KR101528269B1 - A method for playing a moving picture - Google Patents

A method for playing a moving picture Download PDF

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Publication number
KR101528269B1
KR101528269B1 KR1020140117774A KR20140117774A KR101528269B1 KR 101528269 B1 KR101528269 B1 KR 101528269B1 KR 1020140117774 A KR1020140117774 A KR 1020140117774A KR 20140117774 A KR20140117774 A KR 20140117774A KR 101528269 B1 KR101528269 B1 KR 101528269B1
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
gop
frame
encoded stream
frames
buffer
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KR1020140117774A
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Korean (ko)
Inventor
원용광
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(주)브레인키즈
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Priority to KR1020140117774A priority Critical patent/KR101528269B1/en
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Publication of KR101528269B1 publication Critical patent/KR101528269B1/en
Priority to PCT/KR2015/007951 priority patent/WO2016036009A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/177—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being a group of pictures [GOP]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/44—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream, rendering scenes according to MPEG-4 scene graphs

Abstract

Disclosed is a method for playing a moving picture, which comprises: storing an encoding stream which includes a plurality of frames by a plurality of groups of picture (GOP) unit in a buffer; decoding the picture groups stored in the buffer by a plurality of groups of picture (GOP) unit; and providing the decoded pictures to an output unit wherein the GOP includes a frame I, which is an intra frame, and a plurality of frame Ps, which are inter frames, following the frame I. According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, when the moving picture is played in a reverse direction, a moving picture marker can be moved to a preceding frame I of a second GOP from a first GOP by unit GOP. thereby playing the recorded moving picture in a reverse direction from a random point. In addition to that, the method is capable of performing a parallel processing which reads other GOPs while decoding a specific GOP.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for playing a moving picture,

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a moving picture reproducing method, and more particularly, to a moving picture decoding method in a picture group unit.

In the video encoding technique, an encoding method such as MPEG-4, AVC, and HEVC (High Efficiency Video Coding) uses a motion prediction and compensation technique, which is correlation information between frames, as shown in FIG. 1 shows a frame structure in a video decoding technique according to the prior art. Referring to FIG. 1, the I-frames 100 and 105 are represented by frame numbers 100 and 105, and the P-frames 101 to 104 and 106 to 109 are frames Denoted by the numbers 101 to 104 and 106 to 109, and includes two groups of pictures (GOPs). Generally, a group of pictures (GOP) includes only one I frame and only P frames before the next I frame. In FIG. 1, the GOP size is 5, no. 1, the first P frame 101, 106 is compared to neighboring I frames 100, 105 and the second P frames 102-104 and 107-109 are compared with the neighboring first P frames 101, 106), and only the difference value is encoded.

On the other hand, in the video decoding method according to the related art, the video stream is read out from the buffer on a frame basis and decoded. Therefore, in the case of backward reproduction of a moving picture, a P frame can be decoded by decoding all the previous P frames and I frames. In such a case, it is inevitable to perform backward reproduction by moving in units of I frames, and there is a problem in that a video at a specific time point can not be reproduced in the reverse playback of the recorded video image.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and method for reproducing a recorded image in a reverse direction. The method also allows a parallel process to read a different GOP from memory while decoding a particular GOP.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a moving picture reproducing method for storing an encoded stream including a plurality of frames in a buffer in units of a group of pictures (GOP) ; Decoding the plurality of picture groups stored in the buffer in units of the GOP; And providing the decoded image to an output unit, wherein the GOP unit includes an I frame that is an intra frame and a plurality of P frames that are an inter frame following the I frame.

Here, the moving picture reproducing method may further include shifting to an I frame of a second GOP preceding a first GOP including a currently playing frame when the moving picture playback mode is the reverse mode.

