KR101475912B1 - Apparatus and method for managing battery with optimum performance of HV or EV - Google Patents

Abstract

A battery management apparatus for optimal operation of a vehicle according to the present invention includes: a storage unit for storing SOC reduction rate information classified based on a speed of a vehicle and an SOC of the battery; An SOC generation unit for generating current SOC information of a battery included in the vehicle; A speed sensing unit for sensing current vehicle speed information; A controller for calculating and generating current SOC reduction rate information, which is a current SOC reduction rate, using the stored SOC reduction rate information, the current SOC information of the battery, and the current vehicle speed information; And an output unit for outputting the generated current SOC reduction rate information.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a battery management apparatus,

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for managing a battery mounted on an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle, and a battery pack using the same. More specifically, And a battery management device capable of inducing optimized operation of the vehicle according to the current state of the battery pack.

Secondary batteries having high electrical properties such as high energy density and high ease of application according to the product group are widely used not only in portable devices but also in electric vehicles (EVs) or hybrid vehicles (HVs) driven by electric driving sources Has been applied.

Such a secondary battery is not only a primary advantage that the use of fossil fuel can be drastically reduced, but also produces no by-products resulting from the use of energy, and thus is attracting attention as a new energy source for enhancing environmental friendliness and energy efficiency.

In recent years, the issue of depletion of energy resources by fossil fuels, issues of environmental pollution, and economical efficiency of energy use have been highlighted. Thus, it is necessary to effectively overcome the inconsistency between power consumption and power production, A smart grid system that flexibly adjusts the power supply amount in connection with various information communication infrastructures in order to solve overload caused by waste and power supply shortage is actively researched and the secondary battery is effective in such a smart grid system Energy storage and utilization.

The secondary battery may not necessarily be realized by a battery of a portable terminal or the like. However, as described above, a battery applied to an electric vehicle, an energy storage source, or the like is generally used in a form in which a plurality of unit secondary battery cells are collected And thus the suitability for a high-capacity environment is enhanced.

1, when the battery module 10, in which a plurality of secondary battery cells 1 are assembled, is applied to an electric vehicle, electric power supply control such as electric power supply control, current, A battery management system (BMS) for monitoring and controlling the state of a secondary battery is implemented by applying an algorithm for estimating a characteristic value, a charge / discharge control, a voltage equalization control, a state of charge (SOC) Device 30, and the like.

The battery management device 30 controls the electronic control device 31 and the like to control a power system supplied to the vehicle system 20 including a driving load such as a motor as described above, 10 to the vehicle system 20 so as to interfere with the current status of the battery or the like to the user or the driver.

As described above, the battery module 10, which is applied to a vehicle or the like, is composed of a plurality of secondary battery cells connected in series and / or parallel structure. Can be regarded as one system system by electrical connection of the plurality of secondary cells.

As is well known in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, unlike the gasoline engine system, the power system by the secondary battery can not generate state information about the power available at present and physically based on an absolute criterion, Various techniques for estimating or predicting the state of charge (SOC) using property values, variable information (voltage, current, accumulated current, temperature information, etc.) are disclosed. The SOC is generally generated with numerical information quantified as 100% in full charge and 0% in full discharge.

The battery mounted on the electric vehicle is charged or discharged based on the electrochemical characteristics. If the driving of the vehicle is continued, the discharge is continued and the SOC is reduced. If charging is not performed in such an environment and the vehicle continues to be driven (discharged) continuously, the battery enters a fully discharged state and there is no additional power source in the electric vehicle. Accordingly, ≪ / RTI >

In this case, when the lithium ion secondary battery cell is exposed to an over-discharge or a completely-discharged state or a low-voltage state due to a primary problem that the vehicle can not be driven in an unintended state, the electrochemical characteristics If the secondary battery is continuously exposed to such a state, the deterioration phenomenon is accelerated to deteriorate the overall performance of the battery, and it is impossible to guarantee the normal lifetime of the battery.

On the other hand, since the rechargeable battery has a profile characteristic in which the reduction rate of the charge amount that can be supplied to the driving means of the vehicle is non-linearly decreased in accordance with the size of the battery discharged due to its inherent electrochemical characteristics or the current SOC state, The efficiency of operation will be significantly affected.

However, since a battery mounted on an electric vehicle or the like conventionally generates only estimated information on characteristic parameters such as SOC or SOH of the battery and provides it to the driver or the like, the reduction rate of the SOC according to the change of the running mode such as high- Or the value of the SOC itself may have a large deviation, the user may not be able to recognize it accurately, so that the predictability of the available distance is not accurate and user-oriented vehicle operation can not be achieved.

