KR101836361B1 - Exhaust-gas turbocharger - Google Patents

Exhaust-gas turbocharger Download PDF

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Publication number
KR101836361B1
KR101836361B1 KR1020137004075A KR20137004075A KR101836361B1 KR 101836361 B1 KR101836361 B1 KR 101836361B1 KR 1020137004075 A KR1020137004075 A KR 1020137004075A KR 20137004075 A KR20137004075 A KR 20137004075A KR 101836361 B1 KR101836361 B1 KR 101836361B1
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South Korea
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oil
accumulator
line
inflow line
gas turbocharger
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KR1020137004075A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20130142998A (en
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실비오 코흐
안드레아스 호그
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보르그워너 인코퍼레이티드
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/16—Arrangement of bearings; Supporting or mounting bearings in casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/18—Lubricating arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
    • F02B39/14—Lubrication of pumps; Safety measures therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
    • F02C6/04—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output
    • F02C6/10—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output supplying working fluid to a user, e.g. a chemical process, which returns working fluid to a turbine of the plant
    • F02C6/12—Turbochargers, i.e. plants for augmenting mechanical power output of internal-combustion piston engines by increase of charge pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명은, 압축기 휠(3) 및 터빈 휠(4)이 배치된 샤프트(2); 샤프트(2)를 위한 압축기 측 베어링 장치(6) 및 터빈 측 베어링 장치(7)가 배치된 베어링 하우징(5); 오일 유입 라인(8)과 오일 배출 라인(9); 및 샤프트(2)의 베어링 장치(6, 7)를 위한 추가적인 오일 어큐뮬레이터(10)를 포함하는 배기가스 터보차저(1)에 관한 것으로, 오일 어큐뮬레이터(10)는 오일 유입 라인(8)의 분기 라인(11)에 배치된 압력 어큐뮬레이터로서 설계되고, 오일 어큐뮬레이터(10)와 분기 라인(11)의 오일 유입 라인(8)으로의 개방 지점(12) 사이에 제어 밸브(13)가 배치된다.The present invention relates to a compressor comprising a shaft (2) in which a compressor wheel (3) and a turbine wheel (4) are arranged; A bearing housing 5 in which a compressor-side bearing device 6 and a turbine-side bearing device 7 for the shaft 2 are disposed; An oil inflow line 8 and an oil drain line 9; And an additional oil accumulator (10) for the bearing devices (6, 7) of the shaft (2), the oil accumulator (10) The control valve 13 is arranged between the oil accumulator 10 and the opening point 12 to the oil inflow line 8 of the branch line 11. The control valve 13 is connected to the oil accumulator 10,

Description

배기가스 터보차저{EXHAUST-GAS TURBOCHARGER}Exhaust gas turbocharger {EXHAUST-GAS TURBOCHARGER}

본 발명은 청구범위에 제1항의 전제부에 따른 배기가스 터보차저에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an exhaust gas turbocharger according to the preamble of claim 1 in the claims.

상기 유형의 배기가스 터보차저가 EP 2 054 597 B1호에 공지되어 있다.An exhaust gas turbocharger of this type is known from EP 2 054 597 B1.

샤프트의 베어링에 윤활유를 공급하기 위해서, 상기 배기가스 터보차저는 터보차저가 장착된 내연기관의 엔진 오일 펌프를 이용한다.In order to supply lubricating oil to the bearings of the shaft, the exhaust gas turbocharger uses an engine oil pump of an internal combustion engine equipped with a turbocharger.

그러나, 라인 또는 덕트의 길이, 윤활유의 점성, 제조 공차 및 기타 다른 영향들로 인해 압력 상승이 지연되므로, 엔진 시동 중에 배기가스 터보차저의 베어링 시스템에 대한 윤활유 공급이 지연된다.However, the pressure rise is delayed due to the length of the line or duct, the viscosity of the lubricant, manufacturing tolerances and other influences, so that the lubricant supply to the bearing system of the exhaust gas turbocharger is delayed during engine starting.

