KR101223763B1 - Apparatus for home hydroponic culture - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a home hydroponic cultivation apparatus. The apparatus of the present invention, the cultivation tank; A medium located in a predetermined region of the culture tank; It is installed in the area where the medium is not located in the cultivation tank, the drainage pump and the water level detection sensors are installed therein, the separation passage made of a wall form; A culture medium passage installed outside the culture tank and having a liquid supply pump installed therein; A supply and drainage device for connecting the separation container and the culture fluid container; It is characterized in that the control means for controlling the operation of the drainage pump and the liquid supply pump receiving a signal from the lower limit water level detection sensor, the upper limit water level detection sensor and a separate timer. According to the present invention, since the hydroponic cultivation device can be installed regardless of the relative position of the cultivation tank and the culture liquid container, it is easy to install because no special installation conditions such as a frame are needed, and the cultivation of hydroponic cultivation without regard to the size of the flower bed is When installed on the veranda, the cultivation tank can be installed on the floor and the culture tank can be installed away from the cultivation tank to ensure wider veranda views and maintain a beautiful view of the porch. The nutrients are evenly supplied, and the time between the supply and drain cycles can be freely and conveniently set so that the nutrient solution can be supplied under optimum conditions for plant growth.

Description

Apparatus for home hydroponic culture

The present invention relates to a hydroponic apparatus for home use, and in particular, it is possible to install a hydroponic apparatus by utilizing a flower bed installed on an apartment veranda as a hydroponic cultivation tank, and when the cultivation tank is installed on the veranda, secure a wide view of the veranda and make the porch aesthetic appearance. The present invention relates to a hydroponic cultivation apparatus capable of maintaining and freely and conveniently setting the time between rapid drainage cycles and supplying nutrient solution under optimum conditions for plant growth.

Hydroponic cultivation is not a method of receiving water and nutrients necessary for the growth of crops from the soil, but a method of plant cultivation to receive nutrients from a culture solution. This hydroponic cultivation can protect plants from various pests by using a sterile medium rather than soil, do not use pesticides that are harmful to humans, do not have weeds, and dilute the nutrient solution with various components necessary for the growth of crops at an appropriate magnification. Feeding has the advantage of increasing the yield of plants in a short period of time by promoting the growth of plants. In addition, hydroponic cultivation uses water, so it can be used to control humidity in the room, and not only oxygen is supplied from crops, but also affects children's emotional development. It is also used for indoor landscaping.

The liquefied hydroponic cultivation apparatus used at home is configured to fill the culture medium in the cultivation tank while the plant is fixed to a formal plate installed at the upper part of the cultivation tank, and to grow the plant with the root of the plant submerged in the culture medium. The more circulating hydroponic cultivation apparatus of a more complicated form includes a culture fluid container containing nutrient solution, a cultivation tank for planting and cultivating plants, pipes connecting the culture fluid container and the cultivation tank, and a mechanical device for supplying nutrient solution.

By the way, the conventional liquefied hydroponic cultivation device can be installed on the veranda floor, but the root of the plant is always immersed in the nutrient solution has the disadvantage that the breathing of the root is incomplete, if there is a flower bed composed of a high jaw on the veranda In order to utilize as a distilled hydroponic cultivation, it is inconvenient to prepare a separate edition according to the size of various veranda flower beds. In addition, the conventional circulating hydroponic cultivation apparatus has a structure that drains from the cultivation tank to the culture tank using gravity, so the cultivation tank should be installed higher than the culture tank, so that the frame must be made and supported. The frame supporting the jaw impairs the view and aesthetics of the veranda, and it is difficult to install a hydroponic cultivation device when a flower bed composed of a high jaw is installed on the veranda.

Therefore, the technical problem to be achieved by the present invention, by using the flower bed installed in the apartment veranda irrespective of the size of the flower bed as a hydroponic cultivation tank, it is possible to install the hydroponic cultivation device, if the plant is installed on the veranda wide porch prospect The present invention provides a hydroponic cultivation apparatus capable of securing and maintaining a porch aesthetic view and freely and conveniently setting the time between rapid drainage cycles and supplying nutrient solution under optimum conditions for plant growth.

Hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the present invention for achieving the above technical problem: a cultivation tank; A medium located in a predetermined region of the culture tank; A separation passage formed in a region in which the medium is not located, the screen having a wall formed with a plurality of holes smaller than the medium particles so that the fluid moves but the medium particles cannot move; A drain pump installed in the separator; A lower limit water level detection sensor installed higher than an inlet of the drain pump, and an upper limit water level detection sensor installed higher than the lower limit water level detection sensor; A culture fluid passage installed outside the culture tank; A liquid supply pump installed inside the culture liquid container; A supply and drainage device for connecting the separator and the culture fluid container; Control means for controlling the operation of the drainage pump and the liquid supply pump receiving a signal from the lower limit water level detection sensor, the upper limit water level detection sensor and a separate timer.

In a hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the present invention; The water supply and drainage device is composed of one pipe connecting the outlet of the drainage pump and the outlet of the liquid supply pump may be a check valve is installed on the top.

In addition, the supply and drainage device is composed of a drainage pipe connected to the inside of the culture fluid reservoir from the outlet of the drainage pump, and a liquid supply pipe connected to the inside of the separation vessel from the outlet of the feed pump, the upper portion of the drainage pipe Check valves may be respectively installed above the liquid supply pipe.

Here, the liquid supply pipe is connected to the inside of the separator, the end of the liquid supply pipe is installed higher than the cultivated water level, characterized in that the spray means for finely spraying water at the end is further installed.

In a hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the present invention; Characterized in that the additional collection device is installed on the bottom of the cultivation tank.

Here, the collection device is a filler installed on the bottom of the cultivation tank outside the separator, the lower limit water level sensor may be located lower than the top of the filler.

In addition, the collection device is a puddle deeper than the bottom of the cultivation tank in which the medium is located, the separator is located therein, and the lower limit water level sensor may be located lower than the bottom of the cultivation tank.

In a hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the present invention; A water supply tank additionally installed to be positioned above the culture fluid reservoir and having a sealed lid; A water supply tube installed perpendicular to the water supply tank so that a lower end portion is positioned at a predetermined lower limit of the culture fluid reservoir; An on / off valve installed on the water supply tube; When the water level of the cultivation tank becomes the cultivation tank level, the water level in the culture tank is characterized in that the culture tank lower limit level.

In a hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the present invention; The culture fluid reservoir side bottom is characterized in that the water level meter formed of a transparent tube is additionally installed.

In a hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the present invention; The drainage tube and the opening and closing valve is further installed on the lower side wall of the cultivation tank.

According to the present invention, a cultivation tank; A medium located in a predetermined region of the culture tank; A separating passage consisting of a wall in the form of a screen; A drain pump installed in the separator; A lower limit water level detection sensor installed higher than an inlet of the drain pump, and an upper limit water level detection sensor installed higher than the lower limit water level detection sensor; A culture fluid passage installed outside the culture tank; A liquid supply pump installed inside the culture liquid container; In the control method of hydroponic cultivation apparatus comprising a water supply and drainage device for connecting the separation vessel and the culture fluid reservoir, a) the time when the water supply cycle will occur (hereinafter referred to as 'feeding cycle') and cultivation level and cultivation Setting a water level, b) starting operation of the liquid feed pump when the liquid supply cycle is reached; c) determining whether the nutrient level of the cultivation tank has reached the cultivation ancestor level during operation of the liquid supply pump and If it is not reached, continuing operation of the liquid feed pump; d) immediately stopping operation of the liquid feed pump and starting operation of the drainage pump when the nutrient solution level of the cultivation tank reaches the cultivation tank level, e) During the operation of the drainage pump, it is determined whether the nutrient level of the cultivation tank has reached the lower level of the cultivation tank, and the lower cultivation level has not been reached. If not, continuing operation of the drainage pump, f) stopping the operation of the drainage pump immediately when the nutrient solution level of the cultivation tank reaches the lower limit of the cultivation tank and waiting for the next supply cycle. A control method of a hydroponic cultivation apparatus is provided.