In addition, it is necessary to effectively guide the environment-friendly vehicle driving by optimizing the energy efficiency according to the current state information of the vehicle by effectively reflecting the profile characteristics of the secondary battery.

The present invention has been developed in order to solve the above problems and needs in the background as described above, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle speed control system and a hybrid vehicle, The present invention also provides an environmentally friendly battery management device that can reduce energy consumption and realize an environmentally friendly battery management device by optimizing an electric vehicle in a long distance traveling as well as a high speed traveling through a user interfacing method.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention will be described hereinafter and will be understood by the embodiments of the present invention. Further, the objects and advantages of the present invention can be realized by a combination of the constitution and the constitution shown in the claims.

In order to accomplish the above object, the present invention provides a battery management apparatus for optimally driving a vehicle, comprising: a storage unit for storing SOC reduction rate information classified based on a speed of the vehicle and a SOC of the battery; An SOC generation unit for generating current SOC information of a battery included in the vehicle; A speed sensing unit for sensing current vehicle speed information; A controller for calculating and generating current SOC reduction rate information, which is a current SOC reduction rate, using the stored SOC reduction rate information, the current SOC information of the battery, and the current vehicle speed information; And an output unit for outputting the generated current SOC reduction rate information.

Here, the control unit may further generate optimal driving information, which is available time or distance information at the current time, using the current SOC information and the current SOC reduction rate information, and the output unit may output the optimal driving information further .

It is further preferable that the controller of the present invention generates the optimal driving information using the result information obtained by subtracting the over-discharge reference SOC information for protecting the battery from the current SOC information.

For the implementation of the more preferred embodiment, the controller of the present invention can control the alarm information to be output when the SOC reduction rate according to the current speed of the vehicle exceeds the reference SOC reduction rate based on the current SOC information.

In addition, the present invention further includes an optimum speed calculation unit for calculating optimum speed information according to the travel distance information within a range in which the current SOC information is maintained above the over-discharge reference SOC information, when the travel distance information is input from the user In this case, the output unit of the present invention can be configured to further output the optimum speed information.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of managing a battery for optimal operation of a vehicle, the method comprising: generating SOC information of a battery included in a vehicle; A speed sensing step of sensing current vehicle speed information; A control for calculating and generating current SOC reduction rate information which is classified as a SOC reduction rate of the current point of view by using the SOC reduction rate information stored in the memory, the current SOC information of the battery and the current vehicle speed information classified based on the speed of the vehicle and the SOC of the battery, step; And an output step of outputting the generated current SOC reduction rate information.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a battery pack for optimal operation of a vehicle, comprising: a battery including a plurality of secondary battery cells; And a management module for controlling and managing the battery, wherein the management module comprises: a storage unit for storing SOC reduction rate information classified based on the speed of the vehicle and the SOC of the battery; A SOC generation unit for sensing current vehicle speed information, a current SOC reduction rate information which is a current SOC reduction rate using the stored SOC reduction rate information, the current SOC information of the battery, and the current vehicle speed information And an output unit for outputting the generated current SOC reduction rate information.

The battery management apparatus, method, and battery pack for optimal operation of the vehicle according to the present invention organically reflect current speed of the electric vehicle or the hybrid vehicle and current SOC state to provide real and effective information about the current vehicle As a matter of course, through this, it is possible to induce the user to operate more environmentally friendly.

Further, it is possible to more effectively provide the information on the SOC reduction rate information, the available distance or the time, and the optimum speed in the current state, thereby providing a more user-oriented infrastructure for system implementation and further improving the operation of the vehicle based on the rechargeable battery It is possible to provide not only optimization but also an effect of realizing safety and stable operation of the vehicle.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention and, together with the description of the invention given below, serve to further the understanding of the technical idea of the invention. And should not be construed as limiting.
1 is a schematic view showing a configuration of a general battery pack managing apparatus,
2 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of a battery management apparatus for optimal operation of a vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a graph showing behavior characteristics of a battery voltage and SOC state with time,
4 is a view illustrating contents of SOC reduction rate information based on a vehicle speed and an SOC state of a battery according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
5 is an exemplary view of a screen interfaced to a user or the like according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a battery management method for optimal vehicle operation according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a battery pack according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Prior to this, terms and words used in the present specification and claims should not be construed as limited to ordinary or dictionary terms, and the inventor should appropriately interpret the concepts of the terms appropriately It should be interpreted in accordance with the meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of the present invention based on the principle that it can be defined.

