KR100862445B1 - Oxygen supply sytem in change of load for fuel cell vehicle - Google Patents
Oxygen supply sytem in change of load for fuel cell vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- KR100862445B1 KR100862445B1 KR1020060115445A KR20060115445A KR100862445B1 KR 100862445 B1 KR100862445 B1 KR 100862445B1 KR 1020060115445 A KR1020060115445 A KR 1020060115445A KR 20060115445 A KR20060115445 A KR 20060115445A KR 100862445 B1 KR100862445 B1 KR 100862445B1
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000116 mitigating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/70—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by fuel cells
- B60L50/72—Constructional details of fuel cells specially adapted for electric vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04126—Humidifying
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
- H01M8/0687—Reactant purification by the use of membranes or filters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
- B60Y2400/20—Energy converters
- B60Y2400/202—Fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
- Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
- Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
- Y10S903/944—Characterized by control of fuel cell
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Abstract
본 발명은 연료전지 차량의 부하변동시 산소공급장치에 관한 것으로서, 더욱 상세하게는 연료전지 차량의 급격한 부하변동시 발생하는 산소부족현상을 막기 위하여 별도로 구성된 산소저장탱크로부터 연료전지 내에 산소를 공급함으로써, 산소부족으로 인한 스택의 열화를 방지하여 전지의 수명을 연장시킬 수 있을 뿐만아니라, 고가 및 고중량의 2차전지 또는 캐패시터의 용량을 줄여 원가를 절감할 수 있도록 한 연료전지 차량의 부하변동시 산소공급장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an oxygen supply device during load fluctuation of a fuel cell vehicle, and more particularly, by supplying oxygen into a fuel cell from an oxygen storage tank configured to prevent oxygen deficiency caused by sudden load fluctuation of a fuel cell vehicle. In addition to preventing deterioration of the stack due to lack of oxygen, the life of the battery can be extended, and the oxygen can be changed during the load fluctuation of fuel cell vehicles, which can reduce the cost by reducing the capacity of expensive and heavy secondary batteries or capacitors. It relates to a supply device.
이를 위해, 본 발명은 수소와 산소의 전기화학적 반응을 통해 물과 열을 발생시키면서 전력을 발생시키는 연료전지와; 상기 연료전지의 음극 입구부에는 공기가 공급되어질 수 있도록 설치된 공기공급라인과; 상기 공기공급라인에는 공기를 필터링 및 송풍하기 위해 설치된 공기필터 및 송풍기와; 상기 필터링된 공기를 일정습도록 가습하기 위해 공기공급라인에 설치된 가습기와; 차량의 가속페달의 변위를 감지하는 가속변위센서와; 상기 가속변위센서로부터 감지신호를 입력받아 가속페달의 변위값이 설정값보다 큰 경우에 상기 산소공급수단의 작동을 제어하여 연료전지에 산소를 공급하는 제어부;를 포함하여 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지 차량의 부하변동시 산소공급장치를 제공한다.To this end, the present invention comprises a fuel cell for generating power while generating water and heat through an electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen; An air supply line installed to supply air to a cathode inlet of the fuel cell; The air supply line includes an air filter and a blower installed to filter and blow air; A humidifier installed in an air supply line to humidify the filtered air to a constant humidity; An acceleration displacement sensor for detecting displacement of an acceleration pedal of the vehicle; And a control unit for supplying oxygen to a fuel cell by controlling the operation of the oxygen supply means when the displacement value of the accelerator pedal is greater than the set value by receiving the detection signal from the acceleration displacement sensor. Provides oxygen supply device in case of vehicle load change.
연료전지, 공기공급, 산소탱크, 레귤레이터, 솔레노이드밸브 Fuel Cell, Air Supply, Oxygen Tank, Regulator, Solenoid Valve
Description
도 1은 본 발명에 따른 연료전지 차량의 부하변동시 산소공급장치의 일실시예를 나타내는 구성도이고,1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of an oxygen supply apparatus at the time of load fluctuation of the fuel cell vehicle according to the present invention,
도 2는 본 발명에 따른 연료전지 차량의 부하변동시 산소공급장치의 제어방법을 나타내는 순서도이다.2 is a flowchart illustrating a control method of an oxygen supply device when a load of a fuel cell vehicle changes according to the present invention.
