KR101197021B1 - High and Low Voltage Switch Gear Panel, Motor Center Control Panel and Distribution Panel having Arc Flash Sensing Apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A high and low voltage switchgear, a motor control panel and a panel board are provided to remove a cause of a new arc flash event by inputting an output of an arc flash detecting element to a signal processing means without noise disturbance. CONSTITUTION: A wide angle lens(100) is installed near a connection part of devices. An ultraviolet ray selection pass filter(200) is installed on the back end of the wide angle lens. The ultraviolet ray selection pass filter selectively passes ultraviolet rays generated in arc. A fluorescent means(300) converts the wavelength of the ultraviolet rays to the wavelength of visible rays. One end of a plurality of optical fiber bundles(400) is arranged near the fluorescent means. A condensing lens is arranged on other end of the optical fiber bundle. A photomultiplier tube(600) is installed on a focal distance of the condensing lens.

Description

High and low voltage switchgear, motor control panel and distribution panel with arc flash detection device {High and Low Voltage Switch Gear Panel, Motor Center Control Panel and Distribution Panel having Arc Flash Sensing Apparatus}

The present invention is installed in each element of the high and low voltage switchgear, the motor control panel and the distribution panel to detect the occurrence of the arc flash in the set range area, as well as to determine the exact location and size of the arc flash, and is shielded from noise in the sensing device. The present invention relates to a high and low voltage switchgear, a motor control panel, and a distribution panel equipped with an arc flash detection device to completely block noise from entering during a signal transmission to a data collection board installed in a zone.

As is well known, the arc flash accident is the biggest accident occurring in high and low voltage switchgear, motor control panel and distribution panel, and if the duration is long, the high and low voltage switchgear, motor control panel, distribution panel and power equipment are damaged for a long time. In addition to causing a power outage, serious human damage can occur if workers are exposed to the arc at the moment of the accident.

That is, known power circuits and switchgear generally have conductors that are isolated by insulators such as air, gas or solid dielectrics.

However, an arc can occur if the conductors are placed too close to each other, or if the voltage between the conductors exceeds the insulation properties of the insulator between the conductors.

The insulator between the conductors can be ionized, and this ionization makes the insulator conductive and can cause arc flash.

Arc flash is due to the fast release of energy due to an accident between two phase conductors, between the phase conductor and the intermediate conductor, or between the phase conductor and the ground point.

Arc flash temperatures can reach or exceed 20,000 ° C., which can vaporize conductors and adjacent equipment.

Moreover, arc flash can emit significant energy in the form of heat, strong light, pressure waves and / or sound waves sufficient to damage conductors and adjacent equipment.

However, the current level of the accident causing the arc discharge is generally less than the current level of the short circuit, where the circuit breaker cannot trigger a delayed trip unless the circuit breaker is specifically designed to regulate the arc fault condition.

Moreover, standard circuit protection devices such as fuses and circuit breakers generally do not react fast enough to mitigate arc flash.

One known circuit protection device that exhibits sufficiently fast response is an electrical crossbar, which utilizes mechanical and / or electro-mechanical processes by intentionally creating electrical short circuits to convert electrical energy from arc flash points.

Such intentional short circuit fault is eliminated by tripping the fuse or circuit breaker.

However, intentional short-circuit accidents created using crowbar can cause a significant level of current to flow through adjacent electrical equipment, which can still damage the equipment.

Means for detecting an arc flash event in the event of an arc flash accident for the safety of the operator or durability of the switchgear are disclosed in US Patent Application No. 20100044600 (name of the invention: a method and system for detecting an arc flash event using current and voltage). And METHODS, SYSTEMS, AND APPARATUS FOR DETECTING ARC FLASH EVENTS USING CURRENT AND VOLTAGE (hereinafter referred to as 'quoting invention' 1).

This is the “power circuit protection system 100,

A current sensor 106 configured to measure a first current level flowing through a conductor of the circuit 104, a voltage sensor 110 configured to measure a first voltage level between a plurality of conductors of the circuit 104, and the A controller 116 communicatively coupled to the current sensor 106 and the voltage sensor 110,

The controller 116 receives a first signal indicating the first current level from the current sensor 106, receives a second signal indicating the first voltage level from the voltage sensor 110, and And configured to determine whether to activate the first circuit protection device 112 or the second circuit protection device 114 based on the first signal and the second signal.

