KR101162408B1 - Filtration Equipment For Reducing The Transmission Of Viruses And The Method Thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a device for removing a waterborne virus that is present in the water to pass the solution containing the virus through a device consisting of a foam containing a nickel metal particles fixed and a cartridge containing silver particles to remove the virus contained in the solution The present invention relates to a virus removal apparatus and a virus removal method.

Virus, removal, device

Description

Removal Equipment For Reducing The Transmission Of Viruses And The Method Thereof}

The present invention relates to a virus removal apparatus and a virus removal method used to remove waterborne viruses causing disease while being transmitted with water.

Viruses that cause waterborne viral diseases are naturally detected in aquatic environments such as sewage and polluted water, streams that pass through cities and rural areas, estuaries and seawater, and wastewater treatment facilities. More than 100 types of viruses have been reported in these waters (Melnickk JL 1984. Ethiologic agents and potential for causing waterborne viruses diasease, p. 1-16.In JL Melinick (ed), Enteric viruses in water vol , 15.karger, basel, Switzerland).

These viruses can affect the human body directly or indirectly by surface water, estuary water, sea water, river water, air released from plants in sewage treatment plants, incompletely purified water, drinking water, or wastewater from private purification facilities. Infectious (Sobey MD, Shields PA, Hauchman FS, Hazard RL, and Caton LW. 1986. Survival and transporter of hepatitis A virus in solis, groundwater and wastewater.Water Sci Tecnol. 18: 97-106; Yates MV, Gerba CP , and Kelly LM. 1985. Virus persitence in groundwater.Appl Environ, Microbiol. 49: 778-781).

Various methods have been introduced to remove viruses from water taken from rivers and lakes. Chlorine is the most common risk of genotoxicity or cancer if it is present in large quantities in drugs or drinking water used to inactivate pathogenic substances in drinking water (SD Richardson, MJ Plewa, ED, Wagner, R Schoeny, DM Demarini 2007 Occurence, genotoxxcities, and carcinogenecity of regulkated emerging disinfection by-products in drinking water: A review and raodmap for research.Mutastion Res 636: 178-242). Therefore, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) allows chlorine concentrations below 2 ppm (0.002 ng / mL) in drinking water, but the concentration required to inactivate the virus 99% is 0.1 µg, 5000 times higher than that allowed for drinking water. / Ml (SL Chang. 1968. Waterborne viral infections and their prevention Bull. Wld Hlth Org. 38: 401-414).

The patent invented by Winge (European Patent, EP796269B1) is a method of removing viral proteins from a virus contaminated solution by administering NH ₄ CO ₃ salt to a concentration of 0.3M to 3.0M and then filtering the virus protein. Is removed but salt is not suitable for drinking water production.

WO1998004335 suggests that an aliphatic polyamine composed of one or at least two amines, based on cationic resin, is effective in removing viruses.

Nickel foam (Ni-foam) is a porous structure that is used as a substrate for bonding other useful materials (NA Jarrah, F Li, JG van Ommen, L Lefferts. 2005. Immobilization of a layer of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) on Ni foam: A new structures catalyst support.J Mater Chem 25: 1946-1953), not known for virus removal in aqueous conditions.

Ag is well known for its antimicrobial properties (L Bo, W Yang, M Chen, J Gao, Q Xue 2009. A simple and 'green' synthesis of polymer-based silver colloids and their antibacterial properties.Chem Biodivers. 6 (1): 111-116; P Sanpui, A Murigadoss, PV Prrasad, SS Ghosh, A Chattopadhyvay 2008.The antibacterial properties of a novel chitosan-Ag-nanoparticle composite.Int J Food Microbiol 124 (2): 142-146 AR Shhverdi, A Fakhimi, HR Shhverdi, S Minaian 2007. Syntheisis and effect of silver nanoparticles on the antibacterial activity of different antibiotics ahainst Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.Nanomedicine 3 (2): 168-171) In relation to the study of the characteristics, the results of the Leo virus removal ability by attaching silver ions to hydroxyapatite (HA) ceramics (L Yang, X Ning, Q Xiao, K Chen, H Zhou. 2006. Development and chracterization of porous silver -incorporated hydroxy apatiets ceramic for seperation and el Imination of microoranisms.J Biomed Mat Res Pt B. Appl Biomaterials 50-56) reported a removal rate of 25-50%.

