KR101601269B1 - Electrically conductive composition and photovoltaic battery manufactured from the same - Google Patents
Electrically conductive composition and photovoltaic battery manufactured from the same Download PDFInfo
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- KR101601269B1 KR101601269B1 KR1020090041591A KR20090041591A KR101601269B1 KR 101601269 B1 KR101601269 B1 KR 101601269B1 KR 1020090041591 A KR1020090041591 A KR 1020090041591A KR 20090041591 A KR20090041591 A KR 20090041591A KR 101601269 B1 KR101601269 B1 KR 101601269B1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
The present invention relates to an electroconductive composition, and more particularly, to a composition for forming front and rear electrodes of a photovoltaic (PV) battery and a battery for PV fabricated therefrom. The electrically conductive composition of the present invention is characterized in that the metal powder is used as it is and includes clay and dendrimer.
Although the electroconductive composition of the present invention is applied to the formation of electrodes on a thin substrate, there is no problem in reliability of the product in terms of bowing phenomenon and cell efficiency.
Electroconductive compositions, photovoltaic (PV) cells, dendrimers, clays, silicates, Boeing, battery efficiency
Description
The present invention relates to an electroconductive composition, and more particularly, to a composition for forming front and rear electrodes of a photovoltaic (PV) battery and a battery for PV fabricated therefrom.
In general, the electrode material of the PV cell has a high solid content of 70% or more as a paste-like composition containing Ag as a front electrode and Al as a main material as a back electrode. Conventionally, Ag paste, glass frit, vehicle, various additives and the like were used as main formulations for the Ag paste, and Al powder, glass frit, vehicle and various additives were also used for the Al paste.
However, in recent years, the substrate used for PV cells is becoming thinner due to cost reduction. As a result, the battery efficiency can not be maintained with the above formulation. In particular, in the case of Al as the rear electrode, avoiding the bowing phenomenon Can not.
To solve the above problems, the following compositions have been provided.
1. Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2006-0108547
(c) a glass frit having a softening point in the range of from 300 to 600 DEG C; and (d) a zinc-containing additive having a particle size in the range of from 7 nanometers to less than 100 nanometers. Wherein the thick film conductive composition is dispersed in the medium.
2. Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2007-0040308
(d) an aluminum-containing powder dispersed in an organic medium, (b) an amorphous silicon dioxide, and (c) optionally one or more glass frit compositions.
3. Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2007-0067636
A first silver powder having a crystallite diameter of 58 nm or more, a second silver powder having a different crystallite diameter from the silver powder, glass frit, and a resin binder.
The prior art attempts to solve the problem by controlling metal powder or various additives that affect the bowing phenomenon of the electrode. However, when the metal powder is changed, the efficiency of the battery is significantly lowered. In the case of using an additive, in particular, in the case of an organic additive, residual coal remains after firing.
Accordingly, there is a demand for development of an electrically conductive composition for providing a product having an improved Boeing phenomenon without deteriorating the cell efficiency.
The present invention relates to an electroconductive composition for use in the production of a battery, which uses the conventional metal powder as it is and does not affect the cell efficiency even when applied to a thin substrate, .
The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising 70 to 80% by weight of a metal powder, 3 to 7% by weight of glass frit and 10 to 30% by weight of a vehicle, wherein the vehicle comprises 5 to 50% by weight of a binder, 40 to 90% by weight of a solvent, By weight and 0.1 to 3% by weight of clay, based on the total weight of the composition.
The dendrimer is a compound wherein the terminal group is an alcohol group; Or an acrylate group substituted or unsubstituted with an alkyl group, an alkoxy group or an ether group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms.
* The dendrimer may be a t-butylcarboxyl group in the repeating unit.
The clay may be selected from the group consisting of montmorillonite, bentonite, nontronite, biedellite, volkonskonite, hectorite, saponite, May be at least one selected from the group consisting of sauconite, sobockite, stevensite, svinfordite and vermiculite.
The solvent may be selected from the group consisting of toluene, PGMEA, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetone, methanol, butyl carbitol, butyl carbitol acetate, butyl cellosolve, butyl cellosolve acetate, terpineol, and the like.
