KR101965655B1 - Battery module system and driving method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a battery module system (1000) configured to make it possible to connect additional battery modules in a manner of connecting a plurality of battery modules (1100), each of which is composed of a plurality of battery cells, to each other in parallel. Each of the battery modules (100) includes a smart BMS (100) measuring and generating its own charging state information in real time and making mutual communications with other smart BMS (100) to exchange the its own charging information in real time. The smart BMS (100) includes a switching module (155) and through the same, power of the corresponding battery module (1100) is electrically connected to power of the system (1000). Additional individual connection between a power cable and a communication cable is unnecessary for communication between a slave BMS and a master BMS as in the conventional art. In addition, the present invention prevents forced balancing or current run-away phenomena caused by a potential difference between battery packs previously connected as in the conventional art.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a battery module system,

In the present invention, a plurality of battery modules each composed of a plurality of battery cells electrically connected to each other are connected in parallel to each other so that balancing operation is automatically performed on a battery module to be added in a further expandable battery module system, and a power source is connected to the system The present invention relates to a battery module system which is free and easy to further expand the battery module.

The present invention also relates to a driving method for adding a battery module in the battery module system.

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a secondary battery that can be charged and discharged, such as a lithium ion battery, and has an electrical characteristic such as a high energy density, is required to have a high output power required for application to an energy storage system (ESS) Are electrically connected to each other as a plurality of unit cells.

Such a unit cell generally includes components such as a positive electrode and a negative electrode current collector, a separator, an active material, and an electrolytic solution, and is capable of repeated charge and discharge by an electrochemical reaction therebetween. Such a unit cell, or a battery, constitutes one battery pack as a plurality of interconnected assemblies, and these battery packs are typically interconnected to form a single battery module system as a whole.

In the battery module system, the physical state of these cells or battery packs senses their voltage, current and temperature through sensors attached to each battery pack, and based on this data, a so-called Battery Management System (" BMS ") monitors and controls the condition of the cell or battery pack. The BMS can be used for various purposes such as, for example, power supply control for a driving load of each battery pack, measurement of electric characteristic values of current and voltage, charge / discharge control, equalization control of voltage for reducing voltage difference between cells, "SOC").

Such a BMS is generally designed as a master BMS and a so-called master-slave BMS system, which is separately constituted by a plurality of slave BMSs attached to a battery pack and mainly sensing its state. In general, the sensing measurement function is performed by a plurality of slave BMSs, and the control and calculation estimation functions are performed such that the master BMS receives data sensed from the slave BMSs and controls the battery module system based on the received data . FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a conventional battery module system, which will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

In the conventional battery module system 10 shown in Fig. 1, a plurality of battery packs 13 constituted by a plurality of batteries or unit cells 14 are mounted in the system and connected in parallel with each other. Each of the slave BMSs 12 is electrically connected to the plurality of battery packs 13 to constitute a battery module 16 and measures the state (for example, voltage, current, and temperature) of the battery 14 do. The slave BMS 12 transmits the status data to the master BMS 11 and the master BMS 11 controls each battery 14 based on the status data. One example of related prior art is disclosed in Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2012-0037163.

However, in such a system, since the master BMS 11 and the plurality of slave BMSs 12 are individually located on independent circuit boards and directly connected to each other directly, the larger the system capacity, the more slave boards and more wires Cables are required. Also, the larger the system capacity required, for example, for use as an energy storage device (ESS) for an electric power plant or an electric truck, the more a plurality of battery packs must be additionally expanded and connected. In addition, each of the power packs and the communication cables for communication between the slave BMS and the master BMS must be additionally connected to the electric terminals for charging and discharging in the battery packs.

In addition, when any one of the battery packs extended to the system is in a discharged state or the voltage is out of the normal range, forcible balancing due to a smoothing action occurs, and when there is a large potential difference between them, Resulting in deterioration of the battery.

