KR101776309B1 - Room and battery temperature management method of electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method of controlling a temperature during charging of an electric vehicle, which can maximize battery charging efficiency and initial discharge efficiency of an electric vehicle and reduce an electric load of the cooling system at the beginning of operation, And to provide a method for managing an indoor temperature and a battery temperature of an electric vehicle capable of increasing a cruising distance as much as possible while overcoming the limitations. In order to achieve the above object, there is provided a method of controlling a vehicle, comprising: operating a terminal to request a remote cooling operation of a vehicle while a vehicle battery is being charged by an external charging device; When the wireless communication terminal of the vehicle receives the remote cooling operation request and transmits the remote cooling operation request to the control unit, the control unit checks the battery SOC; Calculating a room heat load and determining a target set temperature from the calculated indoor heat load if the condition that the battery SOC is equal to or greater than the reference SOC value is satisfied; Operating and controlling the cooling system so that the room temperature reaches and maintains the target set temperature; And controlling the operation of the battery cooling system during operation of the cooling system to manage the temperature of the battery.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to an electric vehicle,

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for controlling the temperature of an electric vehicle, and more particularly, to a method and an apparatus for controlling the temperature of an electric vehicle, which can maximize the charging efficiency and the initial discharge efficiency of the electric vehicle, Indoor on and battery on management methods.

Today, internal combustion engine (engine) vehicles using fossil fuels have many problems such as environmental pollution caused by exhaust gas, global warming caused by carbon dioxide, and respiratory diseases caused by ozone generation.

And because of the limited fossil fuels on the planet, it is in danger of exhaustion someday.

Accordingly, development of an environmentally friendly electric vehicle (EV) that uses an electric motor as a drive source is actively underway.

The electric vehicle is equipped with an electric motor for driving the vehicle and a battery for supplying electric power to the electric motor.

Also, as is well known, due to the limit of the energy accumulation density of the battery in the electric vehicle, the cruising range (1 charge mileage) is very important.

In particular, when the cooling system is operated, a large amount of electric power is consumed due to the driving of the compressor and the air conditioning blower, and the maximum distance of travel can be reduced by up to 50% as compared with the travel distance of the unscrewed air due to the power consumption at this time.

Therefore, reduction of the electric load of the cooling system is very important to increase the distance of the cruise, and when the power consumption of the cooling system is reduced by 33%, the travel distance can be increased by more than 40%.

The charging / discharging efficiency varies greatly depending on the temperature of the battery cell. If the temperature of the battery cell is excessively high or low during the charging of the battery, there is a problem that the energy is not accumulated well (charging efficiency deteriorates).

Accordingly, it is necessary to maximize the charging efficiency and the discharging efficiency at the initial stage of the operation of the battery while charging the battery, and to reduce the electric load of the cooling system at the beginning of the operation.

In the conventional case, the temperature control of the vehicle is limited only to the room temperature control in consideration of only the comfort of the interior of the vehicle. The battery charging efficiency, the initial discharge efficiency, the cruising distance after charging, the electric load at the beginning of operation, Temperature management was carried out without in-depth consideration.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to maximize battery charging efficiency and initial discharge efficiency of an electric vehicle and to reduce an electric load of a cooling system at the beginning of operation, And to provide a method for managing an indoor temperature and a battery temperature of an electric vehicle that can increase the cruising distance as much as possible while overcoming the limitations of the related art.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method of controlling a vehicle, comprising the steps of: (a) requesting a remote cooling operation by a user by operating a terminal while a vehicle battery is being charged by an external charging device; (b) when the wireless communication terminal of the vehicle receives the remote cooling operation request and transmits the remote cooling operation request to the controller, the controller checks the battery SOC; (c) calculating the indoor heat load and determining the target set temperature from the calculated indoor heat load if the condition that the battery SOC is equal to or greater than the reference SOC value is satisfied; (d) activating and controlling the cooling system so that the room temperature is reached and maintained at the target set temperature; (e) controlling operation of the battery cooling system during operation of the cooling system to manage the battery temperature.

