, as well as ground reinforcement The present invention has been disclosed as a technology capable of more effectively responding to.

As shown in FIG. 1, the rock bolt assembly according to the present invention, which can adjust the fixing force and assemble according to the characteristics of the ground, is inserted into the rock bolt hole R, which is a configuration according to the rock bolt construction, and is fixed. Fixation of the anchorage section F1 formed by the bolt tip anchorage portion 1 and the rock bolt tip anchorage formed on the rock bolt having a male screw formed on the outer periphery so that the tip is coupled to the lock bolt tip anchorage portion and inserted into the lock bolt hole. The free field section (F2) that transmits the frictional force according to is coupled with the rear end of the rock bolt, and the rear end is fixed to the ground by applying a tensile force in response to the ground side of the rock bolt ball (R) so that the tensile force is applied and maintained A rock forming an anchorage section (F1) in the rock bolt where the grouting inlet (4) is formed toward the rock bolt tip anchorage side through the fixing part so as to inject the grouting into the fixed part (3) and the rock bolt hole (R). By changing the bolt tip fixing part to the rock bolt assembly configuration of the present invention, it is configured to enable adjustment of anchoring force according to the ground characteristics and customized assembly according to the ground characteristics.

Therefore, the rock bolt tip anchoring part 1 capable of adjusting the anchoring force and custom-assembling according to the ground characteristics according to the present invention is the inner bottom of the rock bolt hole R in the gating and anchorage section F1 as shown in FIG. A fixation part coupled to the front end of the rock bolt located on the side and fixed to the ground side of the internal combustion chamber of the rock bolt ball (R) on the central axis of the rock bolt up to the point where the anchorage section (F1) and the free section (F2) meet At least one unit settlement piece 100 is combined to enable adjustment of fixing force according to the number, size, spacing, and arrangement of 110 and custom assembly according to ground characteristics according to direction. Shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 As described above, the unit fixing piece 100 is composed of a fixing part 110 and a fixing part 120.

The fixing part 110 is fixed to the ground on the inner periphery of the rock bolt hole R to secure support rigidity (fixation force) during the rock bolt tensioning process, and is fixed to the rock bolt ball before grouting, and after grouting It is cured between the fixing parts so that the holding power can be doubled. The fixing part 110 is formed in a disk shape.

In addition, at least two incisions 112 cut in a “U” shape from the outer periphery to a position adjacent to the center of the disk are radially formed in the disc-shaped fixing part. Here, the incision 112 is formed by dividing the outer periphery of the disk so that an arc-shaped outer edge is formed to form fixing wings, and when grouting is injected, the front and rear surfaces of the fixing part are configured to be connected and fixed to each other by grouting. built to increase power.

On the other hand, as described above, the circumference of the circular arc-shaped disc divided by the incision 112 is formed with a plurality of fixing wings 114, and is provided to be fixed on the inner periphery of the rock bolt hole R, , At the center, a fastening screw hole 116 having a female thread is provided so as to be screwed with a male screw formed on the outer periphery of the rock bolt to be coupled to the rock bolt.

The fixing fixing part 120 is formed integrally with the fixing part 110 described above, and the number of screws is small in the process of screwing the rock bolt of the disk-shaped fixing part, so that the screw thread is broken during the lock bolt tensioning process, so that the fixing part 110 It is configured to increase the coupling force by enlarging the screw coupling portion to prevent the lock bolt from being separated from, and when the thread of the fixing unit 110 can sufficiently withstand the tensile force of the lock bolt, even without the fixing unit 120. Fixing force can be secured by screwing into the rock bolt.

Accordingly, as mentioned above, the fixing fixing part 120 is formed integrally with the fixing part 110, and any of the front and rear surfaces orthogonal to the central axis of the fastening screw hole 116 of the fixing part 110 It is formed in a cylindrical shape so as to communicate integrally with one side, and the same female thread is formed on the inner periphery of the cylindrical shape so that the female thread of the fastening screw hole 116 is extended to increase the coupling force with the rock bolt, and the central axis of the rock bolt It protrudes from one side of the fixing part in the same direction as

Therefore, the shape on the side on which the fixing part 110 and the fixing part 120 are integrally formed is composed of a unit body formed in a "sh" shape, and the unit fixing piece 100 composed of the unit body is screwed to a rock bolt to Although combined, through the arrangement according to the number of unit anchorage pieces 100, the interval between unit anchorage pieces, the size of the outer diameter of the anchorage part of the unit anchorage pieces, and the different outer diameters and number of unit anchorage pieces, Fixing force can be adjusted.