Here, even if the hydroponic cultivation apparatus at any stage, it may be possible to manually start the liquid feed pump to proceed to the steps c) to f).

In addition, even if the hydroponic cultivation apparatus at any stage may be to start the drainage pump manually to proceed to the steps e) to f).

According to the present invention, it is difficult to install a hydroponic cultivation device when there is a flower bed composed of high jaws on the veranda, but according to the present invention, a hydroponic cultivation device can be installed by using a veranda flower bed as a hydroponic cultivation tank regardless of the size of the veranda flower bed. This can improve the utilization of the veranda flower bed, and can save the cost by installing hydroponic cultivation device by purchasing only the culture liquid container and other accessories except the cultivation tank.

In addition, the cultivation tank does not need to be placed at the top of the culture vessel, so the cultivation tank can be installed on the veranda floor, giving the cultivation feels like a flower bed and a wide view of the veranda. There is no, the culture tank can be installed away from the cultivation tank can be installed in an inconspicuous place to maintain the porch aesthetics.

In addition, unlike a freshwater nutrient cultivation device that is frequently used for home use, by supplying nutrient solution and air to the plants alternately, air, moisture, and nutrients are supplied evenly without distinguishing the upper and lower portions of the medium, and the supply cycle can be freely and conveniently set. It is possible to supply the nutrient solution in the optimum conditions for the growth of the plant. And since the root is supported by the porous medium, it is possible to grow large crops.

In addition, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the present invention is not limited to domestic hydroponic cultivation can be used in commercial large-scale hydroponic cultivation, for example, the use of cement planting a 10 square meters to 20 square meters wide cultivation of a tank and waterproof with waterproof sheet coating By installing the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to construct a large-scale bottom irrigation hydroponic apparatus at low cost.

1 is a schematic view for explaining a hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of separately installed the liquid supply pipe and the drainage pipe as a hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention to form a puddle on the porch or the ground surface to install a hydroponic cultivation apparatus.
Figure 4 is a flow chart showing a control method of a hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

With reference to the accompanying drawings, it will be described in detail a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood, however, that the invention is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments, but includes all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.

1 is a schematic view for explaining a hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to Figure 1, the hydroponic apparatus for home use according to the present embodiment is provided with a cultivation tank, a culture fluid passage, a supply and drainage pipe, a timer and a controller.

The cultivation tank 100 includes a drainage pump 110, a medium 130, a separation tank 140, a low water level detection sensor 150, an upper water level detection sensor 160, a collecting device 170, The drainage tube 180 and the on-off valve 181 are installed.

The drainage pump 110, the lower limit water level detection sensor 150, and the upper limit water level detection sensor 160 are installed in the separator 140, and the wall of the separator 140 is provided with an external medium 130. In order to move the fluid between the space and the particles of the medium (130) is made of a wall in the form of a screen with a plurality of holes smaller than the medium 130 particles.

The upper limit water level detection sensor 160 is installed to be higher than the lower limit water level detection sensor 150 and lower than the height at which the media 130 are stacked. The lower limit water level detection sensor 150 is installed to be lower than the upper end of the collecting device 170 and higher than the drain pump suction port 120 to prevent idling of the drain pump 110.

Drainage pump 110 is used to drain the nutrient solution in the cultivation tank 100 into the culture fluid container 200, the supply and drain pipe 400 connected to the outlet of the drainage pump 110 to the outlet of the feed pump 210 Connected.

Outside the separator 140, the collection device 170 and the porous medium 130, the plant is planted.