Here, the temperature management method according to the present invention is characterized in that the control unit controls the operation of the battery cooling system according to the battery temperature that is collected in real time while the vehicle battery is being charged by the external charging device before the step (a) And a forced management mode step of performing the forced management mode.

Also, the temperature management method of the present invention is characterized in that when the user operates the terminal and reserves the operating point while the vehicle battery is being charged by the external charging device, the control unit, which has received the scheduled operating point, calculates the operating point of the cooling system Wow; The control unit may further perform step (e) in the step (b) when the cooling system is operated.

According to the temperature management method for an electric vehicle according to the present invention, since the temperature of the vehicle is controlled in advance during the charging of the vehicle battery and the temperature of the battery is controlled in accordance with the remote or reserved departure time of the vehicle, The efficiency of the electric vehicle can be increased and the distance of the electric vehicle can be increased.

Also, the pre-operation of the cooling system according to the remote or departure driving time during charging can provide a pleasant indoor environment when the passenger is boarded, and the battery consumption power by the cooling system during operation can be reduced.

1 is a configuration diagram showing a remote control system for implementing a temperature management method according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 are flowcharts showing a method of managing indoor ON and battery ON according to the present invention.
4 is a diagram showing an example of map data for determining a reference SOC value in the present invention.
5 is a diagram showing an example of data used for determining the target set temperature from the indoor thermal load value in the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a control state of operation of a cooling system according to indoor heat load in the present invention, and is an example of on / off control, air volume and direction control of a compressor.
7 is a diagram showing an example of a compressor allowable power (a) and an evaporator target temperature (b) setting map in the present invention.
8 is a view showing an example of a battery cooling system operation map in the present invention.
9 is a diagram showing an example of a target set temperature arrival time map according to ambient temperature and irradiation dose in the present invention.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains.

The present invention relates to a method for controlling the temperature of an electric vehicle, and more particularly, to a method for maximizing the battery charging efficiency and initial discharge efficiency of an electric vehicle and reducing the electric load of the cooling system at the beginning of operation, And to provide a method for managing an indoor temperature and a battery temperature of an electric vehicle capable of increasing the cruising distance as much as possible.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention introduces the concept of remote and precooling control during charging. When the vehicle battery is charged at a constant rate by an external charging device, (For cooling the battery) and a battery cooling system (for battery temperature management) are operated to cool the room temperature to a pleasant temperature before traveling, and to maximize the charging efficiency and discharge efficiency at the beginning of operation, .

At this time, the remote or reserved operation of the cooling system and the battery cooling system is performed while the external charging apparatus is connected to the vehicle to charge the battery, so that the cooling system and the battery cooling system are operated (remote or reserved The power is supplied by an external charging device rather than the vehicle battery.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a remote control system for implementing a temperature management method according to the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1, a system for remotely controlling a cooling system and a battery cooling system The configuration will be described.

As shown, the electric vehicle 10 is equipped with a central server 20 outside the vehicle, and a wireless communication terminal 11 that communicates with a wireless communication network such as a mobile communication network (e.g., 3G) or a wireless Internet network .

The wireless communication terminal 11 is a communication unit that enables a control unit in the electric vehicle 10, that is, a control unit performing the control process of the present invention, to communicate with a user (driver) at a remote location outside the vehicle.

The user can use the terminal 31 such as a computer connectable (communicatable) with the central server 20 via the wired / wireless Internet network or the user through the wireless communication network such as the mobile communication network (3G) (Communicable) mobile communication terminal 32 connectable to the server 20 are used.

The control unit includes a communication controller 12 connected to the vehicle's wireless communication terminal 11, a charging controller 13 for controlling the in-vehicle charging device in connection with battery charging, and a cooling system, And a battery controller 15 for collecting battery state related information and controlling the operation of the battery cooling system. The plurality of controllers are connected to each other through the mutual cooperation control That is, an integrated control process of the cooling system and the battery cooling system.

The air conditioner controller 14 collects indoor temperature, outdoor temperature, solar radiation amount, and evaporator temperature information from each sensor of the vehicle, and controls overall operation of the air conditioning system (including the cooling system).