<도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명><Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>
10 : 연료전지 11 : 공기공급라인10
12 : 공기필터 13 : 송풍기12
14 : 가습기 15 : 공기회수라인14: humidifier 15: air recovery line
16 : 산소공급라인 17 : 솔레노이드밸브16: oxygen supply line 17: solenoid valve
18 : 레귤레이터 19 : 산소탱크18
20 : 제어부 21 : 가속페달20: control unit 21: accelerator pedal
본 발명은 연료전지 차량의 부하변동시 산소공급장치에 관한 것으로서, 더욱 상세하게는 연료전지 차량의 급격한 부하변동시 발생하는 산소부족현상을 막기 위하여 별도로 구성된 산소저장탱크로부터 연료전지 내에 산소를 공급함으로써, 산소부족으로 인한 스택의 열화를 방지하여 전지의 수명을 연장시킬 수 있을 뿐만아니라, 고가 및 고중량의 2차전지 또는 캐패시터의 용량을 줄여 원가를 절감할 수 있도록 한 연료전지 차량의 부하변동시 산소공급장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an oxygen supply device during load fluctuation of a fuel cell vehicle, and more particularly, by supplying oxygen into a fuel cell from an oxygen storage tank configured to prevent oxygen deficiency caused by sudden load fluctuation of a fuel cell vehicle. In addition to preventing deterioration of the stack due to lack of oxygen, the life of the battery can be extended, and the oxygen can be changed during the load fluctuation of fuel cell vehicles, which can reduce the cost by reducing the capacity of expensive and heavy secondary batteries or capacitors. It relates to a supply device.
일반적으로 연료전지(Fuel Cell)는 크게 전기 화학적 반응을 일으키는 전극과, 이 반응에 의해 발생된 수소이온을 전달하는 전해질막과, 이러한 전극과 전해질을 지지하는 분리판으로 이루어져 있다.In general, a fuel cell is composed of an electrode that largely causes an electrochemical reaction, an electrolyte membrane that delivers hydrogen ions generated by the reaction, and a separator that supports the electrode and the electrolyte.
고분자 전해질 연료전지는 다른 형태의 연료전지에 비해 효율이 높고, 전류밀도 및 출력밀도가 크며, 시동시간이 짧은 동시에 고체 전해질을 쓰기 때문에 부식 및 전해질 조절이 필요없는 장점을 가지고 있다. The polymer electrolyte fuel cell has advantages of high efficiency, high current density and power density, short start-up time, and solid electrolyte, compared to other types of fuel cells, and thus do not require corrosion and electrolyte control.
또한, 배기가스로 순수하게 물만을 배출하는 친환경적인 동력원이기 때문에 현재 전세계 자동차업계에서 활발한 연구가 진행 중에 있다.In addition, since it is an environmentally friendly power source that purely discharges water as exhaust gas, active research is being conducted in the global automobile industry.
상기 고분자 전해질 연료전지는 수소와 산소의 전기화학적 반응을 통해 물과 열을 발생시키면서 전기를 발생하는 장치로서, 전지내(분리판)로 공급된 수소가 아노드(Anode)전극의 촉매에서 수소 이온과 전자로 분리되고, 이 분리된 수소이온은 상기 전해질막을 통해 캐소드(Cathode)로 넘어가게 되어, 결국 수소이온은 전지내(분리판)로 공급된 산소 및 외부 도선을 타고 들어온 전자와 결합하여 물을 생성하 면서 전기에너지를 발생시킨다.The polymer electrolyte fuel cell is a device that generates electricity while generating water and heat through an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen, wherein hydrogen supplied into the battery (separator) is a hydrogen ion in the catalyst of the anode electrode. And separated into hydrogen and electrons, and the separated hydrogen ions are transferred to the cathode through the electrolyte membrane, so that the hydrogen ions combine with the oxygen supplied to the battery (separation plate) and the electrons introduced through the external conductors. Generates electrical energy while generating.
이때 발생되는 이론 전위는 약 1.3V이며 반응식은 다음과 같다.The theoretical potential generated at this time is about 1.3V and the reaction formula is as follows.