Therefore, the embodiments described in the present specification and the configurations shown in the drawings are only the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent all the technical aspects of the present invention. Therefore, It is to be understood that equivalents and modifications are possible.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a battery management apparatus (hereinafter referred to as a management apparatus) 100 for optimal operation of a vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a process of a battery management method. FIG.

2, the management apparatus 100 of the present invention includes a characteristic value sensing unit 110, an SOC generation unit 120, a control unit 130, a storage unit 140, a speed sensing unit 150, An optimum speed calculator 170, and an input unit 180. [0033]

The characteristic value sensing unit 110 performs a function of measuring or sensing a value for correcting an electrical characteristic value such as an electrical characteristic value or a temperature of the battery, such as a voltage or current value of the battery (S600).

When the measured data such as the voltage, current, and temperature are input to the SOC generation unit 120 of the present invention, the SOC generation unit 120 performs a mathematical operation or an algorithm on the input data, SOC is calculated and generated (S610).

The calculation of the SOC is a technique for estimating and generating charge state information of a current battery using variables such as a current, a voltage, an integrated current, and a temperature, and it is a matter of course that a variety of methods can be utilized by those skilled in the art including a Boltzman equation and a Peukert equation.

In the storage unit 140 of the present invention, the SOC reduction rate information is stored in DB form, and the SOC reduction rate information corresponds to the information classified based on the SOC of the battery of each vehicle speed. Hereinafter, the behavior characteristics of the SOC and the SOC reduction rate will be described in detail.

The battery (secondary battery) has a behavior characteristic over time as shown in FIG. 3 due to its electrochemical characteristics. If the battery is discharged without a subsequent charge, that is, when the vehicle is continuously driven, the SOC gradually decreases to 0% .

In this regard, since there is no other driving source other than the power source by the battery module 10 in the electric vehicle, when the battery is completely discharged, the vehicle can not be driven, and if the battery continues to discharge in the SOC state Intrinsic damage is considerably caused in the charge / discharge performance of the individual secondary battery cells 1 constituting the battery module 10.

If such intrinsic damage occurs, the secondary battery cell may suffer a series of problems such as degradation of electrical characteristics for charging or discharging, decrease in performance, and failure to maintain a proper life (useful life).

Therefore, in order to protect the electrochemical elements of the battery during a period in which the current SOC becomes equal to or greater than the reference SOC (MODE1 in FIG. 3) It is preferable to control the BMS or the like so as to limit the driving of the battery or to output guidance information thereon. FIG. 3 illustrates a case where the reference SOC set for battery protection is 10%.

When the charging is subsequently performed, the SOC will gradually increase, and the right part of the graph shown in FIG. 3 shows an increasing SOC according to the charging state.

The reference SOC can be variably set based on specifications, application specifications, mounting environment, hardware resources, history information, and policy reference for safe or stable operation of the secondary battery cell constituting the battery or the battery. Of course. Typically, the secondary battery cell has a rated voltage characteristic (3.2 V to 4.1 V at room temperature), and is preferably set to the reference SOC within such a range that the rated voltage characteristic is not broken.

As described above, when the discharge is performed, the size of the SOC gradually decreases. Also, the larger the size of the discharge, the smaller the SOC is if the SOC has a larger negative slope. Although FIG. 3 shows the SOC in a linear form for convenience of understanding and efficiency of explanation, when the battery supplies electric power to the driving means of the vehicle, The SOC value changes nonlinearly according to the current speed of the vehicle due to the inherent electrochemical reaction and the SOC value of the battery depends on the state of charge of the battery (SOC, State Of Charge) The rate of decrease of the rate of change is different.

Based on the electrochemical reaction performed in the battery and the result of the experiment, it can be said that the SOC of the battery becomes larger as the discharge becomes larger (for example, as the vehicle speed becomes higher) The larger the current SOC is, the smaller the SOC reduction rate is under the same output condition (discharge condition).

Therefore, the performance of the battery can be said to be greatly influenced by the current vehicle speed (the discharge size of the battery) and the current SOC of the battery. Therefore, the present invention proposes a SOC reduction rate of a battery generated according to speed information of a vehicle equipped with a battery and SOC information of a current battery as shown in FIG.

The SOC reduction rate information is stored in the storage unit 140 of the present invention. The SOC reduction rate information corresponds to information classified based on the speed of the vehicle and the SOC of the battery.

