KR101793360B1 - System and method for controlling land deformation - Google Patents
System and method for controlling land deformation Download PDFInfo
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- KR101793360B1 KR101793360B1 KR1020160008583A KR20160008583A KR101793360B1 KR 101793360 B1 KR101793360 B1 KR 101793360B1 KR 1020160008583 A KR1020160008583 A KR 1020160008583A KR 20160008583 A KR20160008583 A KR 20160008583A KR 101793360 B1 KR101793360 B1 KR 101793360B1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/10—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against soil pressure or hydraulic pressure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2600/00—Miscellaneous
- E02D2600/40—Miscellaneous comprising stabilising elements
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Abstract
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a system for suppressing ground deformation on a ground including a pressure-bearing aquifer and a rainwater-permeable layer thereon, the system comprising: a first vessel for injecting or injecting a pressurized aquifer; And at least one second well located at a predetermined distance from the first well and having a lower end located in the hard water layer, wherein for each second well, the water level of the second well is set to a predetermined water level value To thereby suppress the amount of change of the head of the egg-permeable layer which is lowered by the positive number of the pressure-sensitive aquifers, or which is raised by the injection, is suppressed.
Description
The present invention relates to a soil deformation suppression system and a method of suppressing soil deformation, and more particularly, to a soil deformation suppression system and a method of suppressing soil deformation, To a system and method capable of preventing and suppressing the occurrence of deformation.
When an aquifer is developed at the lower part of the fluvial layer such as the clay layer, groundwater in the aquifer can be in a state of pressure without having any free surface. This aquifer is called a pressure aquifer. When the groundwater is pumped from the pressure aquifer, the groundwater level of the anchored aquifer is lowered and the groundwater level of the upper rainwater aquifer is lowered. This causes the consolidation of the rainwater permeable layer and causes a phenomenon called ground subsidence.
Soil settlement occurs all over the world such as Thailand, Vietnam, China, Japan, and Mexico. In Korea, land subsidence is emerging as a social issue. The ground subsidence is often caused by the pumping of groundwater in the aquifers and there is no alternative but to prevent consolidation because it is almost impossible to return the consolidated irrigation layer to its original state. That is, when the subsidence phenomenon is found in the prior art, a method of stopping the positive water in the pressure aquifer or injecting water into the aquifer under pressure is used.
In addition, when water is injected into the aquifers, the water level of the aquifer rises and the head of the permeable layer rises. This also causes deformation of the ground surface, which is undesirable and needs to be prevented.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, a practically usable buffer layer deformation management method is proposed in order to cope with utilization of various aquifer aquifers such as water injection or water injection of an aquifer underground water.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a second well is embedded in an untreated water layer around the amphibious / infiltration well of the anchored aquifer, and the water level of the second well is controlled to a predetermined height, System and apparatus.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a system for suppressing ground deformation on a ground including a pressure-bearing aquifer and a rainwater-permeable layer thereon, the system comprising: a first vessel for injecting or injecting a pressurized aquifer; And at least one second well located at a predetermined distance from the first well and having a lower end located in the hard water layer, wherein for each second well, the water level of the second well is set to a predetermined water level value To thereby suppress the amount of change of the head of the egg-permeable layer which is lowered by the positive number of the pressure-sensitive aquifers, or which is raised by the injection, is suppressed.
At this time, the second well may be installed at any position in the region affected by the water head increase or decrease due to the positive water injection or injection of the pressurized aquifer in the rain water permeation layer.
Also, at this time, the second conduit includes a cylindrical body and a screen having a plurality of through-holes (55) formed along the periphery of the body at the bottom of the body, and the screen may be located in the egg- .
Wherein when at least one of the distance between the first and second pipes, the predetermined water level, and the height of the screen is greater than a predetermined value, The head-height recovery ratio, the head-height recovery volume ratio, and the excess head-height rise volume ratio at any depth in the water-permeable layer.
In this case, the water-head recovery ratio is proportional to a ratio of a head-to-head recovery amount due to the second observation to a water-head reduction amount due to the positive water in the pressurized aquifer, And the volume of the excess head of the head is affected by the recovery of the head of the egg-permeable layer due to the second circumstance The ratio of the volume of the region showing the water head value higher than the initial head of the egg-permeable layer with respect to the volume.
At this time, at least one of the distance between the first pipe and the second pipe, the predetermined water level, and the height of the screen is proportional to at least one of the water head recovery ratio and the water head recovery volume ratio, Can be determined based on the function value of the evaluation function in inverse proportion to the excess head-to-head rising volume ratio.