Anode : H2 → 2H+ + 2e- Anode: H 2 → 2H + + 2e -
Cathode : 1/2 O2 + 2H+ + 2e- → H2O Cathode: 1/2 O 2 + 2H + + 2e - → H 2 O
실제 자동차용 연료전지에서는 위에서 나타난 전위보다 더 큰 전위를 필요로 하는데, 더 높은 전위를 얻기 위해서는 개별 단위전지를 필요한 전위만큼 적층하여야 한다. In actual automotive fuel cells, a potential higher than that shown above is required. In order to obtain a higher potential, individual unit cells must be stacked as needed.
이렇게 적층하는 것을 스택(Stack)이라 하며, 그 스택 모형도는 다수의 분리판이 전극막 접합체(MEA;Membrane Electrolyte Assembly) 및 가스확산층을 사이에 두고 적층 부착되며, 이 분리판의 양단면에는 엔드플레이트가 밀착 고정되며, 상기 분리판과 엔드플레이트를 체결수단으로 묶어주는 구조를 이루고 있다.This stacking is referred to as a stack, and the stack schematic diagram shows that a plurality of separators are laminated and attached to each other with a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) and a gas diffusion layer interposed therebetween. It is tightly fixed and forms a structure for tying the separator plate and the end plate with the fastening means.
이때, 상기 엔드플레이트에는 하나의 단자((+) 또는 (-) 단자)가 형성되어 있다.At this time, one terminal ((+) or (-) terminal) is formed on the end plate.
한편, 연료전지 차량의 급출발 및 급가속시 등과 같이 부하변동이 심할 경우에 2차 전지 또는 캐패시터과 같은 보조 전원장치가 필요 부하의 일부분을 보조함으로써, 연료전지 스택에 걸리는 부하를 완화시켜준다.On the other hand, in case of heavy load fluctuations such as when the fuel cell vehicle is suddenly started and accelerated, an auxiliary power supply such as a secondary battery or a capacitor assists a part of the required load, thereby mitigating the load on the fuel cell stack.
그러나, 상기 연료전지 스택의 부하 변동이 심할 때 2차 전지 및 캐패시터를 이용한다고 하더라도 용량이 큰 고가의 보조전원(2차전지 및 캐패시터)을 이용해야 한다.However, even when the secondary battery and the capacitor are used when the load variation of the fuel cell stack is severe, an expensive auxiliary power source (secondary battery and capacitor) having a large capacity must be used.
또한, 상기 연료전지 스택의 측면에서도 보조전원이 스택의 부하 상승율을 감소시키는 데 한계가 있으며, 이때 공기공급 시스템으로부터 공급되는 산소가 전지의 촉매층에 까지 충분히 전달되지 못하여 부분적인 산소부족현상이 발생할 수 있다.In addition, the side of the fuel cell stack has a limit to the secondary power source to reduce the load rise rate of the stack, the oxygen supply from the air supply system may not be sufficiently delivered to the catalyst layer of the cell may cause partial oxygen shortage phenomenon. have.
따라서, 백금촉매의 열화 및 촉매지지체의 열화가 발생하여 상기와 같은 산소부족현상이 반복됨에 따라 스택의 성능저하를 초래하는 문제점이 있다.Therefore, there is a problem that degradation of the platinum catalyst and deterioration of the catalyst support cause the performance of the stack as the oxygen deficiency phenomenon is repeated.
