KR101287501B1 - Abrasive product and method for the production thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention works on contact surfaces coated with abrasive particles and coated with abrasive particles in a matrix comprising non-cellular, in particular non-foamed, thermosetting binders for abrasive particles. It relates to an abrasive having a configuration for polishing an object. According to the invention, the matrix is so elastic that abrasive particles covering the contact surface are impressed into the matrix during polishing. The abrasive particles are dispersed in the matrix such that when the matrix is consumed in a direction perpendicular to the contact surface originally coated with the abrasive particles, an additional contact surface coated with the abrasive particles appears. The abrasive particles are dispersed in the matrix such that the abrasive particles follow the restoring force of the matrix in both the vertical and horizontal directions with respect to the corresponding contact surface of the abrasive. The matrix is bound to the flexible backing. The matrix is bound directly to the back side of the matrix via a binder contained in the matrix.

Description

Abrasive product and its manufacturing method {ABRASIVE PRODUCT AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF}

The present invention generally includes abrasive particles embedded in a matrix comprising a binder and a contact surface covered with abrasive particles to polish the workpiece. It relates to an abrasive.

Since the development of abrasives, it has been known to manufacture abrasive composites in homogeneous structures. Originally, non-elastic binders have been used for this purpose, but elastically compliant binders have been used for decades. One example of an abrasive composite using a non-elastic binder is a grindstone. Examples of abrasive composites using elastic binders are, for example, compact composites in the form of cubes or other abrasive compacts formed, for example, with abrasive wheels. In this connection both cellular and non-cellular embodiments are known. The known abrasive compacts have been cast entirely by the applicant for over 40 years from past to present.

Known abrasives using elastic binders for abrasive particles have been commonly manufactured without incorporating materials into the abrasive to form abrasive compacts. In contrast, abrasives using non-elastic binders have been used in this field for decades, referred to in the art as 'backed abrasive'.

The present invention relates to abrasives having a non-porous, in particular non-foaming, binder as opposed to a cellular, in particular a foamed binder.

Referring to the German Plastics Handbook ("Saechtling Kunststoff Taschenbuch, 28th Edition, by Karl Oberbach, published by Verlag Hansa, see Figure 4.18 on page 555"), in any case also for PUR (polyurethane) For all other foam binders, the distinction between foam materials and non-porous binders is generally made clear.

In this case, the substantial non-porous PUR type in the present invention belongs to the following group:

Solid polyurethane

Cast Elastomers and Spray Elastomers

Thermoplastic elastomer

Rubber

Each of the elastic compacts initially cited in the prior art and the "solid" composites in the cited groupings are special cast elastomers, and the abrasive according to the invention also specifically uses cast elastomers.

When the binder is foam manufactured, there is a distinction between physically and mechanically foamed by air application and chemically foamed by blowing agent application.

Abrasives using non-porous binders according to the invention are characterized in that they are not physically or chemically targeted foamed by a specific treatment process. Instead, the aim is to avoid expansion as much as possible, although in practice residual cellular formation cannot be completely avoided. For this reason, it is best to refer to real density and theoretical density, at least in describing the abrasive product specifically designed and manufactured on the market as compared to the actual practice.

For the foam binders this comparison is best explained by eg PUR. Molded foam (30-as described in the German Plastics Handbook, "Saechtling Kunststoff Taschenbuch, 28th Edition, by Karl Oberbach, published by Verlag Hansa, see p. 554"). 300 kg / m ³ ), rigid foams (30-90 kg / m ³ ) and open-celled foams (20-40 kg / m ³ ).

According to the invention, in particular, PURs having a density on the order of 800 kg / m 3 which suitably exhibit minimum porosity are used.

Backed binders, in which the abrasive composites are porous, in particular characterized by foamable binders, are already known, for example in DE 31 14 001 A1 and DE 19 07 983 A1.

The present invention relates in particular to abrasives and composites thereof comprising a thermosetting binder for abrasive particles. The present invention can use thermosetting plastics such as polyurethane, for example, known as binders of abrasive particles constituting the composite, and rubber can be used as binder for abrasive particles within the scope of the present invention.