질량 관성으로 인해 배기가스 터보차저가 오버런하는 경우 엔진이 정지되는 동안에도 비슷한 문제가 발생할 수 있다. 두 경우, 베어링 장치(bearing arrangement)는 혼합된 마찰 단계를 통해 가동되고, 여기서 더욱이, 재개된 엔진 시동 중, 배기가스 터보차저에 남아 있는 윤활유가 잔열에 의해 가열된다.A similar problem can occur while the engine is stopped if the exhaust gas turbocharger overruns due to mass inertia. In both cases, the bearing arrangement is driven through a mixed friction phase, wherein furthermore, during restarted engine starting, the lubricating oil remaining in the exhaust gas turbocharger is heated by residual heat.

그 결과, 윤활유의 점도가 떨어지고 윤활유 특성이 더욱 더 열화된다.As a result, the viscosity of the lubricating oil is lowered and the lubricating oil properties are further deteriorated.

전술된 문제는, 예컨대 시동/정지 주기가 매우 많은 경우 또는 하이브리드 용도와 같은 극단적인 용도에서 배기가스 터보차저의 베어링 장치에 대한 손상 및 그에 따른 전체 시스템의 고장으로 이어질 수 있다.The above-described problems can lead to damages to the bearing device of the exhaust turbocharger and consequently to the failure of the entire system, for example in extreme applications such as a very high starting / stopping period or for hybrid applications.

그러므로, EP 2 054 597 B1호에 따른 일반적인 배기가스 터보차저에는, 상기 문헌에서 비상 오일 탱크로 지칭되고 모든 반경방향 베어링들 상에서 축방향으로 연장된 추가 오일 어큐뮬레이터가 구비된다. 상기 시스템에서는 오일을 공급하기 위해 중력이 이용되므로, 비상 오일 탱크는 반경방향 베어링들 상부에 상기 베어링들로부터 반경방향으로 조금 떨어져서 배치된다.Therefore, a common exhaust turbocharger according to EP 2 054 597 B1 is provided with an additional oil accumulator, referred to in this document as an emergency oil tank, extending axially on all radial bearings. In the system, since the gravity is used to supply the oil, the emergency oil tank is disposed radially away from the bearings on top of the radial bearings.

그러나, 본 발명의 맥락에서 수행된 시험들에 의하면, 특히 상기 언급된 극단적인 용도에서는 중력에 기초한 상기 유형의 추가적인 오일 공급이 충분하지 않은 경우가 종종 있다.However, according to the tests carried out in the context of the present invention, it is often the case that, in the extreme applications mentioned above, the additional oil supply of this type based on gravity is not sufficient.

이에 따라 본 발명의 목적은, 배기가스 터보차저의 정지 시 및 시동 중 항상 차저 샤프트의 베어링 장치로 오일을 충분히 공급할 수 있게 하는, 청구범위 제1항의 전제부에 명시된 유형의 배기가스 터보차저를 제공하는 데에 있다.Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an exhaust gas turbocharger of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1 which permits sufficient supply of oil to the bearing device of the charger shaft at all times during stopping and starting of the exhaust gas turbocharger .

상기 목적은 청구범위 제1항의 특징부에 의해 달성된다.This object is achieved by the features of claim 1.

본 발명에 따른 배기가스 터보차저의 추가 오일 어큐뮬레이터는 압력 어큐뮬레이터로서 설계된다. 배기가스 터보차저의 시동/정지 주기 동안 혼합된 마찰 상태를 피하기 위해, 상기 압력 어큐뮬레이터에 의해 베어링 장치에 정량 투여 방식으로(in a dosed fashion) 윤활유가 공급된다.The additional oil accumulator of the exhaust gas turbocharger according to the present invention is designed as a pressure accumulator. To avoid mixed friction during the start / stop cycle of the exhaust gas turbocharger, lubricating oil is supplied in a dosed fashion to the bearing device by the pressure accumulator.

