KR102010590B1 - Spindle clamping and unclamping automatic control device and method thereof - Google Patents

Spindle clamping and unclamping automatic control device and method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
KR102010590B1
KR102010590B1 KR1020120151725A KR20120151725A KR102010590B1 KR 102010590 B1 KR102010590 B1 KR 102010590B1 KR 1020120151725 A KR1020120151725 A KR 1020120151725A KR 20120151725 A KR20120151725 A KR 20120151725A KR 102010590 B1 KR102010590 B1 KR 102010590B1
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KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
spindle
spindle motor
motor output
pair
clamping
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KR1020120151725A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20140083097A (en
Inventor
전혜정
홍성달
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두산공작기계 주식회사
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Publication of KR20140083097A publication Critical patent/KR20140083097A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
    • B23Q17/0952—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining
    • B23Q17/0961—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining by measuring power, current or torque of a motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/12—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for securing to a spindle in general

Abstract

According to the present invention, the spindle clamping / unclamping unit and the control unit clamp or unclamp the spindle in real time by adjusting the force for clamping or unclamping the spindle according to the actual output of the spindle. The present invention relates to a spindle clamping / unclamping automatic adjustment device and method for a machine tool capable of improving the machining precision of a workpiece even in various machining environments.

Description

SPINDLE CLAMPING AND UNCLAMPING AUTOMATIC CONTROL DEVICE AND METHOD THEREOF}

The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for automatically adjusting spindle clamping / unclamping of a machine tool, and more particularly, by clamping or unclamping a spindle according to the actual spindle output by a spindle clamping / unclamping unit and a control unit. The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for automatically adjusting spindle clamping / unclamping of a machine tool capable of improving machining accuracy.

Various types of machine tools, including turning centers, machining centers, door-to-door machining centers, swiss turns, electric discharge machines, horizontal NC boring machines and CNC lathes, are widely used for various applications in various industrial fields.

The spindle clamping / unclamping device of a conventional machine tool always clamps the spindle at a constant pressure regardless of the type of the machine tool, the machining depth and shape of the workpiece, or the type of motor used in the machine tool, causing the spindle to vibrate during machining of the workpiece. There was a problem that trembling.

In addition, when the spindle is clamped with too large force or clamped with too small force, vibration of the spindle is generated, thereby reducing the machining precision of the workpiece and generating noise due to vibration.

In order to solve this problem, a spindle clamping / unclamping apparatus of a conventional machine tool clamps a spindle using a hydraulic piston. However, when the spindle is clamped by the hydraulic piston, the spindle can be clamped only in the form of low or high pressure (low and high type clamping), without taking into account the output of the spindle motor that changes in real time during actual machining. As the furnace spindle is clamped, there is still a problem that the machining precision of the workpiece is significantly reduced.

Korean Patent Application No. 10-2000-0066083

The present invention is to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to adjust the spindle in real time by adjusting the force to clamp or unclamp the spindle in accordance with the output of the actual spindle by the spindle clamping / unclamping unit and the control unit An object of the present invention is to provide a spindle clamping / unclamping automatic adjustment device and method for a machine tool which can be clamped or unclamped to improve the machining precision of various machine tools, various types of workpieces, or various machining environments.

In order to achieve the object of the present invention, the present invention provides a machine tool having a spindle driven by a spindle motor, the spindle clamping / unclamping unit; And a control unit, wherein the spindle clamping / unclamping unit comprises: a spindle disk installed to surround an outer circumference of the spindle; A pair of motors for generating a driving force; A pair of power transmission units driven by the pair of motor rotation driving forces; And a pair of clamping members coupled to the pair of power transmission units and performing a linear reciprocating motion opposite to each other in association with driving of the pair of power transmission units, wherein the pair of clamping members comprise the spindle disk. It is arranged to face each other on both sides of, characterized in that each side of each of the clamping member of the pair through the straight reciprocating motion to each other clamping or unclamping one side of the spindle disk.

Further, in another preferred embodiment of the spindle clamping / unclamping automatic adjustment device of the machine tool according to the present invention, the control unit includes a spindle motor output detector for detecting the output of the actual spindle motor; A spindle motor output data storage for storing data on an optimum spindle motor output; A comparison unit comparing the actual spindle motor output detected by the spindle motor output detection unit with the optimum spindle motor output stored in the spindle motor output data storage unit; And a motor control unit controlling the rotational driving amount of the pair of motors according to the result of the comparing unit.