Here, when the anchoring unit 110 integrally formed with the anchoring unit 120 is coupled with the lock bolt of the fastening screw hole 116, the number of threads sufficient to maintain the fastening force can be secured. The unit fixation piece 100 may be configured only by the fixing unit 110 itself without the separate configuration of the government 120 . That is, the reason why the fixing unit is integrally formed with the fixing unit is to secure fastening force with the lock bolt and to prevent the lock bolt from being separated from the fixing unit 110 when the lock bolt is pulled according to the fixing force of the fixing unit. Therefore, in the case of configuring the fixing unit alone, as described above, when the lock bolt is tensioned, the screw coupling force of the fastening screw hole fastened to the lock bolt must be coupled to a degree that can sufficiently maintain the coupling force against the tensile force.

<Example 1>

On the other hand, the above-described unit fixing piece 100 combines a plurality of one unit pieces integrally formed with a fixing fixing part 120 in which a rock bolt is screwed into one fixing part 110 constituting the fixing wing, thereby increasing the fixing force. , and the present embodiment 1 is configured so that a plurality of fixing parts 110 are coupled to the outer periphery of one fixing part 120.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the fixing part 120 of the unit anchorage piece 100 is a rock bolt extending from the tip of the rock bolt to the anchorage section F1 of the rock bolt hole R. A length is determined within the length to the rear end, and a female screw 122 is formed on the inner periphery and a male screw 124 is formed on the outer periphery so that the lock bolt is screwed from the rear end of the determined length to be positioned at the tip of the rock bolt. It is formed in the shape of a pipe penetrated through the end. Here, it is preferable that the length of the fixing unit 120 is determined according to the number and spacing of the fixing units 110 . However, in order to adjust the fixing force, the length of the fixing part 120 may be determined based on the length of the fixing part 110 without corresponding length according to the number and spacing of the fixing part 110 .

And, according to the fixing force control on the outer periphery of the fixed fixing part 120 of the pipe shape of the determined length and the ground characteristics, the outer diameter size and fixing of the fixing part to secure fixing force by fixing on the inner circumferential ground of the rock bolt hole (R) The distance between the parts, the arrangement between the fixing parts, and the direction of the fixing wings are determined so that the plurality of fixing parts 110 are screwed to the pipe-shaped outer peripheral male screw 124 through the fastening screw holes 116.

That is, according to the required anchoring force and ground characteristics, the anchoring unit ( 110) after selecting the number, spacing, size, arrangement, and direction of the fixing wings in advance and screwing them together, and then screwing and combining the fixing fixing part 120 with the rock bolts, due to the pre-configuration for fixing the rock bolts, on-site Construction can be done faster.

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On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 13, the fixing part 110 of the unit fixing piece 100 from the basic type to the first embodiment of the fixing unit described above forms a spherical surface concave at the center so that the fixing blades 114 are formed. It is formed to have a directivity in the opposite direction to the concave direction, and is formed to select and assemble the direction of the fixing blades 114 according to the characteristics of the ground. That is, the required anchoring force can be secured only when the direction of the anchoring wing on the general ground or hard ground and the direction of the anchoring wing on the ground of soil or soft ground are different from each other.

Previously, the basic unit anchoring piece and the anchoring wing of the anchoring unit 110 of the unit anchoring piece according to the embodiment were formed in a plate shape so that anchoring force was secured while contacting the inner circumferential surface of the rock bolt hole R at a right angle. By configuring the fixing wing to have an oblique angle rather than orthogonal to the central axis of the rock bolt, the fixing force can be further improved by increasing the frictional force with the ground on the inner periphery of the lock bolt hole.

Here, when the unit anchorage piece 100 is formed so that the center side is concave, and the direction of the anchorage wing is determined, when constructing on the ground with general ground or hard ground characteristics, or when constructing on the ground with soil or soft ground characteristics, In consideration of the directionality determined during complex ground construction, it is determined in which direction the anchoring blades are located, and will be described in more detail through an embodiment considering the ground characteristics.

<Example 1 according to ground characteristics>

When constructing on general ground or ground with hard ground characteristics, as shown in FIG. 13, the anchoring wing 114 of the unit anchoring piece 100 to secure anchoring force is concave in the center of the anchoring unit 110 It is concave to form a spherical surface and confined in the direction opposite to the central direction where the spherical surface is formed concavely, so it is relatively easy to secure fixing force due to the characteristics of general ground or hard ground, so it can lead to the maximum frictional force with the ground. , As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the direction of concave to the center to secure fixing force is toward the bottom side of the inner periphery of the rock bolt hole R, and the direction opposite to the center forming the concave spherical surface. The direction of the anchoring blades 114 is screwed or fitted to the rock bolts so that the direction of the anchoring blades 114 is suitable for the ground characteristics. After that, the rock bolt tension is prepared according to the securing of fixing power, and the reinforcement construction of the slope or cut surface is completed through grouting injection and tension.

