KR101944897B1 - Apparatus for measuring interpenetration depth and pile with the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus for measuring an interpenetration depth to measure an interpenetration installation depth of a pile installed to be interpenetrated on the sea bed or a ground surface, wherein the apparatus comprises a plurality of measurement modules installed in a predetermined distance on an external surface or an internal surface of the pile. The measurement modules comprise: an optical fiber installed along a longitudinal direction of the pile; and a fixing plate attached to an external surface or an internal surface of the pile and installed in a predetermined distance in the optical fiber to fixate the optical fiber to the pile. Therefore, the measurement modules are installed in a predetermined distance along a longitudinal direction of the pile, and are damaged or broken in order by being in contact with the sea bed or a ground surface to measure a change in a light amount outputted from the optical fiber. Therefore, an interpenetration depth of the pile can be measured.

Description

[0001] APPARATUS FOR MEASURING INTERPENETRATION DEPTH AND PILE WITH THE SAME [0002]

The present invention relates to a penetration depth measuring apparatus, and more particularly, to a penetration depth measuring apparatus for measuring the depth of a penetration depth of a file applied to an offshore structure or the like, and a file to which the penetration depth measuring apparatus is applied.

Fixed offshore wind turbines installed in coastal areas should be designed in a robust structure against marine environmental loads such as wind, tide, and waves since wind turbines should be installed in excellent sea areas. do.

The offshore wind turbine is important in the design of offshore wind turbine bases and support structures, which are different parts of offshore wind turbines.

1 is a block diagram of a conventional offshore wind turbine generator.

As shown in FIG. 1, an offshore wind turbine includes a tower, a transition piece, a substructure, and a foundation.

The transition piece connects the tower and the lower structure. The transition piece may be classified into a monopile, a jacket, a tripod, a dolphin, and the like depending on the type of the lower structure.

Such a transition piece frequently causes installation, maintenance, inspection work and the like due to the connection of the tower and the lower structure. Also, due to the discontinuous connection structure, the structural damage may occur when an excessive marine environment load is applied.

For example, the following Patent Documents 1 to 3 disclose an example of a marine structure including an offshore wind power generator, a method of constructing a steel pipe pile applied thereto, and a supporting device technique.

In the past, in the course of installing an offshore wind power generator, there have been problems such as noise, vibration, and pseudo-similarity by installing columns of a lower structure in a hovering manner.

To solve these problems, recently, a bucket was installed on the ridge topography of the seabed, and a suction bucket type in which the water in the bucket was sucked by the water pump to leave only the soil was developed.

In the case of applying the suction bucket system, the remaining soil inside the bucket functions as a support for the wind tower, thereby reducing construction cost and time, and eliminating problems such as noise, vibration, can do.

Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1289821 (issued on July 26, 2013) Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1055327 (issued on August 9, 2011) Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1206960 (Notice of November 30, 2012)

Generally, when installing an offshore wind power generator, the columns of the substructure are installed at a depth of about 10 m or more, for example, 12 to 15 m from the sea floor.

However, there has been no method for directly measuring the installation depth of the file installed on the sea floor in the construction process of the offshore wind turbine according to the prior art.

In other words, conventionally, there has been a problem in that the depth of the file can not be measured accurately by measuring the depth to the sea floor and calculating the depth at which the file is installed by calculating the distance between the sea bottom and the file top in the entire length of the file .

Therefore, it is required to develop a technology that can accurately measure the depth at which a file is installed when an offshore structure including an offshore wind turbine or a land construction is constructed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a penetration depth measurement apparatus capable of measuring a depth through which a file applied to an offshore structure or the like is installed.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a penetration depth measuring apparatus and a file to which the depth of penetration depth measurement can be accurately measured by using an optical fiber and an optical fiber grating sensor.

Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a penetration depth measuring apparatus and a file to which the penetration depth measuring apparatus and the file are applied, by which the strain applied to the file can be measured and the life of the file can be predicted using the measured result.

In order to achieve the above object, a penetration depth measuring apparatus according to the present invention is a device for measuring penetration depth of a pile installed on a sea floor or a ground, Wherein the measurement module includes an optical fiber installed along the longitudinal direction of the file and a fixing plate attached to an outer surface or an inner surface of the file and installed at a predetermined interval in the optical fiber to fix the optical fiber to the file .