Further, in another preferred embodiment of the spindle clamping / unclamping automatic adjustment device of the machine tool according to the present invention, the spindle clamping / unclamping automatic adjustment device of the machine tool is used when the actual spindle motor output is larger than the optimum spindle motor output. The motor control unit controls the rotational drive amount of the pair of motors so that the pair of clamping members unclamps the spindle disk, or, if the actual spindle motor output is less than the optimum spindle motor output. The rotation control amount of the pair of motors may be controlled by the motor control unit so that the pair of clamping members clamp the spindle disk.

Further, in another preferred embodiment of the spindle clamping / unclamping automatic adjustment device of the machine tool according to the present invention, the pair of motors is a step motor, the pair of clamping members and the pair of power transmission units are racks. It may be in the form of pinion.

In order to achieve another object of the present invention, a spindle clamping / unclamping automatic adjustment method of a machine tool includes detecting an output of an actual spindle motor driven by a spindle motor in a spindle motor output detector; Detecting optimum spindle motor output data by the spindle motor output data storage; Comparing the actual spindle motor output detected by the spindle motor output detector with the optimum spindle motor output stored in the spindle output data storage; Determining whether the actual spindle motor output is equal to the optimum spindle motor output as a result of the comparison; As a result of the comparison, when the actual spindle motor output is not the same as the optimum spindle motor output, controlling the rotational driving amount of the pair of motors in the motor control unit.

Further, in another preferred embodiment of the spindle clamping / unclamping automatic adjustment method of the machine tool according to the present invention, the step of controlling the rotational drive amount of the motor is compared with the actual spindle motor output is greater than the optimum spindle motor output In this case, the motor control unit controls the rotational driving amount of the pair of motors to unclamp the spindle disk, or if the actual spindle motor output is smaller than the optimal spindle motor output, the motor to clamp the spindle disk. Controlling the rotational drive amount of the pair of motor in the control unit; may be further provided.

The spindle clamping / unclamping automatic control device and method of the machine tool according to the present invention compares the actual spindle motor output of the spindle with the optimum spindle motor output in real time, and clamps the spindle through the spindle clamping / unclamping unit and the control unit. Alternatively, there is an effect of improving the machining accuracy of the workpiece by controlling the unclamping pressure.

In addition, the spindle clamping / unclamping automatic adjustment device and method of the machine tool according to the present invention has the effect of improving the productivity of the workpiece by controlling the clamping / unclamping pressure of the spindle in real time to minimize the error occurrence rate of the workpiece .

Moreover, the apparatus and method for automatically adjusting spindle clamping / unclamping of a machine tool according to the present invention minimizes vibrations generated during clamping of a spindle to reduce noise caused by vibration, thereby improving the working environment, thereby improving worker convenience. It can work.

Furthermore, the spindle clamping / unclamping automatic adjustment device and method of the machine tool according to the present invention can be applied to various machine tools, various workpieces, and machine tools used in various processing environments, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost and manufacturing time of the machine tool. It can work.

1 shows a conceptual diagram of a spindle clamping / unclamping automatic adjustment device 100 of a machine tool 1 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 shows a conceptual diagram of the operation principle of the spindle clamping / unclamping unit constituting the automatic control device for the spindle clamping / unclamping of the machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG.
Figure 3 shows a detailed conceptual view of the control unit constituting the automatic device for adjusting the spindle clamping / unclamping of the machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG.
Figure 4 shows a flow chart of a method for automatically adjusting spindle clamping / unclamping of a machine tool according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, in adding reference numerals to components of each drawing, the same components are designated by the same reference numerals.

1 shows a conceptual diagram of a spindle clamping / unclamping automatic adjustment device 100 of a machine tool 1 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 shows a conceptual diagram of the operation principle of the spindle clamping / unclamping unit 10 constituting the automatic spindle clamping / unclamping device 100 of the machine tool according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1. 3 shows a detailed conceptual view of the control unit 20 constituting the spindle clamping / unclamping automatic adjustment device 100 of the machine tool according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG.

1 to 3, a spindle clamping / unclamping automatic adjustment device 100 of a machine tool according to the present invention will be described.

Spindle clamping / unclamping automatic adjustment device 100 of the machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention can be mounted to the machine tool (1).

Although not necessarily limited thereto, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the spindle 3 is driven by the spindle motor 2.

The spindle motor 3 and the spindle 3 are connected by a drive belt. The drive belt receives the rotational power of the spindle motor 3 to rotate the spindle 3.

One end of the spindle 3 is provided with a chuck 4 for gripping the workpiece 5.