That is, the operation of various doors (temperature control door, inner and outer airway door, mode control door, etc.) of the air conditioning system is controlled and the operation of the compressor and air conditioner blower of the cooling system is controlled.

The battery controller 15 collects battery temperature information in real time from a temperature sensor installed in the cell, monitors the state of charge of the battery (SOC), controls the cooling blower of the battery cooling system for battery temperature management, As shown in FIG.

The charging controller 13 is shared with the air conditioner controller 14 and the battery controller 15 while exchanging various information related to the control. Basically, the air conditioner controller 14 receives indoor temperature, outside temperature, And the battery controller 15 receives battery-related information such as the battery SOC.

Here, the rear extractor fan is for discharging the air that has passed through the battery and cooled the battery to the outside of the vehicle.

As a result, the user can remotely request the operation of the remote cooling and the reserved cooling, which will be described later, through the communication network, and can set and change various items related to the control.

Meanwhile, in the present invention, as a remote control process during battery charging, a process of controlling a room temperature to a set temperature, a control process of keeping a room temperature at a set temperature, and a process of managing and controlling a battery temperature are performed.

In the process of controlling the room temperature to the set temperature, it is necessary to minimize the energy consumption by optimizing the time to reach the room temperature during the initial operation. To this end, the air volume of the air conditioning blower is controlled to be linked with the operation amount of the compressor, do.

Also, in the control process of maintaining the room temperature, the compressor operation amount and the air volume control should be optimized to minimize the power consumption during the temperature maintenance when the room temperature is close to the target set temperature. For this reason, Turn off the compressor and activate the air conditioning blower at minimum.

FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 are flowcharts showing a method of managing indoor ON and battery ON according to the present invention. In FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, According to a series of control processes, the charge / discharge efficiency of the battery can be increased, and the distance traveled by the electric vehicle can be increased.

In other words, the pre-operation of the cooling system according to the remote or departure driving time during charging provides a pleasant indoor environment when the passenger is boarded, and the battery consumption power by the cooling system (air conditioning system) during operation is reduced to increase the cruising distance .

In addition, the charge / discharge efficiency of the battery is sensitively changed according to the temperature of the battery cell. Therefore, the pre-cooled indoor air is used to optimally manage the battery temperature during the battery charging by the external charging device, At the same time, the initial discharge efficiency can be increased even during operation.

The temperature management process of the present invention is composed of three operation modes, that is, a remote cooling mode during charging, a reserved cooling mode during charging, and a battery temperature management mode. FIG. 2 shows a remote cooling mode and a reserved cooling mode The left side shows the remote cooling mode and the right side shows the reserved cooling mode.

FIG. 3 shows a battery temperature management mode. In the battery temperature management mode, the battery temperature is controlled by the cooling system by operating the cooling system regardless of the battery SOC.

3, the battery temperature is controlled in the remote cooling mode and the reserved cooling mode shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the battery temperature and the battery temperature It can be understood that the battery temperature management process (driving control of the cooling blower and the rear discharge fan, battery charge amount control, and the like) for managing the temperature in the proper range can be understood in more detail.

Also, the battery temperature management mode of FIG. 3 is a mode automatically forcibly performed to maintain the battery temperature in an appropriate temperature range even when there is no remote cooling request and reserve cooling setting during battery charging. When the battery temperature during charging is out of the proper temperature range The battery temperature management mode is forced to maintain the battery temperature at an appropriate temperature range during charging, thereby increasing charging efficiency.

First, as shown in FIG. 2, when the user operates his / her terminal to request remote cooling operation to the vehicle's wireless communication terminal during charging of the battery, that is, when the wireless communication terminal of the vehicle is received from the user terminal When the remote cooling operation request is received and the received remote cooling operation request is input to the charging controller through the communication controller, the charging controller checks the battery status information provided from the battery controller, that is, the battery SOC.

At this time, if the battery SOC satisfies a predetermined condition, the charge controller turns on the air conditioner controller, and the air conditioner controller controls the operation of the cooling system for remote cooling through the calculation of the indoor heat load and the determination of the target set temperature do.

The charge controller also allows the battery controller to control the operation of the battery cooling system (cooling blower and rear discharge fan), so that the battery temperature can be maintained within the proper temperature range.