In general, the HEPA filter used to filter out bacteria is a filter that has a fiber form and has a function of filtering dust in the air by the principle of static electricity. HEPA filter (US Pat. No. 6428610) is a filter that has the form of fiber and has the function of filtering dust in the air by electrostatic principle. The hole size of HEPA filter is 300nm, which is larger than the size of general virus, but it is a kind of electrostatic principle. Can also remove viruses with particle diameters smaller than 300 nm (Dee SA et al. 2006. Can J Vet Res 70 (3): 168-175; Demers RR 2001. Chest 120 (4): 1377- 1389).

In other results, however, most of the infectivity was eliminated using the HEPA filter, but still remained lethal (Ullah K et al. 2008. Int J Infect Dis 12 (2): 203-214), a paper published by Phillpotts RJ (Phillpotts). RJ et al., 1997. Epidemiol Infect 118 (1): 71-75) also infected mice with SLE virus through the HEPA filter. In general, single particle viruses have a diameter smaller than 300 nm, so they can pass through the HEPA filter sufficiently, so that the HEPA filter is not perfect for virus removal and does not apply to the production of drinking water. Therefore, in order to maintain safe public health by producing safe drinking water in intake stations located in rivers or reservoirs where viruses exist, it was necessary to develop filters utilizing materials with excellent virus removal ability.

Viruses that cause waterborne viral diseases have a very small size of less than 40 nm and are very difficult to remove. Currently, the chemical virus removal method by chlorine administration is used, but to increase the virus removal efficiency up to 99%, the current concentration should be increased 5000 times. In this case, the possibility of disease such as cancer caused by chlorine derivatives is rapidly increasing. Until now, no method or device has been developed to effectively remove viruses present in water. Therefore, there is a need for the development of a new device or method that can efficiently remove viruses present in the water without significantly inhibiting the flow of water.

Therefore, the inventors of the present invention continuously passed a silver-activated carbon cartridge eluting nickel foam (Ni-foam) and silver particles to a certain concentration in order to remove the virus in the water, and the virus in the solution passed through The virus was reduced by 80 to 97.5% as compared to the virus in the solution before passage, thereby completing the present invention as a method and apparatus for virus removal in water.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus capable of removing viruses that may be present in water.

The present invention is characterized by including a nickel filter portion and a cartridge portion.

The virus removal device present in the water according to the present invention can remove 80-98% of the virus in the water without significantly inhibiting the flow of water, thereby reducing the incidence of waterborne virus diseases and producing safe drinking water. It is expected to be of great help.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

The waterborne virus removal apparatus 100 according to the present invention includes a nickel filter unit 120 and a cartridge unit 130 as shown in FIG. 2 and 3, the nickel filter unit 120 is formed by stacking one or more layers of porous mesh (Ni-foam) made of nickel (Ni). 2 and 3 may be manufactured in the form of coating nickel (Ni) on the surface. In addition, it is also possible to form a plate-shaped mesh having a two-dimensional structure, such as a net, or to include a nickel particle in a case in which micropores are formed such that the water passes through the cartridge unit 130.

The cartridge unit 130 may be formed of a case (not shown) in which micropores are formed to allow water to pass through, and a plurality of silver (Ag) particles or activated carbon particles having a size that does not pass through the micropores. have. In the case, a plurality of silver particles and activated carbon particles may be provided in the case. In addition, the silver particles and the activated carbon particles may be provided in a state of being separated from each other by installing a partition (not shown) in the case or may be provided in a mixed state. The present invention is not limited to the silver particles, but may have a structure having a mesh form including silver in the case, such as the nickel filter unit 120.

