KR101407507B1 - Process and apparatus for producing of ammonium bicarbonate - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for producing of ammonium bicarbonate Download PDF

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KR101407507B1
KR101407507B1 KR1020110128240A KR20110128240A KR101407507B1 KR 101407507 B1 KR101407507 B1 KR 101407507B1 KR 1020110128240 A KR1020110128240 A KR 1020110128240A KR 20110128240 A KR20110128240 A KR 20110128240A KR 101407507 B1 KR101407507 B1 KR 101407507B1
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ammonium bicarbonate
carbon dioxide
ammonia water
ammonia
concentration
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KR1020110128240A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20130061920A (en
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안치규
김제영
한건우
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재단법인 포항산업과학연구원
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines

Abstract

(B) recovering carbon dioxide produced in the coal gasification process; and (c) recovering the carbon dioxide produced in the coal gasification process by using a gas-liquid reaction with the ammonia water to remove ammonium bicarbonate and water (C) separating the resulting ammonium bicarbonate slurry from the liquid phase to recover the ammonium bicarbonate salt, and (d) solidifying the ammonium bicarbonate salt. And a manufacturing apparatus.

Figure R1020110128240

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a process for producing ammonium bicarbonate,

The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing ammonium bicarbonate using ammonia water and carbon dioxide, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for producing ammonium bicarbonate using ammonia water and carbon dioxide, which are generated in a coal gasification process.

As a method of generating energy from coal, the method of burning coal to convert it into thermal energy and generating and recovering steam is currently the most widely used.

On the other hand, coal gasification technology is a technology for producing synthesis gas such as CO and H 2 by reacting coal with oxygen and steam at high temperature and high pressure without directly burning coal.

Syngas produced by gasification of coal can be refined and used in various fields such as fuel, chemical raw materials, and power generation.

However, such a coal gasification process has a problem in that a large amount of high concentration ammonia water and carbon dioxide are generated in large quantities, and there is no proper treatment and utilization of the same.

In order to solve the problems of the treatment and utilization of high concentration ammonia water and carbon dioxide, which are byproducts generated in the conventional coal gasification process, ammonia water and carbon dioxide generated in the coal gasification process are recovered to remove ammonia water and carbon dioxide And an apparatus for producing ammonium bicarbonate using the gas-liquid reaction.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for recovering ammonia, comprising the steps of (a) collecting ammonia generated in a coal gasification process and recovering ammonia water, (b) recovering carbon dioxide generated in the coal gasification process, (C) separating the resulting ammonium bicarbonate slurry from the liquid phase to recover the ammonium bicarbonate salt, and (d) separating the ammonium bicarbonate salt from the liquid phase, And a step of solidifying the ammonium bicarbonate.

A second aspect of the present invention is a method for producing ammonium bicarbonate slurry, comprising: a reactor for producing an ammonium bicarbonate slurry by reacting ammonia water and carbon dioxide, a solid-liquid separator for separating the liquid phase of the ammonium bicarbonate slurry produced from the reactor and recovering ammonium bicarbonate, And a dehydrator for dehydrating the extracted bicarbonate ammonium salt.

In the method and apparatus for producing ammonium bicarbonate, an ammonia water and a carbon dioxide gas-liquid reaction are used to provide a treatment method for a large amount of ammonia water and carbon dioxide generated in a coal gasification process, as well as an efficient utilization method.

In addition, since ammonia water and carbon dioxide generated in the coal gasification process are used, the manufacturing cost of ammonium bicarbonate can be reduced, and low cost ammonium bicarbonate can be provided.

