KR100949526B1 - 분말형 가교 흡수성 중합체, 이것의 제조 방법 및 용도 - Google Patents
분말형 가교 흡수성 중합체, 이것의 제조 방법 및 용도 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/24—Crosslinking, e.g. vulcanising, of macromolecules
- C08J3/245—Differential crosslinking of one polymer with one crosslinking type, e.g. surface crosslinking
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
- A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
- A61L15/42—Use of materials characterised by their function or physical properties
- A61L15/48—Surfactants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
- A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
- A61L15/42—Use of materials characterised by their function or physical properties
- A61L15/60—Liquid-swellable gel-forming materials, e.g. super-absorbents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/26—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F222/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule; Salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof
- C08F222/10—Esters
- C08F222/1006—Esters of polyhydric alcohols or polyhydric phenols
- C08F222/102—Esters of polyhydric alcohols or polyhydric phenols of dialcohols, e.g. ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate or 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of acids; Metal or ammonium salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2300/00—Characterised by the use of unspecified polymers
- C08J2300/14—Water soluble or water swellable polymers, e.g. aqueous gels
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2312/00—Crosslinking
Abstract
Description
생성물 | TB(g/g) | AAP0.7 (g/g) | SFC (10-7 cm3·s/g) | TB+SFC |
분말 A | 33.5 | 8.5 | 0 | 33.5 |
실시예 1 | 29.0 | 23.5 | 70 | 99 |
비교예 1 | 29.0 | 24.5 | 15 | 43 |
비교예 2 | 32.5 | 11 | 0 | 32.5 |
생성물 | TB (g/g) | 가교제 중량%/AA* | AAP0.7 (g/g) | SFC (10-7 cm3·s/g) | TB+SFC |
분말 B | 30 | 1.1 | 12 | 0 | 30 |
실시예 2 | 26.5 | 22.5 | 110 | 136.5 | |
분말 C | 32.5 | 0.8 | 10 | 0 | 32.5 |
실시예 3 | 29 | 23.5 | 65 | 94 | |
분말 D | 35 | 0.6 | 11.5 | 0 | 35 |
실시예 4 | 30 | 23 | 55 | 78 | |
분말 E | 29 | 1.15 | 12 | 0 | 29 |
실시예 5 | 25.5 | 24 | 150 | 179 | |
분말 F | 38 | 0.45 | 9 | 0 | 38 |
실시예 6 | 31 | 24.5 | 45 | 76 |
생성물 | 중량% AA | TB (g/g) | AAP0.7 (g/g) | SFC (10-7 cm3·s/g) | TB+SFC |
분말 E | 30 | 36.5 | |||
실시예 7 | 30 | 23.5 | 40 | 70 | |
비교예 3 | 30 | 24 | 22 | 52 | |
분말 F | 28 | 36 | |||
실시예 8 | 29.5 | 24.5 | 52 | 81.5 | |
비교예 4 | 30 | 25.5 | 25 | 55 | |
분말 G | 26 | 35.5 | |||
실시예 9 | 29 | 25 | 62 | 91 | |
비교예 5 | 30 | 25 | 15 | 45 | |
분말 H | 24 | 36 | |||
실시예 10 | 29.5 | 24 | 60 | 89.5 | |
비교예 6 | 30 | 24.5 | 25 | 55 | |
분말 I | 22 | 35 | |||
실시예 11 | 29.5 | 25.5 | 88 | 117.5 | |
비교예 7 | 30 | 25.5 | 24 | 54 |
생성물 | TB(g/g) | AAP0.7 (g/g) | SFC (10-7 cm3·s/g) | TB+SFC |
비교예 8 | 31.5 | 8 | 0 | 31.5 |
비교예 9 | 32 | 8 | 0 | 32 |
비교예 10 | 31 | 9 | 0 | 31 |
비교예 11 | 30.5 | 22 | 4 | 34.5 |
비교예 12 | 31 | 22 | 5 | 36 |
비교예 13 | 31 | 22 | 5 | 36 |
실시예 9 | 29 | 25 | 62 | 91 |
TB (g/g) | AAP0.7 (g/g) | SFC (10-7 cm3·s/g) | TB+SFC | |
분말 M | 31.5 | 25.5 | 5 | 36.5 |
비교예 14 | 27 | 21.5 | 15 | 42 |
생성물 | TB (g/g) | AAP0.7 (g/g) | SFC (10-7 cm3·s/g) | TB+SFC |