The moving picture reproducing method may further include storing the second GOP and the first GOP in a buffer in units of GOPs; Decoding the first GOP and the second GOP stored in the buffer in units of GOP; Rearranging the order of the frames in the first GOP and the second GOP; And providing the rearranged first and second GOPs to the output unit.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a moving picture reproducing apparatus including: a buffer for storing an encoded stream including a plurality of frames in units of a group of pictures (GOP); A decoder for decoding a plurality of picture groups stored in the buffer in units of GOPs; And an output unit for outputting the decoded image, wherein the GOP unit includes a plurality of P frames, which are an I frame, which is an intra frame, and an inter frame, which is followed by the I frame.

Here, the moving picture reproducing apparatus may include an input unit for receiving a reverse playback input from a user; When the reverse playback input is received, the moving picture playback mode is changed to the reverse mode, and the moving picture playback mode is shifted to the I frame of the second GOP preceding the first GOP including the currently playing frame while the moving picture playback mode is in the reverse mode And a control unit for controlling the control unit.

In the moving picture reproducing apparatus, the buffer stores the second GOP and the first GOP in units of GOPs, and the decoder decodes the first GOP and the second GOP stored in the buffer in units of GOPs, Rearranges the order of the frames in the first GOP and the second GOP, and the output unit sequentially reproduces the decoded rearranged first GOP and the second GOP by the decoder.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a moving picture encoding method comprising: generating an encoded stream including a plurality of frames including a group of pictures (GOP); And providing the generated encoded stream to an output unit, wherein the encoded stream includes an index file area and a frame storage area, and the index file area indicates a position of an I frame that is an intra frame .

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a moving picture encoding apparatus including: an encoder for generating an encoded stream including a plurality of frames composed of a plurality of groups of pictures (GOPs); And an output unit for providing the encoded stream generated from the encoder to a moving picture reproducing apparatus, wherein the encoded stream includes an index file area and a frame storing area, and the index file area is an I frame .

In order to solve the above-described problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for reproducing a moving picture according to embodiments of the present invention, in which a picture marker is reproduced from a second GOP preceding a unit GOP It is possible to reproduce an image at an arbitrary point in moving backward in the I frame and reproducing the recorded image in the reverse direction. The method also allows a parallel process to read a different GOP from memory while decoding a particular GOP.

1 shows a frame structure in a video decoding technique according to the prior art.
2 shows a block diagram of a moving picture reproducing apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 illustrates a forward reproduction method of moving pictures performed by the moving picture reproduction apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 illustrates a frame structure of an encoded stream that is encoded and transmitted by the moving picture encoding apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 illustrates a method of reversely reproducing moving pictures performed by the moving picture reproducing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. Is provided to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art, and the invention is only defined by the scope of the claims. It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. In the present specification, the singular form includes plural forms unless otherwise specified in the specification. It is noted that the terms "comprises" and / or "comprising" used in the specification are intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the components, steps, operations, and / Or additions. The terms first, second, etc. may be used to describe various elements, but the elements should not be limited by terms. Terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another.

FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a moving picture reproducing apparatus 200 according to the present invention. The moving picture reproducing apparatus 200 includes a receiving unit 210, a buffer 220, a decoder 230, an output unit 240, an input unit 250, a control unit 260, and a memory 270. FIG. 3 illustrates a forward playback method of moving pictures performed by the moving picture playback apparatus 200. FIG. In this regard, AVC (Advanced Video Coding) standard / ITU-T H.264 recommendation (hereinafter referred to as " MPEG-4 standard ") of Part 10 of International Organization for Standardization / International Electrotechnical Commission MPEG- 4 AVC standard), the frame number as a syntax element is used as an identifier for a picture, and has several restrictions as defined in the MPEG-4 AVC standard. The primary purpose of the frame number is to act as a counter that is incremented each time the picture is decoded, so that in the event of data loss, the decoder detects that some pictures have been lost and can solve the problem. The frame number increases in the decoding order of the access unit, and it is not necessary to indicate the display order. However, in the present invention, it is an object to decode based on a picture group (GOP) unit including a plurality of frames, instead of decoding based on a frame number in reproducing the picture. 3 to 5, it is assumed that the size of the GOP is 5. However, the size of the GOP is not limited to 5, and a variable length may be set for each GOP. In the case of this variable length method, it is possible to decode data of a block included in the resizing area set by the resizing control signal upon variable length decoding.

