KR100885867B1 - Control apparatus for lighting leds providing with equal load control circuit - Google Patents

Abstract

A control apparatus is provided to improve the efficiency and stability of light by minimizing the variation of a voltage and a current regardless of the number of the LED. A current controller(9) controls a current through an internal resistance corresponding to the LED load. When input power is rectified as a ripple current through a rectifier(D1), the ripple correction unit(10) restricts the output level of the output voltage into below reference voltage level. An optimal load power generating unit(11) divides the outputted ripple by the voltage of a gate terminal. A first constant voltage control unit(12) and a second constant voltage control unit (U1) control output and ripple into constant voltage.

Description

Controlled LED lighting devices including equal load control circuits {Control Apparatus for Lighting LEDs providing with equal load control circuit}

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a plurality of lighting LED devices, and more particularly to a plurality of lighting LED control devices including a constant voltage, a constant current control circuit and an equal load control circuit for driving loads of a plurality of lighting LEDs.

Currently, in order to use LED as a lighting device in addition to conventional lighting devices such as incandescent lamps and fluorescent lamps, lighting LED modules are used in many areas, for example, in homes other than related products such as traffic lights, street lighting landscape lights, and vehicle lights. Although it is used in flashlights, stand lamps, and indirect lighting lamps for some specific purposes, the products are still expensive and cannot be commercialized to deal with fluorescent lamps because they do not solve thermal problems occurring in LED devices. However, many researches are being conducted because if the low cost and thermal problem of the product can be solved, it will be enough to replace the fluorescent lighting, which is a general lighting medium.

 There are two major problems in the generalization of the conventional LED lighting device. Currently, high-brightness LEDs are arranged in a series / parallel combination to be modularized, and the modules are configured in series / parallel to make a packetized lighting LED device that has high light efficiency. However, the price of such a lighting LED device is inevitably expensive to configure in order to produce the same light efficiency as a conventional fluorescent lamp, there is a problem that the efficiency is lowered due to instability of the driving power and the life of the LED is not semi-permanent.

  In addition, in the LED lighting, a constant voltage / current must be provided to the load to ensure load thermal problems and stability lifespan. Thus, the present invention is trying to solve only the surrounding problems rather than solving the fundamental problems. That is, a method of inserting a resistance flow for controlling the current flowing to the LED load to solve the thermal problem as shown in FIG. 4 and a method of applying a temperature compensation adjustment circuit by detecting the heat of the LED load as shown in FIG. Complementary methods such as a method of dissipating heat by using a sink, and complementary methods, and the lack of a constant power supply, failing to maximize the efficiency of LEDs through the improvement of peripheral devices, that is, through the application of light guide plates. The situation is to improve the efficiency.

1 is a circuit diagram of a general lighting LED module, which operates from a power source that is switched on or off at a high frequency from a SMPS (switching mode power supply), which is generally supplied with DC power or AC signal. To receive power, various input voltages / currents and driving voltages / currents are supplied.

On the other hand, the instability of the drive power in the LED module for lighting is mainly caused by SMPS. In other words, SMPS level the AC power through the rectifier diode and then generate the required power through the oscillating transformer (for example, DC5V 300mA or DC12V 500mA) to create the output power. If the load overloads the rated value, a sudden change in the power source will occur and eventually the SMPS will break.

In addition, in the LED module that is the load, when the current intensity drops below a certain percentage of the nominal current intensity at the driving voltage of one input power source, the relation between the current intensity and the LED light output for illumination, which is the driving load, becomes more non-linear. The light efficiency of the LED module is not optimized at all. In other words, the lighting LED device is accompanied by a high temperature due to a rapid current change, the device is destroyed, or a sudden change in the light output appears as a failure of the device. This problem develops to the failure of the LED load due to the uneven load power, and the life of the LED components is also drastically reduced.

Another problem is that the object of the lighting LED module consists of a high-brightness light emitting diode. In general, a semiconductor light emitting device is known to change its luminescence intensity over time or temperature change if it does not receive optimal driving power. For example, it is known that the luminous output decreases with the deterioration of the semiconductor light emitting device as time passes, and even if the driving power is supplied to produce a constant light output, either the driving current or the driving voltage is reduced. If one abnormality occurs, the temperature rises with deterioration of the semiconductor light emitting element, and it does not emit light in the near future, and the life is shortened.In addition, if the temperature increases, the threshold current increases in the lighting LED lamp, and at the same time, it obtains the same emission output. There arises a problem that a driving current or a driving voltage is required.