In order to achieve the above object, a file to which the penetration depth measuring apparatus according to the present invention is applied includes a plurality of measurement modules installed on the outer surface or the inner surface at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction, It is possible to measure the penetration depth.

As described above, according to the intrusion depth measuring apparatus and the file to which the present invention is applied, a plurality of measurement modules are installed at regular intervals along the longitudinal direction of the file, and the measurement modules are sequentially It is possible to measure the intrusion depth of the file by measuring the change in the amount of light output from the optical fiber.

According to the present invention, it is possible to measure the intrusion depth of a file by using a wavelength change output from a plurality of optical fiber grating sensors provided at predetermined intervals in the optical fiber.

Thus, according to the present invention, it is possible to accurately measure the penetration depth of the file, improve the precision of the measurement result, increase the workability, and reduce the working time.

According to the present invention, by additionally providing a strain sensor to a file, it is possible to measure the strain of the file due to the impact applied to the file and monitor it in real time when installing the file by the hovering method.

In addition, according to the present invention, after a file is installed by applying a suction method or a hunting method, the strain of a file is measured by a typhoon or a tsunami and is monitored in real time, and the life of the file is predicted by using the measured strain An effect of being able to be obtained is obtained.

1 is a configuration diagram of a conventional offshore wind turbine generator,
2 is a block diagram of a file having a penetration depth measuring apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the penetration depth measuring apparatus shown in FIG. 2,
4 is a perspective view showing the rear surface of the fixing plate shown in Fig. 3,
5 is an enlarged view of the release plate,
6 is an enlarged view of a penetration depth measuring apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention,
7 is an enlarged view of a penetration depth measuring apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a penetration depth measuring apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present invention is not necessarily limited thereto. The present invention can be applied to a variety of applications such as an offshore wind turbine generator or a variety of systems in which a lower structure such as a drill rig is fixedly installed on the sea floor It should be noted that it is applicable to measure the depth of penetration of a file applied to an offshore structure in form and use.

It should be noted that the present invention can be applied not only to offshore structures but also to the depth of penetration installation of piles of buildings built on the land.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a file having a penetration depth measuring apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the penetration depth measuring apparatus shown in FIG.

Hereinafter, terms indicating directions such as 'left', 'right', 'forward', 'rearward', 'upward' and 'downward' are defined as indicating respective directions based on the states shown in the respective drawings do.

2, a penetration depth measuring apparatus 10 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a file 11 installed on an undersurface or a ground (hereinafter, referred to as "undersurface" And a plurality of measurement modules 20 installed at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction of the housing 11.

The file 11 may be formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The present invention can be applied to a file provided in a polygonal column or a polygonal cylinder having various shapes such as a square shape or a hexagonal shape.

2 and 3, each measurement module 20 is attached to the outer surface of the optical fiber 30 and the file 11 installed along the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber 11, And a fixing plate 40 for fixing the optical fiber.

The measurement module 20 may further include an escape plate 50 for separating the measurement module 20 from the pile 11 when the measurement module 20 is inserted into the seabed surface, .

Here, the interval between the measurement modules 20 can be variously changed according to the length of the file 11 and the depth to which the file is to be installed.

For example, the spacing between each measurement module 20 may be set at about 10 cm or 20 cm, or at 1 m intervals.

Of course, the present invention can improve the accuracy of the penetration depth measurement result by narrowing the interval between the measurement modules.

The optical fiber 30 is an optical fiber provided with a core to which a glass having a high refractive index is applied at a central portion and a cladding is provided to use a glass having a low refractive index at an outer portion of the core so that light passing through the center glass is totally reflected.

Such an optical fiber 30 has a merit that the energy loss is very low and the loss rate of data to be transmitted and received is low and is hardly influenced by the outside.

On the other hand, when the optical fiber 30 is deformed due to external vibration or impact, the amount of light decreases as the output of the optical pulse is lost relative to the inputted optical pulse.

Accordingly, the present invention provides an optical fiber in which an optical fiber is provided on an outer surface of a file, an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) is installed on one end of the optical fiber, and a light pulse is incident on the optical fiber, By analyzing the distance distribution of light quantity, it is possible to measure the penetration depth of the file by measuring the distance to the breakage point of the damaged optical fiber by contact with the sea floor.