분말 N | 28 | |||
실시예 12 | 24 | 22.5 | 115 | 139 |
비교예 15 | 24 | 23 | 38 | 62 |
분말 O | 36 | |||
실시예 13 | 30 | 23 | 51 | 81 |
비교예 16 | 30 | 24.5 | 20 | 50 |
생성물 | TB (g/g) | AAP0.7 (g/g) | SFC (10-7 cm3·s/g) | TB+SFC |
분말 P | 35 | |||
실시예 14 | 28.5 | 24 | 100 | 128.5 |
비교예 17 | 28 | 25 | 25 | 53 |
생성물 | TB (g/g) | AAP0.7 (g/g) | SFC (10-7 cm3·s/g) | TB+SFC |
분말 C | 32.5 | 10 | 0 | 32.5 |
실시예 15 | 28.0 | 24.0 | 112 | 140 |
실시예 16 | 23.5 | 21.5 | 188 | 211.5 |
실시예 17 | 30 | 23.5 | 55 | 85 |
생성물 | TB (g/g) | AAP0.7 (g/g) | SFC (10-7 cm3·s/g) | TB+SFC |
분말 C | 32.5 | 10 | 0 | 32.5 |
실시예 18 | 29.5 | 23.0 | 62 | 91.5 |
TB (g/g) | AAP0.7 (g/g) | SFC (10-7 cm3·s/g) | TB+SFC | |
분말 C | 32.5 | 10 | 0 | 32.5 |
실시예 19 | 29 | 22.5 | 46 | 75 |
TB (g/g) | AAP0.7 (g/g) | SFC (10-7 cm3·s/g) | TB+SFC | |
분말 T | 31.5 | 10 | 0 | 31.5 |
실시예 20 | 28.5 | 23.5 | 40 | 68.5 |
실시예 21 | 29.0 | 24 | 42 | 71 |
생성물 | Al2(SO4)3 ** (g) | EC* (g) | H2O (g) | TB (g/g) | AAP0.7 (g/g) | SFC (10-7cm3·s/g) | TB+SFC | T/t (℃/분) |
분말 A | 33.5 | 9 | 0 | 33.5 | ||||
실시예 22 | 0.4 | 1 | 2.25 | 29 | 23 | 62 | 91 | 175/60 |
실시예 23 | 0.45 | 0.75 | 2.5 | 29 | 22.5 | 65 | 94 | 180/40 |
실시예 24 | 0.75 | 0.75 | 2.5 | 29.5 | 22 | 121 | 150.5 | 183/30 |
분말 C | 32.5 | 10 | 0 | 32.5 | ||||
실시예 25 | 0.3 | 1 | 2.5 | 31 | 23.5 | 72 | 103 | 180/30 |
실시예 26 | 0.5 | 1 | 1.0 | 30 | 23 | 94 | 124 | 170/60 |
실시예 27 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 2.2 | 27 | 21 | 150 | 177 | 180/30 |
생성물 | Al2(SO4)3 ** (g) | EC* (g) | H2O (g) | TB (g/g) | AAP0.7 (g/g) | SFC (10-7cm3·s/g) | TB+SFC | T/t (℃/분) |
분말 U | 31 | 11 | 0 | 30 | ||||
실시예 28 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 3 | 28 | 23.5 | 43 | 71 | 180/30 |
실시예 29 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 3 | 28 | 23 | 33 | 61 | 120/30 |
비교예 18 | 0.5 | 3 | 28.5 | 24 | 12 | 40.5 | 180/30 | |
비교예 19 | 0.5 | 3 | 28 | 24 | 9 | 37 | 120/30 |
Claims (34)
- 표면에서 2차 가교되고,a) 산성 기를 함유하고, 25 몰% 이상 중화된 에틸렌계 불포화 단량체 55∼99.9 중량%,b) 성분 a)와 공중합 가능한 에틸렌계 불포화 단량체 0∼40 중량%,c) 1 종 이상의 가교제 0.1∼5.0 중량%, 및d) 수용성 중합체 0∼30 중량%로 이루어지는 분말형 중합체 생성물로서,상기 성분 a) 내지 d)의 중량의 합은 100 중량%이고,상기 중합체 생성물을e) 중합체 생성물에 대하여, 이 중합체 생성물의 표면 COOH기와 반응하는 1종 이상의 2 기능기 화합물인 수용액 형태의 유기 표면 2차 가교제(단, 폴리올은 제외한다) 0.01∼5 중량%, 및f) 중합체 생성물에 대하여, 수용액 형태의 다가 양이온 0.001∼1.0 중량%로 처리하고, 40 내지 300℃에서 2차 가교시킨 것을 특징으로 하는 분말형 중합체 생성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 성분 e)는 0.1 내지 2.5 중량%로 사용되고, 성분 f)는 0.005 내지 0.5 중량%로 사용되는 것을 특징으로 하는 분말형 중합체 생성물.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 물을 성분 e) 및 f)에 대한 용매로서 단독 사용하는 것을 특징으로 하는 분말형 중합체 생성물.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 성분 e) 및 f)를 수용액에서 함께 사용하는 것을 특징으로 하는 분말형 중합체 생성물.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 표면 가교제 수용액 및 다가 양이온 수용액 내 물의 총량은 중합체 생성물에 대해 0.5 내지 10 중량%이며, 이들 2개 용액은 중합체에 각각 별도로 또는 함께 첨가되는 것을 특징으로 하는 분말형 중합체 생성물.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 알칼리 금속, 알칼리 토금속, 아연, 철, 알루미늄, 티타늄 또는 다른 전이금속의 양이온, 2개의 상이한 양이온의 이중 염 또는 염의 혼합물을 성분 f)로서 사용하는 것을 특징으로 하는 분말형 중합체 생성물.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 고리내에 C2-C10를 갖는 알킬렌 카보네이트를 성분 e)로서 사용하는 것을 특징으로 하는 분말형 중합체 생성물.