Fig. 1 schematically shows a conventional coal gasification process.
FIG. 2 schematically shows a method for producing ammonium bicarbonate using the ammonia water and carbon dioxide gas-liquid reaction according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows a carbon dioxide molar concentration / ammonia molar concentration interval in which ammonium bicarbonate is precipitated according to the ammonia water concentration (%).
FIG. 4 shows the molar concentration range of carbon dioxide at which ammonium bicarbonate is precipitated according to the ammonia molal concentration.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present inventors have conducted extensive studies on the utilization of a large amount of ammonia water and carbon dioxide generated in a coal gasification process, and found that ammonium bicarbonate can be formed when ammonia water and carbon dioxide are dissolved in ammonia water over a certain amount of ammonia water and carbon dioxide.

Based on these results, the inventors of the present invention have completed the present invention on a method and apparatus for producing ammonium bicarbonate.

A method for producing ammonium bicarbonate according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises the steps of: (a) collecting ammonia generated in a coal gasification process and recovering ammonia water; (b) recovering carbon dioxide generated in the coal gasification process, (C) separating the resulting ammonium bicarbonate slurry from the liquid phase to recover the ammonium bicarbonate salt, and (d) separating the ammonium bicarbonate salt from the liquid phase, And a step of solidifying.

In the method for producing ammonium bicarbonate according to the present invention, ammonia water generated in the step (a) of collecting ammonia generated in the coal gasification step and recovered as ammonia water, and (b) recovering carbon dioxide generated in the coal gasification step, Carbon dioxide in the step of producing ammonium bicarbonate slurry containing ammonium bicarbonate and water may be obtained from a gasification process using a coal gasification process or a biomass, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

In addition, the gasification process using the coal gasification process or the biomass is not particularly limited as long as the process is performed by a method well known in the art. For example, FIG. 1 schematically shows an example of a coal gasification process, and ammonia water and carbon dioxide used in the method and apparatus for producing ammonium bicarbonate of the present invention can be provided.

As shown in FIG. 1, in the coal gasification process, pure oxygen is injected into a coal gasification reactor to partially oxidize a part of dried coal to produce CO and H 2 , and then CO is converted into steam (H 2 O ) And water conversion to H 2 and CO 2. The generated CO 2 is selectively removed through physicochemical methods to recover H 2 and react with CO to form CH 4 , a synthetic natural gas . That is, CO, CO 2 , H 2 , and CH 4 are generated through the main reaction of the process, and substances such as hydrogen sulfide and ammonia can be generated in addition.

At this time, the ammonia is removed in the form of ammonia water at a high concentration after being removed at the stage prior to the hydration reaction, and the carbon dioxide is selectively removed at the high concentration by the physicochemical method in the above-mentioned hydration reaction.

The method of recovering ammonia water and carbon dioxide is not particularly limited as long as it is a method well known in the art, and examples thereof include a physical adsorption method and a chemical absorption method.

In addition, the carbon dioxide may be supplied separately from the outside.

On the other hand, when ammonia water and carbon dioxide are reacted, ammonium carbonate ((NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 ), ammonium bicarbonate (NH 4 HCO 3 ) and ammonium carbamate (NH 2 COONH 4 ) may be produced depending on the amount of dissolved carbon dioxide . The resulting ammonium bicarbonate has lower solubility in water than ammonium carbonate or ammonium carbamate, so that ammonium bicarbonate can be selectively recovered. That is, the solubility in water at 20 캜 is 220 g / L of ammonium bicarbonate, 320 g / L of ammonium carbonate and 790 g / L of ammonium carbamate.

As described above, the reaction of ammonia water and carbon dioxide to form ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate and ammonium carbamate is as follows.

NH 3 + HCO 3 2 ↔ NH 2 COO - + H 2 O

NH 2 COO - + CO 2 + H 2 O ↔ 2HCO 3 - + NH 4 +

CO 3 2 - + CO 2 + H 2 O ↔ 2HCO 3 -

NH 4 + + NH 2 COO - ↔ NH 2 COONH 4

2NH 4 + + CO 3 2 - ↔ (NH 4 ) 2 CO 3

NH 4 + + HCO 3 - ↔ NH 4 HCO 3

In the method for producing ammonium bicarbonate according to the present invention, the concentration of ammonia water is preferably 5% to 30%, more preferably 10% to 25%, or 15%, for example, in order to precipitate ammonium bicarbonate during the gas-liquid reaction of ammonia water and carbon dioxide. To 28%. At this time, as shown in FIG. 3, as the concentration of the ammonia water increases, the amount of dissolved carbon dioxide increases and the precipitation amount of ammonium bicarbonate increases.