An example of a thermoplastic binder for abrasive particles having a plasticized colloxyline form is described in German Patent DD 106 585 A, which differs approximately from the thermosetting plastics used in the present invention in about the same proportions. It is desired to use additional plasticizers at 1: 1 or 0.8: 1. In addition, the proportion of the abrasive powder in the abrasive composite is required at least 60% by weight in order to prevent the loading of the abrasive, provided that the proportion of the abrasive powder in excess of 80% is detrimental to the bonding of the abrasive composite. . Such known abrasive composites are specially designed such that the abrasive composites form an ultrathin layer abrasive in the range of 10 to 40 μm thick when measured vertically from the backing.

The more recent known abrasives are kneadable binders with abrasive particles and can be adapted to the polishing surface of the workpiece to be polished (Germany Patent DD 255 903 A1).

While abrasives have been technically developed in the art, for example, the working speed has been faster, for example during the rotating or oscillating of an abrasive tool or machine, which has resulted in elastic binders decades ago. The homogeneous abrasive, including, was unable to withstand the force of acceleration and traction, including centrifugal force, resulting in prematurely destruction of the abrasive matrix formed by the elastic binder without special measures. One of the special means used in conjunction with an abrasive wheel is to indicate the abrasive coating thickness of the solid core of the abrasive wheel in order to form a thinner abrasive, but this has a somewhat different useful life. Shorten. In the case of endless abrasive belts, it has been considered more than 50 years ago to cover an endless belt, which acts as a backing, with a strip-shaped abrasive composite, and the strip-shaped matrix containing abrasive particles has a flexible foam in each case. It was formed from a compliant foam polyurethane and these abrasive particles were bonded to the endless belt by a separate adhesive (see British Patent GB B 821929, in particular on page 2, lines 3 to 7). However, the present invention cannot be put to practical use because it requires the use of an unreasonably complicated method in a series of manufacturing since the adhesive composite and the separate adhesive must be blanked.

In the case of conventional erosive abrasion, abrasive particles (non-elastic binders), such as initial hide glue and now synthetic resins, are selected according to the desired result. It was common to attach it directly to the back side. The adhesion absorbs the traction and centrifugal forces generated in the machine. In this conventional case, the abrasive particles are only adhered to the back in a single layer and protrude into abrasive protuberances from the surface in abrasive contact with the workpiece. When the protrusions wear out during polishing, the binder is brought into frictional contact with the workpiece, thereby greatly reducing the polishing effect and causing a binder loading problem of the abraded surface of the workpiece.

An abrasive in which abrasive particles are uniformly arranged in a matrix of a radiation-cured non-elastic binder on a backing bonded via the binder, bonded on the backside via a radiation-cured inelastic binder In this case, the matrix is divided into a plurality of matrix bodies spaced apart from each other, characterized in that the cross section parallel to the back in the back direction in the free contact surface with the workpiece is increased (German Patent T2). 692 10 221).

That is, in the corrosive abrasive portion of the abrasive particles protruding from the contact surface, the finish of the polished surface is better as the size of the abrasive particles is smaller. In this respect, compared to honing or lapping that does not substantially involve erosive polishing, except that the difference in surface peak-to-valley height height is reduced. Finishing needs to be distinguished.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION It is now common to manufacture abrasive non-wovens with finishing abrasives for use in modern polishing machines. As described in German patent DE-T2 69609709 (particularly claim 4), a plurality of abrasive particles are adhered to an open loose fabric made of organic fibers via a binder system. In finishing with this, machined surface scabs are improperly bent or broken. Defects such as scratches and scrapes on the finished workpiece surface are actually lost over and are not eliminated.

The present invention aims to provide an abrasive as set forth in claim 1 which satisfies a long service life and a highly consistent finishing quality and is suitable for mass production used as a finishing tool in modern grinding machines. do.