Preferably, the metal powder is Ag or Al.
The glass frit may be at least one selected from the group consisting of Bi 2 O 3 , B 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , CdO, CaO, BaO, ZnO, Na 2 O, Li 2 O, PbO and ZrO .
The present invention provides a PV cell comprising an electrode made of the electroconductive composition.
The electroconductive compositions comprising the clay and dendrimer of the present invention can be used to form electrodes on thin substrates, especially in PV cell fabrication. That is, there is no problem in the reliability of the product in terms of the cell efficiency and the bowing phenomenon. In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an electroconductive composition capable of minimizing the amount of additive added while using the metal powder as it is.
The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising 70 to 80% by weight of a metal powder, 3 to 7% by weight of glass frit and 10 to 30% by weight of a vehicle, wherein the vehicle comprises 5 to 50% by weight of a binder, 40 to 90% by weight of a solvent, And 0.1 to 3% by weight of clay, based on the total weight of the composition.
Particularly, the composition of the present invention is an electrode-forming paste used for manufacturing front and rear electrodes of a PV cell.
Metal powder uses Ag for the front electrode of the PV cell and Al for the rear electrode. The size, shape, type of surface treatment, and presence or absence of the metal powder are used in an optimal combination according to the use company and the use. The metal powder may have a size of 1 to 4 μm, and the shape thereof may be a sphere, a plate, a bell or a flake, and a surface treatment using an organic acid or the like may be used. The powder may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds of powders.
The glass frit may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of Bi 2 O 3 , B 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , CdO, CaO, BaO, ZnO, Na 2 O, Li 2 O, PbO and ZrO use. Preferably, the glass frit uses a borosilicate frit comprising B 2 O 3 and SiO 2 , for example a borosilicate frit of lead borosilicate frit, bismuth, cadmium, barium, calcium or other alkaline earth metals .
The vehicle consists of a binder, a solvent, a dendrimer and a clay. Preferably, the vehicle may comprise from 5 to 50% by weight of binder, from 40 to 90% by weight of solvent, from 1 to 10% by weight of dendrimer, and from 0.1 to 3% by weight of clay.
Ethylcellulose or nitrocellulose may be used as the binder. Preferably, ethylcellulose is used. Ethylcellulose is used alone or in combination with molecular weight. Products with viscosity of 4, 7, 10, 20, 45, 100, 200, etc. are used according to the molecular weight. The viscosity was measured with a Brookfield viscometer at 25 ° C by making an ethylcellulose solution in 80/20 toluene / alcohol solvent.
The dendrimer of the present invention has the form of a dendritic alcohol or a dendritic acrylate. A dendrimer is a macromolecular compound having a spherical structure in which a branch-like unit structure repeatedly extends from a core molecule as shown in Fig. The dendrimer contained in the composition of the present invention is a dendritic alcohol or a dendritic acrylate in which the terminal group is an alcohol group or acrylate.
That is, the terminal groups are all alcohol groups as shown in the following Formula 1, and the terminal groups are all acrylate groups as shown in the following Formula 2, and a mixture of alcohol groups and acrylate groups as shown in Formula 3 below. In addition, a part of the acrylate group may be in the form of a long chain alkyl group as shown in the following formula (4).
[Chemical Formula 1]
(2)
(3)
[Chemical Formula 4]
The dendrimer contained in the composition of the present invention is characterized in that the repeating unit of the dendrimer is a t-butylcarboxyl group as shown in the following general formula (5) or (6).
[Chemical Formula 5]
[Chemical Formula 6]
Dendrimers are structurally and chemically capable of improving the dispersibility of pigments, dyes and minerals, and are easily controlled in viscosity due to their physical structure.
Examples of the solvent used for preparing the vehicle include toluene, PGMEA, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetone, methanol, butyl carbitol, butyl carbitol acetate, butyl cellosolve, butyl cellosolve acetate, terpineol Can be used. The solvent may be used alone or in combination, and it is most preferable to use butyl carbitol acetate and terpineol in a ratio of 50:50.