As described above, in the state in which the rock bolt hole (R) is drilled in the ground having general ground or hard ground characteristics, the direction of the anchorage wing 114 is determined, and then the number and spacing of unit anchorage pieces to secure anchorage are considered. combined, considering the arrangement relationship, it is preferable that the outer diameter of the unit anchorage piece 100 is formed with the same outer diameter, but the inner circumferential diameter of the rock bolt hole R is not the same from the bottom of the rock bolt hole, and the large and small diameters are repeated. If there is a part, the unit anchoring piece 100 having a different outer diameter is coupled in the direction of the anchoring wing 114 ahead of time to secure anchoring force and holding force due to increased friction with the inner periphery of the rock bolt hole. good night.

Therefore, after inserting the rock bolt assembly in which the unit fixation piece 100 is assembled in the field assembled or factory-designed state into the rock bolt hole R, and then pulling the rock bolt, the unit fixation piece 100 The arc-shaped outer edge of the anchoring blade 114 of the anchoring unit 110 is supported while in contact with the ground of the rock bolt hole (R), and the anchoring blades 114 of the plurality of unit anchoring pieces 100 are simultaneously supported. It is possible to apply tensile force according to the design.

On the other hand, if the site situation of the designed part is different and more fixing force is required, the fixing force can be increased by additionally screwing or fitting the unit fixing piece 100 to the rock bolt, and on the contrary, if excessive fixing force occurs, the designed unit It is self-evident that immediate response is possible according to on-site conditions because construction can be performed by subtracting a part from the basic number of fixing pieces 100. Furthermore, the fixing blades 114 of the unit fixing piece 100 also serve as a spacer so that the lock bolt does not come into contact with the inner periphery of the lock bolt hole R and maintains a horizontal or vertical state in the center. There is also an economic advantage through reducing the number of parts as the quality of the rock bolt construction is not affected even if the gap agent is not additionally combined.

<Example 2 according to ground characteristics>

When constructing on the ground having the characteristics of soil or soft ground, the anchoring wing 114 of the unit anchoring piece 100 to secure anchoring force, as described in <Embodiment 1 according to the ground characteristics>, the anchoring unit ( 110) is concavely concave to form a spherical surface, and the directionality is confined in the direction opposite to the direction toward the center where the spherical surface is concavely formed.

On the other hand, it is difficult to secure the frictional force with the ground in the ground with the characteristics of soil or soft ground, and it is difficult to secure the anchoring force due to problems such as the ground collapsing during tension. As shown in FIGS. 17 and 18 to secure fixing force to minimize the collapsed part, the direction of concave in the center is toward the fixing part on the ground side of the rock bolt hole R, and the direction of the fixing wing 114 The lock bolt hole R is screwed or fitted to the rock bolt to face the bottom side of the inner periphery of the rock bolt hole R, so that the direction of the anchoring blade 114 is suitable for the ground characteristics.

As described above, the front end of the fixing blade 114 does not come into linear contact with the rock bolt hole, but the front side of the fixing blade 114 is in plane contact with the ground on the inner circumference of the lock bolt hole, and the opposite of the tensile direction. It is configured so that the front end direction of the anchoring wing is located in the arc direction, so that the frictional force is secured by expanding the contact area with the rock bolt ball ground, and the anchoring force can be secured by playing a role in gripping the soil or soft ground during tension. . After that, the rock bolt tension is prepared according to the securing of fixing power, and the reinforcement construction of the slope or cut surface is completed through grouting injection and tension.

The ground having the characteristics of soil and soft ground as described above is also applied to secure the anchoring force on the ground having the general ground or hard ground characteristics of <Example 1 according to the ground characteristics> described above. Unit settlement piece 100 The direction of the anchoring blades 114 is determined, and then the number and spacing of unit anchorage pieces for securing anchoring force are considered and combined, and considering the arrangement relationship, the outer diameter of the anchorage wing 100 is formed with the same outer diameter Although this is preferable, if the inner circumferential diameter of the rock bolt hole R is not the same from the bottom of the rock bolt hole and there is a part where the large and small diameters are repeated as shown in FIG. It may be configured to be coupled in the direction of the fixing wing 114 ahead of time to secure the fixing force and holding force due to the increase in frictional force with the inner periphery of the rock bolt hole.