Therefore, in order to prevent such risks, the user must manually check the open-circuit voltage of each battery pack to check the charge state before mounting the battery pack in the system, and after the battery pack is charged outside from the normal range To be used. This operation is cumbersome and time consuming, and even when connected to the system, the accuracy of the voltage state of the battery pack is degraded, which causes control problems.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a battery module system and a driving method thereof for further expansion of a battery pack, in which further expansion of the battery pack is free and easy without causing the above-described problems to occur.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a battery module including a plurality of battery modules, each battery module including a plurality of battery cells electrically connected to each other in parallel, System, wherein the battery module includes a smart BMS that measures and generates its own charging status information in real time. The smart BMS includes a switching module that communicates with other smart BMSs to exchange their own charging status information in real time, and includes a power switching stage and a balancing switching stage connected in parallel with each other, The power source is configured to be electrically connected to the power source of the battery module system through the switching module. The smart BMS of the additional battery module is in communication with each smart BMS of one or more battery modules already connected to the battery module system to recognize the balancing voltage range of the battery module system and perform the following operations:

Wherein the smart BMS of the further battery module is configured to deactivate the power switching stage of the switching module and activate the balancing switching stage when the charging state of the additional battery module is not within the balancing voltage range, The battery module system and the battery module system are connected to each other by a battery module system and the additional battery module, Balancing the voltage of the additional battery module within the balancing voltage range by flowing in one direction between the modules;

The smart BMS of the additional battery module activates the power switching node of the switching module and deactivates the balancing switching node when the charging state of the additional battery module is within the balancing voltage range, And the power of the module is electrically connected to the power supply of the battery module system through the power switching terminal.

Wherein the smoothing current flows from the battery module system to the additional battery module if the charge state of the additional battery module is less than the balancing voltage range and the charge state of the additional battery module is less than the balancing voltage range The smoothing current flows from the additional battery module to the battery module system and the smoothed current flows until the voltages of the battery module system and the additional battery module are in equilibrium with each other.

Optionally, the power switching stage includes first switching means, and the balancing switching stage may comprise a first resistor and a second switching means connected in series with the first resistor.

Optionally, the first switching means and the second switching means may be configured as relays.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a battery pack comprising: a plurality of battery modules, each battery module being electrically connected to each other in parallel; Each of which includes a smart BMS for measuring and generating its own charging status information in real time, the method comprising:

The smart BMS communicating with other smart BMSs to exchange their own charging status information in real time;

The smart BMS of the additional battery module communicates with each smart BMS of one or more battery modules already connected to the battery module system to provide a balancing voltage of the battery module system Recognizing a range;

The smart BMS of the additional battery module is configured to shut off the electrical connection between the power source of the additional battery module and the power source of the battery module system when the charging state of the additional battery module is not within the balancing voltage range, Balancing a voltage of said additional battery module within said balancing voltage range by causing a smoothing current generated by a potential difference between said module system and said additional battery module to flow in either direction between said battery module system and said additional battery module, Wow;

The smart BMS of the additional battery module electrically connecting the power of the additional battery module to the power of the battery module system when the charging state of the additional battery module is within the balancing voltage range.

In the present invention, a battery module added as an extension of the system is automatically checked for charging status and balancing, and if necessary, balancing is automatically performed and connected to the system. Therefore, there is no need to separately connect the power cable and the communication cable for communication between the slave BMS and the master BMS as in the prior art, and there is no need for forced balancing or current runaway due to the potential difference with the battery packs Is prevented. In addition, when the battery module is additionally connected, the charging state of the battery module to be manually added by the user is checked, and since it is not necessary to mount the battery module in the reference voltage range through external charging, and to mount and connect the battery module, Is correct.