The work piece 5 installed in the chuck 4 is processed by the tool 6.

As such, when the workpiece 5 is processed by the tool 6, the spindle 3 can be clamped or unclamped as necessary, and according to the rotational speed of the spindle, the shape of the workpiece and the desired machining shape, and the type of the tool. It is necessary to vary the clamping / unclamping pressure of the spindle 3.

Spindle clamping / unclamping automatic adjustment device 100 of the machine tool according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention consists of a spindle clamping / unclamping unit 10, and a control unit (20). In addition, the spindle clamping / unclamping unit 10 according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a spindle disk 11, a pair of motors 12 and 13, a pair of power transmission units 14 and 15, and It consists of a pair of clamping members 16, 17.

The spindle disc 11 is installed to surround the outer periphery of the spindle 3. This is because the spindle 3 rotates at a high speed and it is difficult to clamp this spindle 3 directly.

The pair of motors 12 and 13 generate a driving force, and the strength of the pressure for clamping the spindle disk 11 varies depending on the driving force.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, but not necessarily limited to this, the pair of motors 12 and 13 may be formed of a step motor.

A pair of power transmission units 14 and 15 are installed in the pair of motors 12 and 13 respectively, and are driven in conjunction with the rotational drive of the pair of motors 12 and 13.

The pair of clamping members 16 and 17 are installed to be coupled to the pair of power transmission units 14 and 15. In addition, the pair of clamping members 16 and 17 perform linear movements opposed to each other in association with driving of the pair of power transmission units 14 and 15.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pair of clamping members 16, 17 are arranged to face each other on both sides of the spindle disk 11, interlocked with the drive of the pair of power transmission units 14, 15. Thus, a linear reciprocating motion is made to face each other, whereby one side of each of the pair of clamping members 16 and 17 can be clamped or unclamped on one side of the spindle disk 11.

1 and 2, a pair of clamping members 16, 17 and a pair of power transmission of the spindle clamping / unclamping automatic adjustment device 100 of a machine tool according to another preferred embodiment of the invention. Units 14 and 15 may be in the form of racks and pinions.

As shown in FIG. 2, when the pair of motors 12, 13 are rotated in opposite directions by the control unit 20, the power transmission unit 14 connected to the pair of motors 12, 13, respectively. , 15) (pinion) will rotate in opposite directions. Thereafter, the pair of clamping members 16 and 17 (racks) connected to the power transmission units 14 and 15 are clamped or unclamped on the spindle disk 11 while making linear movements opposed to each other.

With reference to Figure 2 will be described the clamping or unclamping operation principle.

In order to clamp the spindle disc 11, the motor 12 located on the left side of the control unit 20, more specifically the motor control unit 24 of the control unit 20, which will be described later, rotates clockwise. Then, the power transmission unit 14 connected to the motor 12 located on the left side rotates in a clockwise direction, so that one side of the clamping member 16 clamps the spindle disk 11 to the right side. Linear motion. When the motor 13 located on the left rotates clockwise, the motor 14 located on the right rotates counterclockwise, and the power transmission unit 15 connected to the motor 13 located on the right is half It rotates clockwise, so that one side of the clamping member 17 is linearly moved to the left side to clamp the spindle disk 11.

The unclamping operation of the spindle disk 11 is the reverse of the above-described operation.

Accordingly, the spindle disk 11 is clamped or unclamped at an appropriate pressure in real time, and finally the spindle 3 is clamped or unclamped at an appropriate pressure in real time.

As shown in FIG. 3, according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control unit 20 includes a spindle motor output detector 21, a spindle motor output data storage 22, a comparator 23, and a motor. It consists of a control unit 24.

The spindle motor output detector 21 detects the output of the actual spindle motor 2. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, this actual spindle motor 2 output is calculated in the form of torque in numerical control (NC) and displayed on the operator panel monitor, and this torque value is detected. do.

In the spindle motor output data storage 22, data on the output of the optimum spindle motor 2 of each machine tool 1 is stored. Although not necessarily limited thereto, the data on the output of the optimum spindle motor 2 is automatically set and stored as a torque value according to the output of the spindle motor 2 and the shape of the workpiece. However, if necessary, data of the torque value desired by the operator may be directly stored.

The comparator 23 compares the output of the actual spindle motor detected by the spindle motor output detector 21 with the optimum spindle motor output stored in the spindle motor output data storage 22.

The motor control unit 24 controls the rotational driving amount of the pair of motors 12 and 13 according to the comparison result of the comparison unit 23.