This object is achieved by an abrasive having the features of claim 1.
In other words, the object is that the abrasive particles 8 are embedded in a matrix 4 comprising a non-cellular, in particular non-foamed, thermosetting binder 6. In the abrasive, a contact surface 10 covered with the abrasive particles 8 is formed for polishing the workpiece,
a) the matrix 4 is elastically compliant such that abrasive particles 8 covering the contact surface 10 are pressed into the matrix 4 during polishing,
b) when the matrix 4 is consumed abrasive in a direction perpendicular to the contact surface 10 covered with the abrasive particles 8, the additional contact surface 10 covered with the abrasive particles 8 is released. The abrasive particles 8 are dispersed in the matrix 4,
c) the abrasive particles 8 disperse in the matrix 4 so as to complies with the return force of the matrix 4 acting perpendicularly or parallel to the contact surface 10. It is,
d) the matrix 4 is adhered to the flexible backing 2,
e) by means of an abrasive, characterized in that the matrix 4 is bonded directly to the flexible back 2 by means of the binder 6 contained in the matrix 4.

In the abrasive according to the invention, if a contact surface is provided which is covered with new abrasive particles, the contact surface should not be covered by anything at the end of the manufacturing process by removing the coating of the matrix binder, so that a part of the abrasive particles It may protrude from the initial contact surface with the workpiece. When performing the finish, the projections of the abrasive particles are completely or almost completely impressed into the matrix, substantially eliminating the erosive abrasive action on the workpiece. While the matrix covering the abrasive particles is worn, the surrounding binder will not be in loading contact with the polished surface of the workpiece, but instead wears like a rubber eraser to prevent or at least minimize the loading of the workpiece's polished surface. do. In this arrangement, the abrasive particles themselves do not wear down, but rather drop off from the current contact surface. Since these abrasive particles are continuously regenerated by the matrix core even when they are lost, the finishing quality is kept constant even though the matrix is consumed during finishing. In practice, this phenomenon is maintained until the entire matrix adhered to the back surface is exhausted. In this form, the backing makes it possible to produce the abrasive according to the invention reasonably and cost-effectively in only a few working steps, while at the high degree of working parameters such as rotational speed, belt speed and vibration size, the degree of consumption of the matrix Regardless, the back's consistent processing quality is guaranteed.

As an improvement over the prior art, it can be particularly emphasized that finishing can be achieved by using the abrasive of the present invention in conjunction with a modern finishing machine. Thus, the finishing according to the invention which can be achieved using abrasive nonwovens is due to the additional minimal eroding effect of the abrasive particles compared to the abrasive nonwovens, so that the defects of the polishing surface can be hidden as well as worn out by the invention. At least it can be corrected. This surprisingly makes it possible to dye suitable workpieces with chrome dyes without additional finishing.

Polishing is substantially determined by selecting the binder, any filler that can be used, and the particle shape of the abrasive particles. The binder may be tailored to suit the machining of various materials such as, for example, brass, aluminum or stainless steel. The abrasive according to the invention is particularly effective for finishing relatively rough workpiece surfaces. This relatively rough workpiece surface can be finished to an extremely fine surface without any defects, even when the abrasive particles are relatively coarse in the abrasive according to the invention.

All of this has been made possible by the use of new elastic binders in the matrix that have been ignored for decades.

Claims 2 to 43 relate to a further preferred embodiment of the abrasive according to the invention, and claims 44 to 49 relate to a preferred manufacturing method for producing the abrasive according to the invention.

Where generalizing terms are used in the dependent claims, reference is made to terms commonly used in the sectors backed by physical data and to the technical scope normally used within the standardized scope.