“A controller 116 for use in a power circuit protection system 100,

Communicatively connected to the current sensor 106 and the voltage sensor 110,

Communicatively connected to the circuit breaker 114 and the arc suppression device 112,

Controller configured to determine whether to activate one of the conductors 2) of the circuit 104.

It uses (a) current and voltage to detect arc flash events; (b) upon detecting an arc flash event, activates an arc suppression device that mitigates damage to electrical equipment from arc flash energy by rerouting energy and generates a controlled arc flash event in a selfcontained device; ; (c) using at least one of reducing the threshold levels of current and voltage for additional protection during service periods using an operating mode of electrical equipment.

On the other hand, since the current and voltage values are determined by various factors besides the arc flash, the method of detecting the arc flash event only by the current and voltage values has a problem of low reliability, and includes a high and low voltage switchgear, a motor control panel, The inside of the distribution panel has a problem that the reliability of the signal is further lowered because the various noise levels are very high. Since the signal line itself is a conductor, there is a problem that may cause a new arc flash event.

Moreover, according to the above-mentioned Cited Invention 1, it is virtually impossible to determine the location of occurrence of the arc flash, and thus there is a limit in that measures for rapid repair and prevention of power failure are impossible.

Therefore, Republic of Korea Patent No. 1112003 (Invention name: Deterioration detection device of the switchgear; hereinafter referred to as 'quotation of invention 2') has been proposed,

At least one ultraviolet sensor for detecting an arc generated from at least one connection of the devices provided in the switchgear and outputs an arc detection signal; At least one infrared temperature sensor for sensing a surface temperature of at least one of the devices and outputting a connection temperature signal; At least one ambient temperature sensor sensing a temperature inside the switchboard and outputting an ambient temperature signal; An arc detector for digitizing the arc detection signal from the ultraviolet sensor and outputting arc detection data; A contact temperature detector for digitizing the contact temperature signal from the infrared temperature sensor and outputting contact temperature data; An ambient temperature detector for digitizing the ambient temperature signal from the ambient temperature sensor and outputting ambient temperature data; Based on the arc detection data, the connection temperature data and the ambient temperature data from the arc detection unit, the connection temperature detection unit and the ambient temperature detection unit, the intensity of the arc generated from the top of the connection of the device, the number of arc peaks, the frequency of occurrence of the arc, And an input data extraction unit for extracting a temperature change rate of the surface of the device connection part, a temperature change rate around the device connection part, and a temperature change rate between the surface temperature of the device connection part and the ambient temperature of the device connection part.

Therefore, this Cited Invention 2,

First: Since the deterioration of the connection is judged by detecting the arc and the temperature of the connection of the switchgear, it is possible to increase the accuracy of the deterioration judgment of the switchgear connection.

Second, there is no restriction on installation because it detects arc and temperature by using a non-contact sensor, ultraviolet sensor and infrared temperature sensor,

Third, due to the characteristics of the ultraviolet sensor and the infrared temperature sensor, it is possible to minimize the influence on the surrounding lighting and disturbance light, which has the advantage of high accuracy and reliability of the detected data.

On the other hand, according to the cited invention, since the conductors for transmitting the signal output of the arc detector, the junction temperature detector, and the ambient temperature detector related to the arc flash generated by the ultraviolet sensor must be arranged, the various noise level signals are generated. There is a problem in that noise signal is inevitably introduced due to the condition of a high switchgear, which lowers the reliability of the signal, and there is a possibility that a wire connected to the input data extractor may provide a cause of a new arc flash event. .

In addition, this cited invention is often impossible to detect the arc flash if the arc detector is not located exactly in the position where the arc flash occurs, it is difficult to determine the exact location of the arc flash, the structure of the arc flash, etc. This is because there is a problem that it is difficult to take appropriate measures to prevent the occurrence of arc flash.