In the SOC check process, the operation of the cooling system (the operation of the air conditioning controller and the operation of the cooling system under the control of the air conditioning controller) taking into account the consumed energy of the cooling system according to the battery charge amount for running, the outside air temperature, The SOC condition to be activated is determined.

In this process, the charge controller determines the reference SOC value from the map data set in advance on the basis of the outside temperature and the irradiation amount information, determines that the remote cooling can be performed when the current battery SOC becomes equal to or greater than the reference SOC value, on.

FIG. 4 is an example of map data for determining a reference SOC value. The reference SOC value corresponding to the current outside temperature and the solar radiation amount is extracted from the map data as shown in FIG. .

When the battery SOC satisfies the reference SOC value or higher, the air conditioning controller calculates the indoor heat load. The indoor heat load can be set to be calculated based on the indoor temperature, the outdoor temperature, and the solar radiation amount information. The thermal load calculation equation can be set as shown in the following equation (1).

Indoor heat load = Offset + K1 (T1 - Tin) + K2 (1)

Herein, Tin denotes a room temperature, Offset, K1, and K2 are values determined in advance from a preliminary test for the vehicle, K1 is an indoor temperature-related compensation coefficient, K2 is an outdoor temperature- to be.

The indoor heat load value calculated as above is used to determine the target set temperature. At this time, the target set temperature is determined from the data defining the correlation between the indoor heat load and the target set temperature.

5 is a diagram showing an example of data used to determine the target set temperature from the indoor heat load value. When the indoor heat load is less than L set in advance, the target set temperature is determined as T1, and when the indoor heat load is L or more, it is determined as T2.

When the indoor heat load and the target set temperature are determined as described above, the operation of the cooling system is started, and the operation time is counted from the time when the operation of the cooling system is started. Thereafter, by the operation and control of the cooling system, The indoor cooling is performed.

The operation of the cooling system must be within the limits of the power supplied from outside the vehicle, and the battery charge must also be taken into account.

To do this, it is necessary to reach the target set temperature with minimum energy, and also to manage the energy consumed by the operation of the cooling system after reaching.

Accordingly, it is preferable that the on / off state of the compressor, the air volume and the wind direction are controlled under real-time control of the indoor heat load of the vehicle under the control of the air conditioner controller when the cooling system is operated. Basically, (The inner and outer airway position is set to the circulation mode).

6 is a diagram showing an example of on / off control, air volume and direction control of the compressor according to the indoor heat load calculated in the previous step. As shown in the figure, the on / off control of the compressor is controlled according to the indoor heat load, The air flow rate is controlled by controlling the driving voltage (driving speed) applied to the air conditioning blower according to the thermal load.

Referring to FIG. 6 (b), an example of map data defining the driving voltage according to the indoor heat load is shown, and the control value for indoor heat load is extracted from the map data to control the air conditioning blower driving and air volume.

In addition, the position of the mode control door is controlled according to the indoor heat load to control the direction of the cooling air discharged into the vehicle interior (control of the wind direction mode). As shown in FIG. 6C, when the indoor heat load is high, (Mode 1). When the indoor heat load is low, the cooling air is controlled to be discharged through the vent in the face and foot (Mode 2).

Also preferably, the air conditioning controller can be set to control the compressor operation after determining the compressor operating permissible power and the operating target amount (which corresponds to the evaporator target temperature) based on the room temperature and the target set temperature.

That is, FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the compressor allowable power (a) and the evaporator target temperature (b) setting map, in which the compressor operation permissible power and the operation target amount-related evaporator target temperature are set to a difference between the target set temperature and the feedback room temperature Are extracted from the setting map as shown in Figs. 7 (a) and 7 (b), and the extracted value is reflected in the operation of the compressor.

For example, the operating power of the compressor is limited to the compressor operating allowable power determined as above, but the compressor operating allowable power is adjusted upward as the difference between the target set temperature and the room temperature is greater.

Further, the operation of the compressor can be controlled based on the evaporator target temperature after the evaporator target temperature is determined and the evaporator temperature measured in real time by the sensor. At this time, under the condition that the evaporator temperature reaches the evaporator target temperature ), A method of stopping the operation of the compressor may be applied.

