KR102038340B1 - Ball for managing shoulder joint - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a ball for shoulder joint management.
According to one aspect of the invention, the ball is made of a synthetic resin material having elasticity and used to press or stimulate the muscle or bone around the shoulder joint, a plurality of projections from the ball body surface to the outer surface of the ball body A hollow core ball disposed to cover; And a hollow type to be mounted or detached in a form of wrapping the ball main body of the core ball in close contact, and a plurality of protrusion through holes are formed corresponding to each of the protrusion positions of the core ball so that the protrusion is mounted in the A cover ball configured to penetrate the protrusion through hole to protrude to the outside; and configured to variably set a state in which the protrusion of the core ball presses the user according to whether the cover ball is mounted or removed. Disclosed is a shoulder joint management ball characterized by the above.

Description

Ball for managing shoulder joint

The present invention relates to a shoulder joint management ball, by controlling the movement of the shoulder joint through the ball movement and manage the joints, relax the fascia of the pectoral muscles, subclavian muscles, small muscles, subscapular muscles which are the main muscles causing shoulder pain It relates to a shoulder joint management ball configured to relieve shoulder joint pain by stimulating the clavicle and sternum associated with the shoulder joint and restoring its movement.

Health care techniques using gymnastics or exercise for health management using various assistive devices have been proposed. Among these auxiliary devices, prior art related to the structure or manufacturing method of the auxiliary device in the form of a ball has been proposed.

Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 1998-067332 (published October 15, 1998) relates to a manufacturing method of a health ball, when playing with the ball with aesthetic effect by making a plurality of protrusions in a spherical or oval ball shape. Health Ball is a health ball that can be applied to the human body parts such as palms and chests to obtain health promotion effect by acupuncture stimulation effect. A technique for improving the health promoting effect of the part of the human body contacted by the health ball by the unique action has been proposed.

Republic of Korea Utility Model Registration 20-0209103 (October 21, 2000) is for the health ball, when used as a bedding material to obtain the function of acupressure, ventilation, adsorption, cooling, temperature control and when used as a water purification material Adsorption and water purification were obtained, and a ball was prepared from a mixture of loess and charcoal at an appropriate ratio, and jade particles were embedded on the surface.

Republic of Korea Utility Model No. 20-2010-0003484 (published Mar. 31, 2010) relates to a health ball, which consists of a large number of permanent magnets and natural jade balls in the entire surface between a rubber inner shell and a synthetic resin shell. Insertion (adhesion) to the point of contact with the human body through friction or massage and play wheeze through magnetic force (around 2000 gauss) and the far-infrared radiation of natural jade help the blood circulation of the human body and assist in the healing of symptoms of nervous anxiety and various skin diseases A health ball characterized by Caesar was proposed.

However, the above-described health balls of the prior art are for a simple massage function, and did not provide a specialized pain relief function in consideration of muscle or bone structure of a specific body part.

In particular, due to the lifestyle of modern people who use computers or smartphones for a long time, they take unnatural postures on the shoulder joints for a long time, and as a result, the pain in the shoulder joints has recently increased, and there is a need for a solution for this. It was.

Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 1998-067332 (published 15 October 1998) Korea Utility Model Registration 20-0209103 (October 21, 2000 registration) Republic of Korea public utility model 20-2010-0003484 (released on March 31, 2010)

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, by controlling the movement of the shoulder joint through the ball movement and managing the joints, the major muscles causing shoulder pain, pectoral muscle, subclavian muscle, small muscle, fascia of the scapula The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shoulder joint management ball configured to relax the shoulder joint and stimulate the collarbone and sternum associated with the shoulder joint and restore its movement to relieve shoulder joint pain.

