KR101836363B1 - Caisson structure, installation method there of and breakwater - Google Patents
Caisson structure, installation method there of and breakwater Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR101836363B1 KR101836363B1 KR1020160012517A KR20160012517A KR101836363B1 KR 101836363 B1 KR101836363 B1 KR 101836363B1 KR 1020160012517 A KR1020160012517 A KR 1020160012517A KR 20160012517 A KR20160012517 A KR 20160012517A KR 101836363 B1 KR101836363 B1 KR 101836363B1
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- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- caisson
- interlocking
- supporting member
- load supporting
- load
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009408 flooring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D23/00—Caissons; Construction or placing of caissons
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D23/00—Caissons; Construction or placing of caissons
- E02D23/16—Jointing caissons to the foundation soil, specially to uneven foundation soil
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D25/00—Joining caissons, sinkers, or other units to each other under water
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2250/00—Production methods
- E02D2250/0061—Production methods for working underwater
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
In the present invention, when a caisson provided with an opening chamber is used to interlock the caisson structure with a filler material having a stony shape, a load supporting member capable of converting a frictional resistance to a shear stress generated in the interlocking filler material into a compression resistance is provided, To a caisson structure capable of preventing the breaking of the locking from occurring.
In the present invention, the interlocking filling material is filled in a state where at least one load supporting member is disposed in the vicinity of the center of the space of the connection room of the caisson, the interlocking filling material is kept in a state where the interlocking filling materials are not integrated with each other, Are disposed in the connection chamber so as to close at least a surface parallel to the arrangement direction of the two adjacent caisses.
Description
The present invention relates to a caisson, and more particularly, to a caisson provided with an opening chamber, in which a caisson structure is filled with a quartz in an open chamber, and a load supporting member capable of converting a frictional resistance against a shear force generated in the quartz to a compression resistance To prevent the breakage of the interlocking from occurring.
The caisson in the harbor is a large concrete structure constructed in box form and installed on the sea floor. It is mainly used as a structure for main body such as breakwaters and quay walls, and is used to fill the interior with sand or stones. The caisson is a harbor structure that rests its own load against external forces to ensure stability. The caisson is constructed in such a manner that it is mounted side by side along the longitudinal direction of the area in which the port structure is to be constructed.
The resistance of the caisson to external forces is due to the load of the caisson itself. Therefore, the larger the caisson, the greater the resistance to external force. Therefore, by providing a compartment in the cabin, mounting the caisson on the mound, and filling the compartment in the cabin compartment with a filler, the load of the caisson is increased.
However, the external force acting on the caisson is not uniform in energy distribution in the width direction, but energy is concentrated at a specific position. For example, in the case of a breakwater, the waves are obliquely incident to the direction of the breakwater, not perpendicular to the normal direction of the breakwater, so that the maximum energy is concentrated at a specific location. In the case of a quay wall, Loads etc. are concentrated at specific locations. Therefore, when designing a caisson, the design is not based on the predicted average external energy, but assuming that energy is concentrated at a specific location, a cross section that is resistant to the entire section where the port structure is installed I will design a caisson. However, this is a design method that does not consider a small section of the external force acting on it, so that the cross section of the caisson becomes larger than the actual one. If the cross section of the caisson increases, the construction cost per unit length increases, The cost increases and the optimized design becomes impossible.
In order to solve this problem, active research has been actively conducted on a structure for smoothing the load by interposing caissons installed adjacent to each other on both sides to tighten the caissons. However, There are two ways to make the two adjacent caisses coalesce together by putting a concrete block or concrete into it, making the adjoining caisson connect to the cable, And a method of installing and bonding them together have been attempted.
However, in the method of interlocking the caissons, when the interlocking is performed due to the behavior of the specific caisson, the rigid bodies collide with each other and the caisson portion is damaged. This phenomenon occurs frequently, especially when the interlocking part of the caisson does not respond flexibly to the horizontal behavior of the caisson and the uneven settlement.