1. US patent application 20100044600 (name of the invention: methods, systems and apparatus for detecting arc flash events using current and voltage (METHODS, SYSTEMS, AND APPARATUS FOR DETECTING ARC FLASH EVENTS USING CURRENT AND VOLTAGE) 2. Republic of Korea Registered Patent 1112003 (Invention: Deterioration Detection Device of Switchgear)

In order to solve this problem, an object of the present invention is to detect an arc in close proximity to a connection of devices provided inside a high and low voltage switchgear, a motor control panel, and a distribution panel, and in particular, the output of the arc flash sensing element has no effect on ambient noise. For high and low voltage switchboards, motor control boards, and distribution boards that do not provide a source of new arc flash events by not allowing wires to be input to the signal processing means and not using the conductors to transmit the arc flash detection signal. An arc flash detection device is provided.

The present invention is installed in close proximity to the connection of the devices provided inside the high and low voltage switchgear, motor control panel and distribution panel to achieve this purpose, and installed on the rear end of the wide-angle lens and the wide-angle lens used to expand the detectable area And a UV selective transmission filter for selectively passing ultraviolet rays generated from the arc, and installed behind the UV selective transmission filter to convert the wavelength of the ultraviolet light into the wavelength of visible light, and to emit visible light according to the altitude and azimuth angle of the arc flash. The changing fluorescent means, a plurality of optical fiber bundles having one end closely connected to the fluorescent means, a condenser lens disposed at the other end of the optical fiber bundle, a photomultiplier tube (PMT) provided at a focal length of the condenser lens, and a photomultiplier tube It consists of a data collection board that can read 2D image data output from And to the hayeoseo it proposed a low-pressure distribution panel, Motor Control and distribution boards for arc flash sensors.

In this way, the present invention is capable of directly transmitting the arc flash-related signals generated at the connection of the devices provided inside the high and low voltage switchgear, the motor control panel and the power distribution panel to the data collection board through the optical fiber instead of the conductor, thereby reducing noise. There is an effect that can fundamentally block the occurrence of problems and the occurrence of arc flash by the installation of the wire.

In addition, the present invention can accurately analyze the occurrence position and the size by the two-dimensional image signal represented by the coordinates and coordinates according to the detected altitude and azimuth angle of the arc flash, so that the action of the individual arcing site is possible. The use of a wide-angle lens accurately detects the occurrence of arc flash in the desired range and enables accurate and efficient maintenance and repair work, resulting in damage to human accidents caused by the arc flash or damage to high and low voltage switchboards, motor control panels, and distribution panel equipment. There is an excellent effect that can prevent the enormous damage caused by the power outage accident.

1 is an explanatory diagram showing a conventional configuration for detecting an arc flash event using current and voltage.
Figure 2 is an explanatory view showing the electrical configuration of the deterioration detection device of the conventional switchgear utilizing the ultraviolet and infrared sensor.
Figure 3 is a side view showing the overall configuration of the present invention.
4A is an explanatory diagram illustrating an apparatus position of a high and low voltage switchgear in which an arc flash to be sensed frequently according to the present invention;
4B is an explanatory diagram illustrating a device position of an electric motor control panel in which an arc flash to be detected by the present invention is frequent;
4C is an explanatory diagram illustrating the device position of a distribution panel in which an arc flash to be detected by the present invention is frequent;
5 is a perspective view showing the overall configuration of the present invention.
6 is an explanatory diagram showing an area detectable by the present invention;
7 is a characteristic diagram of an ultraviolet selective transmission filter used in the present invention.
Figure 8 is a perspective view showing one end of the optical fiber bundle used in the present invention.
Figure 9 is a side view showing an example of forming a fluorescent means on one end of the optical fiber bundle used in the present invention.

The overall configuration of a specific embodiment according to the present invention is shown in FIG.

As can be seen from the above, the present invention is installed in close proximity to the connection of the devices provided in the high and low voltage switchgear, the motor control panel and the distribution panel, the wide-angle lens 100 used to expand the detectable area, It is installed at the rear end of the wide-angle lens 100 and installed in the ultraviolet selective transmission filter 200 for selectively passing ultraviolet rays generated in the arc and the rear of the ultraviolet selective transmission filter 200 to convert the wavelength of ultraviolet rays into the wavelength of visible light. In addition, the fluorescent means 300 is a light emission image of the visible light changes depending on the altitude and azimuth angle of the arc flash, a plurality of optical fiber bundle 400 and the optical fiber bundle 400 having one end close to the fluorescent means 300 The condenser lens disposed at the other end, the photomultiplier tube 600 (PMT) provided at the focal length of the condenser lens 500, and the two-dimensional image data output from the photomultiplier tube 600 can be read. It is composed of the yeoseo data acquisition board (700).