1 is a block diagram of a conventional battery module system.
FIG. 2 shows a schematic structure of such a smart BMS 100 in one embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a schematic block diagram of a battery module system 1000 configured by connecting a plurality of battery modules 1100 in parallel with each other according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4A is a circuit diagram of the switching module 155 according to the present invention.
4B is a schematic circuit diagram of a battery module system 1000 according to the present invention in which a plurality of battery modules 1100 are connected in parallel, which is shown centering on the switching module 155 of FIG. 4A.
5A to 5C illustrate a process of connecting the battery module 1100 to the system 1000 of the present invention through the switching module 155 of FIG. 4A according to the present invention.
5A is a circuit diagram of a state prior to mounting and connecting an additional battery module 1100 to the system 1000;
5B is a circuit diagram of a state in which a precharge operation occurs when the state of charge of the additional battery module 1100 connected to the system 1000 is out of a predetermined balancing voltage range;
5C shows a state where the power of the additional battery module 1100 is connected to the system 1000 when the charging state of the additional battery module 1100 connected to the system 1000 is within a predetermined balancing voltage range, Is a circuit diagram of this allowed state.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a process of connecting the battery module 1100 to the system 1000 of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 5a to 5c.
7 is a diagram illustrating a variation of the potential difference between the battery module 1100 and the existing battery module 1100 connected to the system 1000 as a result of the balancing of the additional battery module 1100 according to the pre- Shown data and graphs.

The present invention relates to a battery module system in which a plurality of battery modules each constituted by a plurality of battery cells electrically connected to each other are connected in parallel to each other so that the battery module to be added can be automatically balanced according to its charging state, The time balancing operation is automatically performed and its power source is connected to the system power source, thereby providing a battery module system that is free and easy to further expand the battery module.

In the present invention, in order to prevent various problems occurring in connecting a battery module in a battery module system in which a plurality of battery modules are electrically connected to each other as described above, the following three requirements have been considered:

- the battery module must operate in a single state;

- the detachment of the battery module into the battery module system should be free;

- Damage to one battery module should not affect the operation of the system.

However, prior art systems such as Fig. 1 can not be applied to meet the above requirements. That is, a specific master BMS (Master Battery Management System) 10 board which manages the battery module system externally as in the conventional system, or a BMS board 20 of any battery module as a master or a hardware The method can not effectively meet the above requirements. In this case, not only the BMS board 20 must be converted to the master BMS board in hardware at every time of attaching / detaching to / from the corresponding battery module system, and the master function must be transferred to the corresponding BMS board 20 Which is difficult and complicated. This is not only difficult to implement, but also is very inefficient and uneconomical since it must be performed every time the battery module is removed or removed.

As a result, when the battery module is additionally connected to the system as an extension of the system, the conventional system manually checks the charging state of the battery module to be added by the user and if charging is not in the balancing voltage range of the system, It is only necessary to fit the system to the balancing voltage range and then connect and connect to the system.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention has been made keeping in mind the above problems occurring in the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a system and an apparatus for automatically balancing when an additional battery module is installed, Called real-time module for real-time monitoring and sharing. Such an active module can monitor various electrical characteristics such as voltage and current between each other, and by combining with and controlling a specific switching module to be described later, the battery module, which is once installed as a system, Its charge state is automatically adjusted first.

That is, before the power of the battery module to be added as an extension of the system is electrically connected to the power supply of the system, the charging state of the additional battery module is set to the balancing voltage range of the system (i.e., Beyond the average voltage range of the modules), its power is only normally connected to the system power supply after balancing the additional battery module. All of these operations in the present invention are performed automatically by the active module and the switching module.

In the present invention, the active module senses the charging state of its voltage, current, etc. through a sensor attached to each battery module in real time, exchanges and shares the data through communication with other battery modules, Lt; / RTI >

The smart BMS is connected to each of a plurality of battery modules that are connected in parallel with each other to constitute a battery module system. The smart BMS is connected to each of the plurality of battery modules and transmits status data of the corresponding battery module (e.g., electrical characteristic values such as voltage and current of the battery pack, Such as the state of charge (" SOC ") and the state of health (" SOH") of the battery module, as well as sensing data In real time, and monitors such charge state information and communicates with each other through communication. Additionally, each smart BMS optionally may store therein the information collected and exchanged with the generated and generated information.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic structure of such a smart BMS 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a battery module system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention, Each of the battery modules 1100 includes a battery pack 300 and the smart BMS 100 of FIG. 2 connected to the battery pack 300. Referring to FIG.