In the meantime, according to the present invention, the optical fiber 30 disposed between the respective fixing plates 40 is rolled up a plurality of times to increase the total length of the optical fiber 30, so that the penetration depth measurement value using the optical fiber 30 The accuracy can be further improved.

Next, the structure of the measurement module will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5. FIG.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing the rear surface of the fixing plate shown in Fig. 3, and Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of the release plate.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the fixing plate 40 may be formed to have a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape with a length greater than the width of the right and left sides.

An installation space 41 in which the optical fiber 30 is installed is formed on the rear surface of the fixing plate 40 to have a width larger than the width of the optical fiber and an upper end and a lower end of the installation space 41, A fixing groove 42 for fixing and inserting the fixing member 42 may be formed.

A fixing member 43 may be coupled to each of the fixing grooves 42 to fix the optical fiber 30 to maintain a preset tension in a state where the upper and lower ends of the optical fiber 30 are inserted.

The rear surface of the fixing plate 40 may be stepped to be contactable with the vertical portion 51 of the release plate 50 to be described below.

That is, the upper surface of the rear surface of the fixing plate 40 is thicker than the lower surface, and the step 44 is formed at the center of the rear surface of the fixing plate 40.

The stationary plate 40 is stably supported by the release plate 50 in the normal state as the step 44 is caught on the upper end of the vertical portion 51 of the release plate 50, It may be damaged or damaged by receiving force to move upward from the plate 50.

In the present embodiment, the optical fiber 30 is disposed along the longitudinal direction of the pile 11, and a plurality of measurement modules (not shown) including the fixed plate 40 and the separation plate 50 20, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the optical fiber grating sensor 31 is installed at a predetermined interval in the optical fiber 30, and the optical fiber grating sensor 31 is installed in the installation space 41 inside each of the fixing plates 40 31) may be arranged.

Accordingly, the present invention can measure the intrusion depth of a file by using a change in the wavelength output from the optical fiber grating sensor due to damage or breakage of the release plate and the fixing plate provided at the contact point in contact with the sea floor.

The fixing plate 40 may be made of a synthetic resin material such as plastic so that it can be easily damaged or damaged when it comes into contact with the sea floor.

3 and 5, the release plate 50 has a vertical portion 51 provided on the outer surface of the pile 11 and a lower portion of the vertical portion 51 provided on the outer surface of the pile 11 so as to have a substantially L- And a horizontal portion 52 bent toward the front.

As described above, according to the present invention, by constituting the release plate using the vertical portion and the horizontal portion, it is possible to accurately measure the depth of penetration of the file by easily separating the release plate from the file when the bottom surface and the release plate are in contact with each other.

A coupling hole 53 may be formed at the rear end of the horizontal portion 52 to connect a lower end portion of the fixing plate 40 provided on the outer surface of the pile 11.

The optical fiber 30 and the fixing plate 40 are installed on the outer surface of the optical fiber 30 in the vertical portion 51 so that the optical fiber 30 and the optical fiber 30 The mounting groove 54 may be formed so as to communicate with the rear end of the engaging hole 53 with a larger width than the diameter of the engaging hole 53. [

The release plate 50 may be made of a metal material having rigidity higher than a predetermined strength so as to maintain the shape so as to be subjected to external vibration or impact.

6 is an enlarged view of a penetration depth measuring apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The measurement module 20 applied to the penetration depth measurement apparatus 10 according to another embodiment of the present invention is similar to the configuration of the measurement module 20 described above with reference to FIG. 3, as shown in FIG. 6, But it may be modified to have the buoyant body 55 on the release plate 50.

Here, the shape and size of the buoyant body 55 can be variously changed according to the size of the release plate 50. [

As described above, according to the present invention, the buoyant body having a specific gravity smaller than that of water such as styrofoam is provided on the release plate, so that buoyancy can be provided to the measurement module detached from the pile by contacting with the sea floor to float quickly.

Accordingly, the present invention can prevent the measurement module, which is separated between the underside surface and the measurement module attached to the file, from being caught, thereby improving the measurement accuracy.

7 is an enlarged view of a penetration depth measuring apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The penetration depth measurement apparatus 10 according to another embodiment of the present invention is similar to the configuration of the penetration depth measurement apparatus 10 described above with reference to FIG. 2, as shown in FIG. 7, And a reference plate 60 provided below the measurement module 20 installed at the lowermost end of the measurement module 20.