The present invention is installed in the appliance connection portion of the high and low voltage switchgear, the motor control panel and the distribution panel as shown by the black point portion, as shown in Figures 4a to 4c,

For example, high and low voltage switchgears, motor control panels and distribution boards installed indoors or outdoors can be high and low voltage switchgear, voltage converter, high voltage circuit breaker, low voltage circuit breaker, branch circuit breaker, etc. The detailed description of each component is as follows.

In the present invention, as shown by the black dots in FIG. 4, a wide-angle lens 100 is provided adjacent to the device elements of the high and low voltage switchgear, the motor control panel, and the distribution panel that require arc flash generation detection.

The wide-angle lens 100 is designed to be suitable for optical properties to cover the altitude and azimuth.

For example, an optical lens for ultraviolet light is used as the wide-angle lens 100, the maximum incident angle is 55 degrees, and the F number is 2.0. The optical material has a refractive index (nd) of 1.713 and a dispersion ratio (vd) of 53.94. The optical lens for ultraviolet rays may be generally used as long as the optical material is 1.49 <refractive index (nd) <1.78, and 46.0 <Abbe number (vd) <91.0.

By the wide-angle lens 100, the present invention is capable of detecting not only the arc flash generated in the immediately preceding device element but also the arc flash generated in the entire set area and determining the size and the exact position thereof.

According to the present invention, the arc flash generated in the region set as described above is incident through the wide-angle lens 100, and the incident arc flash shows a peak value at a wavelength of 520 nm, as shown in FIGS. 4A to 4C, and 320 nm to 380. Since the ultraviolet component is high in the ultraviolet region of ㎚, only light of 400 nm or less passes through the ultraviolet selective transmission filter 200 installed at the rear end of the wide-angle lens.

In this way, only the ultraviolet light passes through the selective transmission filter 200 and reaches the fluorescent means 300 in a state in which disturbance light by various lights such as fluorescent lights or daylight is removed.

Since the fluorescent means converts the wavelength into visible light by receiving ultraviolet rays and emits light, the image of the arc flash reaches the fluorescent means 300 as it passes through the wide-angle lens 100 and the selective transmission filter 200. In the fluorescent means 300, the same image as that of the arc flash is emitted.

Furthermore, in the present invention, since one end of the optical fiber bundle 400 composed of a plurality of optical fibers is installed in close proximity to the fluorescent means 300, the shape of the arc flash is projected as it is on one end of the optical fiber bundle 400 and eventually the shape of the arc flash. An image having the same visible light as that is to be illuminated at one end of the optical fiber bundle 400.

Therefore, the visible light incident on one end of the optical fiber bundle 400 reaches the other end through each optical fiber. Thus, where the other end of the optical fiber bundle 400 reaches, the data collection is installed where electromagnetic shielding is made. The photomultiplier tube 600 connected to the board 700 is reached, and the photomultiplier tube 600 amplifies the arc flash image signal level formed at the other end of the optical fiber bundle 400 as described above. ) Is applied.

As a result, the data acquisition board 700 converts the input analog image signal corresponding to the shape of the arc flash transmitted by the optical fiber bundle 400 into a digital image signal and based on the shape of the arc flash and the arc flash center. The point can be calculated.

That is, the arc flash is generated as an image having a specific altitude and azimuth angle and the brightness is not uniform for each part, the actual state of the image is the same process as described above the other end of the optical fiber bundle 400 Is emitted as an image from the condensing lens 500 to reach the photomultiplier tube (600).

Therefore, the photomultiplier tube 600 is applied with an image signal having a shape corresponding to the elevation angle and the azimuth angle and a brightness deviation exists for each part, and these values correspond to the brightness as well as the coordinate values depending on the position. The level is also converted to digital data with the function of the data acquisition board 700 at different analog values.