The soil deformation restraining system may further include a water level sensor for measuring a water level of the second well; A conduit pipe having one end connected to the upper end of the second pipe and the other end connected to the outer pipe; A pump coupled to the conduit and operative to discharge water from the second conduit or to supply water to the second conduit; And a controller configured to receive the sensing value from the level sensor and to control the driving of the pump based on the sensed value to maintain the water level of the second water level at the predetermined water level value.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method of suppressing ground deformation using a system for suppressing ground deformation on a ground including an anchored aquifer and an irrigation water layer thereon, the system comprising: 1 Jung Jung; And at least one second conduit disposed at a predetermined distance from the first conduit and having a lower end positioned in the laywater layer, wherein when the groundwater is pumped from the aquifersed aquifer or water is injected into the aquifer, The soil deformation suppression method discloses, for each of the second wells, a method of suppressing ground deformation comprising maintaining the water level of the second well at a predetermined water level value.
Wherein maintaining the water level of the second water well comprises: measuring a water level of the second water well; And supplying water to the second well if the measured water level value is smaller than the preset water level value and discharging water from the second well if the measured water level value is greater than the preset water level value .
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an effect of suppressing a change in the head of the water-impermeable layer by providing a second irrigation water buried in the irrigation water layer around the irrigation water / irrigation irrigation water of the anchored aquifer, .
According to an embodiment of the present invention, even if the positive / negative pressure of the pressure-bearing aquifer is continuously used, if the water level of the second reservoir is controlled to a predetermined height, it is possible to suppress the change of the head of the water- There is an advantage that the ground settlement can be prevented.
FIG. 1 is a view for explaining a change in head of a pressure-bearing aquifer when groundwater is pumped,
FIG. 2 is a view for explaining the vertical head variation according to the depth when the groundwater is pumped in an equilibrium state,
FIG. 3 (a) is a view for explaining the horizontal change of the head of water according to the depth of the irrigation water layer in the positive direction,
Fig. 3 (b) is a view showing an effective stress change according to the head variation in Fig. 3 (a)
FIG. 4 (a) is a view for explaining a soil impervious floor soil deformation suppression system according to an embodiment of the present invention,
Fig. 4 (b) is a view for explaining the variation of the head of the egg-permeable layer at the depth (A)
FIG. 5 is a view for explaining the variation of the head thickness of the egg shell according to the design variables of the second embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a view for explaining the change of the head of the aquifer under pressure when the groundwater is injected,
FIG. 7 is a view for explaining the vertical head variation according to the depth during the groundwater injection in the equilibrium state,
FIGS. 8 and 9 are diagrams for explaining effects according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a simulation result showing the amount of water head drop before installing the second well according to an embodiment. FIG. And shows the result of simulation showing the head recovery amount when the second circumference according to the example is installed.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein but may be embodied in other forms. Rather, the embodiments disclosed herein are provided so that the disclosure can be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
In the drawings, numerical values such as length, thickness, width, etc. of the components can be exaggerated for an effective explanation of technical contents.
In the present specification, the singular form includes plural forms unless otherwise specified in the specification. The terms "comprise" and / or "comprising" used in the specification do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In describing the specific embodiments below, various specific contents have been set forth in order to explain the invention in more detail and to aid understanding. However, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be understood by those skilled in the art without departing from such specific details. In some cases, it should be mentioned in advance that it is common knowledge in describing an invention, and that parts not significantly related to the invention are not described in order to avoid confusion in describing the invention.
Hereinafter, the soil deformation suppression system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described when pumping is performed in the pressure-bearing aquifer with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG.
FIG. 1 is a view for explaining a change in head of a pressure-controlled aquifer when groundwater is pumped. It is assumed that the stratum structure of the area for pumping groundwater is schematically shown in Fig. 1 and consists of a
A confined aquifer is an aquifer surrounded by upper and lower permeable or impervious layers and composed of highly permeable soil components. In Fig. 1, only the sand and gravel are specified as constituent elements of the aquifer aquifer (30). However, in general, the aquifer aquifer is composed of various rock components such as sand, gravel, sandstone, alluvial deposits, communal limestone, cracked marble, cracked granite, do.