Therefore, after inserting the rock bolt assembly in which the unit fixation piece 100 is assembled in the field assembled or factory-designed state into the rock bolt hole R, and then pulling the rock bolt, the unit fixation piece 100 The arc-shaped outer edge of the anchoring blade 114 of the anchoring unit 110 is supported while in contact with the ground of the rock bolt hole (R), and the anchoring blades 114 of the plurality of unit anchoring pieces 100 are simultaneously supported. It is possible to apply tensile force according to the design.

On the other hand, if the site situation of the designed part is different and more fixing force is required, the fixing force can be increased by additionally screwing or fitting the unit fixing piece 100 to the rock bolt. It is self-evident that immediate response is possible according to the on-site situation because it can be constructed by subtracting some from the basic number of pieces (100). Furthermore, the fixing blades 114 of the unit fixing piece 100 also serve as a spacer so that the lock bolt does not come into contact with the inner periphery of the lock bolt hole R and maintains a horizontal or vertical state in the center. There is also an economic advantage through reducing the number of parts as the quality of the rock bolt construction is not affected even if the gap agent is not additionally combined.

<Example 3 according to ground characteristics>

When constructing on the ground with complex ground properties, the ground properties of the rock bolt hole (R) are general and hard, or have complex ground properties such as soil and soft ground. > and <Example 2 according to ground characteristics>, which constitutes the direction of the unit settlement piece 100 in a complex way, the ground on the bottom side of the rock bolt hole (R) has general ground or hard ground characteristics, and the rock bolt ball (R) When the ground side is soil or soft ground or ground formed on the contrary, ground having different characteristics by depth from the bottom of the rock bolt hole to the ground As shown in FIG. 19, the settlement of the unit settlement piece 100 A plurality of sequential layers in which the direction of the wing 114 bent relative to the axis of the rock bolt is the direction toward the ground of the rock bolt hole (R) or the direction toward the bottom of the inner periphery of the rock bolt hole (R) When constructing on the ground with complex ground characteristics, it is configured to easily secure anchorage.

Here, the directions of the anchoring blades of the unit anchoring pieces 100 as described above can be complexly constructed so that they face each other or face each other in opposite directions in consideration of the ground characteristics, and the state of the ground in which the rock bolt hole R is formed. It can be arranged in various ways according to the lock bolt hole (R), and the number of unit fixing pieces 100 is formed differently according to the inner diameter of the lock bolt hole (R), so that screw coupling, fitting coupling, or welding coupling is possible.

Regarding this, looking through the drawings showing several arrangement relationships, as described above, the direction of the anchorage blades 114 of the anchorage pieces 110 and 130 of the anchorage unit 100 coupled to the rock bolt is shown in FIG. 19. As such, they are coupled to face each other toward the center of the longitudinal direction of the rock bolt, or are arranged so as to face the bottom side of the inner periphery of the rock bolt hole R and the ground side of the rock bolt ball in opposite directions, or as shown in FIG. Likewise, the direction facing the bottom of the rock bolt ball and the ground side can be arranged in a zigzag pattern, and as shown in FIG. 20, the diameter of the unit settlement piece gradually expands or contracts, or the unit settlement piece with a different diameter is arranged It can be configured to be.

As described above, the number of unit fixation pieces 100 constituting the unit can be adjusted by adding or partially removing the unit fixing pieces 100 at the site when it is necessary to adjust the designed number and fixing force when actually applied to the site. It is obvious that rapid construction and high construction quality can be achieved. In addition, as mentioned above, the unit fixing piece 100 is designed and combined with the number of fixing parts 110 in advance so as to secure the fixing force required for the fixing fixing part 120 in the form of a pipe, and then one Even if it is configured in the form of a unit and combined on the spot, the same effect can be obtained.

Considering the orientation of the anchorage wings 114 formed on the anchorage part 110 of the unit anchorage piece 100 through the examples according to the ground conditions, and through the required anchorage force, the unit body of the anchorage unit 100 Considering the number, size, arrangement, spacing, etc., or the number, size, arrangement, spacing, etc. It is possible to achieve high construction quality by forming a rock bolt assembly constituting the configured rock bolt tip fixing part and installing it in the rock bolt hole.

Moreover, after construction, if it is necessary to adjust the fixing force in the tensile state of the rock bolt before grouting is injected, it is possible to add or remove unit fixing pieces, so it is possible to adjust the fixing force during the construction process.