The collecting device 170 is a filling material made of styrofoam or the like, so that the remaining nutrient solution is collected into the separation container 140 as the draining proceeds, so that the drainage pump 110 drains below the upper end of the collecting device 170. Allow complete drainage from

The drainage tube 180 is installed below the outer wall of the cultivation tank 100, and the opening / closing valve 181 is installed at the drainage tube 180. Drainage tube 180 is used to discharge the nutrient solution to the cultivation tank 100 when the nutrient solution is exchanged.

The culture liquid container 200 is provided with a liquid feed pump 210, a water level meter 220, a drainage tube 230, an opening / closing valve 231, and a water supply tank 240.

Feeding pump 210 is used to feed the nutrient solution in the culture fluid reservoir 200 into the cultivation tank 100, the supply and drain pipe 400 connected to the outlet of the feed pump 210 to the outlet of the drainage pump 110 Connected.

Water level gauge 220 is used to observe the nutrient solution level in the culture fluid reservoir 200 as a tube of a transparent material.

A drainage tube 230 is installed below the outer wall of the culture fluid container 200, and an opening / closing valve 231 is installed at the drainage tube 230. The drainage tube 230 is used to discharge the nutrient solution to the outside of the culture broth 200 when the nutrient solution is exchanged.

The water supply container 240 is installed to automatically replenish water in the culture fluid container 200 in order to prevent the nutrient solution from being absorbed or evaporated by the plant to reduce the amount of the nutrient solution and increase the concentration. The water supply container 240 has a sealed lid 241 through which air intake is completely blocked, and a water supply tube 243 and an opening / closing valve 242 are installed.

The feed tube 243 is installed so that its lower end is located at the predetermined culture medium lower limit water level (d).

The liquid supply pump 210 and the drainage pump 110 are connected to each other by a pipe of a predetermined hardness or more, which does not shrink even in water pressure, and thus the liquid supply and drainage are made. Particularly, in the present embodiment, a single supply (400, below) Drainage and feed). At this time, the liquid supply pump 210 and the drainage pump 110 are pumps without a separate backflow prevention device, and when the liquid supply pump 210 is operated, the drainage pump 110 becomes a discharge port of the nutrient solution and the drainage pump 110 is When operated, the liquid feed pump 210 serves as an outlet of the nutrient solution.

The check valve 500 is installed at the upper end of the supply / drain pipe 400. When the operation of the liquid feed pump 210 or the drainage pump 110 is stopped because the nutrient solution flows from the culture broth 200 to the culture tank 100 by a siphon phenomenon while a vacuum is formed inside the feed drain pipe 400. In order to prevent this, the check valve 500 is installed. The check valve 500 may not allow the nutrient solution to go out of the supply and drain pipe 400, but prevents the siphon phenomenon by allowing external air to enter the supply and drain pipe 400.

The controller unit 300 includes a timer 310 and a controller 320.

In the timer 310, a user sets a liquid supply cycle according to the amount of sunshine, temperature, and humidity. When the user's liquid supply cycle is set, the timer supplies electricity to the controller 320 to start the supply and drain cycle.

The controller 320 receives signals from the timer 310 and the water level detection sensors 150 and 160 to control the operation of the liquid supply pump 210 and the drainage pump 110. That is, when electricity is supplied from the timer 310, the controller 320 immediately supplies the nutrient solution in the culture liquid container 200 to the cultivation tank 100 by operating the feed pump 210, and the nutrient level of the cultivation tank 100 is increased. When the cultivation tank water level (a) is reached and the cultivation tank water level (a) signal is received by the upper limit water level detection sensor 160, the operation of the liquid feed pump 210 is immediately stopped and the drainage pump 110 is operated. The nutrient solution in 100) is drained into the culture fluid container 200. When the water level in the cultivation tank 100 reaches the cultivation tank lower limit level (b) and receives the cultivation lower limit level (b) signal by the lower limit water level detection sensor 150, the operation of the drainage pump 110 is stopped by stopping the operation of the drainage pump 110. Quit.