Since the pressurized
FIG. 2 is a view for explaining the vertical head change according to the depth when the groundwater is pumped in the equilibrium state. In Fig. 2, the layer structure on the left is the same as Fig. In the right graph of FIG. 2, the vertical axis represents the depth of the stratum (d) and the horizontal axis represents the pore water pressure () at each depth (d). It is assumed that the initial pore pressure (μ) increases in proportion to the depth (d) as indicated by the solid line graph (μ1).
The water head of the
The pore water pressure (μ) according to the depth before the positive water is represented by a solid line graph (μ1) in the right graph. As the permeability coefficient of the
On the other hand, in the case of the change in the head of the water-
3 (a) is a view for explaining the variation of the horizontal gap teaching according to the depth of the water
3 (a) is a graph showing the relationship between the horizontal pressure (μ) of the pore water pressure (μ) at the respective depths (d1, d2, d3 and d4) of the water- And the pore water pressures at the depths (d1, d2, d3, d4) are shown as μ1, μ2, μ3, and μ4, respectively. As described in FIG. 2, the pore water pressure (μ) greatly decreases due to the influence of the pressure-bearing
Generally, most of the ground deformation is caused by deformation of the irrigation layer. The settlement can be estimated by considering the effective stress in the case of consolidation of the irrigation layer due to the water level drop. Fig. 3 (b) shows the effective stress change at each depth due to the change in pore water pressure. The effective stresses σ 'can be derived directly from the pore water pressure μ according to the following equations and the effective stresses at the depths d1, d2, d3 and d4 in the water-
σ '= σ - μ (where σ is the total stress)
According to an embodiment of the present invention, even if a change in the head of the
Accordingly, in the embodiment of the present invention, the gutters are buried in the
FIG. 4 (a) is a view for explaining a rainwater permeation layer soil deformation restraining system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 (b) is a view for explaining the variation of the head of the rainwater permeation layer at the depth (A).
Referring to FIG. 4 (a), the ground deformation suppression system according to one embodiment includes a
The
Fig. 4 (b) shows the head of the egg-permeable layer at this depth (A) by selecting the depth A as an arbitrary point in the egg-
When the head is lowered due to the embedding of the
The second conduit (50) is spaced apart from the first conduit (40) by a predetermined distance, and the lower conduit (50) is located in the impermeable layer (20). In the drawing, when the position of the
In one embodiment, the
Since it is assumed that the
In one embodiment of the present invention, the water level of the
When the water level of the
The apparatus for maintaining the water level of the second well 50 at a predetermined value (?) May be implemented in various embodiments. According to one embodiment shown in Fig. 4 (a), the soil deformation suppression system may include a
The
The
As described above, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the soil deformation suppression system is constructed by the
On the other hand, the deformation of the
Although the installation position (?) Of the second conduit (50) is as close to the positive conduit as possible, that is, the closer to the first conduit (40), the greater the effect of the water head elevation by the second conduit (50) Since there are many variables such as the thickness is not constant, it is not necessarily the closest to the first view.
As the water head setting value? Of the
In this regard, FIG. 5 shows the horizontal direction (X direction) distribution of the head at any depth (for example, A depth) in the egg white layer, and the
If the screen height γ is increased for the screen height γ of the
In one embodiment of the present invention, at least one of the installation position (alpha), the water head setting value (beta) and the screen height (gamma) of the second conduit (50) , "Water head recovery volume ratio ", and" excess water head rising volume ratio ". At this time, the head-to-head recovery ratio, head-to-head recovery volume ratio, and excess head-to-head upward volume ratio are values calculated at an arbitrary depth (for example, A depth point in FIG.
The recovery rate of the water head can be defined as a value proportional to the ratio of [the amount of water head recovered by the second observation to the water head restoration amount] to the [reduction amount of water head due to the amniotic fluid in the aquifer aquifer].
In other words, the water head recovery ratio is, for example, about the reduction amount of the groundwater in the area between the X axis and the
The volume head recovery volume ratio can be defined as a value proportional to the ratio of the volume affected by the head restoration of the irrigation water layer due to the second observation to the volume affected by the water headwater reduction in the irrigation water layer due to the positive water in the pressure aquifer . That is, the water head recovery volume ratio is a value proportional to the ratio of the space (volume) of the hatched area in FIG. 4 (b) to the space (volume) between the X axis and
The excess volume head uplift volume ratio can be defined as a value proportional to the ratio of [the volume of the region that represents the head height value higher than the initial head of the irrigation water layer] to the volume affected by the recovery of the irrigation water layer from the irrigation water layer due to the second observation . That is, the excess head-to-head rising volume ratio is proportional to the ratio of the space (volume) of the area between the X axis and the
In one embodiment of the present invention, at least one of the installation position (alpha), the water head setting value (beta), and the screen height (gamma) of the second conduit (50) Volume ratio, and excess head height-up volume ratio, and more specifically, an evaluation function is defined in proportion to at least one of the head-height recovery ratio and the head-height recovery volume ratio and inversely proportional to the excess head-height rise volume ratio, Can be set.