The clay may be selected from the group consisting of montmorillonite, bentonite, nontronite, biedellite, volkonskonite, hectorite, saponite, Silicates such as sauconite, sobockite, stevensite, svinfordite, vermiculite and the like can be used. Particularly, it is preferable to use an organically treated layered silicate montmorillonite. The clay is dried in a drying oven at 70-100 ° C. for 2 days or more, and 0.1 to 3% by weight of the clay is dispersed in the vehicle. Preferably 0.5 to 3% by weight.
The following examples illustrate the invention. It is to be understood, however, that these embodiments are provided for the purpose of illustration and that those skilled in the art will be able to make various modifications, changes, additions, .
Example One
70 g of Al as the metal powder and 5 g of PbO-Bi 2 O 3 -B 2 O 3 -ZnO-SiO 2 as the glass frit were used. 25 g of the vehicle was used, 90% of which was a 50:50 mixture of butyl carbitol acetate and terpineol, 10% was ethyl cellulose (viscosity 4 and 200 were mixed in a ratio of 3: 1 Was used.
As the quaternary ammonium salt, natural montmorillonite modified to 0.5 phr (parts per hundred), that is, 0.5 g per 100 g of the above powder, glass frit and vehicle, the dendrimer, , 3.0 phr (3.0 g) having a molecular weight of 2500, a viscosity of 850 cps (at 60 ° C) and an acid value of 11 mg KOH / g was used.
(7)
An electroconductive composition was prepared from the above blend and used as a back electrode of a PV cell to produce a PV cell. The substrate used for the cell fabrication was 150 mu m.
The battery was evaluated for the Boeing phenomenon.
Example 2
An electrode paste and a battery were prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a dendrimer having a molecular weight of 2800, a viscosity of 950 cps (at 60 占 폚) and an acid value of 11 mg KOH / g was used.
[Chemical Formula 8]
Example 3
An electrode paste and a battery were prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a dendrimer having a molecular weight of 8500, a viscosity of 6000 cps (at 60 占 폚) and an acid value of 20 mgKOH / g was used.
[Formula 9]
Example 4
An electrode paste and a cell were prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a dendrimer having a molecular weight of 15000, a viscosity of 12000 cps (at 60 占 폚) and an acid value of 20 mgKOH / g was used.
[Chemical formula 10]
Comparative Example
Electrode paste and battery were prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that dendrimer and montmorillonite were not included.
The desirable Boeing phenomenon in a battery exhibits excellent properties in the region of about 1.1 mm or less. It was confirmed that the bowing phenomenon was significantly improved when the rear electrode was prepared with the composition of the present invention compared to the comparative electrode. On the other hand, it was found that the batteries of the above-mentioned Examples had no large variation in battery efficiency as a result of the measurement.
Figure 1 shows the general structure of dendrimer compounds.
Claims (8)
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| KR101272998B1 (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2013-06-10 | 엘지이노텍 주식회사 | Solar cell and solar cell module unsing the same |
| US8894888B2 (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2014-11-25 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Conductive paste composition with synthetic clay additive and its use in the manufacture of semiconductor devices |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070293632A1 (en) | 2004-11-30 | 2007-12-20 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft, A German Corporation | Postcrosslinking of Water Absorbing Polymeric Particles |
| US20080135721A1 (en) | 2006-12-06 | 2008-06-12 | General Electric Company | Casting compositions for manufacturing metal casting and methods of manufacturing thereof |
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| JP5308676B2 (en) * | 2005-02-22 | 2013-10-09 | 住友化学株式会社 | High band gap arylene polymer |
| KR101221789B1 (en) * | 2006-12-28 | 2013-01-11 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Organic memory device and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070293632A1 (en) | 2004-11-30 | 2007-12-20 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft, A German Corporation | Postcrosslinking of Water Absorbing Polymeric Particles |
| US20080135721A1 (en) | 2006-12-06 | 2008-06-12 | General Electric Company | Casting compositions for manufacturing metal casting and methods of manufacturing thereof |
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