 Similarly, for a light emitting LED light emitting diode, when the temperature is increased, the light emitting output is lowered even though it is in a constant driving current. On the contrary, when the temperature is low, a larger light emitting output can be obtained even at the same current value. When the change or change in the light emission output accompanied by the instantaneous power change or temperature change according to the elapsed time of the semiconductor light emitting device occurs, the light intensity or color unevenness may occur in the case of a display or a light emitting diode.

Such a conventional lighting LED module device has a compensating circuit (2) in the driving constant power source because the voltage fluctuates depending on the connection method due to the characteristics of the LED on the load side, and a high capacity compensation filter (capacity bank (3) in front of the load block. However, since the LED is an individual device and the characteristics of each LED device are different, the fundamental problem is not solved. This cannot be solved by including a problem such as an error in device characteristics generated in the production of LED devices.

Ignoring the above problems, the method of using a compensation capacitor while providing constant voltage at the driving constant power source according to the number of LED loads is a fundamental problem for individual LED devices when driving for a long time, due to the failure to meet the optimum light efficiency. Thermal issues raise fatigue in the device, which leads to a sudden loss of light efficiency.

In order to compensate for such a problem in the variation of the light output, there is a circuit that monitors and improves the temperature of the lighting LED module as described in FIG. 2, but it is composed of a complex circuit consisting of at least a FET, a bipolar transistor, etc. It is an expensive product.

In addition, as described in FIG. 3 to solve the above-described problems in the actual commercial products, the heat is applied to the LED device due to the variation of the current rather than the voltage in the power supplied to the LED for the treatment of the thermal problem of the LED device. Since it is generated a lot, it is judged that the current is supplied more than the rated current, and there is a case that a resistor is inserted in series in the circuit to reduce the intensity (current), which also does not solve the fundamental problem. Since the surplus current in the entire load circuit is shown as heat, the connected series resistance should be a multi-watt resistance class (carbon, cement) that can withstand the heat of power consumption, and the resistance is also broken quickly by thermal fatigue. When broken, it will appear as a failure of the product.

As another solution, as shown in FIG. 4, a resistor or a capacitor may be used as a bias element for a filter or a power supply to a load connection point connected in series / parallel on the circuit of the drive current correction block. Although it may be a complementary circuit for the circuit, it does not satisfy the characteristics of the LED device, that is, it does not satisfy the current static characteristics of the device, there is a problem that can not prevent the thermal runaway phenomenon.

Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention stably copes with the change of load and supplies constant constant voltage / constant current even for temperature change or unstable change of voltage / current to provide the light of the LED device for lighting. Minimization of the power supply device configured with LED for lighting and stable constant current source and constant voltage by constructing a control circuit that allows constant current / voltage to be supplied to the constant power source according to the load variation without using SMPS while optimizing the output. It is possible to supply, and to make a low-cost product.

 The apparatus for driving a plurality of lighting LEDs including an equal load circuit according to the present invention improves the power generation unit and the driving power unit generated for the existing load power source to maintain a more stable constant voltage against the change of the input voltage and always load Constant power / constant current is generated and controlled to supply constant power to the load.

By connecting a resistor of a certain value in series with the existing series of individual lighting LEDs in front, and using an equal load control circuit in which an appropriate value capacitor is connected in parallel with the LEDs for individual lighting, heat dissipation problem is solved by solving an abnormal power generation problem. The cost can be minimized without the need for a structure, and it minimizes the voltage / current fluctuation regardless of the quantity of each LED device connected in series during the configuration operation of the lighting LED device, thereby eliminating the fluctuation of the light efficiency. Improved stability can improve maintenance and repair costs.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a driving device of a plurality of LEDs for lighting according to the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a specific circuit diagram thereof.