It should be particularly emphasized that in the abrasive according to the present invention, the elastic matrix of the abrasive composite comprises a non-porous thermosetting binder and the abrasive composite is applied to the flexible back to form an integral composite directly. Because, ie, it does not require the promotion of a separate adhesive layer, when abrasive is consumed, the abraded particles are continuously replaced from the matrix core, and this phenomenon occurs entirely when the abrasive composite reaches the flexible backing. Or it continues without deterioration of the polishing quality until almost all of them are worn out. The elastic arrangement of the abrasive composites comprising the matrix and abrasive particles in this configuration allows for complete polishing with the flexibility of the back (natural flexibility that may be suitable for a particular application). In addition, the consumer may use the same abrasive regardless of the need for flexibility, thus eliminating the need to stock many abrasives for many applications with different requirements for abrasive flexibility.

Claims 2 and 3 relate to preferred upper and lower limits, respectively, of the binder density and the abrasive composite density in the matrix.
That is, when the density of the binder 6 in the matrix 4 is at least 70% of the specific density of the binder 6 substance, the binder 6 is said to be non-cellular. Can be.
Further, the binder 6 may be said to be non-cellular if the density of the binder 6 in the matrix 4 is at least 85%, preferably at least 90%, of the secretivity of the matrix 4 material. Can be.

Claims 4 to 8 define elasticity (claims 4 and 5), hardness (claims 6 and 7) and maximum elongation (claim 8) and In connection with the preferred selection criteria of the elastic arrangement of the matrix.
That is, it can be said that the binder 6 is elastically compliant when the elasticity of the matrix 4 is 35% or more, preferably 40% or more.
Further, it can be said that the matrix 4 has elasticity when the elasticity of the matrix 4 is 55% or less, preferably 50% or less.
Further, it can be said that the matrix 4 has elasticity when the hardness of the matrix 4 is 40 Shore A or more, preferably 45 Shore A or more.
Further, it can be said that the matrix 4 has elasticity when the hardness of the matrix 4 is 75 Shore A or less, preferably 70 Shore A or less.
Further, it can be said that the matrix 4 is elastic when the maximum elongation of the matrix 4 is 150% or more, preferably 170% or more.

Claims 2-8 for the range of density (claims 2 and 3), elasticity (claims 4 and 5), hardness (claims 6 and 7) and maximum elongation (claim 8). The limit values quoted in the paragraphs are standardized, in particular based on the German DIN standards or the worldwide valid ISO standards. The interrelationships are as described below:

Density: DIN 53479 and ISO 1183 (claims 2 and 3) respectively

Elasticity: DIN 53513 and ISO 527-2 (claims 4 and 5, respectively)

Hardness: DIN 53505 and ISO 868 (claims 6 and 7 respectively)

Elongation at break: DIN 53504 and ISO 527-1 (claim 8), respectively.

10 describes preferred criteria for being flexible on the back of the matrix and on the back of the abrasive composites.

Claims 10 and 11 relate to preferred values of minimum (claim 10) and maximum (claim 11) of the matrix thickness perpendicular to the back side. In general, preferred thicknesses for the application are 1000 μm, ie 1.0 mm and 1500 μm, ie 1.5 mm. An application of the invention which is particularly emphasized is the preparation of abrasives of flat materials, in particular abrasives as web materials.
That is, the thickness of the matrix perpendicular to the back surface 2 may be at least 200 μm, preferably at least 500 μm, most preferably at least 1000 μm.
In addition, the thickness of the matrix perpendicular to the back surface 2 may be 2500 μm or less, preferably 1500 μm or less.

Claims 12 and 13 relate to the lower limit (claim 12) and the upper limit (claim 13) of the percentage of the volume of the abrasive particles and the volume of the matrix binder.
That is, the percentage of the volume ratio of the abrasive particles 8 to the volume of the binder 6 in the matrix 4 may be 80% by volume or less, preferably 60% by volume or less.
In addition, the percentage of the volume ratio of the abrasive particles 8 to the volume of the binder 6 in the matrix 4 may be at least 20% by volume, preferably at least 40% by volume.
15 describes the preferred particle size range of the abrasive particles.
That is, the abrasive particles 8 may have a size of 2 μm to 2000 μm, preferably 70 μm to 540 μm, most preferably P36, P60, P120 and P240 according to the FEPA standard.

delete

15 describes the preferred range of Shore hardness of the abrasive. That is, the Shore hardness of the abrasive may preferably be from 60 to 90 Shore A.