이러한 목적으로, 엔진 작동 중, 순환 중인 윤활유의 일부가 추출되어 가압 윤활유로서 압력 어큐뮬레이터에 일시적으로 저장된다. 이를 위해, 예컨대 유압 기계 분야에 알려져 있는 유압 어큐뮬레이터를 사용할 수 있다.For this purpose, during engine operation, part of the circulating lubricating oil is extracted and temporarily stored in the pressure accumulator as pressurized lubricating oil. For this purpose, for example, hydraulic accumulators known in the hydraulic machinery field can be used.

압력 어큐뮬레이터 상의 제어 밸브 및 바람직하게는 추가적으로 윤활유를 위한 유입 라인의 간단한 체크 밸브에 의해서, 엔진의 시동 및 정지 중 베어링 장치에 정량 투여 방식으로 윤활유가 공급될 수 있다.By means of a simple check valve in the inlet line for the control valve on the pressure accumulator and preferably additionally for the lubricating oil, the lubricating oil can be supplied to the bearing device during the starting and stopping of the engine in a metered dose manner.

여기서 유입 라인의 체크 밸브는 제어 밸브, 특히 체크 밸브, 또는 차압 밸브로 교환될 수 있다.Wherein the check valve of the inlet line can be replaced by a control valve, in particular a check valve, or a differential pressure valve.

차압 밸브가 사용되는 경우, 시동/정지 주기 동안에, 유입 라인 및/또는 압력 어큐뮬레이터에서 압력의 상승 또는 소멸을 구현하기 위해 밸브 양측의 압력을 이용하여 밸브의 이동을 생성한다.When a differential pressure valve is used, during the start / stop cycle, the pressure on both sides of the valve is used to create movement of the valve to effect the rise or disappearance of pressure in the inlet line and / or pressure accumulator.

제어 밸브, 특히 체크 밸브가 사용되는 경우, 베어링 시스템에서 균일한 압력 상승이 일어나도록 구동 계획을 통해 유입 라인 및 어큐뮬레이터 시스템의 압력 신호가 평가 및 링크된다.When a control valve, particularly a check valve, is used, the pressure signals of the inlet line and accumulator system are evaluated and linked through a drive scheme so that a uniform pressure rise occurs in the bearing system.

여기서, 본 발명에 따라 시스템은 외부 또는 내부 시스템으로서 설계될 수 있다.Here, the system according to the present invention can be designed as an external or internal system.

내부 시스템으로서, 여기서 압력 어큐뮬레이터, 밸브들 및 제어 장치의 구성요소들이 배기가스 터보차저의 베어링 하우징에 통합될 수 있다.Wherein the components of the pressure accumulator, valves and control device can be integrated into the bearing housing of the exhaust gas turbocharger.

본 발명의 추가적인 상세사항, 이점 및 특징들은 도면에 기초하여 이하의 예시적인 구현예로부터 명백해질 것이다.
도 1은 도 2에 도시되지 않은 기본 구성요소들을 보여주는 배기가스 터보차저의 절개 사시도이다.
도 2는 본 발명에 따른 배기가스 터보차저를 단순화한 개략도이다.Further details, advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following exemplary embodiments based on the drawings.
Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of an exhaust gas turbocharger showing basic components not shown in Figure 2;
2 is a schematic view of a simplified exhaust turbocharger in accordance with the present invention.

도 2에 도시된 본 발명에 따른 배기가스 터보차저(1)는, 상기 도면에 도시된 구성요소들뿐만 아니라 도 1에 도시된 구성요소들, 구체적으로 샤프트(2), 압축기 휠(3), 터빈 휠(4) 및 베어링 하우징(5)을 구비한다. 샤프트(2)를 장착하기 위한 압축기 측 베어링 장치(6) 및 터빈 측 베어링 장치(7)가 베어링 하우징(5)에 배치된다.The exhaust gas turbocharger 1 according to the present invention shown in Fig. 2 includes not only the components shown in the figure but also the components shown in Fig. 1, specifically the shaft 2, the compressor wheel 3, A turbine wheel 4, and a bearing housing 5. A compressor side bearing device 6 and a turbine side bearing device 7 for mounting the shaft 2 are disposed in the bearing housing 5. [

또한 본 발명에 따른 배기가스 터보차저(1)가 최신 터보차저의 다른 통상적인 구성요소들을 전부 구비한다는 것은 자명하지만, 이러한 구성요소들은 본 발명을 설명하는 데에 있어서는 중요하지 않다.It is also clear that the exhaust gas turbocharger 1 according to the present invention has all other conventional components of the latest turbocharger, but these components are not important in describing the present invention.