In addition, in the method for producing ammonium bicarbonate according to the present invention, it is preferable that the molar concentration of carbon dioxide / the molar concentration of ammonia is 0.25 or more in order to precipitate ammonium bicarbonate upon the gas-liquid reaction of ammonia water and carbon dioxide. At this time, it is preferable that the molar concentration of carbon dioxide / the molar amount of ammonia is as large as possible, but since the molar ratio of ammonia and carbon dioxide is theoretically 1: 1, the molar concentration of carbon dioxide / the molar amount of ammonia is 1.0 or less . That is, the precipitation conditions of ammonium bicarbonate depend on the moral concentration condition of ammonia, and as shown in FIG. 4, generally, the lower the molar concentration of ammonia, the higher the concentration of molybdenum carbon dioxide / ammonia in which ammonium bicarbonate starts to precipitate And the higher the ammonia molal concentration, the lower the carbon dioxide molar concentration / ammonia molar concentration at which ammonium bicarbonate begins to precipitate.

Further, as shown in the above formula, as the amount of dissolved carbon dioxide in the solution increases, the ammonium carbamate and ammonium carbonate in the solution are converted into ammonium bicarbonate by reaction with carbon dioxide, so that the concentration of ammonium carbamate and ammonium carbonate decreases And the concentration of ammonium bicarbonate increases sharply. Therefore, ammonium bicarbonate precipitates when there is more than 220 g / L of ammonium bicarbonate in 20 ℃ solution.

The reaction between the ammonia water and carbon dioxide is not limited as long as it is well known in the art. For example, a method of aerating carbon dioxide in ammonia water, a method of injecting pressurized carbon dioxide, and the like can be performed.

Further, in order to increase the gas-liquid reaction rate of ammonia water and carbon dioxide, a well-known method may be used in the art. For example, it may be carried out by cooling or pressurizing, but is not limited thereto.

In the method for producing ammonium bicarbonate according to the present invention, the step (c) of separating the ammonium bicarbonate slurry from the liquid phase to recover the ammonium bicarbonate salt may include a step of recovering the ammonium bicarbonate salt by adding ammonia water and bicarbonate- The method may be carried out by, for example, a gravity settling method, a centrifugal separation method, or the like. The method may be carried out by separating the ammonium slurry into a liquid phase and a solid phase. This gives ammonium bicarbonate salt, and the resulting ammonium bicarbonate salt is introduced into step (d).

In the method for producing ammonium bicarbonate according to the present invention, the step (d) for solidifying the ammonium bicarbonate salt is for solidifying the liquid phase and the ammonium bicarbonate separated therefrom. The method is not limited as long as the method is well known in the art. For example, by a filter press, a belt press, a centrifugation method or the like. This gives the final product ammonium bicarbonate.

In the method for producing ammonium bicarbonate according to the present invention, the step (e) comprises the steps of: (c) separating the ammonium bicarbonate slurry from the liquid phase to recover the ammonium bicarbonate salt, (B), which is recycled as ammonia water in step (d), or the filtrate generated in step (d), that is, the step of solidifying the ammonium bicarbonate salt is concentrated and reused as ammonia water in step The method is not limited as long as it is a method, and can be performed by, for example, a heating and concentration method. Therefore, there is an advantage that it can be reused in the manufacturing process of ammonium bicarbonate of the present invention without the need to install a separate device for treating the liquid phase generated in the step (c) or the filtrate generated in the step (d).