To this end, it is possible to screw or fit along the rock bolt maintaining a straight state in parallel with the rock bolt hole (R) through the fastening screw hole or fitting hole of the unit fixing piece 100 coupled to the rock bolt, so that the rock bolt Additional unit anchorage pieces 100 can be added during the tensioning process, and when removed, the unit anchorage piece that was last combined or the unit anchorage piece coupled to the tip is selected and removed, thereby lock bolt tip anchorage in rock bolt construction. It is possible to adjust the anchoring force (holding force) of

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 14, the central portion of the unit fixing piece 100 is formed in a concave dish shape, and the outer periphery of the fixing part 110 is formed close to the axis of the rock bolt. It is preferable that the angle of the fixing blade 114 having directionality is 45 to 70 ° from the center of the fixing part 110 to the upper end of the arc-shaped circumference of the fixing blade 114 based on the axis of the rock bolt. . That is, when the angle of the fixing wing 114 is formed smaller than 45° with respect to the central axis of the rock bolt and approaches the central axis of the rock bolt, contact with the ground of the inner periphery of the rock bolt hole R is difficult and the fixation is difficult. There is a problem that the anchoring of the wing itself becomes impossible, making it difficult to secure the required anchoring force, and when the angle of the anchoring wing 114 is formed larger than 70 ° and is close to the state perpendicular to the central axis of the rock bolt, the rock bolt ball ( It is formed larger than the inner diameter of R), so it is difficult to insert the anchor head into the rock bolt hole (R) due to the interference of the anchoring wing of the unit anchoring piece with the inner circumferential ground of the rock bolt hole in the process of inserting it into the rock bolt hole. There is a problem that it is impossible to enter the rock bolt to the depth of the ball.

On the other hand, on the outer circumferential surface of the arc-shaped fixing blade 114 formed by the cutout 112 of the fixing part 110 of the unit fixing piece 100, a plurality of irregularities for increasing frictional force when the rock bolt ball penetrates the ground are further formed. may be formed. That is, even if the anchoring unit 110 forms irregularities around the circular arc of the anchoring wing 114 formed by the cutout 112, the inner diameter of the rock bolt hole increases the frictional force with the ground so that the anchoring force is improved. good night. A high fixing force helps to improve the quality of anchor construction through the improvement of tension construction quality in the process of tensioning rock bolts and the filling of grouting.

On the other hand, the above-described unit anchorage piece 100 is configured so that the unit anchorage itself is screwed or fixed to the lock bolt by a stop bolt, but the screwed unit anchorage piece is prevented from changing its position on the lock bolt or departs and is attached to the stop bolt In the case of the unit fixation piece fixed by the method, it may be formed without separate fixing bolt holes 122 and 142 or stop bolts 124 and 144, so that the unit fixation piece 100 that can be prevented from leaving as described above is positioned on the rock bolt It is also preferable to further include a separation prevention unit 400 so that it can be fixed.

As shown in FIG. 22, the separation prevention unit 400 is screwed or fitted into the rock bolts at the front and rear ends of the fixing unit 100 coupled to the rock bolts from the front end side of the lock bolts. 402 is formed through, and at least one anti-separation bolt hole 404 is formed on the outer periphery so that the stop bolt 410 is coupled to the anti-separation bolt hole 404 to be fixed in contact with the outer periphery of the rock bolt. formed as a

Here, the departure prevention unit 400 is located at the front and rear sides of the unit fixation piece 100 constituting the above-described embodiments and embodiments according to the ground characteristics, and is further fixedly coupled to the outer periphery of the soil nail. can be configured. In the separation prevention unit 400, a coupling hole 402 is formed through and coupled to the outer circumference of the steel pipe at the front and rear ends of the unit anchoring piece 100 coupled to the steel pipe from the front end of the soil nail, and is formed through the outer circumference. At least one anti-separation bolt hole 404 is formed so that the stop bolt 410 is formed in a cylindrical shape to be fixed to the outer periphery of the nail through the anti-separation bolt hole 404.

The separation prevention unit 400 as described above does not leave the fixed position on the soil nail through the fastening method by the stop bolt of the unit fixing piece 100, and the fixing force of the fixing wing 114 of the fixing part 110 In order to additionally prevent the unit anchoring piece 100 from leaving the fixed position in the state of being coupled to have (holding force), and to prevent the fixation of the unit anchorage piece 100 on the steel pipe, omission of fixation due to operator error in the process of coupling the unit anchorage piece to the steel pipe, It is possible to solve the problem of securing fixing force due to a change in the fixing position of the unit fixing piece 100 caused by loosening or poor fastening. In addition, when the fixing piece 100 is formed without a configuration for fixing the fixing piece 100 to the soil nail, it can also perform a role of fixing on the soil nail through the separation prevention unit 400.