The SOC reduction rate means the degree of SOC exhausted per unit time. The fact that the SOC reduction rate is large (absolute value) means that the energy exhaustion per unit time is large, and the small SOC reduction rate means that the energy exhaustion per unit time is relatively small Means that.

As shown in FIG. 4, although the vehicle speed is the same, the SOC reduction rate is different depending on the SOC state of the present battery. 4, the SOC reduction rate information for various variables can be derived by using the interpolation method and the functional equation between variables. Also, since the energy is based on a parameter of time, it is needless to say that the SOC reduction rate can be classified based on the unit time, hour, minute, or second using statistical data.

Meanwhile, the speed sensing unit 150 of the present invention measures the driving speed of the current vehicle using a predetermined sensor mounted on the driving means of the vehicle (S620), and transmits the measured speed information to the control unit 130 of the present invention Output.

The control unit 130 of the present invention determines whether the current SOC value of the battery is input in the SOC generation unit 120 and the SOC reduction rate stored in the storage unit 140 when the speed sensing unit 150 receives the speed information of the vehicle. Information on the SOC reduction rate information at the present time is calculated and generated.

For example, if the current vehicle speed is 50 Km / h and the SOC of the present battery is 50%, the SOC reduction rate at the present point in time is calculated to be -12% through matching processing with the DB shown in FIG. And controls the output unit 160 of the present invention to control the current SOC reduction rate information to be output to a user or the like (S640).

Thus, rather than simply interfacing the current SOC value to a user or the like, information on the SOC reduction rate based on the current vehicle speed and the current SOC value is provided to the user or the like, thereby providing more practical and effective information on the future operation of the vehicle to the user .

Further, the SOC information of the present battery and the SOC reduction rate information are statistically or mathematically calculated to provide time information that is available based on state information of the current vehicle or optimum travel information, which is usable distance information, It is more preferable to configure it so that it can be used.

That is, a user interface environment such as an electric vehicle is implemented in the user interface environment and the current SOC information (a in FIG. 5) of the vehicle, the current speed and the current SOC reduction rate information based on the SOC ), Etc., to the user, and can also provide available effective distance information (d in Fig. 5) based on the current vehicle status information.

Meanwhile, as described above, the driving operation of the vehicle is performed by subtracting the over-discharge reference SOC information that can be set for protecting the performance of the battery to the current SOC information and generating the optimal driving information described above based on the subtracted result It is more preferable to configure the battery pack so as to be able to cope with the worst situation such as interruption or running the battery in an overdischarged state.

In addition, in order to more effectively manage the environmentally friendly operation of the battery so that the excessive speed of the vehicle and the excessive discharge environment of the battery are limited, the reference SOC reduction rate is set and the current SOC reduction rate of the vehicle is monitored to be greater than the reference SOC reduction rate (S650) If the current SCO reduction rate of the vehicle is greater than the reference SOC reduction rate, warning and guidance information is output to the user (S660).

The guide information may be output using a visual medium using an auditory medium such as a speaker or the like, a screen display means such as an LCD, or the like, as well as a G (Green ) And R (Red) may be driven so as to induce a more environmentally friendly battery operation to the user.

In order to implement the more preferable embodiment, when the traveling distance information to be operated by the user is input through the predetermined input unit 180 (S670), the optimum speed calculating unit 170 of the present invention determines whether the current SOC information is the over- The optimum speed information according to the travel distance information is calculated on the basis of the SOC reduction rate, the current SOC information, and the like in a range where the reference SOC information is maintained, (step S680).

7, the battery pack 200 of the present invention may be implemented as a battery pack 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention. A battery module 210 serving as a supply source for supplying electric power to a vehicle and a management module 220 implemented as a module as described above, BMS, or the like.

The battery module 200 according to the present invention may include a plurality of secondary batteries 211. The battery module 200 according to the present invention may include a plurality of rechargeable batteries 211, Communication with the vehicle system 300, transmits information required for driving the vehicle to the vehicle system 300, and inputs information requested by the user or the like.

The detailed description of the configuration including the management module 220 of the battery pack 200 is the same as that of the management device 100 described above,

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the details thereof and that various changes and modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art. And various modifications and variations are possible within the scope of the appended claims.

 In the description of the present invention, each configuration of the management apparatus 100 of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 and the like should be understood as a logical component rather than a physically separated component.

That is, since each configuration corresponds to a logical component for realizing the technical idea of the present invention, even if each component is integrated or separated, if the functions performed by the logical configuration of the present invention can be realized, It is to be understood that any component that performs the same or similar function should be interpreted as falling within the scope of the present invention regardless of the consistency of the name.