The method for producing ammonium bicarbonate according to the present invention provides ammonium bicarbonate by using a gas-liquid reaction between ammonia water and carbon dioxide to provide a large amount of ammonia and carbon dioxide generated in a coal gasification process, The production cost is reduced and the economic efficiency is excellent.

Hereinafter, an apparatus for producing ammonium bicarbonate according to a second aspect of the present invention will be described.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for producing ammonium bicarbonate using a reaction between ammonia water and carbon dioxide, comprising a reactor for producing ammonium bicarbonate slurry by reacting ammonia water and carbon dioxide, a liquid phase of the ammonium bicarbonate slurry A solid-liquid separator for recovering the ammonium bicarbonate salt, and a dehydrator for dehydrating the ammonium bicarbonate salt separated from the solid-liquid separator.

The apparatus for producing ammonium bicarbonate according to the second aspect of the present invention may further include a concentrator for concentrating the liquid phase generated from the solid-liquid separator, the reactor having a structure including a solid-liquid separator and a dehydrator.

The reactor is for introducing ammonia water and carbon dioxide generated in the coal gasification process to produce an ammonium bicarbonate slurry. The reactor can be configured as a column type using random packing and structured packing in order to ensure a contact area during the ammonia water and carbon dioxide gas-liquid reaction. At this time, the ammonium bicarbonate precipitated in the reactor is present in slurry form together with water. Then, the ammonium bicarbonate slurry is introduced into a solid-liquid separator to separate the solid phase and the liquid phase.

Meanwhile, the reactor may be operated under pressurized or cooled conditions to increase the solubility of carbon dioxide.

The solid-liquid separator is for separating the solid phase and the liquid phase by introducing the ammonium bicarbonate slurry produced from the reactor. The separated supernatant is introduced into the concentrator, and the residue from which the liquid phase is separated from the ammonium bicarbonate slurry is introduced into the dehydrator.

The dehydrator is for dehydrating the ammonium bicarbonate slurry in which the liquid phase has been separated to obtain a solid ammonium bicarbonate. The dehydrator is not limited as long as it is well known in the art. For example, a filter press or a belt press can be used.

The concentrator is used for concentrating the liquid phase separated from the ammonium bicarbonate slurry. The dehydrator is not limited as long as it is well known in the art, and for example, a heat concentrator or the like can be used. The concentrated ammonia water from the concentrator may be introduced into the reactor and reused for the production of ammonium bicarbonate.

On the other hand, the dehydrated filtrate from the dehydrator can be introduced into the reactor as ammonia water, which is introduced into the concentrator and concentrated with the supernatant separated from the ammonium bicarbonate slurry, and can be reused for the production of ammonium bicarbonate.

Example  One

In a coal gasification process in which pure oxygen is injected into a coal gasification reactor to partially oxidize the dried coal to produce synthetic natural gas through a hydration reaction or the like, ammonia and carbon dioxide produced as byproducts are subjected to ammonia water And carbon dioxide, and reacted at normal pressure. At this time, the reaction temperature was 20 ° C, the ammonia water concentration was 7%, and the molar concentration of carbon dioxide / ammonia water was 1. At this time, the amount of ammonium bicarbonate produced is about 110 g.

Example  2

The reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that ammonia water was used at a concentration of 5%. The amount of ammonium bicarbonate produced is about 10 g.

Example  3

The reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 10% ammonia water was used. The amount of ammonium bicarbonate produced is about 280 g.

Example  4

The reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that ammonia water having a concentration of 25% was used. The amount of ammonium bicarbonate produced in this case is about 1300 g.

Comparative Example  One

In Example 1, the reaction was carried out in the same manner except that 3% ammonia water was used. In this case, ammonium bicarbonate did not precipitate.

Comparative Example  2

In Example 1, the reaction was carried out in the same manner except that the molar concentration of carbon dioxide / the ammonia water was 0.3. In this case, ammonium bicarbonate did not precipitate.