본 발명은 상기와 같은 점을 감안하여 안출한 것으로서, 가속페달의 시간에 따른 변위값을 측정하고, 상기 변위값이 설정값보다 크면 부하변동이 큰 것으로 판단하여 솔레노이드밸브를 열어 연료전지에 산소를 공급하고, 연료전지의 전류변위가 0이나 음수 일경우에는 스택이 정상상태 또는 스택요구출력이 감소되고 있는 것으로 판단하여 솔레노이드밸브를 닫아 산소공급을 중단함으로써, 산소부족으로 인한 스택의 열화를 방지하여 전지의 수명을 연장할 뿐만 아니라, 고가 및 고중량의 2차전지(또는 캐패시터)의 용량을 줄여 원가를 절감할 수 있도록 한 연료전지 차량의 부하변동시 산소공급장치를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.The present invention has been made in view of the above, and measures the displacement value according to the time of the accelerator pedal, and if the displacement value is larger than the set value, it is determined that the load fluctuation is large and open the solenoid valve to supply oxygen to the fuel cell. If the current displacement of the fuel cell is 0 or negative, the stack is judged to be in a normal state or the stack demand output is decreasing. Close the solenoid valve to stop oxygen supply, preventing the stack from deteriorating due to lack of oxygen. It is an object of the present invention to provide an oxygen supply device for load fluctuation of a fuel cell vehicle that not only prolongs the life of the battery but also reduces cost by reducing the capacity of expensive and heavy secondary batteries (or capacitors).
상기한 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명은 연료전지 차량의 부하변동시 산소공 급장치에 있어서,The present invention for achieving the above object in the oxygen supply device at the load fluctuation of the fuel cell vehicle,
수소와 산소의 전기화학적 반응을 통해 물과 열을 발생시키면서 전력을 발생시키는 연료전지와; 상기 연료전지의 음극 입구부에는 공기가 공급되어질 수 있도록 설치된 공기공급라인과; 상기 공기공급라인에는 공기를 필터링 및 송풍하기 위해 설치된 공기필터 및 송풍기와; 상기 필터링된 공기를 일정습도록 가습하기 위해 공기공급라인에 설치된 가습기와; 차량의 가속페달의 변위를 감지하는 가속변위센서와; 상기 가속변위센서로부터 감지신호를 입력받아 가속페달의 변위값이 설정값보다 큰 경우에 상기 산소공급수단의 작동을 제어하여 연료전지에 산소를 공급하는 제어부;를 포함하여 구성된 것을 특징으로 한다.A fuel cell generating power while generating water and heat through an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen; An air supply line installed to supply air to a cathode inlet of the fuel cell; The air supply line includes an air filter and a blower installed to filter and blow air; A humidifier installed in an air supply line to humidify the filtered air to a constant humidity; An acceleration displacement sensor for detecting displacement of an acceleration pedal of the vehicle; And a control unit for supplying oxygen to a fuel cell by controlling the operation of the oxygen supply means when the displacement value of the accelerator pedal is greater than the set value by receiving the detection signal from the acceleration displacement sensor.
바람직한 구현예로서, 상기 산소공급수단은 산소가 저장된 산소탱크와, 상기 산소탱크의 압력의 조절하는 레귤레이터와, 상기 산소의 유량을 제어하는 솔레노이드밸브를 포함하여 구성된 것을 특징으로 한다.In a preferred embodiment, the oxygen supply means is characterized in that it comprises an oxygen tank in which oxygen is stored, a regulator for adjusting the pressure of the oxygen tank, and a solenoid valve for controlling the flow rate of the oxygen.
더욱 바람직한 구현예로서, 연료전지 차량의 부하변동시 산소공급방법에 있어서,In a more preferred embodiment, in the oxygen supply method when the load of the fuel cell vehicle changes,
가속페달의 시간에 따른 변위값을 측정하는 단계와; 상기 단계에서 측정된 변위값이 설정값보다 큰 지 여부를 판단하는 단계와; 상기 단계에서 변위값이 설정값보다 큰 경우에는 부하변동이 큰 것으로 판단하여 산소탱크와 연료전지 사이에 설치된 솔레노이드밸브를 열어 연료전지에 산소를 공급하는 단계와; 상기 변위값이 설정값보다 작거나 같은 경우에는 부하변동이 작은 것으로 판단하여 상기 솔레노이드밸브를 닫아 산소공급을 중단하는 단계;를 포함하여 구성된 것을 특징으로 한다.Measuring a displacement value according to time of the accelerator pedal; Determining whether the displacement value measured in the step is larger than a set value; Determining that the load variation is large when the displacement value is larger than the set value, and opening the solenoid valve installed between the oxygen tank and the fuel cell to supply oxygen to the fuel cell; Determining that the load variation is small when the displacement value is smaller than or equal to the set value, and closing the solenoid valve to stop supplying oxygen.