The reference plate 60 may be installed at right angles to the outer surface of the pile 11 so as to be arranged side by side with the sea floor.

To this end, a pair of flanges 61 that are in contact with the outer surface of the pile 11 are formed at both ends of the reference plate 60, and a pair of flanges 61 are formed by using an attaching member 62 such as a magnet Can be detachably attached to the outer surface of the file (11).

As described above, in the present invention, the reference plate having a cross-sectional area larger than that of the measurement module or the separation plate can be provided at the lowermost end of the penetration depth measurement apparatus and can be quickly released from the reference plate and the lowermost measurement module upon contact with the sea floor.

Accordingly, the present invention can easily confirm the point of time of first contact with the sea floor, and prevent a measurement error that occurs when the measurement module is not detached while being deformed upon contact with the sea floor.

Next, a method and an operation method of a penetration depth measuring apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

First, the operator places the fixing plate 40 at predetermined intervals in the long extended optical fiber 30.

At this time, the optical fiber 30 may be provided with a plurality of optical fiber grating sensors 32 at predetermined intervals.

The optical fiber 30 is disposed in an installation space 41 formed on the rear surface of the fixing plate 40 and inserted into the fixing groove 42 formed at the upper and lower ends of the rear surface of the fixing plate 40, The optical fiber 30 is fixed to the fixing plate 40 by engaging the fixing member 43 with the fixing member 43. [

The optical fibers 30 provided with the fixing plates 40 are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the piles 11 and the fixing plates 40 are sequentially attached to the outer surface of the piles 11 by using an adhesive.

In this manner, the release plate 50 is disposed at the front lower portion of each fixing plate 40 in a state where the optical fiber 30 and the fixing plate 40 are attached to the pile 11. [

The operator inserts the optical fiber 30 extending under the fixing plate 40 into the mounting groove 54 formed in the vertical portion 51 of the release plate 50. Then, Then, the fixing plate 40 is moved upward to engage the fixing plate 40 and the release plate 50.

At this time, the release plate 50 can be moved up and coupled until the upper end of the vertical portion 51 comes into contact with the step 44 formed on the rear surface of the fixing plate 40.

A part of the lower end of the fixing plate 40 is engaged with the engaging hole 53 formed in the horizontal portion 52 of the releasing plate 50 and protrudes to the lower portion of the releasing plate 50. [

The fixing plate 40 and the releasing plate 50 may be adhered to the rear surface of the lower end of the fixing plate 40 and the front surface of the vertical portion 51 of the releasing plate 50, respectively.

When the installation of each measurement module 20 is completed through the above process, the piles 11 can be vertically arranged on the sea floor, and can be installed on the seabed surface in the form of a propulsion type or a suction bucket type.

During the intrusion installation process of the file 11, a plurality of measurement modules 20 installed on the file 11 are sequentially damaged or damaged while being in contact with the sea floor.

The optical fiber tester for inputting the optical pulses to the optical fiber 30 is capable of measuring a change in the amount of light output through the optical fiber 30 or a change in wavelength of the optical pulse output from the optical fiber grating sensor 31, The distance from the break point of the measurement module 20 can be measured.

According to the present invention, a plurality of measurement modules are installed on the outer circumferential surface of the file at regular intervals, and the measurement modules are sequentially damaged or broken due to contact with the sea floor or the ground, You can measure the penetration depth of a file by measuring changes.

Also, the present invention can measure the intrusion depth of a file by using a wavelength change output from a plurality of fiber grating sensors installed at predetermined intervals in the optical fiber.

Although the invention made by the present inventors has been described concretely with reference to the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and it goes without saying that various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

That is, in the above-described embodiments, a file applied to a lower structure of an offshore wind power generator has been described. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the present invention may be applied to a structure in which an underwater structure such as a drill ship, It can be changed to be applicable to the measurement of the penetration depth of a file applied to various types and uses of offshore structures and onshore structures.

In the above embodiment, the measurement module is installed on the outer surface of the file. However, the present invention can be modified to install the measurement module on the inner surface of the file.

Further, the present invention can be modified to further provide a strain sensor on the outer surface or the inner surface of the file.

The strain sensor may be installed on the sea floor or above the interface with the ground to calculate the depth to install the file on the sea floor or the ground.