According to one aspect of the present invention, the ball is made of a synthetic resin material having elasticity and used to pressurize or stimulate the muscles or bones around the shoulder joint, having a ball body outer diameter of 7 ± 0.5 cm and 3 ~ 4 mm It is a hollow ball made of PVC material having a ball body thickness of a, wherein a plurality of projections having a height of 5-7 mm from the ball body surface is disposed so as to cover at least 2/3 of the outer surface of the ball body The end of the protrusion has a rounded cone-shaped protrusion configuration, the core ball for the purpose of pressing and stimulating the subscapular muscles; And a hollow type to be mounted or detached in a form of wrapping the ball main body of the core ball in close contact, and a plurality of protrusion through holes are formed corresponding to each of the protrusion positions of the core ball so that the protrusion is mounted in the And a cover ball configured to penetrate the protrusion through hole so as to protrude to the outside. The cover ball may be variably set to press the user according to whether the cover ball is mounted or removed. According to the mounting of the cover ball, the height of the protrusion of the core ball is as low as the height of the protrusion protruding from the surface of the ball body by the thickness of the cover ball, and the core ball is introduced into or inside one side of the cover ball. A cutout portion is formed to be drawn out from the cover bowl, and the cover ball includes: a first hemisphere portion having a first thickness; And a second hemisphere having a thickness different from the first thickness, wherein the protrusion protruding in the direction of any hemisphere of the first hemisphere or the second hemisphere by the user while the cover ball is mounted to the core ball Disclosed is a shoulder joint management ball, which is configured to variably set a state in which the protrusion of the core ball presses the user depending on whether the user presses the user.

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As described above, the present invention controls the movement of the shoulder joint and manages the joint through the ball movement, thereby relaxing the fascia of the pectoral muscle, subclavian muscle, supine muscle, subscapular muscle, which are the main muscles causing shoulder pain, and clavicle associated with the shoulder joint. It also has the advantage of relieving shoulder joint pain by stimulating the sternum and restoring its movement.

In addition, the present invention provides a cover ball that is mounted in the form of wrapping the ball body of the core ball in close contact with the core ball formed with a plurality of projections on the surface of the ball body, the height of the projection of the core ball protruding outside the cover ball By making it possible to adjust, so that users with weak or older physical fitness to adjust the height of the projections to suit your fitness can be used.

1 is a schematic diagram of the shoulder joint management set according to an embodiment of the present invention,
Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first ball constituting the set of shoulder joint management ball according to an embodiment of the present invention,
Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the second ball constituting the set of shoulder joint management ball according to an embodiment of the present invention,
Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the third ball constituting the ball set for shoulder joint management according to an embodiment of the present invention,
5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fourth ball constituting the set of shoulder joint management ball according to an embodiment of the present invention,
Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fifth ball constituting the set of shoulder joint management ball according to an embodiment of the present invention,
Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the shoulder joint management ball marked with a circle for measuring the air pressure according to another embodiment of the present invention,
8 is a schematic front view of a cover ball according to another embodiment of the present invention;
9 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which a core ball is coupled to a cover ball according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 is a front view of the human body for explaining the pain relief exercise position using the shoulder joint management ball of one embodiment of the present invention,
Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the human body back side for explaining the pain relief exercise position using the shoulder joint management ball of an embodiment of the present invention.

The present invention can be embodied in many other forms without departing from the spirit or main features thereof. Therefore, the embodiments of the present invention are merely examples in all respects and should not be interpreted limitedly.

The terms first, second, etc. are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from other components. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the first component may be referred to as the second component, and similarly, the second component may also be referred to as the first component.

When a component is said to be "connected" or "connected" to another component, it may be directly connected or connected to that other component, but there may be other components in between.

As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In the present application, the terms "comprise", "comprise", "have" and the like are intended to express the presence of a component described in the specification or a combination thereof, and indicate the possibility that another component or feature is present or added. It is not excluded in advance.

In the description of the present invention, if it is determined that the detailed description of the related known technology may obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The shoulder joint has the largest range of motion in the human body. If the muscles that move the shoulder joints become smaller, the range of movement of the shoulder joints becomes smaller, resulting in pain or distortion of the shoulder joints, resulting in body shape distortion.

The major muscles surrounding the shoulder joint are the pectoral muscle, the proximal muscle, the subclavian muscle, and the subscapular muscle, and the main skeletal part that affects the shoulder joint movement is the sternum.