When the maximum operating time is reached, the air conditioner controller and the cooling system are completely turned off (air conditioning off), and the battery cooling system (cooling blower) And the rear discharge fan) are also turned off.

Also, when the cooling system is turned off, the air conditioner controller may be set to inform the user's terminal of the cooling system off (using a text message or the like) through the communication controller and the in-vehicle wireless communication terminal.

This is to prevent the power consumption during an excessive period of time since it is judged that the driver is out of the initial operation intention.

In addition to the forced management mode (in the case of non-remote cooling and reserved cooling) for managing the battery temperature during charging, the management mode as shown in FIG. 3 is also performed for battery temperature management in the remote cooling operation The battery temperature management mode is a mode for operating the battery cooling system according to the battery temperature to maintain the battery temperature in an appropriate temperature range, and a battery cooling system operation map as shown in FIG. 8 can be used.

The battery temperature management mode will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 8. FIG.

First, the battery controller controls on / off of the cooling blower and the rear discharge fan of the battery cooling system according to the battery temperature (battery cell temperature) collected in real time. In particular, as shown in the operation map of FIG. 8, If the temperature rises to more than 2 ((b)), the cooling blower and the rear discharge fan are turned on (the cooling system is turned on) ) In addition to battery cooling, the battery charge is limited to prevent the battery from rising.

This is to prevent the charging efficiency from dropping sharply at a battery temperature of the reference temperature 3 or higher, and the charging amount limiting mode of the reference temperature 3 or higher is a cooling priority mode for prioritizing battery cooling.

Conversely, if the battery temperature falls below the reference temperature 2 after battery cooling, the charge limit is halted to only perform battery cooling. If the battery temperature drops below the reference temperature 1, the cooling blower and rear discharge fan are turned off And the battery cooling is stopped.

Referring to FIG. 3, the battery controller collects the battery temperature to control on / off the operation of the battery cooling system (cooling blower and rear discharge fan) according to the battery temperature, Can be seen.

In addition, when the cooling system operates simultaneously, the cooled air is sucked by the cooled room air and supplied to the battery, so that the battery can be cooled more quickly.

The battery temperature management mode shown in FIG. 3 can be forcibly performed according to the battery temperature even if there is no request for remote cooling by the user or there is no request for reservation cooling, which will be described later, so that the battery temperature during charging can be maintained in the proper temperature range.

As described above, according to the present invention, when the user requests the pre-cooling of the room during charging from the remote place, the interior of the vehicle can be cooled in advance. Such a remote cooling control process controls the room temperature to the target set temperature, So that the driver can start driving the vehicle in a more comfortable state after the cooling is performed in accordance with the target set temperature.

Also, since the precooling is performed using the electric power of the external charging device during charging, battery cooling power consumption can be reduced compared to consuming battery power by starting indoor cooling in the early stage of operation, and the distance of travel can be increased.

In addition, charging efficiency can be improved by controlling the temperature of the battery during charging, and since the vehicle starts traveling in a state where the battery temperature is controlled in an appropriate temperature range, it is expected to improve the initial discharge efficiency and increase the cruising distance.

Meanwhile, when the user operates his / her terminal at a remote place and reserves a driving time point during charging the battery, the reserved cooling mode as well as the remote cooling mode, So that cooling can be performed automatically.

Reservation cooling is a process that is separate from remote cooling. Therefore, if reservation cooling is requested before remote cooling request described above, reservation cooling is performed. Conversely, remote cooling described above is a process that is separate from reservation cooling. If there is a request for remote cooling before the request for cooling, remote cooling proceeds.

2, when the scheduled travel time is received through the in-vehicle wireless communication terminal and the communication controller, the charge controller turns on the air conditioning controller one hour before the scheduled travel time do.

Then, the air conditioner controller calculates the operating point of the cooling system and, at the time of operation, the battery SOC check, the indoor heat load calculation, the target temperature setting, the cooling system operation, the battery cooling system operation ).