The principle of controlling the rotational driving amount of the pair of motors 12 and 13 according to the comparison result of the comparator 23 in the motor control unit 24 will be described in detail as follows.

When the output of the actual spindle motor is equal to the optimum spindle motor output, the motor control unit 24 maintains the clamping or unclamping state of the current spindle disk 11.

As a result of the comparison of the comparison unit 23 in the motor control unit 24, when the actual spindle motor output is larger than the optimum spindle motor output, the pair of clamping members 16 and 17 clamp the spindle disk 11 to the motor. The controller 24 controls the amount of rotational drive of the pair of motors 12, 13. Thus, as described above with reference to FIGS. 2 and 2, the pair of clamping members 16, 17 linearly moves to clamp the spindle disk 11 to an appropriate pressure, resulting in clamping the spindle 3.

As a result of the comparison of the comparator 23 in the motor control unit 24, if the actual spindle motor output is less than the optimum spindle motor output, the pair of clamping members 16 and 17 may be used to unclamp the spindle disc 11. The motor controller 24 controls the amount of rotational drive of the pair of motors 12, 13. Thus, as described above with respect to FIGS. 2 and 2, the pair of clamping members 16, 17 linearly moves to unclamp the spindle disk 11 at an appropriate pressure, resulting in the unclamping of the spindle 3.

4 is a flow chart of a method for automatically adjusting spindle clamping / unclamping of a machine tool according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to Figure 4 describes a spindle clamping / unclamping automatic adjustment method of the machine tool according to the present invention. Spindle clamping / unclamping automatic adjustment method of the machine tool according to the present invention is the actual spindle motor output detection step (S1), the optimum spindle motor output data detection step (S2), the actual spindle motor output and the optimum spindle motor output comparison step (S3), the actual spindle motor output and the optimum spindle motor output determination step (S4), the rotational drive amount control step (S5) of the motor.

The spindle motor output detector 21 detects the output of the actual spindle motor driven by the spindle motor.

After the actual spindle motor output detection step S1, the optimum spindle motor output data of the machine tool stored in the spindle motor output data storage 22 is detected.

After the optimum spindle motor output data detection step S2, the comparison unit 23 compares the actual spindle motor output detected by the spindle motor output detector 21 with the optimum spindle motor output stored in the spindle output data storage 22. Compare.

After comparing the actual spindle motor output with the optimum spindle motor output step S3, it is determined whether the actual spindle motor output is equal to the optimum spindle motor output according to the comparison result of the comparison unit 23. As a result of the comparison, when the actual spindle motor output and the optimum spindle motor output are the same, the current spindle motor is clamped or unclamped and the real spindle motor output detection step S1 is continued in real time.

As a result of the comparison of the comparison unit 23, when the actual spindle motor output is not the same as the optimum spindle motor output, the motor control unit 24 controls the rotational driving amounts of the pair of motors 12 and 13.

As shown in Figure 4, according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step (S5) of controlling the rotational drive amount of the motor is a comparison result of the comparison unit 23 actual spindle motor output is more than the optimum spindle motor output If large, the motor drive unit 24 controls the amount of rotational drive of the pair of motors 12, 13 to clamp the spindle disk 11 (S5-1). As a result, the pair of clamping members 16 and 17 are linearly moved to clamp the spindle disk 11, and finally the spindle 3 is clamped at an appropriate pressure.

If, as a result of the comparison of the comparison section 23, the actual spindle motor output is less than the optimum spindle motor output, the motor control section 24 of the pair of motors 12, 13 to unclamp the spindle disk 11 The amount of rotation drive is controlled (S5-2). As a result, the pair of clamping members 16 and 17 are linearly moved to unclamp the spindle disk 11, and finally the spindle 3 is unclamped at an appropriate pressure.

As such, the apparatus and method for automatically adjusting spindle clamping / unclamping of a machine tool according to the present invention clamps or unclamps the spindle at an optimum pressure in real time according to the type of machine tool, the state of the workpiece to be machined, thereby improving the machining precision of the workpiece. It is possible to improve and to reduce the noise generated by the vibration of the spindle.

 The above description mainly describes the contents of lathe machine tools, but is not necessarily limited thereto and may be applied to other machine tools.

In addition, the present invention is not limited to the modifications shown in the drawings and the embodiments described above, but may be extended to other embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.