Meanwhile, FIG. 4 illustrates a frame structure of an encoded stream 300 encoded and transmitted by a moving picture encoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIGS. 2 to 4, the receiver 210 receives the encoded stream 300. The encoded stream 300 may include a data structure encoded by a moving picture encoding apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and may include a data structure encoded by a conventional encoding scheme. The buffer 210 stores the encoded stream 300 including a plurality of frames 100 to 119 received from the receiver 210 in units of a plurality of GOPs.

The encoded stream 300 includes a file header 310, an index file area 320, and a frame storage area 330. The file header 310 includes control information for decoding, and specifically includes at least one of a synchronization code, a packet error indicator, a payload start indicator, a decoder priority, a packet type identifier, a scramble control, and an adaptive field control . The index file area 320 indicates the position of an I frame which is an intra frame, and may be specifically a frame number of the I frame or an address value in an array. The method of indicating the position of the I frame indicated in the index file area 320 is particularly useful for a dynamic frame configuration by the GOP setting of the variable length method. In other words, it becomes easy to configure to decode data of a block included in the resizing area set by the resizing control signal upon variable length decoding. The index file area 320 is one of the main features distinguishing the data structure encoded by the moving picture encoding method of the present invention from the data structure encoded by the general moving picture encoding method, The index file area 320 is not included. In this case, the moving picture reproducing apparatus 200 stores a predetermined amount of time from the received encoding stream 300 in the memory, and indexes the positions of all I frames included in the video data of the corresponding amount. Thereafter, the image data stored in the memory can be reproduced or inversely reproduced based on the generated indexing information.

Meanwhile, the frame storage area 330 corresponds to the plurality of frames 100 to 119 including I frame and P frames. Here, the I frame is an intra frame, which has a similar structure to JPEG image data and is not encoded with reference to other frames, and thus is an image that can be decoded independently without performing a motion compensation operation. On the other hand, the P frame is an inter frame, which is encoded with reference to previous frames. Therefore, the P frame needs to perform a motion compensation operation with reference to previous frames. In this regard, in the case of the HEVC, since the GPB frame in which the P frame is generalized is used instead, the P frame in the present invention can be replaced by the GPB of the HEVC.

 In addition, since a B frame image (not shown) is an image to compensate for motion with reference to a previous frame image and a next frame image, if it is applied only to a one-way motion prediction in a B frame, The frame may be replaced with a P frame.

When the encoded stream 300 is received, the moving picture reproducing apparatus 200 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention displays the first and second I frame position values in the file header 310 and the index file area 320, And stores the encoded stream 300 including the plurality of frames 100 to 119 in units of GOPs.

The decoder 230 decodes a plurality of picture groups stored in the buffer 220 in units of GOPs. Herein, I frames 100, 105, 110 and 115 are independently decodable and P frames 101 to 104, 106 to 109, 111 to 114 and 115 to 119 correspond to the I frames 100, 105, 110, 115 and the decoding result of the P frame located before the P frame.