The claims 16 to 20 relate to preferred materials of the non-porous thermosetting binder which can be filled as is common in this section, as described in claims 21 and 23 to 23. Specific cases are described.
The binder 6 comprises a polyurethane and may preferably consist of one polyurethane.
The binder 6 comprises rubber and may preferably consist of one rubber.
The binder 6 comprises polysulfide and may preferably be made of one polysulfide.
The binder 6 comprises acrylates, and may preferably be made of one acrylate.
The binder 6 may be filled.
The matrix 4 may comprise in addition to the binder 6 one or more fillers and / or one or more dyes and / or one or more other additives.
Kaolin can be used as filler.
25 relates to certain examples of foamable binders that are preferably avoided in the present invention. For this purpose, paragraph 24 describes the use of foaming inhibitors in particular as additives for binders.

That is, one or more foam inhibitors may be used as the additive.

28 to 27 relate to preferred choices for abrasive particles.
That is, the abrasive particles 8 comprise at least one silicon carbide and / or at least one silicon oxide, and may preferably be composed of at least one silicon carbide and / or at least one silicon oxide.
In addition, the abrasive particles 8 may be composed of at least one aluminum oxide and / or at least one aluminum oxide mixed crystal.
In addition, at least a portion of the abrasive particles 8 may be composed of one or more hard-metals.

28 to 30 relate to a preferred array of abrasive particles in the matrix.
That is, the abrasive particles 8 arranged closest to the back surface 2 may be located on the back surface 2.
The abrasive particles 8 may be uniformly dispersed in the matrix 4.
The abrasive particles 8 may be arranged in several layers in the matrix 4 on the back side 2.

35 to 34 relate to the matrix being preferably sub-divisioned into each matrix body.
That is, the matrix 4 comprising the abrasive particles 8 is divided into several matrix bodies 4a dispersed at mutual spacing on the same back surface 2, and the matrix bodies 4a are preferably May have the same cross section in the direction perpendicular to the contact surface 10 or the back surface 2.
The matrix 4a has a polygonal cross section parallel to the back surface 2, and may preferably be arranged mutually staggered in the polishing direction 16.
The polygonal cross section is hexagonal and preferably two edges can be oriented in the polishing direction 16 or in the opposite direction to the polishing direction 16.
The matrix 4a has a circular cross section parallel to the back surface 2, and may preferably be arranged to cross each other in the polishing direction 16.

35 to 38 relate to preferred forms of the back.
The back 2 may consist of a woven, knitted, film, filament layer and / or one or more non-regulated layers of fibers such as paper, fibers or nonwovens.
The back 2 may be composed of natural fibers, artificial fibers and / or mixtures thereof.
The back 2 may be elastic in nature.
The back 2 may have a high quality finish.

43 to 42 relate to preferred geometries of abrasives of various abrasive tools.
The abrasive can have a configuration of endless belts.
The abrasive may have a flat material shape, preferably a strip shape, for the oscillating drive.
The abrasive can have a disk shape or bow shape for vibration drive.
The abrasive can have a disk shape, a segmented abrasive disk shape, a laminated abrasive point shape or a wheel shape for rotational drive.

43 relates to the preferred form of the original contact surface when the abrasive is commercially available before being used in the polishing tool.
In other words, the abrasive can be patterned with the contact surface 10 at the most micro-range.

Particularly important is the variant according to claim 39, wherein the abrasive according to the invention is formed in an endless belt shape. In this shape, the effect that the same abrasive has on the workpiece varies with the position of the endless belt. Particularly preferred positions for effecting are on the contact wheel or on the free side of the endless belt, whereby the hardness and belt speed of the contact wheel can act as influence factors.