이하, 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 첨부도면을 참조로 상세하게 설명한다.Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
첨부한 도 1은 본 발명에 따른 연료전지 차량의 부하변동시 산소공급장치의 일실시예를 나타내는 구성도이다.1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of an oxygen supply apparatus when a load is changed in a fuel cell vehicle according to the present invention.
본 발명은 연료전지(10) 차량의 급격한 부하변동시 발생하는 산소부족현상을 막기 위하여 별도의 산소공급장치를 이용한 점에 주안점이 있다.The present invention focuses on the use of a separate oxygen supply device in order to prevent the oxygen shortage that occurs during sudden load changes of the fuel cell (10) vehicle.
상기 연료전지(10)의 음극 입구부에는 공기공급라인(11)이 설치되고, 공기공급라인(11)은 공기를 필터링하기 위해 설치된 공기필터(12)와, 필터링된 공기를 연료전지(10)에 공급하기 위해 공기필터(12) 후방에 설치된 송풍기(13)를 포함하여 구성된다.An
또한, 상기 공기공급라인(11)에서 송풍기(13)의 후방에는 공기에 적정습도를 가하기 위한 가습기(14)가 설치되어 있고, 가습기(14)를 통과하는 공기는 곧바로 연료전지(10)의 분리판에 공급되게 된다.In addition, a
상기 연료전지(10)의 음극 출구부에는 공기회수라인(15)이 설치되고, 공기회수라인(15)을 통해 회수된 공기는 다시 가습기(14)를 통과하여 하부로 배출되게 된다.An
여기서, 산소공급장치는 상기 가습기(14)와 연료전지(10) 사이에 설치된 산소공급라인(16)과, 산소공급라인(16)에 설치된 솔레노이드밸브(17) 및 레귤레이터(18)와, 산소를 저장하는 산소탱크(19)를 포함하여 구성되어 있다.Here, the oxygen supply device includes an
상기 솔레노이드밸브(17)는 산소공급라인(16)을 개폐하여 산소의 양을 조절하여 주고, 레귤레이터(18)는 산소탱크(19)에 저장된 산소의 압력을 조절해 주는 역할을 한다.The
또한, 상기 솔레노이드밸브(17)는 제어부(20)의 제어신호를 받아 산소의 양을 조절하는 바, 가속페달(21)의 변위값이 설정값을 초과하게 되면, 제어부(20)가 솔레노이드밸브(17)에 열림신호를 보내어 연료전지(10)에 산소를 공급한다. 이때, 가속페달(21)의 변위값은 가속변위센서에 의해 감지된다.In addition, the
이와 같은 구성에 의한 본 발명에 따른 연료전지(10) 차량의 부하변동시 산소공급장치의 제어방법을 설명하면 다음과 같다.Referring to the control method of the oxygen supply device when the load fluctuation of the vehicle according to the present invention by such a configuration as follows.
도 2는 본 발명에 따른 연료전지 차량의 부하변동시 산소공급장치의 제어방법을 나타내는 순서도이다.2 is a flowchart illustrating a control method of an oxygen supply device when a load of a fuel cell vehicle changes according to the present invention.
1) 가속변위센서에서 가속페달(21)의 시간에 따른 변위(dL/dt)를 측정한다.1) Measure the displacement (dL / dt) with time of the
2) 상기 단계에서 측정된 변위값이 기입력된 설정값(XL)보다 큰 지를 판단한다.
즉, dL/dt > XL 인지를 판단한다.
이때, 설정값은 가속페달(21)에 의해 부하변동정도를 알기 위해 실험을 통해 얻어진 값이고, 이 값은 제어부(20)에 미리 입력된다.2) It is determined whether the displacement value measured in the step is larger than the preset value X L.
That is, it is determined whether dL / dt> X L.