For example, when considering all of the above three items (water head recovery ratio, water head recovery volume ratio, and excess water head rising volume ratio), in one embodiment, a function such as the
[Equation 1]
The three rightmost terms of the evaluation function mean the head-to-head recovery ratio, the head-height recovery volume ratio, and the excess head-height rise volume ratio, respectively, from the left.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the optimal design computational model capable of optimally designing the second well is used to set the installation position (alpha) of the second well (50), the head set value (?), ) Can be obtained. The optimal design model can include optimization algorithms such as a simulation computational model (eg, MODFLOW) and a genetic algorithm that can simulate the groundwater flow of the anchored and aquifers. According to this method, for example, a plurality of candidate sites are arbitrarily selected by an optimization algorithm, the value of the evaluation function (F) is obtained by a simulation model for each candidate site, a candidate site having the largest evaluation function value is selected, (?), the water head setting value (?), and the screen height (?) can be selected as the most optimal design values of the second view.
As described above, an embodiment has been described in which the
Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, a description will be given of the variation of the head of the water-
FIG. 6 is a view for explaining the change of the head of the pressure-bearing aquifer during water injection, and FIG. 7 is a view for explaining the vertical head variation according to the depth of water injection in the equilibrium state.
Referring to FIG. 6, it is assumed that the geological structure of the corresponding region when injecting water into the
In FIG. 7, the left stratum structure is the same as in FIG. 2, and in the right graph of FIG. 7, the vertical axis represents the depth of the stratum d and the horizontal axis represents the pore water pressure at each depth d. It is assumed that the initial pore water pressure (1) before water is injected into the
In this case, since the
In this configuration, the soil deformation suppression system according to an embodiment of the present invention may have the same or similar configuration as that shown in Fig. 4 (a). That is, the soil deformation suppression system according to an embodiment includes a
The installation position a of the
In one embodiment, it is preferable that the water head setting value (β) is set to the original water head height before water injection in the water pressure aquifer. This is because if the head of the irrigation water layer falls below the original head, it may cause subsidence.
Therefore, in one embodiment, the value of at least one of the installation position [alpha] of the
&Quot; (2) "
In the above evaluation function, the first term on the right side indicates the head recovery ratio, which can be defined as a value proportional to the ratio of [the head restoration amount of the irrigation water layer due to the second observation] to the [head height increase due to the injection of the pressure aquifer] have. The second term on the right side refers to the volume percentage of recovery of the water head and is proportional to the ratio of [the volume influenced by the second observation to the volume affected by the head restoration of the irrigation water layer] As shown in Fig.
Thus, the evaluation function of Equation (2) is composed of the head-to-head recovery ratio and the head-to-head recovery volume ratio, and the excess head-to-head rising volume ratio included in the evaluation function (Equation 1) It is not necessary to consider it because it is fixed.
Hereinafter, the effects of the present invention will be described with reference to simulation results with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9. FIG. For the convenience of explanation, only the case of pumping aquifers is experimented.
8, the XY-axis plane is a plane viewed from above the region where the first well is installed, and the
9 (a) is a top view of the experimental model, and FIG. 9 (b) is a top view of a topography layer, an egg permeable layer, and a pressure aquifer And Fig. 9 (c) shows an enlarged view of the egg-permeable layer.
As shown in Figs. 9 (a) and 9 (b), in this experimental model, the second well is installed at a position ([alpha]) spaced about 30 m from the
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, it is assumed that the
10: Topsoil
20: I am the permeable layer
30: Pressure aquifer
40:
50: The second observation
60: a water pipe
70: Level sensor
80:
Claims (10)
A first well (40) for injecting or injecting a pressurized aquifer; And
At least one second well (50) installed at an arbitrary position in the region affected by the water head increase or decrease due to positive water injection or injection of the aquifer aquifers spaced a predetermined distance from the first well, and a lower end positioned in the runaway layer; / RTI >
By maintaining the water level of the second conduit (50) at a predetermined water level value for each of the second conduits (50), the amount of change in the head of the egg-permeable layer that is lowered by the positive number of the pressure- And the ground deformation restraining system.