2 and 3, the smart BMS 100 according to the present invention is electrically connected to each battery pack 300 formed by stacking a plurality of battery cells 320 electrically connected to each other, ). 3, a plurality of such battery modules 1100 are connected in parallel to constitute an entire battery module system 1000 (hereinafter referred to as a "battery module system" or simply a "system"), As described above, the smart BMS 100 of each battery module 1100 monitors the charging status information of the corresponding battery module in real time and exchanges the charging status information through communication between them.

2, the smart BMS 100 generally includes a sensing unit 124, a microcontroller unit (MCU) 122, a power supply unit 125, a communication unit 126, a storage unit 127, An interface unit 140, and a cell balancing unit 150, and may further include a protection circuit unit 128.

The sensing unit 124 transmits the sensed data obtained by measuring the current and voltage of the battery pack 300, the voltage and temperature of each battery cell 320, and / or the ambient temperature to the MCU 122. For this purpose, the sensing unit 124 may include a conventional analogue-digital converter (ADC) for converting the measured analog data into digital data. The sensing unit 124 may be connected to a sensor unit 200 including a current sensor that measures the output current of the battery pack 300 and outputs the measured current to the sensing unit 124.

Also, the MCU 122 collects the sensed data transmitted from the sensing unit 124 in real time, generates charge status information, and controls the battery module 1100 based on the sensed data.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the smart BMSs 100 of the battery modules 1100 communicate with each other to exchange their charge state information, thereby monitoring each other. That is, as described above, each Smart BMS 100 prepares the charging state information about its own state including voltage and current level data in its MCU 122 in real time, (130) to another smart BMS (100), and also exchanges their charging state information by receiving them. The storage unit 140 of each smart BMS 100 may store and update the charging status information of the other smart BMS 100 together with the ID of the corresponding smart BMS 100. In the present invention, this storage unit 140 may be a conventional volatile or non-volatile memory.

The communication unit 126 of the smart BMS 100 performs communication with external devices and communication with other smart BMSs 100 via the interface unit 140. [ In addition, the communication unit 126 may use conventional RS232 / RS485 communication and / or CAN (Controller Area Network) communication.

In addition, the protection circuit unit 128 prevents the battery cell from being broken or faulted by blocking the circuit when overcharge, over-discharge, over-current or short-circuit state of the battery is detected. For example, according to the voltage state of the battery, the protection circuit 117 may control the over voltage protection (OVP), the under voltage protection (UVP), the over temperature protection (OTP) protection, short circuit protection (SCP), and the like.

In addition, in the present invention, one of the plurality of smart BMSs 100 may be programmed to be automatically selected to perform a master function arbitrarily, and the master function smart BMS 100 thus selected may be programmed to be received from the remaining smart BMSs 100 It controls overall system based on all data. Alternatively, as an embodiment, a user may manually intervene through an externally connected switching element (e.g., a dip switch) to manually select any master function smart BMS 100. With this. The remaining smart BMSs 100 exchange and store and update the charging status information data with each other, and transmit the updated charging status information data to the selected master function smart BMS 100 in real time. Based on the data transmitted from the remaining smart BMSs 100, the master-function smart BMS 100 performs power supply control, charge / discharge control, and smoothing control of the inter-cell voltage, for example, And controls the entire system.

In particular, in the present invention, the cell balancing unit 150 of FIG. 2 is connected to the battery module 1100 to perform a voltage smoothing operation. As shown in FIG. 4A, the cell balancing unit 150 includes a power switching unit A, (B) are connected in parallel with each other. The switching module 155 selectively connects the power switching stage A and the balancing switching stage 150 according to the charging state of the corresponding battery module 1100 before the corresponding battery module 1100 is connected to the system 1000 and operates normally. (B) are activated or deactivated, respectively, so that the battery module 1100 performs cell balancing as required. Hereinafter, the operation of the switching module 155 will be described in detail.