- 제6항에 있어서, 1,3-디옥솔란-2-온을 알킬렌 카보네이트로서 사용하고, 알루미늄 염을 염으로서 사용하는 것을 특징으로 하는 분말형 중합체 생성물.
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- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 단량체 유닛 a)의 산성 기 중 50% 이상이 카르복실기인 것을 특징으로 하는 분말형 중합체 생성물.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 단량체 유닛 a)는 아크릴산 또는 메타크릴산으로부터 유도되는 것을 특징으로 하는 분말형 중합체 생성물.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 전분 또는 폴리(비닐알콜) 또는 이들의 유도체를 성분 d)로서 사용하는 것을 특징으로 하는 분말형 중합체 생성물.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 중합체 생성물은 70 ×10-7 cm3·s/g 이상의 투수성(SFC)에서 보유성(TB)이 27 g/g 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 분말형 중합체 생성물.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 중합체 생성물은 70 ×10-7 내지 150 ×10-7 cm3·s/g의 투수성(SFC)에서 보유성이 25 g/g 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 분말형 중합체 생성물.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 중합체 생성물은 압력하에서 액체 흡수성(AAP0.7)이 18 g/g 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 분말형 중합체 생성물.
- a) 산성 기를 포함하고, 25 몰% 이상 중화된 에틸렌계 불포화 단량체 55∼99.9 중량%,b) 성분 a)와 공중합 가능한 에틸렌계 불포화 단량체 0∼40 중량%,c) 1 종 이상의 가교제 화합물 0.1∼5.0 중량%, 및d) 수용성 중합체 0∼30 중량%의 혼합물(여기서, 상기 성분 a) 내지 d)의 합은 100 중량%임)을 자유 라디칼 중합 반응시키고, 이어 분쇄, 건조, 분말화, 스크린화한 후,이 중합체 분말을e) 중합체 생성물에 대하여, 이 중합체 생성물의 표면 COOH기와 반응하는 1종 이상의 2 기능기 화합물인 수용액 형태의 유기 표면 2차 가교제(단, 폴리올은 제외한다) 0.01∼5 중량%, 및f) 중합체 생성물에 대하여, 수용액 형태의 다가 양이온 0.001∼1.0 중량%로 처리하되,함께 또는 개별적으로 존재하는 성분 e) 및 f)의 수용액을 상기 중합체 분말과 혼합하고 40 내지 300℃에서 상기 중합체 분말의 2차 가교가 달성되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 제1항 또는 제2항에 따른 흡수성 중합체 생성물의 제조 방법.
- 제16항에 있어서, 사용한 중합체 분말의 수분 함량은 0.5 내지 25 중량%인 것을 특징으로 하는 제조 방법.
- 제16항에 있어서, 사용한 중합체 분말의 입경은 3000 ㎛ 미만인 것을 특징으로 하는 제조 방법.
- 제16항에 있어서, 성분 e) 및 f)의 수용액을 사용 전에 20∼100℃로 가열하는 것을 특징으로 하는 제조 방법.