The balls of the present invention to release the major muscles constituting the shoulder joint and gently compress the sternum to stimulate the bone joints to ensure a flexible movement, as a result can reduce the pain in the shoulder joint and prevent and correct shoulder distortion To make it work.

The balls of the present invention relieve shoulder joint pain, in particular by relaxing the fascia of the major muscles that make up the shoulder joint.

The fascia is a thin membrane that wraps the muscles. The fascia serves to protect the muscles while maintaining their shape.

Myofascial relaxation therapy was developed by Ida Pauline Rolf (1896-1979), a doctor of biochemistry in the United States, developed and established as a rolling therapy. Fascinating relaxation therapy based on the theory of fascia theory based on anatomical physiology has been accepted as an effective method in physical therapy, rehabilitation, massage, yoga, pilates and exercise programs.

The basic concept of 'fascia theory' is that the fascia, which is distributed throughout the whole body, is connected to one, which continues to have a functionally integrated effect. According to the fascia theory, the shape of the body is maintained by the balance of the tension force caused by the fascia surrounding the entire body, and even if the shape changes with movement, it is restored to the original by the elasticity of the fascia.

Because the muscles and fascia move as one body, damage to the fascia leads to muscle contraction, which causes the joints to narrow or twist, pushing or stimulating blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatic vessels around the joints, causing circulation problems or pain. .

Fascia is a connective tissue composed mainly of collagen and elastin, which are protein components, and has sticky viscosity and elasticity such as elasticity and thixotropy. Thixotropy refers to a property of changing a colloidal material in which small particles are dispersed to a solid state by applying a mechanical force such as pressing or shaking, and solidifying the liquid state when left in a liquid state.

Just as ketchup or mayonnaise with thixotropic properties is left to solidify, the fascia also starts to harden if it is left in motion for some time. If you try to move suddenly while the fascia of the muscle holding the joint is hardened, the joints will be crowded. If this is repeated, the fascia is fixed in a stretched or shortened form, causing muscle deformation, and as a result, the joint area is narrowed, which may lead to disc and musculoskeletal disorders and circulation disorders.

The ball set of the present invention uses the thixotropy property in reverse to relax the hardened fascia. In other words, the mechanical energy generated when pressed deeply and slowly by a soft ball with proper elasticity and pneumatic pressure is transformed into thermal energy in the particle structure, induces a change in the fascia, relaxes the fascia and relieves adhesions, thereby causing joint pain and inflammation. This prevents the functional degradation.

The present inventors use soft rubber balls (synthetic resin rubber balls) as a more detailed and safe tool than human hands by comprehensively considering various orthodontic treatments, body care, massage, exercise therapy, and manual therapy based on long clinical experience and anatomical physiology. By relaxing the fascia, soothing pain in the body, restoring the flexibility of the joints, and corrected the distorted body to increase the natural healing power, based on this focusing point, the ball set of the present invention is conceived Was done.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a schematic diagram of a ball set for shoulder joint management according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The ball set of the present embodiment is made of a synthetic resin material having elasticity and used to press or stimulate the muscles or bones around the shoulder joint. The ball set of the present embodiment includes five kinds of balls of the first to fifth balls B1 to B5.

Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first ball constituting the set of shoulder joint management ball according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The first ball B1 is a hollow ball having an outer diameter OD of 12 ± 0.5 cm and having an air inlet 2, and is used for compressing and stimulating large pectoral muscles.

The pectoral muscles are flat, very powerful muscles covering the front of the chest. It is located in the anterior part of the upper end of the humerus, starting from the inner part of the center of the clavicle, the 6 to 7 ribs of the upper part of the outer edge of the sternum, and the anterior lobe surface of the abdominal muscles.

The first ball B1 has a ball configuration of a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) material having a thickness T of 2 to 3 mm. The thickness of the ball is to consider the irritation to relax the fascia and stimulate the organs deep in the body.

The first ball (B1) is used to stimulate the pectoral muscle (B1 position in Figure 10) constituting the shoulder joint, and gently shakes after compression to induce blood circulation and deep fascia relaxation through breathing.