4A shows a configuration of the switching module 155 according to the present invention. FIG. 4B shows the switching module 155 shown in FIG. 4A as a center for convenience, and a plurality of battery modules 1100 are connected in parallel Which is a schematic diagram of a battery module system 1000 according to the present invention.

Referring to FIGS. 4A and 4B, a battery module 1100 connected to the battery module system 1000 of the present invention is electrically connected through a switching module 155. The negative terminal of the battery pack 300 of the battery module 1100 is connected to the negative system power cable 400 of the system 1000 and the positive terminal of the battery pack 300 is connected to the cell of the smart BMS 100 And is connected to the (+) system power cable 400 through the switching module 155 of the balancing unit 150.

4A, in the present invention, the power supply switching stage A and the balancing switching stage B are connected in parallel to each other, and the power supply switching stage A is connected to a power supply And a relay S1. The balancing switching stage B includes a balancing relay S2 and a current control resistor R connected in series.

The power of the battery module 1100 to be added through the switching module 155 in the present invention is connected to the system 1000 so that the charged state of the battery module 1100 is first charged to within the balancing voltage range of the system 1000 (I. E., Within an average voltage range of battery modules 1100 that are already connected to the system 1000 and are operating normally), and, depending on the result, the additional battery module < (1100) performs balancing operation or normal operation. In the present invention, this balancing operation is performed by controlling the switching module 155 of the added battery module 1100 so that the balancing operation can be performed in a smoother state by mutual flow of currents depending on the potential difference between the system 1000 and the additional battery module 1100 Lt; / RTI > This will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 5A to 5C and FIG.

5A to 5C illustrate a process of connecting the battery module 1100 to the system 1000 of the present invention through the switching module 155 of FIG. 4A according to the present invention. FIG. 5B shows a state before the battery module 1100 'is mounted and connected. FIG. 5B shows a state where the precharge operation occurs when the state of charge of the additional battery module 1100' connected to the system 1000 is out of a predetermined balancing voltage range And FIG. 5C is a diagram illustrating a state where the power of the additional battery module 1100 'is connected to the system 1000 when the charging state of the additional battery module 1100' connected to the system 1000 is within a predetermined balancing voltage range, Respectively, in the normal state. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a process of connecting an additional battery module 1100 'to the system 1000 of the present invention as shown in FIGS. 5A to 5C in the present invention.

5a, the power source of the additional battery module 1100 'is directly connected to the system 1000 through the power source relay S1 thereof. In the present invention, the additional battery module 1100' is connected to the system power cable 400, The smart BMS 100 of the additional battery module 1100 'is connected to the electric circuit of the additional battery module 1100' via the sensing unit 124 in a state in which the power relay S1 thereof is turned off, Including the voltage level of the battery pack 300, through communication with another battery module 1100 already connected to the system 1000, and from this, a predetermined balancing voltage range is set on the system 1000 Based on this, it is determined whether or not to balance itself (S610).

At this time, when the smart BMS 100 in the additional battery module 1100 'determines that the charging status of the smart BMS 100 is out of the predetermined balancing voltage range (S620), the smart BMS 100 controls its switching module 155 The balancing operation by the current flow according to the potential difference between the system 1000 and the additional battery module 1100 'is performed automatically as described above.

That is, if the smart BMS 100 of the additional battery module 1100 'determines that the charging result of the communication result itself is below the predetermined balancing voltage range (S620), as shown in FIG. 5B, The power supply relay S1 of the battery module 155 is turned off and the balancing relay S2 is turned on so that a current flow is generated in the system 1000 due to the smoothing operation due to the potential difference with the adjacent battery modules 1100, (B6) of the additional battery module 1100 'to the battery pack 300 to charge the battery pack 300 having a low potential to the balancing voltage range (S640) . This balancing operation lasts until the voltages of the system 1000 and the additional battery module 1100 'are in equilibrium with each other.