 Referring to FIG. 5, the current control unit 9 configured to be easily supplied to the load by receiving input power having a large fluctuation from the outside can be easily coped with by changing the device value according to the load variation according to the increase or decrease of the number of LEDs for illumination. It controls the value of the current through the internal resistance value for the load capacity. Especially in the concept of fixed load, it can be easily responded to by increasing or decreasing the load amount by changing the element value in the primary current control unit. Power output from the current control unit is input to the ripple improving unit 10 and the rectifier (D1).

  The ripple improvement unit 10 prevents the output voltage from being rectified to a level higher than the reference input voltage when the input power is DC-powered (pulsed) through the rectifying element. It is configured in parallel with the power source to achieve power stabilization according to load fluctuations. At this time, the output power becomes a pulsed DC power source, which is divided into the voltage of the gate terminal of the control circuit required for the load while passing through the proper load power generation unit 11, and has a constant value (DC 9V) through the primary constant voltage controller 12. Within the block, which is stabilized by the value of the D2 element), and a more stable constant voltage is generated through the constant voltage IC U1, which is a secondary constant voltage fixed control unit, and the primary constant voltage control unit and the secondary constant voltage fixed control unit As the constant voltage IC used, a general circuit element may be used.

 The generated constant voltage is generated a constant current of the required load power through the output control unit 13 to be described later, in particular in the present invention by varying the optimum constant current in accordance with the change of the variable resistance value in the variable control by the regulator of VR1 supplied to the LED lighting load In addition, instead of the regulator, which is a passive element of the variable resistor VR1, the control method by the general microcomputer signal is replaced by the current controlled through the microcomputer, not by the manual method of the variable resistor. Can also be actively controlled.

The signal controlled by the constant current through the output control unit can remove the ripple component that can be induced to the DC voltage through the output ripple improving unit 14, so that the abnormal power of the load is not generated, the LED unit as a load as a constant power source Supplied to. By utilizing the control output signal, it is possible to adjust the light output of the lighting LED according to the dimming control.

As shown in FIG. 7, an equal load control circuit configured by connecting a resistor having a predetermined value in series with an existing series of individual lighting LEDs and connecting a capacitor of an appropriate value in parallel with the individual lighting LEDs as shown in FIG. 7. 7), which can be configured as a modular device together with LEDs for illumination.

In other words, the current flows in the anode of each LED with (-) polarity and (+) polarity in the cathode (the voltage flow and the current flow are reversed), and a capacitor is inserted in parallel at the two polarity points of the individual LED elements. If the +/- poles coexist at one point of LED connected in series, the current can be kept constant across the capacitor. Since the inserted capacitors have different polarities connected in series at one point, they function to stabilize the current flow by fixing the fine hole flow oscillator at the LED's PN junction. Thus, the capacitor inserted in parallel to each LED stabilizes the driving voltage between the anodes, the capacitor discharges and discharges the flow of electron emission, and cancels and bypasses excessive electron emission exceeding the LED's rated value, thereby surplusing energy of the LED driving voltage. It is possible to prevent the change of light efficiency by minimizing the current fluctuation for each LED element together with the resistance of each LED front end. In addition, due to the resistance connected to the front end of the LED, it is possible to compensate for heat generation problems, device characteristics change, and device failure problems in response to the instantaneous power change when driving the LED.

Due to the equal load control circuit configuration, maintaining a proper driving voltage in the series configuration of a lighting LED configured according to an input supply voltage, and a constant supply of driving current is a very important problem in lighting requiring uniform illumination. Solved. That is, due to the problem of LED driving power, it is common to use only 3 ~ 4 LEDs in series when driving LEDs in series connection. The biggest problem in LED lighting that must be operated with constant current because each LED operating current is constant is the heat generation of the device due to the current imbalance according to the individual characteristics of the LED device, the device failure occurs, and furthermore the destruction of the device It also solved the heating problem of the LED for lighting.