On the other hand, although the fastening method by screw fastening or stop bolt has been described as a configuration in which the unit fixing piece 100 is positioned and fixed on the rock bolt, as shown in FIG. 23, the rock bolt is pulled toward the ground side of the rock bolt hole In the process of doing this, it is also preferable to configure the fixing unit 100 so that it can be more firmly fixed in the form of a wedge so that the unit fixation piece 100 does not disengage from the rock bolt. That is, in the method using the wedge member 300, the coupling force can be further expanded in the process of tensioning the rock bolt, and thus construction defects due to disengagement between the rock bolt and the unit fixture can be prevented.

Therefore, the anchoring part 110 of the unit anchorage piece 100 is manufactured at equal intervals or according to the characteristics of the ground, or combined by field assembly by a worker according to site conditions, but a plurality of anchorages coupled to rock bolts. The unit 110 is an arrangement of the same outer diameter, an arrangement in which the outer diameter is sequentially enlarged or reduced, an arrangement in which two or more different outer diameters are repeated in a zigzag form, an irregular arrangement with different outer diameters, and the angle of the fixing wing in consideration of the ground characteristics. Among the arrangements according to the direction and the ground, it may be arranged and combined by selecting any one or a combination of two or more according to the ground or field situation. In other words, it is easy to secure an appropriate fixing force in the field through a combination of various forms for adjusting the fixing force, and it is possible to change immediately according to design changes, shortening the construction period and shortening the construction time, and facilitating the on-site assembly of the rock bolt assembly. As a result, it is possible to construct a rock bolt that secures fixing power through simple assembly without special skills.

The rock bolt assembly according to the present invention, which can adjust the anchoring force and assemble according to the characteristics of the ground, can adjust the anchoring force and assemble according to the characteristics of the ground in the field, but in the case of the tip anchorage by the ordinary rock bolt assembly Since it relies only on the fixation by the frictional force of the simply expanding fixing wings, if either wing is not properly fixed, there is a problem that the rock bolt does not match the axis of the rock bolt ball (R) during the tensioning process and deviates. The thickness of the grouting or the construction quality deteriorates, which causes the overall construction quality to deteriorate.

However, according to the unit anchoring piece 100 of the present invention, the portion in contact with the inner periphery of the lock bolt hole R according to the multiple configurations of the anchoring unit 110 is supported by a plurality of anchoring blades 114. The axis of the rock bolt, which can be tilted without contacting the ground, is supported by each anchoring wing 114 formed in the anchoring part 110 of the unit anchoring piece 100, and can be supplemented to achieve the required anchoring force. It is possible to secure the same fixing force no matter who assembles it, and it is possible to secure the constant quality of high construction quality through this. Because the ground and ground characteristics are different each time, it can be assembled in consideration of the anchorage shape and anchorage power inserted into the appropriate rock bolt hole at the site.

Therefore, the rock bolt assembly according to the present invention, which is capable of adjusting the anchoring force and customizing the assembly according to the characteristics of the ground, enables real-time rock bolt assembly by immediately adjusting the anchoring force required during design or the anchoring force required according to the situation in the field. Changes according to various configurations, such as the first to third embodiments of the assembly and the coupling method by the wedge member 300, can be easily made, and various ground characteristics or site properties through the above-described various types of unit settlement pieces 100 It is self-evident that it is possible to adjust the required anchoring force in consideration of the situation.

That is, the present invention can adjust the anchoring force through a unit anchorage piece capable of securing a large holding force (fixation force) according to the ground characteristics during the construction of the rock bolt for ground reinforcement, and the anchorage formed on the unit anchorage member. Because the direction of the wing can be selected in consideration of the ground characteristics at the site, rock bolt construction is possible immediately through real-time selection. Through this, the construction quality of rock bolts for ground reinforcement can be improved, and the anchoring force according to the characteristics of the ground can be adjusted through the number, size, spacing, direction, and arrangement of unit anchoring pieces, and can be applied immediately on site. Depending on the ground characteristics of the site where the ball is drilled, it is possible to secure real-time anchoring force through on-site assembly, and it is possible to secure anchorage according to the characteristics of the ground by enabling on-site assembly without the need to manufacture a separate anchorage according to the conventional ground characteristics. It can be changed immediately, so it is possible to reduce manufacturing cost and construction cost, and it is possible to shorten construction time and overall construction period.