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- 제1항의 중합체를 포함하는 위생 제품.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19909653A DE19909653A1 (de) | 1999-03-05 | 1999-03-05 | Pulverförmige, vernetzte, wässrige Flüssigkeiten sowie Blut absorbierende Polymere, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung |
DE19909653.8 | 1999-03-05 |
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KR1020067012964A Division KR20060087615A (ko) | 1999-03-05 | 2000-02-26 | 분말형 가교 흡수성 중합체, 이것의 제조 방법 및 용도 |
KR1020077023643A Division KR20070108281A (ko) | 1999-03-05 | 2000-02-26 | 분말형 가교 흡수성 중합체, 이것의 제조 방법 및 용도 |
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KR20020002398A KR20020002398A (ko) | 2002-01-09 |
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KR1020077023643A KR20070108281A (ko) | 1999-03-05 | 2000-02-26 | 분말형 가교 흡수성 중합체, 이것의 제조 방법 및 용도 |
KR1020067012964A KR20060087615A (ko) | 1999-03-05 | 2000-02-26 | 분말형 가교 흡수성 중합체, 이것의 제조 방법 및 용도 |
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KR1020067012964A KR20060087615A (ko) | 1999-03-05 | 2000-02-26 | 분말형 가교 흡수성 중합체, 이것의 제조 방법 및 용도 |
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EP (1) | EP1169372B2 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP5342726B2 (ko) |
KR (3) | KR100949526B1 (ko) |
CN (2) | CN1200961C (ko) |
AT (1) | ATE239049T1 (ko) |
AU (1) | AU760748B2 (ko) |
BR (1) | BR0008737B1 (ko) |
CA (1) | CA2362451C (ko) |
CZ (1) | CZ20013129A3 (ko) |
DE (2) | DE19909653A1 (ko) |
PL (1) | PL350513A1 (ko) |
RU (1) | RU2243238C2 (ko) |
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1999
- 1999-03-05 DE DE19909653A patent/DE19909653A1/de not_active Withdrawn
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2000
- 2000-02-26 EP EP00916874.1A patent/EP1169372B2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-02-26 AU AU38070/00A patent/AU760748B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2000-02-26 CN CNB008046123A patent/CN1200961C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-02-26 CZ CZ20013129A patent/CZ20013129A3/cs unknown
- 2000-02-26 PL PL00350513A patent/PL350513A1/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-02-26 CA CA002362451A patent/CA2362451C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-02-26 RU RU2001126352/04A patent/RU2243238C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-02-26 KR KR1020017011202A patent/KR100949526B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2000-02-26 BR BRPI0008737-8A patent/BR0008737B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-02-26 WO PCT/EP2000/001609 patent/WO2000053664A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-02-26 JP JP2000603298A patent/JP5342726B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-02-26 CN CN2005100547033A patent/CN1683442B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-02-26 AT AT00916874T patent/ATE239049T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-02-26 DE DE50001975T patent/DE50001975D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-02-26 KR KR1020077023643A patent/KR20070108281A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-02-26 US US09/914,466 patent/US6620889B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-02-26 KR KR1020067012964A patent/KR20060087615A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-03-03 TW TW093101514A patent/TWI290155B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-03-03 TW TW089103766A patent/TWI251004B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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2003
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EP0233067A2 (en) * | 1986-02-05 | 1987-08-19 | Sekisui Kaseihin Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Water-absorbent resin and process for producing the same |
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EP0668080A2 (en) * | 1994-02-17 | 1995-08-23 | Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd. | Water-absorbent agent, method for production thereof, and water-absorbent composition |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU2243238C2 (ru) | 2004-12-27 |
EP1169372A1 (de) | 2002-01-09 |
US20070129495A1 (en) | 2007-06-07 |
TWI290155B (en) | 2007-11-21 |
BR0008737B1 (pt) | 2012-06-12 |
DE50001975D1 (de) | 2003-06-05 |
WO2000053664A1 (de) | 2000-09-14 |
ATE239049T1 (de) | 2003-05-15 |
CN1683442A (zh) | 2005-10-19 |
TWI251004B (en) | 2006-03-11 |
TW200411006A (en) | 2004-07-01 |
KR20020002398A (ko) | 2002-01-09 |
CA2362451C (en) | 2009-09-01 |
PL350513A1 (en) | 2002-12-16 |
US6620889B1 (en) | 2003-09-16 |
CN1342180A (zh) | 2002-03-27 |
KR20070108281A (ko) | 2007-11-08 |
US20030207997A1 (en) | 2003-11-06 |
DE19909653A1 (de) | 2000-09-07 |
EP1169372B2 (de) | 2018-10-31 |
CN1200961C (zh) | 2005-05-11 |
US8445596B2 (en) | 2013-05-21 |
CZ20013129A3 (cs) | 2002-01-16 |
KR20060087615A (ko) | 2006-08-02 |
JP2002538275A (ja) | 2002-11-12 |
JP5342726B2 (ja) | 2013-11-13 |
CA2362451A1 (en) | 2000-09-14 |
US7179862B2 (en) | 2007-02-20 |
CN1683442B (zh) | 2010-09-08 |
EP1169372B1 (de) | 2003-05-02 |
BR0008737A (pt) | 2002-01-02 |
AU3807000A (en) | 2000-09-28 |
AU760748B2 (en) | 2003-05-22 |
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