도 2에 따르면, 배기가스 터보차저(1)는 또한 오일 유입 라인(8) 및 오일 배출 라인(9)을 구비하며, 이들 라인은 배기가스 터보차저(1)가 장착된 엔진의 엔진 오일 회로에 유압식으로 연결된다.2, the exhaust turbocharger 1 also has an oil inflow line 8 and an oil drain line 9, which are connected to an engine oil circuit of an engine equipped with an exhaust gas turbocharger 1 Hydraulically connected.

본 발명에 따른 배기가스 터보차저(1)는 또한, 압력 어큐뮬레이터로서 설계되고 오일 유입 라인(8)의 분기 라인(11)에 배치된 추가적인 오일 어큐뮬레이터(10)를 구비한다. 도 2에 나타난 바와 같이, 오일 어큐뮬레이터(10)와 분기 라인(11)의 오일 유입 라인(8)으로의 개방(opening-in) 지점(12) 사이에 제어 밸브(13)가 삽입된다. 제어 밸브(13)는 제어 장치(14)에 의해 개폐될 수 있으며, 이를 위해 제어 장치(14)는 유입 라인 및 압력 어큐뮬레이터(10)로부터의 압력 신호를 이용하고, 상기 압력 신호는 도 2에 점선(DS)으로 기호화되어 있다.The exhaust gas turbocharger 1 according to the present invention also has an additional oil accumulator 10 designed as a pressure accumulator and arranged in the branch line 11 of the oil inflow line 8. The control valve 13 is inserted between the oil accumulator 10 and the opening-in point 12 of the branch line 11 to the oil inflow line 8, as shown in Fig. The control valve 13 can be opened and closed by the control device 14 for which the control device 14 utilizes the pressure signal from the inlet line and the pressure accumulator 10, (DS).

또한 오일 유입 라인 중 개방 지점(12)의 상류에는, 간단한 체크 밸브(15)가 구비되며, 이는 제어 밸브로 대체될 수 있다.Also upstream of the open point 12 of the oil inflow line, a simple check valve 15 is provided, which can be replaced by a control valve.

밸브(13, 15)를 구동함으로써, 엔진의 오일 펌프에 의해 오일 압력이 충분히 상승하면, 가압된 윤활유가 압력 어큐뮬레이터(10)에 충전될 수 있다.By driving the valves 13 and 15, when the oil pressure is sufficiently raised by the oil pump of the engine, the pressurized lubricant can be charged into the pressure accumulator 10. [

그러면 시동/정지 과정 중, 서두에 설명된 바와 같이, 불충분한 윤활유로 인한 이상적이지 않은 베어링 상황들을 방지하기 위해, 압력 어큐뮬레이터(10)에 일시적으로 저장된 윤활유 및 밸브(13, 15)의 구동에 의해서, 원하는 방식으로 배기가스 터보차저(1)의 베어링 장치(6, 7)에 윤활유가 공급될 수 있다.Then, during the start / stop process, as described in the opening paragraph, by driving the lubricant and valves 13, 15 temporarily stored in the pressure accumulator 10 to prevent non-ideal bearing conditions due to insufficient lubricant , Lubricating oil can be supplied to the bearing devices 6 and 7 of the exhaust gas turbocharger 1 in a desired manner.