Ammonia water concentration CO 2 molar concentration / NH 3 molar concentration Precipitated after the reaction
Ammonium bicarbonate amount Example 1 7% One 110 g Example 2 5% One 13 g Example 3 10% One 280 g Example 4 25% One 1300 g Comparative Example 1 3% - Not precipitated Comparative Example 2 7% 0.2 Not precipitated

As shown in Table 1, when the concentration of ammonia water was less than 5%, ammonium bicarbonate did not precipitate regardless of the molar concentration of the carbon dioxide to be reacted. Further, even when the molar concentration of carbon dioxide / the molar concentration of ammonia was less than 0.25, ammonium bicarbonate did not precipitate.

Therefore, it can be confirmed that the concentration of ammonia water for precipitating the ammonium bicarbonate salt is 5% or more. In addition, it can be confirmed that bicarbonate ammonium salt can be obtained when the CO 2 molar concentration / NH 3 molar concentration is in the range of 0.25 to 1.

Claims (6)

(a) collecting ammonia generated in a coal gasification process and recovering ammonia water;
(b) recovering carbon dioxide generated in the coal gasification process, and using the gas-liquid reaction with the ammonia water to produce ammonium bicarbonate slurry containing ammonium bicarbonate and water;
(c) separating the resulting ammonium bicarbonate slurry from the liquid phase to recover the ammonium bicarbonate salt;
(d) solidifying the ammonium bicarbonate salt; And
(e) concentrating the filtrate in the liquid phase generated in the step (c) or the filtrate in the step (d) and introducing the filtrate into the step (b), wherein the molar concentration of carbon dioxide in the vapor- Wherein the concentration is from 0.25 to 1.
delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the concentration of the ammonia water is 5% to 30% in the step (b).
delete delete delete
KR1020110128240A 2011-12-02 2011-12-02 Process and apparatus for producing of ammonium bicarbonate KR101407507B1 (en)

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KR101796236B1 (en) * 2015-11-27 2017-11-09 주식회사 포스코 Method for remonal of carbon dioxide from flue gas and device for the same
CN108383139B (en) * 2018-04-20 2019-11-15 包头市远达鑫化工有限公司 The process units and method of ammonium hydrogen carbonate
RU2751613C1 (en) * 2019-02-26 2021-07-15 Мицубиси Хеви Индастриз Энджиниринг, Лтд. Device for cleaning waste gases and a fertilizer production plant containing such a device
CN112239220B (en) * 2020-11-07 2023-12-19 李东田 Production method of ammonium bicarbonate
KR102397247B1 (en) * 2022-03-02 2022-05-12 박연주 Ammonium carbonate powder manufacturing equipment for replacing urea water
CN115611295A (en) * 2022-11-04 2023-01-17 中节能工业节能有限公司 Mine resource utilization system
KR102628652B1 (en) * 2023-08-04 2024-01-25 현대제철 주식회사 Integrated system for regenerating sodium bicarbonate and recovering ammonia

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JP2002273489A (en) * 2001-03-21 2002-09-24 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Treatment method of liquid organic waste and system for the same
JP2004067849A (en) * 2002-08-06 2004-03-04 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Wet-type gas refining process
JP3876348B2 (en) * 2002-11-07 2007-01-31 Ｊｆｅエンジニアリング株式会社 Gas hydrate manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus
US20090191114A1 (en) 2008-01-28 2009-07-30 Jian Liu Method for preparing ammonium bicarbonate with flue gas and devices thereof

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002273489A (en) * 2001-03-21 2002-09-24 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Treatment method of liquid organic waste and system for the same
JP2004067849A (en) * 2002-08-06 2004-03-04 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Wet-type gas refining process
JP3876348B2 (en) * 2002-11-07 2007-01-31 Ｊｆｅエンジニアリング株式会社 Gas hydrate manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus
US20090191114A1 (en) 2008-01-28 2009-07-30 Jian Liu Method for preparing ammonium bicarbonate with flue gas and devices thereof

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