KR100806472B1 - The water treatment facilities with the function of dissolved air flotation, filtration, membrane-separation and biofilter - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a water treatment device, comprising: a pressure dissolving device for pressurizing water and air to dissolve oxygen in a supersaturated state; A water treatment tank provided with at least one water treatment means selected from a filter bed, a separation membrane module, and a biofilm contact material; A water intake passage which takes in supersaturated water and supplies it to the pressure dissolving apparatus; The supersaturated water generated in the pressurized dissolution device is made of a supersaturated water supply passage to be supplied to the water treatment tank, the intake and supply flow passage is provided with a flow control means for changing the intake source and the supersaturated water supply position according to the operating conditions, Since the sludge removal apparatus is installed on the upper portion of the water treatment tank, the load of solids added to the water treatment means such as the filter bed, the membrane module and the biofilm contact material is reduced, the backwash cycle is long, and the aerobic microorganism can be grown at a high concentration. It is easy to dispose of sludge, and an appropriate flow path can be selected according to the operation stage.

Pressurized flotation, filtration phase, biofilm contact material, membrane separation

Description

The water treatment facilities with the function of dissolved air flotation, filtration, membrane-separation and biofilter

1 is a conceptual diagram of a first embodiment of a water treatment apparatus according to the present invention;

2 is a conceptual diagram of a second embodiment of a water treatment device according to the present invention;

3 is a conceptual diagram of a third embodiment of a water treatment device according to the present invention;

4 is a conceptual diagram of a fourth embodiment of a water treatment apparatus according to the present invention.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10: water treatment tank 11: upper part of the water treatment tank

12: inside of the water treatment means 13: lower part of the water treatment tank

20: pressure melting apparatus 21: pressure pump

22: pressurized water tank 23: air compressor

30: water treatment means 31: filter bed

32: membrane module 33: biofilm contact material

40: treated water withdrawal pump 50: flow path adjusting means

60: suspended sludge removal device 61: vacuum pump

62: hood 63: sludge suction tank

64: sludge feed path 65: blower

66: ejector 70-75: water intake

80 to 83: supply flow path

The present invention relates to a water treatment apparatus for treatment of sewage, waste water, water, and the like, and more particularly, to an economical and effective water treatment apparatus in which organically combined functions of pressurization, filtration, membrane separation, and biofilter are provided.

In the conventional filter, since the solids are accumulated on the surface of the filter bed to form a slime layer, the inside of the filter bed is not properly used for collecting solids, the filtration resistance is increased, and the backwash cycle is shortened, resulting in low operation rate and excessive backwash flow rate. There is a problem.

Conventional deposition type membranes exert excessive shear force on the surface of the separation membrane by using aeration device or aeration and agitation device to detach the solids and biofilms attached to the membrane surface, thus requiring high power and high wear rate of the membrane. There is this.

Conventional biofilters apply shear force to the surface of the biofilm contact material by using aeration device or aeration and agitation device to periodically remove the microorganisms that adhere to the surface of the biofilm contact material, thereby increasing the wear rate and operating rate of the biofilm contact material. There is a problem that the deterioration and excessive backwash flow rate is generated.

In addition, in the conventional aerobic biofilter, in order to supply dissolved oxygen, an aeration device such as an acid engine is installed to supply bubbles having a large particle size and a small specific surface area, so that the oxygen transfer rate is low and the reactor capacity is encroached by the bubbles, thereby realizing the reactor. There is a problem that the hydraulic retention time is shortened and the treatment efficiency is lowered.

Since the flotation tank of the conventional pressure flotation device has no functions such as filtration, membrane separation, and biological reaction other than the flotation separation function of the solids, a filtration device, a membrane separation means, or a biological reactor may be used before and after the pressure flotation process for more sophisticated treatment. Since it must be installed separately, there is a big problem in operating costs, facility costs and site requirements.

In addition, the flotation sludge removal apparatus of the conventional method that floats on the surface of the pressure flotation device to remove the sludge is composed of the overflow ware, part of which is submerged under the surface of the water and the sludge is collected by overflowing the wear with water, Sludge has to go through a separate concentration process, and the filtrate generated after the concentration is circulated to the water treatment process has the problem of increasing the hydraulic load.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an economical and effective water treatment apparatus composed of organic combination of the function of pressurization, filtration, membrane separation and biofilter.