Conversely, if the smart BMS 100 of the additional battery module 1100 determines that the charging result of the communication result exceeds the predetermined balancing voltage range (S620) The balancing operation is automatically performed by turning off the power relay S1 of the balancing relay S2 and turning on the balancing relay S2 (S640). In other words, although not shown in the drawing, in this case, the current flows due to the smoothing operation due to the potential difference between the additional battery module 1100 and the additional battery module 1100, 'To the system 1000 until the voltage of the additional battery module 1100' is in equilibrium with the system 1000.

The smart BMS 100 of the additional battery module 1100 'may be configured such that the charging result of the communication result itself is within a predetermined balancing voltage range, or the charging of the battery pack 300 as a result of the balancing operation The balancing relay S2 of the switching module 155 is turned off and the power relay S1 is turned off as shown in Figure 5C, The current flows from the battery pack 300 to the power source of the system 1000 so as to operate normally (S630).

7 is a diagram illustrating a result of balancing of the additional battery module 1100 'according to the pre-charging operation of FIG. 5B according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a change in potential difference between the battery module 1100 and the existing battery module 1100 connected to the system 1000, And FIG.

As described above, in the present invention, when it is determined that the charging state of the additional battery module 1100 'is less than the predetermined balancing voltage range when the additional battery module 1100' is connected to the system 1000, The smart BMS 100 of the smart BMS 100 of the smart BMS 100 controls its switching module 155 to allow the current flow to flow to the battery pack 300 according to the potential difference between itself and the system 1000, .

Due to this balancing operation, as shown in the graphs (a) to (c) at the right end of FIG. 7, as time passes, the battery module 1100 ' ) Converges gradually to 0V. Then, the power of the additional battery module 1100 thus balanced is automatically connected to the system 1000 as shown in FIG.

As described above, in the present invention, a plurality of battery modules are connected in parallel to form a further expandable battery module system, and each smart BMS connected to each of the battery modules independently provides charge state information of the corresponding battery module Sensing and communicating with each other through communication.

In the present invention, the power source of each battery module 1100 is connected to the system 1000 through a switching module 155 having a power switching stage A and a balancing switching stage B connected in parallel to each other.

In addition, when the battery module 1100 'is additionally connected to the system 1000 as an extension of the system in the present invention, before the power of the additional battery module 1100' is electrically connected to the system 1000, The smart BMS 100 of the additional battery module 1100'displays the power switching stage A of the switching module 155 is deactivated when the charging state of the additional battery module is out of the balancing voltage range of the system 1000 The balancing switching stage B is activated to smooth the system 1000 and the additional battery module 1100 'by the smoothing operation according to the potential difference between the additional battery module 1100' and the battery module 1100, 1100 'so that the charging voltage of the additional battery module 1100' is within the corresponding balancing voltage range.

The smart BMS 100 of the additional battery module 1100 may be configured such that if the charging state of the additional battery module is within the balancing voltage range of the system 1000, then the power of the additional battery module 1100 is supplied to the switching module The power switching terminal A of the additional battery module 1100 is activated and the balancing switching terminal B is deactivated so that the power of the additional battery module 1100 is electrically connected to the system 1000 and supplies the charging voltage thereto do.

Therefore, according to the present invention, there is no need to additionally connect the power cable and the communication cable for communication between the slave BMS and the master BMS in the battery modules added as an extension of the system, The forced balancing or the current runaway phenomenon due to the potential difference with the battery packs existing in the battery pack is prevented. In addition, when the battery module is additionally connected, the charging state of the battery module to be manually added by the user is checked, and it is not necessary to mount the battery module in the balancing voltage range through charging from the outside and to mount and connect the battery module. Is correct.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications, additions and substitutions are possible, without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as disclosed in the accompanying claims. And the like are to be regarded as belonging to the claims. For example, although the switching module 155 is included in the cell balancing unit 150 in the smart BMS 100, the switching module 155 is not limited to the cell balancing unit 150, May be formed to be electrically connected to the smart BMS 100 as the same or independent board board as the smart BMS 100, as is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art.