As a method of interlocking in recent years, it has been recognized that the interlocking of a caisson can be performed by friction resistance between sandstones as a method of interlocking in recent years, Research is underway.
The stones that are filled in the interlocking portion exhibit the interlocking effect by the frictional force due to the internal friction angle between the stones. However, filler materials such as sandstone have a porosity of about 40% and become compressive. Therefore, when a load larger than the frictional resistance of the filler stones is applied to the individual caissons, the caisson behaves and horizontal displacement occurs. For example, according to a research article titled "Comparison of Shear Behavior Characteristics of Acrylic Aggregate by Large Direct Shear Test and Large Triaxial Test" (author Dae Soo Kim, Kyungil Il, and Oh Seung), shear deformation The experimental results show that the shear stress reaches the maximum value when the direction of the force is 8% or more. Therefore, assuming that the cross-section of the caisson is 10 m, it means that horizontal displacement of about 80 cm occurs due to shear deformation. Generally, when the caisson is mounted, the spacing between the adjacent caissons is about 10 to 20 cm. When the above-mentioned horizontal displacement occurs, such a gap widens as a result, the inner stones flow out to the outside, The interlocking effect of the caisson disappears, and the structure eventually destroys.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to overcome the above-described problems of the prior art, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing a filler, which comprises a filler filled in an interlocking space and a caisson connecting one or more load- A compressive load is applied to the filler material between the caisson and the load-supporting member when the caisson tries to move, thereby acting as a distribution load on the load-bearing member, so that the activity resistance of the filler is not a frictional resistance It is possible to prevent the connected caisses from being displaced from each other by shifting to the compression resistance and to prevent the caisson from being damaged by transferring the load dispersed with the distribution load reliably to the caisson by the load supporting member, Which can enhance the stability of port structures, and its construction method, and And an object thereof is to provide a harbor structure using the same.
As a solution to the above problems, the present invention provides a caisson structure constructed with a caisson having side open open chambers at both ends thereof, wherein the open chambers of two neighboring caissons are opposed to each other, Wherein the inner space of the connection chamber is filled with an interlocking filler and at least one load supporting member is disposed in the vicinity of the center of the connection room inner space, Wherein the interlocking filling material is filled with an interlocking filling material, and the load supporting member is provided with at least a surface parallel to the array direction of the two adjacent caissons in the connecting room Wherein the caisson structure comprises a plurality of cavities.
In the above-mentioned caisson structure, the load supporting members are provided with facing portions facing the side surfaces of the two caissons facing each other.
In the caisson structure, the load supporting member may include support line portions that support at least two mutually spaced apart sides of the two caissons facing each other.
In the caisson structure, the load supporting members are hooked on protrusions formed on respective side surfaces of the two caissons facing each other.
In the caisson structure, the load supporting member has a hollow portion, and the hollow portion is filled with a filler.
The present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a cement, comprising the steps of: preparing a caisson having side open side openings at both ends thereof; installing a cement stone on the underside surface; transferring the prepared cement to the cement mound; The method comprising the steps of: preparing a connection chamber in which a fillet material for interlocking in a stalactite form can be filled between two neighboring caissons by mounting the open chambers facing each other; Filling the interlocking filler material in the connecting chamber with the load supporting member being disposed and filling the compartment of the caisson case with a filler material; When the interlocking filler materials are not integrated with each other, the upper concrete is placed on the caisson PL provides the construction of a caisson structure method comprising the steps:
The present invention also provides a harbor structure including the caisson structure, and a harbor structure constructed by the construction method of the caisson structure.
According to the present invention, since the frictional resistance is converted into the compression resistance by the load supporting member, the activity resistance of the caisson interlocked by the slag filler can be further increased.
Further, since the frictional resistance is converted into the compression resistance, the load is distributed to the wall portion of the caisson to be interlocked, so that the stability of the caisson can be further improved.