The supply and drain cycle proceeds irrespective of whether electricity is continuously supplied by the timer 310 once started, or the electricity is cut off, or when electricity is cut off and supplied again. The operation of the liquid feed pump 210 and the drainage pump 110 is stopped until the next liquid supply cycle is set in the standby state.

In the standby state or when the power supply drainage cycle is interrupted in the middle of a power outage and the power is restored, the pressure supply pump operation switch or the drainage pump operation switch installed in the controller 320 can be manually started.

Hereinafter, the operation of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

Operation of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the present invention consists of a preliminary preparation step and an operation step and nutrient solution exchange step.

First, the preparation stage will be described. The preliminary preparation phase is the preparation stage to start the first hydroponic cultivation. First, the power supply of the controller unit 300 is cut off to stop the operation of the liquid feed pump 210 and the drainage pump 110, and shut off all the open / close valves 181, 231, and 242. Subsequently, the culture liquid container 200 is filled with water to the culture liquid normal water level (c), and then an appropriate amount of fertilizer is added to the culture liquid container 200 to prepare a nutrient solution. At this time, the culture medium upper limit level (c) is the nutrient solution level in the culture bath 200 when completely drained from the culture tank 100 to the culture tank 200, and the culture medium lower limit level (d) is the culture tank upper limit level (a). The nutrient solution level in the culture liquid container 200 when the liquid is supplied until the nutrient solution corresponding to the volume between the culture liquid normal upper level (c) and the culture liquid lower limit level (d) of the culture liquid container 200 is supplied to the culture tank 100. It becomes a quantity. Therefore, the culture medium normal water level (c) should not be set higher than the height of the culture fluid container 200, and the culture fluid container minimum water level (d) should not be set lower than the bottom of the culture fluid container 200. The water level d must be set high enough. Then, the lid 241 of the water container 240 is filled with water, and the lid 241 is closed to seal the water, and then the opening / closing valve 242 of the water container 240 is opened.

Subsequently, a power supply is connected to the controller unit 300, the supply period of the timer 310 is set to the current time, and the supply period for performing the supply and drain cycle of the day is set in the timer 310.

The following describes the operation steps. The operation step is a step of operating the hydroponic cultivation device according to the present invention for the growth of the plant is made automatically without the user's operation. When the liquid supply cycle set in the timer 310 is reached, electricity is supplied to the controller 320 from the timer 310, and the controller 320 receives electricity from the timer 310 to supply electricity to the liquid supply pump 210. The feed liquid pump 210 is operated. Accordingly, the nutrient solution of the culture liquid container 200 is supplied to the cultivation tank 100 through the rapid drainage pipe 400, and the nutrient solution level in the cultivation tank 100 rises to reach the cultivation tank upper limit level (a). The sensing unit 160 sends an electric signal to the controller 320. The controller 320 receives the signal from the upper limit water level detection sensor 160 to cut off the power supply of the liquid feed pump 210 to stop the operation and supply electricity to the drainage pump 110 to operate the drainage pump 110. Accordingly, the nutrient solution in the cultivation tank 100 is drained to the culture liquid tank 200 through the rapid drainage pipe 400, and as the nutrient solution is drained, the nutrient solution level in the cultivation tank 100 decreases to the lower level of the cultivation tank (b). As early as the low water level detection sensor 150 detects and sends an electrical signal to the controller (320). The controller 320 receives the signal from the lower limit water level detection sensor 150 to cut off the power of the drainage pump 110 to stop the operation and become a standby state. At this time, the supply and drain cycle proceeds and ends irrespective of whether electricity supplied from the timer 310 to the controller 320 is continuously supplied, cut off, or cut off and then supplied again.

When the power of the drainage pump 110 is cut off, the nutrient solution is filled in the supply drainage pipe 400 and the supply drainage pipe 400 is sealed so that the nutrient solution of the culture fluid container 200 is cultivated by the siphon phenomenon. Can backflow. At this time, as the check valve 500 is opened, air is introduced into the supply and drain pipe 400 so that the siphon phenomenon is eliminated.