The invention also relates to a method for producing an abrasive according to the invention as described in claims 44 to 49.
That is, after the abrasive particles 8 have been mixed in the matrix 4 with the still low viscosity binder 6, the mixture is applied to the back surface 2, whereby the abrasive is produced by the manufacturing method. Can be.
In addition, the abrasive particles 8 are blended after the binder 6 is blended into the matrix 4 on the back 2 while it is still low viscosity, so that the abrasive particles 8 are backed while the binder 6 is still low viscosity. The abrasive can be produced by a manufacturing method characterized by sinking to 2).
In addition, the abrasive can be produced by a production method characterized in that the abrasive particles 8 are dispersed on the matrix 4 while the binder 6 is still low viscosity.
In addition, after the abrasive particles 8 have been blended into the matrix 4, the abrasive is applied to the back surface 2 in several passes while the binder 6 is still low viscosity. Can be prepared.
The abrasive is also produced by a manufacturing method characterized in that the matrix 4 comprising the binder 6 and the abrasive particles 8 are applied together or separately on the back surface 2 in a multi-coating process. Can be prepared.
Further, the abrasive can be produced by a manufacturing method characterized in that a masking technique is used when the matrix body 4a is disposed on the rear surface 2 at a mutually spaced interval.

One such known method is described in US Pat. No. 5,562,745.

The invention is described below by specific embodiments in connection with FIGS.
1 is a partial view of an abrasive contact surface.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial view of a portion corresponding to the white circle of FIG. 1.

3 is a cross sectional view in which the same abrasive is further enlarged in a cross section perpendicular to the contact surface.

In the abrasive shown in all of the figures, the flexible support backing 2 is adhered to the matrix 4 (dotted area in FIG. 3), the matrix 4 comprising an elastic binder which is non-porous thermoset, and the binder ( 6) may include fillers and additives in, for example, non-foamable polyurethanes. The abrasive particles 8 are embedded to be uniformly dispersed in the matrix 4 or layered parallel to the back 2. In this arrangement, the binder 6 not only serves to adhere the abrasive particles 8 in the matrix 4 but also to adhere the matrix 4 to the back surface 2, thus the matrix 4 and the back surface 2 ) Does not require a separate adhesive layer.

A free contact surface 10 parallel to the back surface 2 is formed on the side of the matrix 4 on the opposite side of the back surface 2. When no abrasive is used, the scabs of the abrasive particles 8 protrude slightly from the contact surface 10 subjected to the restoring force of the elastic binder 6 (not shown). When abrasive is used, abrasive particles in the region of the contact surface 10 counteract the restoring force of the elastic binder 6 and interact with the workpiece (not shown) completely or nearly completely into the matrix 4. Impressed. However, before the initial conditions or the use of the abrasive, the abrasive particles 8 protrude from the contact surface 10 only enough to form a microstructure with the binder 6 of the matrix 4 at the contact surface 10. It is.

In addition, the particular embodiments illustrated have the following particular aspects:

On the full-length back 2, the matrix 4 is divided into a plurality of shaped hexagonal matrix bodies 4a. Since the hexagonal surface is perpendicular to the back surface 2, no matter how worn the matrix body 4a remains, the matrix body 4a remains an equally shaped hexagonal shape parallel to the back surface 2 or the contact surface 10. Will be.

Each single matrix 4a is enclosed by a full-length interspace 12 and protrudes from the back surface 2 and extends from the back surface 2 to the area of the contact surface 10, In between they have the same size.

The interspace 12 may be used to air cool or liquid cool a workpiece (not shown).

As shown, the matrix 4a forms a matrix 4 of uniform honeycomb structure. In this arrangement, the polishing direction 16 is a direction along an imaginary line connecting two opposite edges of the matrix body 4a. The matrix bodies 4a are staggered with each other to form a gap, so that one matrix body 4a is reliably supported by an unstable adjacent matrix body 4a even when one matrix body 4a is destabilized.

Each matrix 4a is hexagonal in shape, but the shape and arrangement in the matrix 4 is such that a matrix 4 consisting of each matrix 4a having a back 2 is continuous to increase the flexibility of the abrasive composite as a whole. Is selected. This is particularly advantageous when the abrasive is an endless belt (not shown).