For example, compression of the pectoral muscle may be achieved by placing the first ball under the B1 position of FIG. 10 in a user's prone position and pressing the ball with the user's weight.

Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the second ball constituting the set of shoulder joint management ball according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The second ball B2 is a hollow ball having an outer diameter OD of 7 ± 0.5 cm and is used for compressing and stimulating the subclavian muscle.

The subclavian muscle is the fine root attached to the lower collarbone starting from the first rib and is controlled by the clavicle.

The second ball B2 has a thickness T of 2 to 3 mm and has a ball configuration of a PVC material having an air pressure of 80 ± 5%. The thickness and air pressure of the ball is to consider the irritation to relax the fascia and stimulate the organs deep in the body.

The second ball B2 is used to restore the movement of the clavicle (B2 position in FIG. 10) constituting the shoulder joint.

For example, in the prone position, the user may place the second ball under the B2 position in FIG. 10 to compress the subclavian muscle using the weight and then gently shake and breathe to increase the movement of the clavicle to increase the movement of the shoulder joint. .

Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the third ball constituting the ball set for shoulder joint management according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The third ball B3 is a solid ball having an outer diameter OD of 7 ± 0.5 cm, and is used for pressing and stimulating the small root.

Sowongeun (小 円 筋) is a muscle that occurs on the outer side of the scapula and runs to the outside of the humerus and attaches to the outside of the humerus (the nodule).

The third ball (B3) is made of a PVC material and consists of a solid solid inside.

The third ball (B3) is for the purpose of releasing together with the surrounding muscles by pressing the small muscles (position B3 in Figure 11) constituting the shoulder joint, it is solid, but at least in the vicinity of the surface to maintain a slightly soft state good.

For example, the user may place the third ball under the B3 position of FIG. 11 in a side lying position and press the ball in the direction of the arrow of FIG.

5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fourth ball constituting the set of shoulder joint management ball according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The fourth ball B4 is a hollow ball having an outer diameter OD of the ball body 10 and 7 ± 0.5 cm, and a plurality of balls H4 having a height H of 5 to 7 mm from the surface of the ball body 10. The ball 12 is a ball disposed so as to cover the outer surface of the ball main body 10, and is a ball for use to press and stimulate the subscapular muscle.

The scapula muscle (肩 甲 下 筋) is a muscle that occurs on the rib surface of the scapula and attaches to the upper front (smelter tube) of the humerus.

The fourth ball (B4) has a ball body 10 thickness T of 3 ~ 4 mm and has a ball configuration of PVC material having an air pressure of 80 ± 5%. In addition, the fourth ball B4 has the protrusions 12 formed to cover two-thirds or more of the outer surface of the ball body 10, and the protrusions 12 have a conical shape having rounded ends. The protrusion 12 has a configuration. The thickness of the ball, the height of the projections, and the air pressure are taken into consideration to stimulate the fascia to relax the fascia and stimulate the organs deep inside the body.

The fourth ball (B4) is used to relax by pressing the subscapular muscles constituting the shoulder joint, in particular can effectively stimulate the muscles using the pressure of the projections.

The fourth ball B3 may be released by squeezing the subscapular muscle (B4 position in FIG. 11) constituting the shoulder joint together with the surrounding muscles.

For example, the user may place the fourth ball under the B4 position in FIG. 11 in the lying position and press the ball using the weight to press the ball and stimulate the scapula muscles to stimulate the ball. Since the subscapular muscles are in a position that is difficult to palpate on the body surface, the fourth ball is configured to further stimulate the stimulus through the projections.

Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fifth ball constituting the set of shoulder joint management ball according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The fifth ball B5 is a hollow ball having an outer diameter OD of 14 ± 0.5 cm and having an air inlet 2, and is used for squeezing and stimulating the sternum.

The sternum is a bone consisting of three parts: plaque, disease, body, and apex in the center of the anterior wall of the rib cage. Place your legs between the ribs to form a rib cage, protecting your lungs and heart.