Wherein the second conduit (50) comprises a cylindrical body and a screen having a plurality of through-holes (55) formed in the bottom of the body along the periphery of the body,
Wherein said screen is positioned within said poorly waterlogged layer.
Wherein at least one of the distance between the first and second wells, the predetermined water level value, and the height of the screen is at least one of a water head recovery ratio, a water head recovery volume ratio at an arbitrary depth in the egg- And the excess head-to-head rising volume ratio,
The water head recovery ratio is proportional to the ratio of [the amount of water head recovery of the water-impermeable layer due to the second observation] to the amount of water head decrease due to the positive water of the pressure-bearing aquifer,
The water head recovery volume ratio is proportional to the ratio of [the volume affected by the head restoration of the egg shell layer due to the second observation] to the volume affected by the water head decrease in the egg shell layer due to the positive water in the pressure aquifer,
The excess head height rising volume ratio is proportional to the ratio of the volume of the region showing the water head value higher than the initial head of the egg-permeable layer to the volume affected by the head restoration of the egg shell layer due to the second circumstance .
Wherein at least one of the distance between the first and second wells, the predetermined water level value, and the height of the screen is proportional to at least one of the water head recovery ratio and the water head recovery volume ratio, Is determined based on a function value of an evaluation function inversely proportional to the volume ratio.
Wherein at least one of the distance between the first and second wells and the height of the screen is determined in consideration of at least one of a head-height recovery ratio and a head-height recovery volume ratio at an arbitrary depth in the hard-
The water-head recovery ratio is proportional to the ratio of [the amount of water-head recovery of the water-impermeable layer due to the second observation] to the amount of water-head increase due to the injection of the pressurized aquifer,
Wherein the water head recovery volume ratio is proportional to a ratio of [a volume affected by the water head recovery of the egg-permeable layer due to the second observation to the volume affected by the water head increase in the egg-water permeable layer due to the injection of the pressure-sensitive aquifer) .
A level measuring sensor (70) for measuring the level of the second well;
A conduit pipe (60) having one end connected to the upper end of the second pipe and the other end connected to the external storage vessel;
A pump (65) coupled to said conduit (60) and operative to discharge water or to supply water to said second conduit; And
And a control unit (80) configured to receive the sensed value from the water level sensor (70) and to control the driving of the pump based on the sensing value to maintain the water level of the second water level at the predetermined water level value .
The system comprises: a first well (40) for injecting or injecting a pressurized aquifer; And at least one second well (50) installed at an arbitrary position within a region affected by the increase or decrease in water due to positive water injection or injection of the aquifer aquifers a predetermined distance from the first well, ≪ / RTI >
Wherein when the groundwater is pumped into the aquifer under pressure or water is injected into the aquifer under pressure,
And for each of the second wells, maintaining the water level of the second well at a predetermined water level value.
Measuring a water level of the second well; And
Supplying water to the second well if the measured water level value is smaller than the preset water level value and discharging water from the second water well if the measured water level value is greater than the predetermined water level value And the soil is deformed.
When the water of the pressure-sensitive aquifer is pumped by the first conduit (40), the predetermined water level value of the second conduit (50) is higher than the first water head height of the water-
Wherein when the water is injected into the anchored aquifer from the first well (40), the predetermined water level value of the second well (50) is the first water head height of the egg water permeable layer.
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KR1020160008583A KR101793360B1 (en) | 2016-01-25 | 2016-01-25 | System and method for controlling land deformation |
PCT/KR2016/004405 WO2017131290A1 (en) | 2016-01-25 | 2016-04-27 | Ground deformation suppressing system, ground deformation suppressing method, and optimization design method for tube well in ground deformation suppressing system |
US15/518,084 US10533296B2 (en) | 2016-01-25 | 2016-04-27 | System and method for controlling land deformation, and method for optimal design of well in system for controlling land deformation |
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KR101989975B1 (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-06-19 | 한국건설기술연구원 | Warning Method and Apparatus for Ground Subsidence using the Monitoring of Ground Water Level |
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KR102496517B1 (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2023-02-06 | (주)지구환경전문가그룹 | Individual Vacuum Seepage Consolidation Method Structure with Flexible Well Point |
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KR101989975B1 (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-06-19 | 한국건설기술연구원 | Warning Method and Apparatus for Ground Subsidence using the Monitoring of Ground Water Level |
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