In the present invention, by converting the brightness difference for each part of the image amplified by the photomultiplier tube 600 from the analog signal to the digital signal and contrast, the brightest part is recognized as the center of the arc flash and the coordinates and coordinates of the part are detected. Therefore, it is possible to calculate the exact position inside the high and low voltage switchgear, motor control panel and distribution panel, it can be useful for maintenance and repair, such as the occurrence of leakage, ground fault, short circuit or trekking.

In addition, in the present invention, the fluorescent means 300 may be manufactured and used in the form of fluorescent glass as shown in FIG. 3, and in some cases, the fluorescent material may be used as the fluorescent means 300 as shown in FIG. 10. The optical fiber 401 may be implemented in a form in which a phosphor coating layer formed by coating a uniform thickness on one end thereof.

The present invention as described above is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes can be made within the spirit and concept intended by the present invention.

100: wide-angle lens
200: UV selective transmission filter
300: fluorescent means
400: optical fiber bundle
401 optical fiber
500: condenser lens
600: photomultiplier tube
700: data acquisition board

Claims (9)

It is installed close to the connection part of the devices provided inside the high and low voltage switchgear, and is used to expand the detectable area, and is installed at the rear end of the wide angle lens, and ultraviolet rays for selectively passing the ultraviolet rays generated in the arc It is installed behind the selective transmission filter, the ultraviolet selective transmission filter, converts the wavelength of ultraviolet rays into the wavelength of visible light, and closes one end to the fluorescent means and the fluorescent means in which the emission image of the visible light changes according to the altitude and azimuth angle of the arc flash. A data collection board for reading a plurality of optical fiber bundles, a condenser lens disposed at the other end of the optical fiber bundle, a photomultiplier tube installed at a focal length of the condenser lens, and two-dimensional image data output from the photomultiplier tube High and low voltage switchgear with an arc flash detection device, characterized in that consisting of.
The method of claim 1,
The fluorescent means is a high and low voltage switchgear equipped with an arc flash detection device, characterized in that the fluorescent glass form.
The method of claim 1,
The fluorescent means is a high and low voltage switchgear equipped with an arc flash detection device, characterized in that the production of a phosphor coating layer.
It is installed close to the connection part of the devices provided inside the motor control panel, and it is installed in the wide angle lens used for the expansion of the detectable area, and the UV selective transmission for selectively passing the ultraviolet rays generated in the arc after the wide angle lens. It is installed behind the filter and the ultraviolet selective transmission filter, and converts the wavelength of the ultraviolet light into the wavelength of visible light, and the fluorescent means for changing the emission image of the visible light according to the altitude and azimuth angle of the arc flash, and one end closely connected to the fluorescent means. Bundle of optical fibers, a condenser lens disposed at the other end of the bundle, an optoelectronic multiplier installed at the focal length of the condenser lens, and a data acquisition board configured to read two-dimensional image data output from the optoelectronic multiplier Motor control panel with an arc flash detection device characterized in that.
The method of claim 4, wherein
The fluorescent means is a motor control panel equipped with an arc flash detection device, characterized in that the fluorescent glass form.
The method of claim 4, wherein
The fluorescent means is a motor control panel with an arc flash detection device, characterized in that the phosphor coating layer is produced in the form.
The UV selective transmission filter is installed near the connection part of the devices provided inside the distribution panel and is used to expand the detectable area, and the UV selective transmission filter for selectively passing the ultraviolet rays generated in the arc at the rear end of the wide angle lens. And a fluorescent means installed behind the ultraviolet selective transmission filter to convert the wavelength of the ultraviolet light into the wavelength of the visible light, and the fluorescent means for changing the emission image of the visible light according to the altitude and azimuth angle of the arc flash, It consists of an optical fiber bundle, a condenser lens disposed at the other end of the optical fiber bundle, an optoelectronic multiplier installed at the focal length of the condenser lens, and a data acquisition board configured to read two-dimensional image data output from the optoelectronic multiplier. A distribution panel equipped with an arc flash detection device.
The method of claim 7, wherein
The fluorescent means is a distribution panel equipped with an arc flash detection device, characterized in that the fluorescent glass form.
8. The method of claim 7,
The fluorescent means is a distribution panel equipped with an arc flash detection device, characterized in that the production of a phosphor coating layer.

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