The collecting device 170 allows the nutrient solution to be collected around the drainage pump suction port 120 to allow complete drainage from the medium 130. Since the medium 130 is immersed in the nutrient solution and the nutrient solution is discharged within a short time, the root of the plant and the medium 130 are immersed in the nutrient solution, and at the same time, new air is supplied so that the nutrient, moisture, and air can be properly supplied. If only some other conditions necessary for growth, such as ventilation, the plant will show a strong growth.

When the amount of nutrient solution decreases due to the consumption or evaporation of the plant, and the level of the culture liquid tank 200 when the cultivation tank reaches the cultivation level (a) becomes lower than the lower end of the water supply tube 243, the air flows through the water supply tube 243. As the water enters the inside of the water container 240, the water is supplied from the water container 240 to the culture liquid container 200 to be filled to the culture liquid container lower limit level d, thereby preventing the nutrient solution from being insufficient. The level of the nutrient solution can be checked to go down to the appropriate level by observing the water level gauge 220.

In this case, if the power failure is restored during the supply drain cycle, the supply drain cycle is stopped. When the next time set by the timer 310, the feed pump 210 starts to operate and the supply drain cycle proceeds. do. In this case, if the feed pump operation switch or the drain pump operation switch of the controller 320 is manually pressed, the feed drain cycle can be immediately performed.

The following describes the nutrient exchange step. If the rapid drain cycle is repeated for two to one month in the operating phase, the major components of the nutrient solution are consumed and the nutrient solution needs to be replaced. When the nutrient solution needs to be exchanged, the controller unit 300 is turned off, the water shutoff valve 242 is blocked so that no water is supplied, and the cultivation tank with the on / off valve 231 installed in the culture fluid bottle 200 is provided. After opening and closing the valve 181 installed in the (100) completely empty the nutrient solution from the culture broth 200 and the cultivation tank 100, and then go through the above-preparatory step again.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining a hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The same components as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and a description thereof will be omitted.

In the hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the liquid supply pipe 401 and the drainage pipe 402 are separately installed as the supply and drainage device in the hydroponic cultivation device according to the first embodiment as shown in FIG. Form.

The liquid supply pipe 401 is connected to the inside of the separator 140 from the outlet of the liquid supply pump 210 is installed. A check valve 501 is installed at an upper end of the liquid supply pipe 401, and an injection nozzle 403 is installed at a lower side of the separation tube 140 of the liquid supply pipe 401. The injection nozzle 403 is installed higher than the cultivation tank level (a) to finely spray the nutrient solution during the liquid supply.

Drainage pipe 402 is connected to the inside of the culture fluid reservoir 200 from the outlet of the drainage pump 110 is installed. A check valve 502 is installed at the upper end of the drain pipe 402.

According to this embodiment, when the nutrient solution is injected by the injection nozzle 403 installed in the liquid feed pipe 401 when the liquid supply is supplied with oxygen to the nutrient solution while the fine droplets of nutrient solution is in contact with the air supply oxygen-rich nutrient solution to the root of the plant I can give it.

Operation of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to this embodiment is the same as the first embodiment of the present invention.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. 3 is a schematic view for explaining a hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The same components as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and a description thereof will be omitted.

In the hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, the pudding 102 is installed as a liquid collecting device in the hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the first embodiment, and the drainage pump 110 and the lower limit water level. The detection tube 150 and the upper limit water level detection sensor 160 is installed in the separation chamber 140 is installed in the puddle (102). If the bottom of the cultivation tank becomes the ground, such as in the case of using a veranda flower bed as a hydroponic cultivation tank, the bottom surface is constructed deeper to form a puddle 102 so that the nutrient solution is collected into the puddle 102 when the drainage is discharged from the medium 130. Full drainage can occur.

Operation of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to this embodiment is the same as the first embodiment of the present invention.

In particular, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the present invention described above has the following advantages when compared with the applicant's design (Utility Model Application No. 20-2006-0020072, hereinafter referred to as a conventional device).