에서 부하부에 공급되는 전류를 증가시킬 경우 차단주파수가 낮아지는 쪽으로 상수를 결정하고(예를 들어 캐패시턴스 값 C을 높이고 저항값 R을 높인다), 공급되는 전류를 낮출경우 차단주파수가 높아지는 쪽으로 설정함으로써 전류를 조절하는 것이다. 본 발명에서는 R 값은 고정시키고 전류조절부의 콘덴서 C의 값을 조절함으로써 차단주파수의 값을 결정하도록 하였다. 또한, AC 전원상의 DC 성분을 제거시켜, 전류의 변화를 더욱 안정화 시킬 수 있다. 6 is a detailed view of each component of the apparatus according to the present invention, in which AC power supplied from the outside is inputted through an input port J1 configured to facilitate power connection, and a current regulator configured in parallel with the capacitors C1 / C2 / C3. It is connected to one polarity terminal of the AC power supply through one integrated terminal of (9), and is connected to the AC input terminal of the rectifying diode D1 through another series terminal of the current control unit 9, and the input power supply is While passing through the capacitor of the current control unit 9, the value of the current input to the circuit is controlled using the Xc (resistance value) value of the capacitor. In addition, by removing the DC component on the AC power supply, it is possible to further stabilize the change in the current. That is, it uses the characteristic that the capacitor blocks DC and passes AC, and forms a high-frequency pass filter together with the R element of the ripple improving part. By adjusting the constant of the high-frequency pass filter, the cutoff band of the cutoff frequency is adjusted. In the commercial power supply, the current value is controlled by adjusting the maximum pass current appropriate for the load. In the case of the high-frequency pass filter, the maximum current flows at a frequency above the cutoff frequency, and according to which frequency the cutoff frequency (Fc) is set, the amount of current passing through can be limited and kept constant to adjust the current.
Cutoff Frequency Formula _

In the case of increasing the current supplied to the load, determine the constant to decrease the cutoff frequency (for example, increase the capacitance value C and increase the resistance value R), and set it to increase the cutoff frequency when lowering the supplied current. To regulate the current. In the present invention, the R value is fixed and the value of the cutoff frequency is determined by adjusting the value of the capacitor C of the current control unit. In addition, by removing the DC component on the AC power supply, it is possible to further stabilize the change in the current.

The ripple improvement unit 10 is connected to both ends of the AC power connected through the current control unit 9 and a series of AC power connected to the rectifier diodes D1-3 pins and other AC input powers of the input porter J1. It is composed by connecting resistors R1 and R2 to improve the fluctuation of voltage source due to the load variation. The ripple improvement unit according to the present invention is a constant voltage / current circuit for a change in voltage / current due to a change in load, and thus is a ripple improvement unit having a completely different concept.

A constant voltage and a constant current are generated by using a ripple signal of a DC component (that is, a signal that does not sufficiently remove ripple) generated through a power supply that passes through the current control unit and the ripple improvement unit, and is generally rectified to generate a constant voltage. Improve the power supply ripple by inserting electrolytic capacitors in parallel through the output terminal of the diode, i.e., at the positive terminal (+/-) of the pulsed DC signal. The ripple is completely removed by insertion in parallel, and then generated and used as an electrostatic source. However, in the present invention, a pulse current power supply of a DC signal without a capacitor or the like is used in the front and rear ends of the rectifying element and the constant voltage source element.

The appropriate load power generation unit 11 is configured by connecting R3 and R4 in parallel between the + signals of the pulses of the DC component output from the rectifying element. This is made of a value suitable for the voltage branched to generate the control constant voltage of the output control section for controlling the output load. C3 is used for proper power compensation.

The power branched from the appropriate load power generation unit 11 becomes a reference voltage of the electrostatic source generated by the diode element D2 of the primary constant voltage control unit 12. The anode of D2 is determined as the constant voltage source of the + side signal of the DC signal by connecting the negative signal to the + signal terminal and the zener diode in this embodiment.

 The cathode signal of D2 is input to the base of transistor Q1 with the magnitude of the constant voltage according to the capacity of D2, which is controlled by increasing the current through the Darlington connection of transistors Q1 and Q2. Where R5 is the bias circuit value for the Darlington circuit configuration. In order to stabilize the constant voltage source generated by the primary constant voltage control unit to a more stable constant voltage, a secondary constant voltage control unit is connected to an input port of U1, which is a secondary constant voltage control element, and the output voltage of the secondary constant voltage fixed control unit is It depends on the value of the secondary constant voltage control element. Meanwhile, U1, a secondary constant voltage control element, may use a commercially available constant voltage regulator IC.