Also, due to the effect of the present invention, the effect predicted by the constitution of the present invention should be recognized as an effect of the present invention even if not described directly herein.
1 is a perspective view showing a caisson and a load supporting member according to the present invention,
2 is a perspective view showing a state in which a load supporting member is installed in a caisson structure according to the present invention,
3 is a plan view showing a change in resistance acting on a filler before and after a load member is installed on a caisson structure according to the present invention,
4 to 9 are views showing various embodiments of the load supporting member according to the present invention, and Figs.
10 to 14 are views showing a method of constructing a caisson structure according to the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
It is to be understood, however, that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. shall.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a caisson and a load supporting member according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state in which a load supporting member is installed in a caisson structure according to the present invention, and FIG. This is a top view showing the change in resistance acting on the filler before and after installation.
The
Unlike the above-described
As an example of such a modification, a larger horn is formed between the side of the caisson and the protruding member provided on the front and back sides of the caisson (which is about half the length of the compartment, but not limited thereto) Respectively. In addition, a projecting
When the caissons are mounted side by side, the distance between two adjacent caissons has a tolerance of about 10 cm to 20 cm. Therefore, the
On the other hand, in the illustrated embodiment, the open chamber is of a shape without a bottom portion. According to the structure in which the bottom portion of the opening chamber is not provided, the filling material filled in the connecting chamber formed by facing the opening chamber directly touches the mound provided on the sea floor. Therefore, if the connecting seam formed by the caisson is filled with stones having the same or similar size as that of the mound, there is no possibility that the stones of the connecting room leak out through the gap between the caissons or the mound, A considerable level of frictional coefficient (for example, about 0.8) is generated between the rocks. In this way, even if there is no bottom part in the open chamber, the burr filled in the open chamber contributes to increase the caisson resistance ability against the external force.
Thus, a caisson having open chambers on both sides is economical in terms of less material compared to a general caisson having the same length. That is, by forming one coupling chamber by facing the open chamber, one coupling chamber per caisson can be constituted as compared with the conventional caisson. Of course, the walls that make up both sides of the caisson can also be made thinner than a conventional caisson. This is possible because the filling material filled in the
When the stones are filled in the connecting
In addition to the above features, the present invention has a technical idea in that a
In a state where a load supporting member is not provided in the direction shown in the central portion of the connection chamber filled with stones, when more external force is applied to any one of the neighboring caissons (the center caisson in Fig. 3) Shear stress is generated in the sandstone filled in the connecting
In view of this point, the present invention can eliminate this concern by placing the load-supporting
4 to 9 are views showing various embodiments of the load supporting member according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 shows a state in which two
FIG. 5 shows a state in which two
FIG. 6 shows a state in which two
The
The
The
As described above, various types of
On the other hand, such a
FIGS. 10 to 14 are views sequentially showing a construction method of a caisson structure according to the present invention.
The construction method of the caisson structure according to the present invention is as follows.
First, the
Next, as shown in FIG. 11, the
Then, as shown in FIG. 12, after the stony mound is installed, the caisson that has been stowed is lifted and installed on the mound. At this time, the opening
Next, as shown in Fig. 13, a
Finally, as shown in FIG. 14, the backside of the caisson is backfilled with the
The caisson structure is constructed by such a construction method, and the completed port structure is interlocked between the adjacent caissons by the interlocking filler material. Since no concrete or mortar is laid in the connection room filled with sandstone, When the load is large enough to move one of the caissons, the load is properly distributed to the distribution load by the filler in the connection room. Therefore, the load is concentrated on the fragile part of the unexpected caisson, In addition, since the shearing force acting on the interlocking filling material is surely converted into the compressive force by the load supporting member, the phenomenon that the interlocking state is broken due to the pushing force of the filling material engaged with each other can be reliably prevented.