First, in the case of exposure to moisture in the conventional apparatus, drainage cycles occur intermittently while nutrient solution is continuously supplied by gravity. Therefore, the upper part of the medium is repeated the feeding and draining at regular intervals, but the lower part of the medium is immersed in the nutrient solution for more than half of the time that the feeding drain cycle. At the extreme, the bottom of the medium is always submerged except for the time at which drainage is complete. Therefore, the conventional device is not suitable for the growth of plants that do not like moisture, and the roots of plants are exposed to excessive moisture in winter or at night when the water consumption is low, so the conditions of the roots necessary for plant growth (air, moisture, nutrients) ) Is not enough supply of air to the bottom of the medium has the disadvantage that the root is likely to rot.

On the other hand, in the case of the present invention, since the liquid supply and drainage are completed in a short time and the liquid supply does not occur until the next supply drainage cycle starts, when one supply draining cycle is completed, the lower part of the medium contains only appropriate moisture as in the upper part of the air. Since moisture, nutrients are to be supplied evenly, it is possible to solve the problem of the conventional apparatus.

Second, in the conventional drainage cycle, in the conventional apparatus, since the cycle of the drainage cycle is adjusted by adjusting the opening / closing degree of the supply valve, the drainage occurs at the same cycle all day. Therefore, even at night when the water consumption is low, rapid drainage occurs at the same cycle as the day, and the plant is exposed to excessive moisture at night.

On the other hand, in the case of the present invention, a time, for example, a time for the rapid drainage cycle is set by using a timer, for example, a timer capable of setting a time for supplying electricity at intervals of 10 minutes or 15 minutes with a period of 24 hours. Therefore, it is possible to precisely set the time when the drainage cycle will take place, and it is possible to set the time between the drainage cycle freely and conveniently in consideration of temperature, sunshine, plant type, season, etc. of the day, which is optimal for plant growth. Condition to supply nutrient solution.

Third, in the case of the conventional apparatus in the position of the culture fluid container, the lower end of the culture fluid container must be higher than the cultivation tank so that the liquid supply can continue to occur due to gravity, so the culture fluid container must be installed at a higher position than the cultivation tank using a separate frame. did.

On the other hand, in the case of the present invention, the height or position of the culture vessel can be placed irrespective of the position of the cultivation tank, so that not only the cultivation tank can be placed on the floor of the cultivation tank but also the cultivation tank can be installed at a position far away from the cultivation tank. There is no need to support the culture vessels, and the culture vessels can be installed in an inconspicuous place to secure a wide view of the veranda.

* Description of the symbols used in the main parts of the drawings *
100: planting 101: flower garden jaw
102: puddle 110: drainage pump
120 drainage pump suction port 130 medium
140: separation cylinder 150: low water level detection sensor
160: upper limit water level detection sensor 170: filling material
180: drain tube 181: on-off valve
200: culture liquid container 210: liquid feed pump
220: water gauge 230: drainage tube
231: valve opening 240: water supply tank
241: closed lid 242: on-off valve
243: water supply tube 300: controller unit
310: Timer 320: Controller
400: water supply pipe 401: water supply pipe
402: drainage piping 403: injection nozzle
500: check valve 501: check valve
502: check valve a: planting water level
b: Lower limit of culture tank c: Normal level of culture medium
d: culture medium lower limit level

Claims (14)