In order to achieve the above object, the water treatment apparatus according to the present invention comprises a pressure dissolving apparatus for dissolving oxygen in a supersaturated state by pressurizing water and air; A water treatment tank in which at least one water treatment means is selected and installed from the filter bed, the membrane module, and the biofilm contact member; A water intake passage which takes in supersaturated water and supplies it to the pressure dissolving apparatus; The supersaturated water supply passage for supplying the supersaturated water generated in the pressure dissolving apparatus to the water treatment tank.

In addition, the water treatment apparatus is provided with at least one or more selected from the 24 intake and supply flow paths that can be combined, and the intake and supply flow passages are provided with flow control means for changing the intake source and the supersaturated water supply position according to the operating conditions. Configured variable flow paths.

At least one or more of the previous and subsequent steps of the water treatment device may be connected to a denitrification tank in series to remove nitrogen.

In addition, the filter bed is a fence-shaped filter bed in which two vertical plate-shaped nets are spaced apart at regular intervals and filled with a filter medium in an inner space formed therebetween, or in an inner space formed between two vertical cylindrical nets having different diameters. It was composed of a side flow filter bed such as a cylindrical filter bed filled with a filter medium.

On the water surface of the water treatment tank, a sludge removal apparatus configured to suck and remove the sludge by using a combination of a vacuum pump or a blower and an ejector was configured.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the water treatment apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a conceptual diagram of a first embodiment of a water treatment apparatus equipped with flotation separation, filtration and biofilter functions according to the present invention.

The water treatment device according to this embodiment is a pressurized dissolution device 20 composed of a pressurized pump 21, a pressurized water tank 22, an air compressor 23, etc., which pressurizes water and air to dissolve oxygen at a supersaturated concentration. It consists of a water treatment tank 10 in which the water treatment means 30 selected from a phase, a separation membrane, and a biofilm contact material is installed, a water intake passage for pressurized water, and a supply passage for supplying supersaturated water.

When the supersaturated water in which the air is supersaturated and dissolved at a high pressure in the pressure-dissolving apparatus 20 flows into the water treatment tank 10 at atmospheric pressure, the supersaturated and dissolved air is separated into fine bubbles. The separated micro-bubbles are attached to the inflow source and the solids on the surface of the water treatment means 30, and the solids with reduced apparent specific gravity are floated on the water together with the bubbles, so that the water treatment tank performs the function of the floating separator at the same time.

The supersaturated water generated by the pressure dissolving apparatus is at least one selected from four places, such as an inflow source water, an upper portion 11 of the water treatment tank, an inner portion 12 of the water treatment means, and a lower portion 13 of the water treatment tank. Four supply passages 80 to 83 may be configured to supply supersaturated water from the pressure melting apparatus so as to be introduced into the apparatus.

In addition, the water flowing into the pressure dissolving apparatus 20 to generate supersaturated water is introduced into the water treatment tank, the internal water drawn from the inside of the water treatment tank, the outflow water from the water treatment tank, and introduced from the outside. The water taken in the water treatment tank may be selected from external water, including the upper portion 11 of the water treatment tank, the inner portion 12 of the water treatment means, and the lower portion 13 of the water treatment tank passing through the water treatment means. All six waters can be used.

Therefore, the supersaturated water can be configured with six water intake passages 70 to 75 so that at least one of the six types of water sources can be selected and taken in accordance with the solid concentration and the operating conditions.

As described above, in the water treatment apparatus according to the present invention, six water inflow passages (70 to 75) configured to connect the six water sources capable of taking supersaturated water and the inlet of the pressure dissolving apparatus to communicate with each other provide 4 to supply the supersaturated water. By combining the four supply flow paths 80 to 83 configured to connect the supply position of the place and the outlet of the pressure dissolving device to each other, all 24 water intake and supply flow paths may be configured.

The water treatment apparatus according to the present invention may include all of the water intake and supply flow paths that can be combined into the above 24, but is not limited thereto. One of the 24 water intake and supply flow paths depends on the inflow conditions and the type of filter medium and the purpose of the treatment. The above combination can be selected to form a water intake passage and a supply passage.

The intake and supply flow passages are composed of a plurality of flow passages selected from the 24 combinations, and the intake flow passage and the supply flow passage can be changed according to the operating conditions and the operation stages so that the positions of the supersaturated water can be changed. The same flow path adjusting means 50 may be provided to form a variable flow path.