Test example:

Test parameters:

Tubestock belt grinder: Flex LBR 1506 VRA, 1200 Watt

Belt length (infinite belt): 40 mm × 618 mm

Cutting speed: 14 m / s

Object: stainless steel tube stock, material no. 1.4301,

Dimensions: 50 mm × 2.5 mm

Handling: Machines guided by handing over tube stock

Exam Preparation:

The stainless steel tubestock was first roughly ground on a centerless polishing machine with abrasive belt particle size P80. The average of the high point-to-low point height difference after rough grinding was about R _a = 2.6 μm.

Test Conduct:

For stainless steel railing or fronting, the average height of the high-to-lower point is usually specified as R _a = 0.5 μm. This is generally achieved by using a series of particles of P120-P180-P280. The abrasive belt used was, for example, a standard abrasive belt CS 310 XF (about 320 g / m 2 of flexible cotton backing, aluminum oxide abrasive particles, phenolic resin binder). It is necessary to carry out at least three grinding machines in order to achieve a specific finishing (particles P120-P180-P280).

For comparison, endless belts according to the invention were used in the same test batch and in the same test preparation. The belt was characterized as follows: about 320 g / m 2 of flexible cotton backing, 1200 μm layer thick polyurethane, silicon carbide P60 abrasive particles used as non-porous thermosetting binder, were uniformly dispersed in the binder.

The high point-to-low point average height with R _a = 0.5 μm was achieved in only one run.

Claims (49)