The fifth ball B5 has a ball configuration of a PVC material having a thickness T of 1 to 2 mm. The thickness of the ball is to consider the irritation to relax the fascia and stimulate the organs deep in the body.

The fifth ball (B5) is used to stimulate the sternum in order to improve the movement of the shoulder joint and improve the function after the muscle stimulation and fascia relaxation by applying the first ball to the fourth ball.

In one example, compression of the sternum may be accomplished by placing the fifth ball under the B5 position of FIG. 10 in a user's prone position and pressing the ball with the user's weight.

On the other hand, the first ball (B1) and the fifth ball (B5) has a hollow ball configuration and the air inlet (2) can be used to increase and decrease the internal air pressure.

The minimum intensity required for a person to respond to a stimulus is called a threshold. The ball of the present invention provides the effect of keeping the pain or body shape drop below the threshold to maintain a comfortable state for daily activities. However, different people have different stamina and thresholds. For example, a weaker or older user may want to use a softer ball (lower air pressure ball), and in consideration of this, it is recommended to use a small amount of air from the inside of the ball through the injector of the air injection pump. good. The ball is in a state of high air pressure and is strong compared to a soft ball, so it has a strong stimulus, so it can be tough for people with weak physical strength.

However, since it is difficult to determine the appropriate ball air pressure only by the user's sense, the present embodiment provides a configuration that can be adjusted by visually measuring the ball internal air pressure.

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the shoulder joint management ball marked with a circle for measuring the air pressure according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The ball of this embodiment is a ball (B1 or B5) made of a synthetic resin material having elasticity and used to pressurize or stimulate the muscles or bones around the shoulder joint, and has a hollow having an air inlet (2). It is formed by the ball of the mold. The ball of this embodiment can be seen to have a ball body configuration similar to the first ball B1 or the fifth ball B5 described above.

In the ball of the present embodiment, the push display point 4 for measuring the air pressure is displayed on the surface of the ball, and at least one concentric circular air pressure measuring circle 40 is displayed around the push display point 4. The internal pressure of the ball can be measured from the size of the area where the ball is deformed while the user pushes the pressing display point 4 with a finger or the like.

Preferably, the air pressure measuring circle 40 is displayed at least two so as to correspond to two or more air pressures, so that the area in which the ball is deformed in the state in which the user presses the push display point 4 is a measurement circle 42 It is configured to enable visually identifiable whether the state adjacent to (44, 46, 48), two or more air pressure measurement.

For example, when the user presses the push display point 4 with a thumb while holding the ball, if the air pressure of the ball is high, less deformation occurs, so that the innermost first measuring circle 42, For example, deformation occurs only in the region inside the air pressure of 80%, but as the air pressure of the ball decreases, more deformation occurs for the same pressing force, so that the second measuring circle (44, eg, 70% of pneumatic pressure) and the third measuring circle (46, e.g., 60% of air pressure) and the deformation area of the ball increases in proportion to the size of the fourth measuring circle (48, e.g., 50% of air pressure). The user can visually identify which measuring circle the deformation area is adjacent to, and indirectly confirms the air pressure, and adjusts the air pressure by injecting or bleeding more air into the ball with the air injection pump.

For example, in this embodiment, the air pressure may be understood as the degree of fullness of air inside the ball. For example, if the air pressure is 100%, it can be seen as a pneumatic state that is difficult to inject any more air in the range that does not cause breakage of the ball when injecting air with the air pump, from the other point of view Deformation can be seen as a difficult state. In the above-described embodiment, when the user presses the push-marking point 4 with a thumb while holding the ball of PVC material, if the deformation of the ball is not substantially achieved, the air pressure may be 100%. .

On the other hand, the fourth ball (B4) described above is arranged to cover the outer surface of the ball body 10, the plurality of protrusions 12 is configured to press and stimulate the subscapular muscles through the protrusions 12.

As described in the embodiment of FIG. 7, users who are weak or have high age may be stimulated with protrusions having a lower height. If the bumps are too high and the pressure is severely transmitted, the irritation becomes so strong that it can be a burden for people with low health. In this embodiment, the protrusion 12 provides a configuration that can variably set the state of pressing the user.