The output unit 240 sequentially reproduces the decoded video according to a frame number. The input unit 250 receives a reverse playback input from a user, and the input unit receives a user input through a button provided in the moving picture reproducing apparatus 200, or receives a user input through the output unit 240 corresponding to the display, Input can be received. In this regard, FIG. 5 illustrates a method of reversely reproducing moving pictures performed by the moving picture reproducing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In response to receiving the reverse playback input from the input unit, the control unit 260 converts the moving picture playback mode into the reverse mode, and outputs a second GOP (the first GOP) 110 to 114 in the I frame. Referring to FIG. 5, when a reverse playback input is received from the user at the time of frame number 115 to 119 playback, the input unit 250 transmits an interrupt signal to the controller 260 based on the reverse playback input. The controller 260 receives the interrupt signal and converts the motion picture playback mode into a reverse mode. The controller 260 converts the picture markers indicating the current playback point into a second GOP by a unit GOP in the frames in the first GOPs 115 to 119, To the I frame 110 of the GOP. That is, moving from the first GOP 115-119 to the I frame 110 of the second GOP 110-114 precedes the unit GOP, the position of the current frame is shifted to the last P frame of the first GOP 115-119, (119), it means movement to two previous GOPs based on a GOP to be reproduced next (not shown). The above process is repeated while the moving image playback mode is the reverse mode.

The memory 270 stores the plurality of GOPs before transmitting the plurality of GOPs temporarily stored in the buffer 220 to the decoder 230. [ Here, a plurality of GOPs decoded by the decoder 230 may be stored in the memory 270.

In the reverse reproduction according to an embodiment of the present invention, the buffer 220 reads the second GOPs 110 to 114 and the first GOPs 115 to 119 from the memory 270 in units of GOP The decoder 230 decodes the first GOPs 115 to 119 and the second GOPs 110 to 114 stored in the buffer 220 in units of GOPs. At this time, the controller 260 rearranges the frame order in the decoded GOP for backward reproduction. The output unit 240 sequentially reproduces the first GOPs 119 to 115 and the second GOPs 114 to 110 decoded and rearranged by the decoder 230.

When the second GOPs 110 to 114 are stored in the buffer, the control unit 260 controls the I (i) of the third GOPs 105 to 109, which precede the unit GOP, Frame and the buffer 220 reads the third GOP 105-109 from the memory 270 and the decoder 230 reads the third GOP stored in the buffer 220, 105 to 109). Likewise, the controller 260 rearranges the frame order in the decoded GOP for backward reproduction. Similarly, the fourth GOP 105-109 may be decoded and then subjected to frame rearrangement.

On the other hand, the output unit 240 reproduces the rearranged third GOPs 109 to 105 after reproducing the rearranged first GOPs 119 to 115 and the second GOPs 114 to 110 .

On the other hand, in the video decoding method according to the related art, the video stream is read out from the buffer on a frame basis and decoded. Therefore, in the case of backward reproduction of a moving picture, a P frame can be decoded by decoding all the previous P frames and I frames. In such a case, it is inevitable to perform backward reproduction by moving in units of I frames, and there is a problem in that a video at a specific time point can not be reproduced in the reverse playback of the recorded video image.

Therefore, in the moving picture reproducing method according to the embodiments of the present invention, in the reverse reproduction, the picture marker is moved to the I frame of the second GOP preceding the already-reproduced first GOP by a unit GOP, and the recorded picture is played back It is possible to reproduce an image at an arbitrary point in time. The method also allows a parallel process to read a different GOP from memory while decoding a particular GOP.

Although the present invention has been described in connection with the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it is possible to make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that the appended claims cover all such modifications and variations as fall within the true spirit of the invention.

Claims (14)