Cultivation tanks;
A medium located in a predetermined region of the culture tank;
A separation passage formed in a region in which the medium is not located, the screen having a wall formed with a plurality of holes smaller than the medium particles so that the fluid moves but the medium particles cannot move;
A drain pump installed in the separator;
A lower limit water level detection sensor installed higher than an inlet of the drain pump, and an upper limit water level detection sensor installed higher than the lower limit water level detection sensor;
A culture fluid passage installed outside the culture tank;
A liquid supply pump installed inside the culture liquid container;
A supply and drainage device for connecting the separator and the culture fluid container;
Hydroponic cultivation device is provided with a control means for controlling the operation of the drainage pump and the liquid supply pump receiving a signal from the lower limit water level detection sensor, the upper limit water level detection sensor and a separate timer. The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the water supply and drainage device is a pipe connecting the water outlet of the drainage pump and the water outlet of the water supply pump. According to claim 1, wherein the water supply and drainage device is composed of a drainage pipe connected to the inside of the culture fluid reservoir from the outlet of the drainage pump, and a liquid supply pipe connected to the inside of the separation vessel from the outlet of the liquid supply pump, the drainage pipe Hydroponic cultivation apparatus, characterized in that each of the check valve is installed on the top of the upper and the liquid supply pipe. According to claim 3, wherein the liquid supply pipe is connected to the inside of the separation vessel, the end of the liquid supply pipe is installed higher than the cultivation level above the water level of the upper limit level detection sensor is spraying means for finely spraying water at the end Hydroponic apparatus characterized in that the installation further The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a collecting device at the bottom of the cultivation tank. The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the liquid collecting device is a filler installed at the bottom of the cultivation tank outside the separator, and the lower limit water level sensor is located lower than the upper portion of the filler. According to claim 5, wherein the collecting device is a puddle deeper than the bottom of the cultivation tank in which the medium is located, the separation vessel is located therein, and the lower limit water level sensor is located lower than the bottom of the cultivation tank. Hydroponic cultivation device. According to claim 1, It is further installed to be located above the culture fluid reservoir and the water supply tank with a closed lid; A water supply tube installed perpendicular to the water supply tank so that a lower end is positioned at a predetermined culture fluid lower limit level; An on / off valve installed on the water supply tube; Hydroponic cultivation apparatus, characterized in that the level in the culture fluid reservoir becomes the culture fluid reservoir lower limit level when the level of the cultivation tank is the cultivation tank limit level in which the upper limit water level detection sensor is located. The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a water level meter formed of a transparent tube is further installed at the lower side of the culture liquid container side. According to claim 1, Hydroponic cultivation apparatus, characterized in that the drain tube and the opening and closing valve is further installed on the lower side wall of the culture fluid reservoir. The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a drainage tube and an opening / closing valve are further installed at a lower end of the side wall of the culture tank. Cultivation tanks;
A medium located in a predetermined region of the culture tank;
A separating passage consisting of a wall in the form of a screen;
A drain pump installed in the separator;
A lower limit water level detection sensor installed higher than an inlet of the drain pump, and an upper limit water level detection sensor installed higher than the lower limit water level detection sensor;
A culture fluid passage installed outside the culture tank;
A liquid supply pump installed inside the culture liquid container;
In the control method of hydroponic cultivation apparatus comprising a supply and drainage device for connecting the separation vessel and the culture fluid reservoir,
a) establishing the liquid supply cycle, the cultivation ceiling level and the cultivation ceiling level;
b) starting operation of the liquid supply pump when the liquid supply cycle is reached;
c) determining whether the nutrient solution level of the cultivation tank has reached the cultivation tank level during the operation of the liquid supply pump, and if the cultivation tank has not reached the cultivation tank level, continuing the operation of the feed pump
d) immediately stopping operation of the liquid feed pump and starting operation of the drainage pump when the nutrient solution level of the cultivation tank reaches the cultivation tank limit level;
e) determining whether the nutrient level of the cultivation tank has reached the lower limit of the cultivation tank during operation of the drainage pump, and continuing operation of the drainage pump if the cultivation level has not reached the lower limit of the cultivation tank.
and f) stopping the operation of the drainage pump immediately when the nutrient solution level of the cultivation tank reaches the lower cultivation level and waiting for the next supply cycle. 13. The control method of a hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the hydroponic cultivation apparatus is manually started at any stage so that the steps c) to f) can be performed. 13. The method of controlling a hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the hydroponic cultivation apparatus is manually started at any stage so that the steps e) to f) can be performed.

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