Such a strain sensor can be applied to the optical fiber lattice strain sensor described in Patent Registration Nos. 10-0935984 and 10-2013-0103872 filed by the present inventor.

Of course, the present invention can be applied to strain sensors of various structures and systems in addition to the above-described optical fiber grating strain sensor.

As described above, according to the present invention, strain sensors are additionally provided in a file, so that strain of a file due to an impact applied to the file can be measured and installed in real time when the file is installed by the hovering method.

In addition, the present invention can measure a strain of a file due to a typhoon or a tsunami after installing a file by applying a suction method, a hunting method, etc., and monitor it in real time, and estimate the life of the file by using the measured strain .

The present invention is applied to a technique for measuring the depth at which a file of an offshore structure or a land structure is installed on a bottom surface or a ground surface.

10: Penetration depth measuring device
20: Measurement module 30: Optical fiber
31: Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor 40: Fixing Plate
41: installation space 42: fixing groove
43: fixing member 44: step
50: release plate 51:
52: horizontal portion 53: engaging hole
54: mounting groove 55: buoyancy member
60: reference plate 61: flange
62: attachment member

Claims (10)

1. A penetration depth measuring apparatus for measuring a penetration depth of a pile installed on a sea floor or a ground surface,
And a plurality of measurement modules installed at predetermined intervals on an outer surface or an inner surface of the file,
The measurement module may include an optical fiber installed along the longitudinal direction of the file,
A fixing plate attached to an outer surface or an inner surface of the optical fiber and installed at predetermined intervals in the optical fiber to fix the optical fiber to a file,
And an escape plate for separating the measurement module from the file due to breakage or damage due to contact or collision with the sea floor or the ground. delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the fixing plate is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape,
A mounting space for mounting the optical fiber is formed on the rear surface of the fixing plate,
Wherein the upper and lower ends of the installation space are respectively formed with fixing grooves for inserting and fixing the upper and lower ends of the optical fiber, respectively. The method of claim 3,
The release plate may include a vertical portion provided on an outer surface or an inner surface of the pile so as to have an L shape in section,
And a horizontal portion bent at a lower end of the vertical portion. 5. The method of claim 4,
A coupling hole is formed at the rear end of the horizontal portion, to which a lower end portion of the fixing plate installed on the outer surface or the inner surface of the file is coupled,
Wherein the vertical portion is formed so that an installation groove into which the optical fiber is inserted communicates with the coupling hole so that the release plate can be installed in a state where the optical fiber and the fixing plate are installed on the outer surface or the inner surface of the file. . 5. The method of claim 4,
A step is formed on the rear surface of the fixed plate so as to be supported by the vertical portion of the release plate,
Wherein the fixing plate receives a force to move upward from the release plate when the release plate is in contact with the bottom surface or the ground, and is damaged or broken. The method according to claim 1,
An optical fiber tester for applying optical pulses is connected to one end of the optical fiber,
The optical fiber tester analyzes the distance distribution of the amount of light reflected at each point in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber and measures the depth of the file by measuring the distance from the bottom surface to the breakage point of the damaged optical fiber by contact with the ground Wherein the penetration depth measuring device is a penetration depth measuring device. The method according to claim 1,
The optical fiber is provided with an optical fiber grating sensor at predetermined intervals,
An optical fiber tester for applying optical pulses is connected to one end of the optical fiber,
The optical fiber tester measures a penetration depth of a pile using a change in wavelength outputted from the fiber grating sensor due to damage or breakage of the release plate and the fixing plate provided at a contact point at the time of contact with the sea floor or the ground, Depth measuring device. A method of measuring a depth of a measurement module installed on an outer surface or an inner surface of the measuring module, the measuring module being installed at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction, A file with a penetration depth measurement device feasible. 10. The method of claim 9,
Further comprising a strain sensor for measuring the strain of the file,
The strain sensor is installed above the bottom surface of the seabed surface or the ground based on the depth to be installed on the sea floor or the ground,
The control unit measures the strain of the file due to an impact applied to the file during the installation of the file using the wavelength change of the strain sensor, monitors the strain in real time,
A file is installed by a suction method or a hunting method, the strain of the file is measured by a typhoon or a tsunami, and the file is monitored in real time, and the lifetime of the file is predicted by using the measured strain. Applied file.

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