In the process of calculating the operating point, the air conditioning controller calculates the operating point by using the target set temperature arrival time map according to the outside temperature and the irradiation amount. An example of the arrival time map is shown in FIG.

The target set temperature arrival time map is map data in which the arrival time (required time) is set according to the outside temperature and the irradiation amount, extracts the time from the arrival time map to the target set temperature, .

If the current SOC state of the battery becomes equal to or greater than the reference SOC value at this time, the battery is pre-cooled and the battery temperature is maintained, If not, the operating point is delayed until the reference SOC value condition is satisfied (battery SOC is above the reference SOC value).

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. Modified forms are also included within the scope of the present invention.

10: Electric vehicle 11: Wireless communication terminal
12: Communication controller 13: Charging controller
14: air conditioning controller 15: battery controller
20: central server 31: computer
32: mobile communication terminal

Claims (14)

(a) the user operates the terminal to request the remote cooling operation of the vehicle while the vehicle battery is being charged by the external charging device; (b) when the wireless communication terminal of the vehicle receives the remote cooling operation request and transmits the remote cooling operation request to the controller, the controller checks the battery SOC; (c) calculating the indoor heat load and determining the target set temperature from the calculated indoor heat load if the condition that the battery SOC is equal to or greater than the reference SOC value is satisfied; (d) activating and controlling the cooling system so that the room temperature is reached and maintained at the target set temperature; (e) controlling operation of the battery cooling system during operation of the cooling system to manage battery temperature,
In the SOC checking process, the reference SOC value is determined from the map data set in advance based on the outside temperature and the irradiation amount information,
The time during which the cooling system is operated is limited to within a predetermined maximum operating time,
The indoor air cooled by the operation of the cooling system during operation of the battery cooling system is supplied to the battery to cool the battery,
When the user operates the terminal and reserves a driving time point while the vehicle battery is being charged by the external charging device before the step (a), the control unit receiving the scheduled driving time calculates an operating time point of the cooling system; Further comprising the step (e) of performing the step (b) by the control unit when the cooling system is operated,
In the calculation of the operation time, the current time and the time required for reaching the target set temperature from the current outside temperature and the irradiation amount are obtained using the target temperature reaching time map according to the outside temperature and the irradiation amount, And the operating point is obtained from the operating point of time.
delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the indoor heat load is calculated based on indoor temperature, outdoor temperature, and radiation amount information.
delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein when the cooling system is turned off when the maximum operation time elapses, the cooling system is notified to the user's terminal through the wireless communication terminal that the cooling system is turned off.
The method according to claim 1,
The operation of the cooling system in the step (d) is controlled by controlling the on / off state of the compressor, the air volume of the air conditioning blower, and the wind direction mode of the cooling air discharged into the vehicle compartment according to the indoor heat load calculated in the step (c) Wherein the temperature of the electric vehicle is controlled by a temperature sensor.
The method according to claim 1 or 6,
In the step (d), the operating permissible power of the compressor and the operation target amount are determined during operation of the cooling system. Then, while the operating power of the compressor is limited to the permissible operating power of the compressor, And the operation of the compressor is stopped under the condition that the operation amount of the compressor reaches the operation target amount.
The method of claim 7,
The compressor operation allowable power is obtained as a value corresponding to a difference between the target set temperature determined in the step (c) and the feedback room temperature,
The evaporator target temperature is determined according to the difference between the target set temperature and the feedback room temperature, and when the evaporator temperature measured in real time reaches the evaporator target temperature, it is determined that the operation amount of the compressor reaches the operation target amount and the operation of the compressor And stopping the charging of the electric vehicle.
The method according to claim 1,
Further comprising a forced management mode step of controlling the battery temperature by controlling the operation of the battery cooling system according to the temperature of the battery being collected in real time while the vehicle battery is being charged by the external charging device Temperature management method.
The method of claim 9,
Wherein when the temperature of the battery rises above a reference temperature, operation of the battery cooling system is performed and battery charge amount limitation is additionally performed.
delete delete delete The method according to claim 1,
If the battery SOC does not satisfy the reference SOC value in the step (b), the operating time is delayed until the reference SOC value condition is satisfied.

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