As shown in FIG. 1, a nickel filter unit 120 and a cartridge unit 130 are provided through a pipe 140, and a pump 110 is installed at one side to supply raw water containing waterborne virus, and a nickel filter. By measuring the virus contained in the water at the position (B) passed through the unit 120 and the position (C) passed through the cartridge unit 130, the excellent virus removal ability of the virus removal device 100 according to the present invention Confirmed. Therefore, the virus removal device 100 according to the present invention is expected to be a great help in safe drinking water supply.

In FIG. 1, the solution passes through the nickel filter unit 120 and then passes through the cartridge unit 130. However, the solution is not limited thereto, and the nickel filter unit 120 and the cartridge unit 130 may be installed. In order, the solution may be disposed to pass through the cartridge unit 130 and then pass through the nickel filter unit 120. In addition, it is also possible to provide one or more nickel filter unit 120 and one or more cartridge unit 130 in an alternately repeated arrangement.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with respect to the experiment performed on the virus removal apparatus 100, the present invention is not limited thereto.

Reference Example  1: Configuration of Virus Removal Device 100

The virus removal apparatus 100 of the present invention includes a nickel filter unit 120 and a cartridge unit 130 as shown in FIG. 1, and a pipe 110 through which water passes and a pump 110 for flowing water. It may further include. Water added with any virus solution is passed through the nickel filter unit 120, the nickel foam (Ni-foam) forming the nickel filter unit 120 is Jarrah et al. (NA Jarrah, F Li, JG van Ommen, L Lefferts Immobilization of a layer of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) on Ni foam: A new structures catalyst support, as shown in J Mater Chem 25: 1946-1953) and in FIGS. 2 and 3 produced by the inventors. It was confirmed that the porous shape as shown. Water passing through the nickel filter unit 120 passes through the cartridge unit 130 including the silver connected to the pipe 140 in succession. Therefore, silver is included in the water passing through the cartridge unit 130. As shown in FIG. 4, the content of silver contained in the water increased rapidly up to the first 5 hours, but thereafter, the water content fell below 5 ppb, which is far below the reference value (50 ppb).

Reference Example 2: Virus Used to Evaluate Efficacy of Virus Removal

The virus used in the virus elimination evaluation was enterovirus EV71 virus and rhinovirus (type 3), the main cause of colds. Enterovirus EV71 and rhinovirus were purchased from ATCC. After the measurement, it was stored at -70 ° C and used.

1) Rhinovirus removal ability test of virus removal device

A rhinovirus (type 3) solution was prepared with a solution representing 40 TCID50, 8 TCID 50, and 1.6 TCID50, respectively, and 1 L of each virus solution was made of a porous nickel foam as shown in Figs. A removal device having a portion (hereinafter referred to as a 'first device'), a removal device including a cartridge portion including the nickel filter portion and activated carbon (hereinafter referred to as a 'second device'), the nickel filter portion and silver and Patents invented by passing through a removal device (hereinafter referred to as a 'third device') with a cartridge portion containing activated carbon at a pressure of 20 ml / min or more, and recommending the virus removal ability in the passed solution. Detection method, according to the method given in Korea Patent No. 10-0682069). The measurement result was as shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 5, when 40 TCID50 solutions were passed through the first device, the second device, and the third device, respectively, the virus removal rate was 22.1% in the first device, while 48.2% in the second device. In the third device, the virus removal rate was 91.2%. 8 When the TCID50 solution was passed through the first device, the second device, and the third device, respectively, the virus removal rate of 87.2% in the first device, 95.3% in the second device, and 98.3% in the third device. Indicated. 1.6 When TCID50 solution was passed through the first device, the second device and the third device, respectively, the virus removal rate of 98.0% in the first device, 98.5% in the second device and 98.6% in the third device Indicated.

As a result, it was confirmed that the nickel filter part made of nickel foam also showed virus removal ability. When the cartridge including activated carbon was connected to the nickel filter part, the virus activity removal rate was increased, and the cartridge containing silver and activated carbon was added to the nickel filter part. By connecting, the virus activity removal rate was further increased.