A moving picture reproducing method,
Storing an encoded stream including a plurality of frames in a buffer in units of a group of pictures (GOP);
Decoding a plurality of picture groups stored in the buffer by the decoder in units of the GOP; And
And providing the decoded image to an output unit,
Wherein the GOP unit comprises an I frame that is an intra frame and a plurality of P frames that are subsequent to the I frame and that are inter frames,
Wherein when an index file area indicating the position of the I frame is included in the encoded stream, the decoder decodes the encoded stream in units of GOP based on the position of the I frame detected with reference to the index file area,
If the index file area is not included in the encoded stream, the decoder extracts video data of a predetermined amount of time from the encoded stream, indexes the positions of all I frames included in the extracted video data And decodes the extracted image data based on the generated indexing information. The method according to claim 1,
Moving to an I frame of a second GOP that precedes a first GOP including a currently playing frame by a unit GOP when the moving picture playback mode is the backward mode. 3. The method of claim 2,
Storing the second GOP and the first GOP in a buffer in units of GOP;
Decoding the first GOP and the second GOP stored in the buffer in units of GOP;
Rearranging the order of the frames in the first GOP and the second GOP; And
And providing the rearranged first and second GOPs to the output unit. The method of claim 3,
Moving to an I frame of a third GOP preceding a second GOP by a unit GOP when the second GOP is stored in a buffer;
Storing the third GOP in a buffer; and
And decoding the third GOP stored in the buffer. 5. The method of claim 4,
And providing the decoded third GOP to the output after providing the first GOP and the second GOP to an output device. In the moving picture reproducing apparatus,
A buffer for storing an encoded stream including a plurality of frames in units of a group of pictures (GOP);
A decoder for decoding a plurality of picture groups stored in the buffer in units of GOPs; And
And an output unit for outputting the decoded image,
Wherein the GOP unit comprises a plurality of P frames that are an intra frame intra frame and an inter frame subsequent to the I frame,
Wherein when an index file area indicating the position of the I frame is included in the encoded stream, the decoder decodes the encoded stream in units of GOP based on the position of the I frame detected with reference to the index file area,
If the index file area is not included in the encoded stream, the decoder extracts video data of a predetermined amount of time from the encoded stream, indexes the positions of all I frames included in the extracted video data And decodes the extracted image data based on the generated indexing information. The method according to claim 6,
An input unit for receiving a reverse playback input from a user; And
When the reverse playback input is received, the moving picture playback mode is changed to the reverse mode, and the moving picture playback mode is shifted to the I frame of the second GOP preceding the first GOP including the currently playing frame while the moving picture playback mode is in the reverse mode And a control unit for controlling the moving picture reproducing apparatus. 8. The method of claim 7,
Wherein the buffer stores the second GOP and the first GOP in GOP units,
The decoder decodes the first GOP and the second GOP stored in the buffer in units of GOP, rearranges the order of the frames in the decoded first GOP and the second GOP,
Wherein the output unit sequentially plays back the decoded and rearranged first GOP and the second GOP by the decoder. 9. The method of claim 8,
The control unit controls to move to an I frame of a third GOP that precedes the second GOP by two GOPs when the second GOP is stored in the buffer,
The buffer storing the third GOP, and
And the decoder decodes the third GOP stored in the buffer. 10. The method of claim 9,
And the output unit reproduces the decoded third GOP after reproducing the first GOP and the second GOP. In the moving picture encoding method,
Generating an encoded stream including a plurality of frames composed of a plurality of group of pictures (GOPs); And
And providing the generated encoding stream to an output unit,
Wherein the encoded stream includes an index file area and a frame storage area, the index file area indicates a position of an I frame which is an intra frame,
The encoded stream is played forward or backward in units of GOP,
Wherein the encoded stream is divided into units of GOP based on a position of an I frame determined by referring to the index file area. 12. The method of claim 11,
Wherein the frame storage area includes the plurality of unit GOPs,
Wherein the unit GOP comprises a plurality of P frames subsequent to the I frame and being an inter frame. A moving picture encoding apparatus comprising:
An encoder for generating an encoded stream including a plurality of frames constituted by a plurality of group of pictures (GOPs); And
And an output unit for providing the encoded stream generated from the encoder to a moving picture reproducing apparatus,
Wherein the encoded stream includes an index file area and a frame storage area, and the index file area indicates a position of an I frame that is an intra frame. 14. The method of claim 13,
Wherein the frame storage area includes the plurality of unit GOPs,
Wherein the unit GOP includes a plurality of P frames subsequent to the I frame and being an inter frame,
The encoded stream is played forward or backward in units of GOP,
Wherein the encoded stream is divided into units of GOP based on a position of an I frame determined by referring to the index file area.
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