Furthermore, according to the present invention, it is possible to secure the support rigidity (fixation force) of the rock bolt as it is possible to adjust the anchoring force and custom assembly through the unit anchorage piece according to the characteristics of the ground, thereby preventing the rock bolt from escaping from the rock bolt hole during the tensioning process. Reconstruction due to construction defects due to ground reinforcement is significantly reduced, and it is possible to respond more effectively to ground reinforcement along with reduction of construction cost and construction time.

In the above, the present invention has been described in detail as one embodiment, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is clear that many variations and modifications are possible to those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical idea, and the present invention It will be said that it is included to the embodiment and substantially equivalent scope. Technical features will be described in detail.

A: Rock bolt ball F1: Settlement section
F2: Free length section 1: Rock bolt tip fixing part
2: rock bolt 3: fixed part
4: grouting inlet
100: unit fixing piece 110: fixing unit
112: incision 114: fixing wing
116: fastening screw hole 136: fitting hole
138: combined female screw
120: fixing part 122: female screw
124: male screw
300: wedge member
400: departure prevention unit 402: coupling ball
404: departure prevention bolt hole 410: stop bolt

Claims (11)

An anchoring section (F1) formed by the rock bolt tip anchoring portion (1) inserted into and fixed into the rock bolt hole (R), and the outer periphery of the lock bolt tip anchoring portion to be inserted into the lock bolt hole. The free length section (F2), which transmits the frictional force according to the fixation of the rock bolt tip fixing part formed on the rock bolt with a male screw, and the rear end of the rock bolt are combined, and the rear end by applying tensile force in response to the ground side of the rock bolt hole (R) The grouting injection hole 4 is formed toward the fixing part of the front end of the rock bolt through the fixing part so as to inject the grouting into the fixing part 3 and the rock bolt hole R, which are fixed to the ground and maintained in a state in which a tensile force is applied. In the rock bolt assembly, the rock bolt tip anchoring portion 1 is a combination of a plurality of unit anchorage pieces 100 to enable customized assembly according to the ground characteristics in the anchorage section F1, and the unit anchorage pieces ( 100) has at least two incisions 112 radially formed in a “U” shape from the outer periphery of the disk shape to a position adjacent to the center of the disk, and is divided by incision 112. A plurality of fixing wings 114 formed around the arc-shaped disc are provided to be fixed on the inner periphery of the rock bolt hole (R), and a fastening screw hole having a female screw formed at the center to be screwed with a male screw formed on the outer circumference of the rock bolt ( 116) provided with the fixing unit 110; It is formed in a cylindrical shape so as to be integrally communicated with one of the front and back surfaces orthogonal to the central axis of the fastening screw hole 116 of the fixing part 110, and the female thread of the fastening screw hole extends on the inner circumference of the cylindrical shape. The same female screw is formed, and the anchoring fixing part 120 protrudes in the same direction as the central axis of the rock bolt; is formed integrally,
The length of the anchorage fixing part 120 of the unit anchorage piece 100 is determined within the length from the front end of the rock bolt to the rear end of the rock bolt ranging from the anchorage section F1 of the rock bolt hole R, and the determined length A female screw 122 is formed on the inner periphery and a male screw 124 is formed on the outer periphery so that it is screwed with the rock bolt from the rear end to be positioned at the tip of the rock bolt, and is formed in a pipe shape penetrating the front and rear ends of the determined length. Adjust the fixing force on the outer periphery of the pipe shape and secure the anchoring force by fixing the rock bolt hole (R) on the inner periphery ground according to the ground characteristics, the size of the outer diameter of the fixing part, the spacing between the fixing parts, the arrangement between the fixing parts, and the fixing wings It is possible to adjust the fixing force and custom assemble according to the ground characteristics, characterized in that the direction is determined and the plurality of anchoring parts 110 are screwed to the outer peripheral male screw 124 of the pipe shape through the fastening screw hole 116 Rock bolt assembly.
delete delete delete delete delete According to claim 1,
The fixing part 110 is formed in a disk shape in which a spherical surface recessed from the center of one side where the fitting hole is formed to the center of the other side is formed. It has directionality in the direction opposite to the center direction of the spherical surface, and the curved direction of the arc of the center in which the upper and lower ends are concave on the side cross section constituting the plurality of fixing blades 114 divided by the cutout on the disk-shaped edge side. As it is bent to protrude in the opposite direction and formed flexibly, the direction of the end determined by the curved curvature of the anchoring wing that forms the disk-shaped rim side of the anchoring unit has a directionality according to the characteristics of the ground and is combined in the same direction as the tensile direction. In the state of contact with the ground at the inner periphery of the rock bolt ball, the diameter of curvature expands and deforms widely, so the brace stress expands, or the direction of the end determined by the curved curvature of the anchorage blades forming the disk-shaped rim side of the anchorage is opposite to the tensile direction. In the state of contact with the ground at the inner periphery of the rock bolt ball, the diameter of curvature approaches the central axis of the rock bolt ball and is reduced and deformed. The fixing wings forming the curved circumference of the disk with respect to the tensile force are formed to correspond to the ground in a flexible manner,