2) Enterovirus removal ability test of virus removal device

A virus removal device comprising a nickel filter unit made of porous nickel foam as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, for example, in which an enterovirus EV71 virus solution is adjusted to have a virus activity of 200 pfu / ml or more (hereinafter, ' And a virus removal device (hereinafter referred to as a 'second device') composed of the nickel filter portion and the cartridge portion including silver and activated carbon, respectively, at a pressure of 20 ml / min or more. The virus of the solution which passed the first device and the second device and the solution that did not pass was compared.

As shown in FIG. 6, the EV71 virus activity present in the solution that did not pass through the first device and the second device was 22.5 ± 0.96 pfu / 0.1 ml, but the EV71 virus activity of the solution that passed through the first device. Was 4 ± 2.16pfu / 0.1ml, showing 80% virus activity removal rate, and the EV71 virus activity of the solution passed through the second device was 0.5 ± 0.58pfu / 0.1ml, which removed 97.5% of virus activity. Appeared to be.

3) Rota virus removal ability test of virus removal device

A virus in which a virus solution of rotavirus (strainL OSU) is adjusted so that the virus activity on a host cell is 50% is provided with a nickel filter part made of porous nickel foam as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, for example. Pressure of 20 ml / min or more in the removal device (hereinafter referred to as 'first device') and the virus removal device (hereinafter referred to as 'second device') consisting of the nickel filter part and the cartridge part including silver and activated carbon After passing through, the viral activity of the solution that passed through the first device and the second device and the solution that did not pass was compared. As shown in FIG. 7, the rotavirus removal activity present in the solution that did not pass through the first device and the second device was 56.35 ± 10.36%, but the rotavirus removal activity of the solution that passed through the first device was It was 96.33 ± 7.25%, and the rotavirus removal activity of the solution passed through the second device was 98.95 ± 5.49%.

1 is a schematic diagram of a virus removal apparatus according to the present invention.

2 and 3 are SEM photographs showing an example of the nickel foam forming the nickel filter unit included in the virus removal apparatus of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a graph showing the change in concentration of silver with time contained in the solution passed through the cartridge unit included in the virus removal apparatus of the present invention.

5 is a graph showing rhinovirus removal ability test results for rhinovirus solution.

6 is a graph showing the results of enterovirus removal ability test for enterovirus solution.

7 is a graph showing the results of rotavirus removal ability test for rotavirus solution.

Claims (9)

In the virus removal apparatus for removing the virus contained in the solution, the porous filter made of nickel is provided with a nickel filter portion 120 is formed by one or more layers, the solution is passed through the nickel filter portion 120 and contained in the solution Virus is removed, the virus contained in the solution virus removal device, characterized in that it comprises any one or more of rhinovirus, enterovirus or rotavirus. The virus removal apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a cartridge unit (130) including silver, wherein the solution passing through the nickel filter unit (120) passes through the cartridge unit (130). The virus of claim 1, further comprising a cartridge unit 130 including silver, wherein the solution passes through the cartridge unit 130 including silver and passes through the nickel filter unit 120. Removal device. The pipe 140 according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the pipe 140 is connected to the nickel filter unit 120 and the cartridge unit 130 and becomes a passage through which a solution flows, and the pipe 140 is connected to the pipe 140. Virus removal apparatus further comprises a pressure pump (110) for passing the solution through the nickel filter unit 120 and the cartridge unit 130 through. In the method of removing the virus contained in the solution, the virus is present in the solution consists of a step of passing through the nickel filter portion 120 is made of one or more layers of porous mesh made of nickel, the virus contained in the solution Virus removal method comprising any one or more of rhinovirus, enterovirus or rotavirus. The method of claim 5, wherein the solution passing through the nickel filter unit 120 further comprises passing the cartridge unit 130 including silver. 6. The virus removal method according to claim 5, wherein the virus-containing solution is configured to pass through the cartridge unit (130) containing silver and to pass through the nickel filter unit (120). delete delete

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