At this time, the set value is a value obtained through the experiment to know the degree of load fluctuation by the
3) 상기 단계에서 기입력된 변위값이 설정값보다 큰 경우에는 부하변동이 큰 것을 판단하여 종래의 문제점인 산소부족현상을 방지하기 위해 산소공급용 솔레노이드밸브(17)를 개방한다.3) If the displacement value inputted in the step is larger than the set value, it is determined that the load fluctuation is large and the oxygen
4) 상기 연료전지(10) 스택의 전류변위(dA/dt)가 0 또는 음수일 때, 다시 말해 dA/dt≤0 일 때, 즉 스택이 정상상태 또는 스택 요구 출력이 감소되는 상태일 경우에는 산소공급용 솔레노이드밸브(17)를 차단한다.4) When the current displacement dA / dt of the
도 2에서 dL은 가속페달의 변화량(L0-L1), L0,L1 은 가속페달의 위치값(0≤L≤1), XL 은 임계 변화량 값, dA는 스택 전류 변화량 값(A0-A1), CV는 제어밸브(Control Valve)의 약자이다.In FIG. 2, dL is the change amount of the accelerator pedal (L 0 -L 1 ), L 0 , L 1 is the position value of the accelerator pedal (0≤L≤1), X L is the threshold change amount value, dA is the stack current change amount value ( A 0 -A 1 ), CV stands for Control Valve.
이와 같은 제어방법에 의해 산소탱크(19), 레귤레이터(18) 및 솔레노이드밸브(17) 등의 산송공급장치를 채용하여 연료전지 차량의 부하변동시 산소부족현상을 방지할 수 있다.By such a control method, an oxygen supply device such as an
또한, 산소 부족으로 인한 스택의 열화를 방지하여 전지의 수명을 연장할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, 고가 및 고중량의 2차전지(또는 캐패시터)의 용량을 줄일 수 있다.In addition, it is possible to prevent the deterioration of the stack due to the lack of oxygen to extend the life of the battery, as well as to reduce the capacity of the expensive and heavy secondary battery (or capacitor).
여기서, 산소 저장을 위한 고압 산소탱크(19)의 용량은 그 사용시간이 연료전지 자동차의 고부하가 발생하는 시점에서 1~2초 내외이고, 소량 공기와 혼합하여 대기중의 산소농도(21%) 보다 높은 산소 부화 공기를 제공함으로써, 스택에 공급되는 산소를 일정량 늘리는데 목적이 있으므로 그 용량이 과다할 필요가 없다.Here, the capacity of the high-
이상에서는 본 발명을 특정의 바람직한 실시예에 대하여 도시하고 설명하였으나, 본 발명은 이러한 실시예에 한정되지 않으며, 당해 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자가 특허청구범위에서 청구하는 본 발명의 기술적 사상을 벗어나지 않는 범위내에서 실시할 수 있는 다양한 형태의 실시예들을 모두 포함한다.While the invention has been shown and described with respect to certain preferred embodiments thereof, the invention is not limited to these embodiments, and has been claimed by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention pertains. It includes all the various forms of embodiments that can be carried out without departing from the spirit.
이상에서 본 바와 같이, 본 발명에 따른 연료전지 차량의 부하변동시 산소공급장치에 의하면, 산소탱크, 레귤레이터 및 솔레노이드밸브 등의 산송공급장치를 채용하여 연료전지 차량의 부하변동시 산소부족현상을 방지할 수 있다.As described above, according to the oxygen supply device for load fluctuation of the fuel cell vehicle according to the present invention, by adopting an acid supply supply device such as an oxygen tank, a regulator and a solenoid valve, the oxygen deficiency phenomenon during the load fluctuation of the fuel cell vehicle is prevented. can do.
또한, 산소 부족으로 인한 스택의 열화를 방지하여 전지의 수명을 연장할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, 고가 및 고중량의 2차전지(또는 캐패시터)의 용량을 줄일 수 있다.In addition, it is possible to prevent the deterioration of the stack due to the lack of oxygen to extend the life of the battery, as well as to reduce the capacity of the expensive and heavy secondary battery (or capacitor).
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| KR20040090390A (en) * | 2002-03-20 | 2004-10-22 | 소니 가부시키가이샤 | Fuel battery device and method for controlling fuel battery |
| JP2005108712A (en) | 2003-09-30 | 2005-04-21 | Toshiba Corp | Battery unit and output control method |
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Cited By (1)
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| US11799107B2 (en) | 2021-01-18 | 2023-10-24 | Hyundai Motor Company | Oxygen supply apparatus and method for fuel cell of aircraft |
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