The orientation of the fixing blades 114, which form a disk-shaped curved circumference curved in an arc shape, is located in the same direction as the tensile direction in general ground or hard ground, so that the curved circumference is flexibly tensile against the tensile force It is deformed in the opposite direction of the direction, that is, it is arranged so that holding force is formed while gradually expanding from the central axis of the soil nail hole. Due to the phenomenon that the bent circumference approaches the central axis of the sawn nail hole, one side of the anchoring wing in the tensile direction is arranged so that frictional force is formed due to the expansion of the contact area with the ground, and in the complex ground, the direction of the curved anchoring wing is tensile Anchoring force control and ground characteristics characterized in that it is formed to select and assemble the direction of the anchorage blades 114 according to the characteristics of the ground within the anchorage section (F1) so that the directions are mixed in the same direction and in the opposite direction to the anchorage section (F1) A rock bolt assembly that can be customized according to
According to claim 7,
The angle of the anchoring wing 114 having a directivity due to the concave spherical surface formed at the center of the anchoring unit 110 is perpendicular to the central axis of the rock bolt, and is coupled from the center of the anchoring unit to the upper end of the circumference of the anchoring wing 114. A rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting anchoring force and customizing assembly according to ground characteristics, characterized in that the reaching angle is 45 to 70 °.
According to claim 7,
Fixation force control and ground characteristics, characterized in that a plurality of irregularities 300 are further formed on the outer circumferential surface of the arc-shaped anchorage wing 114 of the anchorage unit 110 to increase frictional force when penetrating into the ground in the rock bolt hole R A rock bolt assembly that can be customized according to
According to claim 1,
Coupling holes 402 are formed through the lock bolts so as to be threaded or fitted into the front and rear end side lock bolts of the unit anchoring piece 100 coupled to the rock bolts from the front end side, and at least one separation prevention on the outer periphery. A separation prevention unit 400 formed in a cylindrical shape such that a bolt hole 404 is formed so that the stop bolt 410 is coupled to the separation prevention bolt hole 404 to be fixed in contact with the outer circumference of the rock bolt Characterized in that A rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting anchoring force and customizing assembly according to ground characteristics.
According to claim 1,
The orientation of the anchoring blades 114 forming the rim by the curved disk-shaped anchoring part 110 of the unit anchoring piece 100 is manufactured according to the characteristics of the ground or field assembly by workers according to the site conditions. Installed within the fixing area (F1) of the nail,
In the configuration of anchoring units having the same outer diameter, all anchoring units installed within the anchorage section are arranged in the same direction in either forward or reverse direction, and the entire anchoring unit is divided into halves to face each other in the forward and reverse directions. The parts are sequentially selected in any one of the arrangements in the forward and reverse directions one by one;
In the configuration of two anchoring units with different outer diameter sizes, the larger anchoring unit with the smaller outer diameter is in the order of the larger anchoring unit-small anchoring unit-large anchoring unit-small anchoring unit or small anchoring unit-large anchoring unit-small anchoring unit-large anchoring unit. Arranged consecutively in the same direction in either forward or reverse direction, half of the total number of anchoring units installed are large anchoring units and the rest are small anchoring units. Any one of the arrangements is selected in the selected direction in any one of the forward and reverse directions in the order of a large anchoring unit on the lower side and a small anchoring unit on the upper side;
A continuous arrangement in one direction of the forward and reverse directions of a plurality of fixing units whose outer diameters are sequentially enlarged or reduced in size, or an arrangement in one of the forward and reverse directions of a plurality of irregular fixing units having different outer diameters. A rock bolt assembly capable of adjusting anchoring force and custom-assembling according to ground characteristics, characterized in that any one or two or more combinations are selected and arranged according to site conditions.

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