That is, the caisson structure of the present invention is remarkable in that the filler material can be maintained in a state in which the filler material is not integrated with the interlocking filler material in an unified state, and the stability thereof can be further enhanced.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description of the present invention are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. It is obvious that it is necessary to reach the technical idea of "
10: Caisson 12: Opening room
14: connection chamber 16: projection
17: box 19: compartment
20: load supporting member 22:
24: support line portion 26: hollow portion
30: Flooring concrete 50: Mound
70: filling material for interlocking 90: compartment filling material
Claims (8)
The opening chambers of the two neighboring caissons are opposed to each other so that a connecting chamber is formed between the adjacent two caissons so that the quartz-shaped interlocking filler material can be filled, and the interlocking filling material is filled in the inner space of the connecting chamber A filler for interlocking is filled in a state where at least one load supporting member is disposed in the vicinity of the center of the connection chamber interior space,
Wherein the interlocking filler is installed in a state where the interlocking filler is not integrated with each other,
Wherein the load supporting member blocks at least a side of the connecting chamber which is parallel to the arranging direction of the two adjacent caisses,
The interlocking filler material is kept in an unified state continuously,
Wherein said load-bearing members are not constrained in their movement in at least a longitudinal direction with respect to the sides of said two caissons facing each other.
Wherein the load-bearing member has a facing portion facing a side of each of the two caissons facing each other.
Wherein the load supporting member has a support line portion supporting at least two mutually spaced apart sides of the two caissons facing each other.
Wherein the load supporting member has a hollow portion,
Wherein the hollow portion is filled with a filler material.
Installing a rock mound on the sea floor,
The prepared caisson is transferred to the stony mound, and the opening chambers of the two neighboring caissons are opposed to each other to mount a connecting chamber in which a fillet material for interlocking in a stalactite form can be filled between two neighboring caissons,
Wherein at least one of the two adjacent caisses is provided in the vicinity of the center of the space in the connection chamber so as to be parallel to the direction in which the two adjacent caisses are arranged, Disposing a load supporting member of a load-
Filling the interlocking filler in the connecting chamber in a state where the load supporting member is disposed and filling the compartment of the caisson case with a filling material, and
The method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of: providing an upper level concrete on the caisson in a state where the interlocking filler materials filled in the connection chamber are not integrated with each other; and maintaining the uninterrupted state of the interlocking filler material continuously Construction method of caisson structure.
Priority Applications (1)
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KR1020160012517A KR101836363B1 (en) | 2016-02-01 | 2016-02-01 | Caisson structure, installation method there of and breakwater |
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KR1020160012517A KR101836363B1 (en) | 2016-02-01 | 2016-02-01 | Caisson structure, installation method there of and breakwater |
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KR20170091463A KR20170091463A (en) | 2017-08-09 |
KR101836363B1 true KR101836363B1 (en) | 2018-03-08 |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR102020977B1 (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-09-11 | 주식회사 항도엔지니어링 | Interlocking caisson providing restraint effect to filler |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111456066B (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2021-08-03 | 中铁大桥勘测设计院集团有限公司 | Self-correcting open caisson and correcting method thereof |
KR102478778B1 (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-12-16 | 강태욱 | Integrated structure and its manufacturing method by block assemble type caisson construction method using round bar anchor |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2013019132A (en) * | 2011-07-08 | 2013-01-31 | Toyo Constr Co Ltd | Breakwater |
KR101452176B1 (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2014-10-22 | 신광건설(주) | Under Water, Reinforced Concrete Structures gland water ways and reinforcing structures |
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2016
- 2016-02-01 KR KR1020160012517A patent/KR101836363B1/en active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2013019132A (en) * | 2011-07-08 | 2013-01-31 | Toyo Constr Co Ltd | Breakwater |
KR101452176B1 (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2014-10-22 | 신광건설(주) | Under Water, Reinforced Concrete Structures gland water ways and reinforcing structures |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR102020977B1 (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-09-11 | 주식회사 항도엔지니어링 | Interlocking caisson providing restraint effect to filler |
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