In an abrasive in which the abrasive particles 8 are embedded in a matrix 4 comprising a non-cellular thermosetting binder 6, A contact surface 10 covered with the abrasive particles 8 is formed for polishing the workpiece, a) the matrix 4 is elastically compliant such that the elasticity is at least 35% during polishing, b) when the matrix 4 is abrasively consumed in a direction perpendicular to the contact surface 10 covered with the abrasive particles 8, the additional contact surface 10 covered with the abrasive particles 8 is released. Abrasive particles 8 are dispersed in the matrix 4, c) the abrasive particles 8 disperse in the matrix 4 so as to complies with the return force of the matrix 4 acting perpendicularly or parallel to the contact surface 10. It is, d) the matrix 4 is adhered to the flexible backing 2, e) the matrix 4 is bonded directly to the flexible back 2 by means of the binder 6 contained in the matrix 4, f) The matrix 4 comprising the abrasive particles 8 is divided into several matrix bodies 4a dispersed at mutual spacing on the same back surface 2, the matrix bodies 4a being Have the same cross section in the direction perpendicular to the contact surface 10 or to the back side 2, g) the matrix body 4a has a polygonal cross section parallel to the back surface 2 and is arranged mutually staggered in the polishing direction 16. abrasive. The method of claim 1, The binder 6 is non-cellular if the density of the binder 6 in the matrix 4 is at least 70% of the specific density of the substance of the binder 6. An abrasive, characterized in that. The method of claim 1, Abrasive, characterized in that the binder 6 is non-cellular when the density of the binder 6 in the matrix 4 is at least 85% of the secretivity of the matrix 4 material. . delete The method of claim 1, Abrasive, characterized in that the matrix (4) has elasticity when the elasticity of the matrix (4) is 55% or less. The method of claim 1, An abrasive according to claim 1, wherein the matrix (4) has elasticity when the hardness of the matrix (4) is 40 Shore A or more. The method of claim 1, Abrasive, characterized in that the matrix (4) has elasticity when the hardness of the matrix (4) is 75 Shore A or less. The method of claim 1, Abrasive, characterized in that the matrix (4) is elastic when the maximum elongation (ultimate elongation) of the matrix (4) is 150% or more. delete The method of claim 1, An abrasive, characterized in that the thickness of the matrix (4) perpendicular to the back (2) is at least 200 μm. The method of claim 1, An abrasive, characterized in that the thickness of the matrix (4) perpendicular to the back (2) is 2500 μm or less. The method of claim 1, An abrasive, characterized in that the percentage of the volume ratio of the abrasive particles (8) to the volume of the binder (6) in the matrix (4) is 80% by volume or less. The method of claim 1, Abrasive, characterized in that the percentage of the volume fraction of the abrasive particles (8) to the volume of the binder (6) in the matrix (4) is at least 20% by volume. The method of claim 1, The abrasive particles are characterized in that the size of the abrasive particles (8) is 2 ㎛ to 2000 ㎛. The method of claim 1, Shore hardness of the abrasive is 60 to 90 Shore A, abrasive. The method of claim 1, Abrasive, characterized in that the binder (6) comprises a polyurethane. The method of claim 1, Abrasive, characterized in that the binder (6) comprises rubber. delete The method of claim 1, Abrasive, characterized in that the binder (6) comprises polysulfide. The method of claim 1, Abrasive, characterized in that the binder (6) comprises an acrylate. The method of claim 1, Abrasive, characterized in that the binder (6) is filled (filled). The method of claim 1, Abrasive, characterized in that the matrix (4) comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of fillers, dyes and additives in addition to the binder (6). 22. The method of claim 21, Abrasive, characterized in that kaolin is used as filler. 23. The method of claim 22, An abrasive, characterized in that at least one foam inhibitor (foam inhibitor) is used as the additive. The method of claim 1, And wherein said abrasive particles comprise a material selected from the group consisting of silicon carbide, silicon oxide and mixtures thereof. The method of claim 1, And wherein said abrasive particles (8) comprise a material selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, aluminum oxide mixed crystals and mixtures thereof. delete The method of claim 1, Abrasive, characterized in that the abrasive particles (8) are dispersed in the matrix (4) so that they can be located on the back (2). The method of claim 1, An abrasive, characterized in that the abrasive particles (8) are uniformly dispersed in the matrix (4). The method of claim 1, Abrasive, characterized in that the abrasive particles (8) are arranged in several layers in the matrix (4) on the back (2). delete delete The method of claim 1, Wherein said polygonal cross section is hexagonal and two edges are oriented in said polishing direction (16) or in a direction opposite to the polishing direction (16). The method of claim 1, An abrasive, characterized in that the matrix body (4a) has a circular cross section parallel to the back surface (2) and is staggered in the polishing direction (16). The method of claim 1, The backing (2) is an abrasive, characterized in that it consists of one or more non-regulated layers selected from woven, knitted, film, filament layers or paper, fibers and nonwovens. 36. The method of claim 35, Abrasive, characterized in that the back (2) is composed of natural fibers, artificial fibers or mixtures thereof. The method of claim 1, Abrasive, characterized in that the back (2) is elastic. delete The method of claim 1, And wherein said abrasive has a configuration of an endless belt. The method of claim 1, And wherein said abrasive has a flat material shape. The method of claim 1, And the abrasive has a disc shape or a bow shape. The method of claim 1, And wherein the abrasive has a disk shape, a segmented abrasive disk shape, a laminated abrasive point shape or a wheel shape for rotational drive. delete A process for producing the abrasive according to claim 1, wherein after the abrasive particles (8) are mixed with the binder (6) in the matrix (4), the mixture is applied to the back side (2). The abrasive particles 8 are compounded after the binder 6 has been blended into the matrix 4 on the back 2 so that the abrasive particles 8 sink into the back 2. The manufacturing method of the abrasive | polishing agent of Claim 1. 46. The method of claim 45, A method for producing an abrasive, characterized in that the abrasive particles (8) are dispersed on the matrix (4). delete 45. The method of claim 44, A method for producing an abrasive, characterized in that the matrix (4) comprising the binder (6) and the abrasive particles (8) are applied together or separately on the back side (2) in a multi-coating process. A method for producing an abrasive according to claim 1, characterized in that a masking technique is used when the matrix bodies (4a) are arranged on the rear surface (2) at intervals.

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