1: machine tool, 2: spindle motor,
3: spindle, 4: chuck,
5: workpiece, 6: tool,
10: spindle clamping / unclamping unit,
11: spindle disk 11, 12, 13 motor,
14, 15: power transmission unit, 16, 17: clamping member,
20: control unit,
21: spindle motor output detection unit,
22: spindle motor output data storage,
23: comparison unit, 24: motor control unit,
100: spindle clamping / unclamping automatic adjustment device,
S1: actual spindle motor output detection step,
S2: optimal spindle motor output data detection step,
S3: comparing the actual spindle motor output with the optimum spindle motor output,
S4: Step of judging whether the actual spindle motor output is equal to the optimum spindle motor output,
S5: step of controlling the rotational drive amount of the motor,
S5-1: controlling the rotational drive amount of the motor to clamp,
S5-2: controlling the rotational drive amount of the motor to unclamp,

Claims (6)

In a machine tool having a spindle driven by a spindle motor,
The spindle clamping / unclamping unit; And
Including; control unit,
The spindle clamping / unclamping unit,
A spindle disk installed to surround the outer circumference of the spindle;
A pair of motors for generating a driving force;
A pair of power transmission units driven by the pair of motor rotation driving forces;
And a pair of clamping members coupled to the pair of power transmission units and performing a linear reciprocating motion opposite to each other in association with driving of the pair of power transmission units.
The pair of clamping members are disposed to face each other on both sides of the spindle disk, and one side of each of the pair of clamping members clamps or freezes one side of the spindle disk through linear reciprocating motions opposed to each other. Clamping,
The control unit,
When the actual spindle motor output is larger than the preset spindle motor output, the pair of clamping members controls the rotational driving amount of the pair of motors to clamp the spindle disk,
If the actual spindle motor output is smaller than the preset spindle motor output, the spindle clamping of the machine tool, characterized in that the pair of clamping members controls the rotational drive amount of the pair of motors to unclamp the spindle disk. Automatic adjustment / unclamping device.

The method of claim 1,
The control unit,
A spindle motor output detector for detecting an output of the actual spindle motor;
A spindle motor output data storage unit storing data about the preset spindle motor output;
A comparison unit comparing the actual spindle motor output detected by the spindle motor output detection unit with a preset spindle motor output stored in the spindle motor output data storage unit; And
And a motor control unit for controlling the rotational drive amount of the pair of motors according to the result of the comparing unit.

delete The method of claim 1,
The pair of motors is a step motor,
And the pair of clamping members and the pair of power transmission units are in the form of racks and pinions. Spindle clamping / unclamping automatic adjustment apparatus for machine tools.

Detecting an output of an actual spindle motor driven by the spindle motor in the spindle motor output detector (S1);
Detecting spindle motor output data preset by the spindle motor output data storage unit (S2);
Comparing the actual spindle motor output detected by the spindle motor output detection unit with a preset spindle motor output stored in the spindle output data storage unit (S3);
Determining whether the actual spindle motor output is equal to a preset spindle motor output (S4) as a result of the comparison; And
And comparing the actual spindle motor output with the preset spindle motor output as a result of the comparison, controlling the rotational driving amount of the pair of motors in the motor control unit (S5).
Controlling the rotational drive amount of the motor (S5),
As a result of comparison, when the actual spindle motor output is larger than the preset spindle motor output, the motor controller controls the rotational driving amount of the pair of motors to clamp the spindle disk (S5-1),
When the actual spindle motor output is smaller than the preset spindle motor output as a result of the comparison, the step of controlling the rotational drive amount of the pair of motors in the motor control unit to unclamp the spindle disk (S5-2); Automatic adjustment of spindle clamping / unclamping of machine tools.

delete
KR1020120151725A 2012-12-24 2012-12-24 Spindle clamping and unclamping automatic control device and method thereof KR102010590B1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20210129478A (en) 2020-04-20 2021-10-28 두산공작기계 주식회사 Spindle clamping apparatus of machine tool
KR20230154555A (en) 2022-05-02 2023-11-09 주식회사 디엔솔루션즈 Spindle apparatus of machine tool

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US5107730A (en) * 1988-09-09 1992-04-28 Yamazaki Mazak Kabushiki Kaisha Workpiece spindle control unit and control method
KR940002205B1 (en) * 1990-12-04 1994-03-19 대우중공업 주식회사 Servo control apparatus by spindle load
KR20000066083A (en) 1999-04-13 2000-11-15 윤종용 Method for managing memory in printer
KR100610119B1 (en) * 2004-12-16 2006-08-09 현대자동차주식회사 Rack driven disk brake appratus

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