본 발명의 상기 기재된 개시내용 외에도, 도 1 및 도 2의 개략적인 도시를 명백히 참조한다.In addition to the above-described disclosure of the present invention, reference is made explicitly to the schematic views of Figures 1 and 2. [

1 배기가스 터보차저
2 샤프트
3 압축기 휠
4 터빈 휠
5 베어링 하우징
6 압축기 측 베어링 장치
7 터빈 측 베어링 장치
8 오일 유입 라인
9 오일 배출 라인
10 오일 어큐뮬레이터/압력 어큐뮬레이터
11 분기 라인
12 개방 지점
13 밸브
14 제어 장치
15 체크 밸브
DS 압력 신호1 exhaust gas turbocharger
2 shafts
3 Compressor Wheel
4 turbine wheel
5 Bearing housings
6 Compressor side bearing device
7 Turbine side bearing device
8 Oil inflow line
9 Oil drain line
10 Oil accumulator / pressure accumulator
11th line
12 opening points
13 valves
14 Control device
15 Check Valve
DS pressure signal

Claims (7)

압축기 휠(3) 및 터빈 휠(4)이 배치된 샤프트(2);
상기 샤프트(2)를 위한 압축기 측 베어링 장치(6) 및 터빈 측 베어링 장치(7)가 배치된 베어링 하우징(5);
오일 유입 라인(8)과 오일 배출 라인(9); 및
상기 샤프트(2)의 베어링 장치(6, 7)를 위한 추가적인 오일 어큐뮬레이터(10)를 포함하는 배기가스 터보차저(1)로서,
상기 오일 어큐뮬레이터(10)는 오일 유입 라인(8)의 분기 라인(11)에 배치된 압력 어큐뮬레이터로서 설계되고,
상기 오일 어큐뮬레이터(10)와 분기 라인(11)의 오일 유입 라인(8)으로의 개방 지점(12) 사이에 제어 밸브(13)가 배치되고,
상기 오일 유입 라인(8) 및 오일 어큐뮬레이터(10)로부터 수신된 압력 신호(DS)에 따라 제어 밸브(13)를 개폐하는 제어 장치(14)를 포함하고,
상기 오일 어큐뮬레이터(10) 및 제어 밸브(13) 및 제어 장치(14)는 외부 시스템으로서 설계되고,
상기 오일 유입 라인(8) 중 분기 라인(11)의 개방 지점(12) 상류에 제어 밸브가 배치되는 것을 특징으로 하는 배기가스 터보차저.A shaft 2 in which the compressor wheel 3 and the turbine wheel 4 are disposed;
A bearing housing 5 in which a compressor-side bearing device 6 and a turbine-side bearing device 7 for the shaft 2 are disposed;
An oil inflow line 8 and an oil drain line 9; And
An exhaust gas turbocharger (1) comprising an additional oil accumulator (10) for a bearing arrangement (6, 7) of the shaft (2)
The oil accumulator 10 is designed as a pressure accumulator disposed in the branch line 11 of the oil inflow line 8,
The control valve 13 is arranged between the oil accumulator 10 and the opening point 12 to the oil inflow line 8 of the branch line 11,
And a control device (14) for opening and closing the control valve (13) in accordance with the pressure signal (DS) received from the oil inflow line (8) and the oil accumulator (10)
The oil accumulator 10, the control valve 13 and the control device 14 are designed as an external system,
Characterized in that a control valve is arranged upstream of the opening point (12) of the branch line (11) of the oil inflow line (8). 제1항에 있어서,
상기 오일 유입 라인(8) 중 분기 라인(11)의 개방 지점(12) 상류에 체크 밸브(15)가 배치되는 것을 특징으로 하는 배기가스 터보차저.The method according to claim 1,
Characterized in that a check valve (15) is arranged upstream of the open point (12) of the branch line (11) of the oil inflow line (8). 제1항에 있어서,
상기 오일 유입 라인(8) 중 분기 라인(11)의 개방 지점(12) 상류에 차압 밸브가 배치되는 것을 특징으로 하는 배기가스 터보차저.The method according to claim 1,
Characterized in that a differential pressure valve is disposed upstream of the open point (12) of the branch line (11) of the oil inflow line (8). 제1항 내지 제3항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 오일 어큐뮬레이터(10) 및 밸브들(13, 15) 및 제어 장치(14)는 베어링 하우징(5)에 통합된 내부 시스템으로 설계되는 것을 특징으로 하는 배기가스 터보차저.4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
Characterized in that the oil accumulator (10) and the valves (13,15) and the control device (14) are designed as an internal system integrated in the bearing housing (5). 삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete
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