In addition, the embodiments and drawings described above may be expressed in a somewhat symbolic and emphasized form in order to effectively explain the technical idea of the present invention. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical idea of the present invention can be applied to a real management device, It is to be understood that appropriate modifications or alterations may be made to those embodiments.

100: management apparatus 110: characteristic value sensing unit
120: SOC generating unit 130:
140: storage unit 150: speed sensing unit
160: output unit 170: optimum speed calculation unit
180: input

Claims (15)

A storage unit for storing SOC reduction rate information classified based on the speed of the vehicle and the SOC of the battery;
An SOC generation unit for generating current SOC information of a battery included in the vehicle;
A speed sensing unit for sensing current vehicle speed information;
A controller for calculating and generating current SOC reduction rate information, which is a current SOC reduction rate, using the stored SOC reduction rate information, the current SOC information of the battery, and the current vehicle speed information; And
And an output unit for outputting the generated current SOC reduction rate information. The apparatus of claim 1,
And further generates optimal driving information, which is available time or distance information at the current point of time, using the current SOC information and the current SOC reduction rate information,
And the output unit further outputs the optimal driving information. 3. The apparatus of claim 2,
Wherein the optimum driving information is generated using the result information obtained by subtracting the over-discharge reference SOC information for protecting the battery from the current SOC information. The apparatus of claim 3,
Wherein the control unit controls the alarm information to be output when the SOC decrease rate according to the current speed of the vehicle exceeds the reference SOC decrease rate based on the current SOC information. 5. The method of claim 4,
Further comprising an optimum speed calculating unit for calculating optimum speed information according to the travel distance information within a range in which the current SOC information is maintained above the over-discharge reference SOC information when the travel distance information is input from the user,
And the output unit further outputs the optimum speed information. An SOC generating step of generating current SOC information of a battery provided in the vehicle;
A speed sensing step of sensing current vehicle speed information;
A control for calculating and generating current SOC reduction rate information which is classified as a SOC reduction rate of the current point of view by using the SOC reduction rate information stored in the memory, the current SOC information of the battery and the current vehicle speed information classified based on the speed of the vehicle and the SOC of the battery, step; And
And outputting the generated current SOC reduction rate information. ≪ RTI ID = 0.0 > [10] < / RTI > 7. The method according to claim 6,
And further generates optimal driving information, which is available time or distance information at the current point of time, using the current SOC information and the current SOC reduction rate information,
And the outputting step further outputs the optimal driving information. 8. The method according to claim 7,
Wherein the optimal driving information is generated using the result information obtained by subtracting the over-discharge reference SOC information for protecting the battery from the current SOC information. 9. The method of claim 8,
Further comprising an alarm step of outputting alarm information when the SOC decrease rate according to the current speed of the vehicle exceeds the reference SOC decrease rate based on the current SOC information. 10. The method of claim 9,
And calculating an optimal speed information according to the travel distance information within a range in which the current SOC information is maintained above the over-discharge reference SOC information when the travel distance information is input from the user, A battery management method for optimal operation of a vehicle. A battery including a plurality of secondary battery cells; And
And a management module for controlling and managing the battery,
The management module includes a storage unit for storing SOC reduction rate information classified on the basis of the vehicle speed and the SOC of the battery, an SOC generation unit for generating current SOC information of the battery provided in the vehicle, A control unit for calculating and generating current SOC reduction rate information, which is a current SOC reduction rate, using the speed sensing unit, the stored SOC reduction rate information, the current SOC information of the battery, and the current vehicle speed information, And an output unit for outputting the output of the battery pack. 12. The system of claim 11,
And further generates optimal driving information, which is available time or distance information at the current point of time, using the current SOC information and the current SOC reduction rate information,
Wherein the output section of the management module further outputs the optimum driving information. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the control module of the management module comprises:
Wherein the optimum driving information is generated by using the result information obtained by subtracting the over-discharge reference SOC information for protecting the battery from the current SOC information. 14. The system of claim 13, wherein the control module of the management module comprises:
Wherein the control unit controls the alarm information to be outputted when the SOC decrease rate according to the current speed of the vehicle exceeds the reference SOC decrease rate based on the current SOC information. 15. The system of claim 14,
Further comprising an optimum speed calculating unit for calculating optimum speed information according to the travel distance information within a range in which the current SOC information is maintained above the over-discharge reference SOC information when the travel distance information is input from the user,
And the output of the management module further outputs the optimum speed information.

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