8 is a schematic front view of a cover ball according to another embodiment of the present invention, Figure 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the core ball is coupled to the cover ball according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The ball of this embodiment is made of a synthetic resin material having elasticity and is used to pressurize or stimulate the muscles or bones around the shoulder joint, and a plurality of protrusions 12 are formed from the surface of the ball body 10. The hollow core ball B4 is arrange | positioned so that the outer surface of 10 may be covered. The core ball B4 of the present embodiment can be regarded as having a ball body configuration similar to the fourth ball B4 described above.

The ball of the present embodiment, the ball body 10 of the core ball (B4) is formed in a hollow form to be mounted or detached in a form that wraps close to, the plurality of projection through-hole 112 is the core ball (B4) It further comprises a cover ball 100 is formed corresponding to the position of each protrusion 12 of the protrusion 12 is configured to form a state in which the protrusion 12 penetrates the protrusion through hole 112 to the outside in a mounted state. .

Through this configuration, according to whether the cover ball 100 is mounted or removed, the height of the protrusion of the core ball B4 is reduced by the height TC of the cover ball 100 from the ball body surface. Since the same effect can be obtained, the state in which the protrusion 12 of the said core ball B4 presses a user can be set variably.

Preferably, a cutout 100a is formed at one side of the cover ball 100 to allow the core ball B4 to be introduced into or withdrawn from the inside.

As a modification, the cover ball 100 may have a first hemisphere 101 formed with a first thickness TC1 and a second hemisphere 102 having a thickness TC2 different from the first thickness TC1. It may be configured to include).

In such a configuration, the protrusion protruding in the direction of any hemisphere portion of the first hemisphere portion 101 or the second hemisphere portion 102 while the cover ball 100 is mounted on the core ball B4. It is possible to more variably set the state in which the projection 12 of the core ball B4 presses the user depending on whether or not 12 is used to press the user.

For example, when the user wants to feel the pressing force of the protrusion weakly, the user may press the body with the protrusion protruding toward the thick second hemisphere 102 instead of the thin first hemisphere 101.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many different and obvious modifications are possible without departing from the scope of the invention from this description. Therefore, the scope of the invention should be construed by the claims described to include many such variations.

B1-B5: 1st ball-5th ball
2: air inlet
4: push mark
10: ball body
12: turning
40,42,44,46,48: Circles for measuring air pressure
100: cover ball
101: first hemisphere
102: second hemisphere
100a: incision
112: protrusion through hole

Claims (3)

It is made of elastic synthetic resin material and is used to pressurize or stimulate the muscles or bones around the shoulder joint,
A hollow ball made of PVC material having a ball body outer diameter of 7 ± 0.5 cm and a ball body thickness of 3 to 4 mm, and a plurality of protrusions having a height of 5 to 7 mm from the ball body surface. A core ball disposed so as to cover at least two thirds of an outer surface of the core, the end of the protrusion having a rounded conical protrusion configuration, the core ball for pressing and stimulating the subscapular muscles; And
It is formed in the form of a hollow so as to be in close contact with the ball body of the core ball wrapped or detachable, a plurality of projection through-holes are formed corresponding to each projection position of the core ball so that the projection in the mounting state Including; cover ball configured to penetrate the through hole to protrude to the outside
According to whether the cover ball is mounted or removed, a state in which the protrusion of the core ball presses the user can be set variably, and the height of the protrusion of the core ball is increased by the thickness of the cover ball according to the mounting of the cover ball. The height protruding from the surface of the body is in the same state as lowered
One side of the cover ball is formed with an incision to draw the core ball in or out from the inside,
The cover ball,
A first hemisphere formed in a first thickness,
It is configured to include a second hemisphere having a thickness different from the first thickness,
The protrusion of the core ball may be used by the user depending on whether the projection protruding in the direction of the first hemisphere or the second hemisphere is used to press the user while the cover ball is mounted on the core ball. Shoulder joint management ball, characterized in that configured to variably set the pressing state. delete delete

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