The present invention relates to a battery module system and a method of controlling the same. The battery module system includes a plurality of battery modules, The present invention relates to a sensing device and a method of controlling the same, and more particularly, to a sensing device, a sensing device, A: power supply switching stage B: balancing switching stage B: S1: power supply relay S2: balancing relay R:

Claims (5)

There is provided a battery module system configured such that a plurality of battery modules each composed of a plurality of battery cells electrically connected to each other are connected in parallel to each other and one or more additional battery modules composed of a plurality of battery cells electrically connected to each other can be electrically connected ,
Wherein the battery module includes a smart BMS for measuring charging status of each of the battery modules in real time to generate charging status information, wherein the smart BMS communicates with the other smart BMSs, Exchanged and stored,
Wherein the smart BMS comprises a switching module including a power switching stage and a balancing switching stage connected in parallel to each other, the power source of the battery module being electrically connected to the power source of the battery module system through the switching module,
Wherein the smart BMS of the additional battery module communicates with one or more smart BMSs of the plurality of battery modules already connected to the battery module system to receive the charging status information of the plurality of battery modules, Recognizing the average voltage range of the plurality of battery modules obtained from the state information as a balancing voltage range of the battery module system,
Wherein the smart BMS of the additional battery module deactivates the power switching stage of its own switching module and activates the balancing switching stage when the charging state of the additional battery module is out of the balancing voltage range, Wherein a smoothing current due to a potential difference between the module system and the additional battery module flows in one direction between the battery module system and the additional battery module through the balancing switching stage to change the voltage of the additional battery module to the balancing voltage Balancing within range,
Wherein the smart BMS of the additional battery module activates the power switching node of its switching module and deactivates the balancing switching stage when the charging state of the additional battery module is within the balancing voltage range, And the power source of the battery module of the battery module system is electrically connected to the power source of the battery module system through the power source switching terminal. The method according to claim 1,
The smoothing current flows from the battery module system to the additional battery module if the charge state of the additional battery module is below the balancing voltage range and the charge state of the additional battery module exceeds the balancing voltage range The smoothing current flows from the additional battery module to the battery module system and the smoothed current flows until the voltages of the battery module system and the additional battery module are in equilibrium with each other. system. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the power switching stage comprises a first switching means and the balancing switching stage comprises a first resistor and a second switching means connected in series to the first resistor. The method of claim 3,
Wherein the first switching means and the second switching means are relays. A plurality of battery modules each composed of a plurality of battery cells electrically connected to each other are connected in parallel to each other and at least one further battery module composed of a plurality of battery cells electrically connected to each other is electrically connected to the battery module, And a smart BMS for measuring and generating charging status information of the battery module in real time, the method comprising:
Wherein the smart BMS communicates with another smart BMS to exchange the charging status information of the smart BMS in real time with each other;
Wherein the smart BMS of the additional battery module communicates with at least one smart BMS of the plurality of battery modules already connected to the battery module system when the additional battery module is connected to the battery module system, Receiving the charge status information, obtaining an average voltage range of the plurality of battery modules from the received charge status information, and recognizing the average voltage range as a balancing voltage range of the battery module system;
Wherein the smart BMS of the additional battery module is configured such that a smoothing current generated by a potential difference between the battery module system and the additional battery module is greater than a smoothing current generated by the battery module system and the additional battery module when the charging state of the additional battery module is out of the balancing voltage range. Balancing the voltage of the additional battery module within the balancing voltage range by flowing in one direction between the modules;
The smart BMS of the additional battery module includes electrically connecting the power of the additional battery module to the power source of the battery module system when the charging state of the additional battery module is within the balancing voltage range Wherein the battery module is a battery module.

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