 Current control through Q3 is achieved by inputting the power output of the constant voltage / current of the secondary constant voltage fixed control unit as a reference power supply of a semi-fixed variable resistor as in VR1 and changing the resistance value through a regulator, which is actually a load LED module. Dimming control of LED is also possible by controlling the light output of LED by changing constant voltage / current to negative. In addition, instead of the passive device of VR1, it can handle dimming control more easily by remote control and automatic control by coping with PWM signal of microcomputer.

The output control unit 13 is composed of a field effect transistor Q3 connected with the bias resistors of R6 and R7, and R8 and a variable resistor VR1 connected in parallel with the fast switching diode D3, and the current control is performed by the output of the field effect transistor Q3. And dimming control for the LED load part by switching by the fast switching diode D3. The dimming control is performed by the fast switching diode D3 connected to the drain point of the field effect transistor Q3. It is a control technology through looping and switching speed conversion of current flow during operation according to control signal of. In fact, the light output is stably performed without shaking by effectively utilizing the control characteristic of FET as general TR. A detailed description of this is well described in the applicant's Patent No. 0661906, “Light intensity control device using a pulse stream”. Omitted.

By connecting the constant current / voltage generated by the output control unit 13 to the output ripple improving unit 14 consisting of diodes D4 and D5, D4 improves the ripple of the + signal and D5 improves the ripple of the − signal. Therefore, by using Ge diode's own characteristic pack against load, constant overcurrent flow can be prevented.

The optimal load driving constant voltage / current processed by the output ripple improvement unit 14 is the LED load unit 15 for lighting including an equal load control circuit through an output port J2 that facilitates connection to the LE load for lighting. Supplied to.

As described above, the device according to the present invention eliminates the problems caused by the fixed voltage / current circuit of the power supply unit when controlled by the SMPS in the conventional LED driving device for lighting, and also applies to a large change in the input supply voltage (AC 90 to 260 V). Divided into 220V / 110V rating and 110V ~ 220V free voltage.) It is easy to generate the rated voltage source and the constant current source accordingly.

1 is a block diagram of a conventional LED driving device for lighting

2 is a configuration diagram related to another conventional LED driving device for lighting

3 is a circuit diagram for driving current correction of a conventional LED device for lighting

4 is a circuit diagram for driving current correction of another conventional LED device for lighting

5 is a block diagram of an LED driving device for lighting including a constant voltage and constant current control circuit according to the present invention.

Figure 6 is a detailed view of the LED driving device for lighting including a constant voltage, constant current control circuit according to the present invention

7 is a configuration diagram of the LED equal load control circuit according to the present invention

Brief description of symbols for the main parts of the drawings

1: power generation unit and driving constant power source 2: capacity charging circuit

3: Capacity Bank 4,8: LED for lighting

5: power generation unit 6: driving constant power source

7: Uniform load control circuit 231,232,233: LED for lighting

234: temperature measuring element 235: control unit

9: Current control unit 10: Ripple improvement unit

11: Power generation unit with proper redundancy 12: Primary constant voltage control unit

13: Output control unit 14: Output ripple improvement unit

15: LED load part for lighting

Claims (3)

In the lighting LED controller, A current regulator for controlling the value of the current through the internal resistance value for the LED load capacity by receiving the input power; A ripple improvement unit which prevents the output voltage from being rectified to a level higher than the reference input voltage when the input power is DC-powered (pulsating) through the rectifying element; A rectifier for rectifying the input AC power source, An appropriate load power generation unit in which the pulse flow output from the rectifying element is divided by the voltage of the gate terminal of the control circuit necessary for the load; A primary constant voltage control unit and a secondary constant voltage fixed control unit controlling the output value and the pulse current of the appropriate load power generation unit to a constant value of a constant value; An output control unit for generating a constant current of load power required by the generated constant voltage; An output ripple improving unit for removing a ripple component that can be induced in a DC voltage from the constant current controlled signal through the output control unit and outputting the ripple component to a load lighting LED unit; LED lighting device comprising a load lighting LED including an equal load control circuit. delete The method of claim 1, The equal load control circuit is a lighting LED control device, characterized in that consisting of a capacitor placed in parallel for each lighting LED and a resistor located in front of each lighting LED.

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