In addition, a floating sludge removal device capable of removing floating sludge and scum floating on the surface of the water treatment tank is essential in the upper portion of the water treatment tank. In this embodiment, a vacuum pump 61 capable of sucking air and floating on the water surface of the water treatment tank A sludge transport passage 64 so that a hood 62 capable of sucking the sludge and a sludge suction tank 63 for sucking sludge through the hood and a suction port of the hood, the suction tank, and the vacuum pump are sequentially communicated. Illustrated floating sludge removal apparatus 60 consisting of. Thus, since the sludge is sucked by using the negative pressure of the vacuum pump, the water content of the sludge is low and the treatment is easy, unlike the conventional method of overflowing the water surface.

Solids and microorganisms adhered to the surface of the water treatment means 30, such as a filter medium, a membrane, and a biofilm contact material, are backwashed and removed by a microbubble generated from the supersaturated water supplied to the bottom of the water treatment tank or inside the water treatment means. In order to increase backwashing and film removal efficiency, a well-known aeration device and agitation device, such as an diffuser, a pump ejector, an axial flow or a four-flow mixer, may be installed inside the water treatment tank.

In addition, a flocculant may be injected into the inflowing water flowing into the water treatment tank so that the flocculation effect can be increased by flocculating the solids.

Figure 2 relates to a second embodiment of the water treatment apparatus equipped with the flotation separation, filtration and biofilter function according to the present invention.

The water intake passage and the supply passage of this embodiment are configured by selecting one of the 24 flow passages described in the first embodiment.

The inlet flow passage 72 is configured to take inflow water and the supersaturated water generated through the pressure dissolving apparatus 20 is introduced into the water treatment tank 10, and the supply passage so as to flow into the upper portion 11 of the water treatment tank ( 82) is a structure in which solids are floated and separated at the top of the water treatment tank. Therefore, it is possible to minimize the solids load delivered to the interior 12 of the water treatment means.

In addition, in this embodiment, the water treatment means installed in the water treatment tank exemplifies a vertical side flow filter bed in which a filter bed 31 is installed but a stream of water flows laterally. The side flow filter phase may be composed of conventional filter media such as woven fabrics, nonwoven fabrics, and the like, in particular, two vertical plate-shaped meshes are installed at regular intervals, and are filled with filter media in an inner space formed therebetween, It can be configured as a cylindrical filter bed formed by filling the filter medium in the inner space formed between two vertical cylindrical meshes having different diameters. The filter medium filled in the sidewall-type filter bed of the fence-type and cylindrical shape may use various types of filter media without limitation, and backwashing may use a known backwashing method and apparatus such as using water or air.

In this way, the side flow type filter bed has less site than the conventional filter bed which is difficult to be composed of multiple layers, such as a filtration bed passing in the vertical direction, because water flows through the side, and can fill and use various filter media including granular filter media. Therefore, the solids removal efficiency is superior to that of the conventional rotary strainer composed of a porous plate, a mesh or a fabric, and a filter cloth composed of one layer.

In addition, the filter bed 31 installed in the water treatment tank according to the present invention is not limited to the side-flow type filter bed, plate-like filter medium, fine yarns formed with fine filter holes such as woven fabric, nonwoven fabric, metal mesh, ciliated layer formed, etc. It is selected and filled from laminated fibrous filter media or granular filter media such as sand, anthracite, synthetic resin, foamed resin, activated carbon, granular filter media of ceramic material, and fine sand granules formed by granulation of fine threads. It can be comprised by a filtration phase.

Figure 3 relates to a third embodiment of the water treatment apparatus equipped with the flotation separation, filtration and biofilter functions according to the present invention.

The intake channel and the supply channel of this embodiment are configured by selecting another channel 73, 80 from the 24 channels described in the first embodiment.

The supersaturated water taken in through the intake passage 73 communicated with the upper portion 11 of the filtration phase and the pressure-dissolving device is introduced into the water treatment tank 10 through the supply passage 80 to the lower portion 13 of the water treatment tank. As it flows in, microbubbles and solids can be separated from the bottom of the water treatment tank. Therefore, it is possible to maximize the supply of microbubbles and dissolved oxygen to the water treatment means and the entire water treatment tank, which is advantageous for the growth of aerobic microorganisms.

In addition, in this embodiment, the flow rate is increased by the supersaturated water circulated from the upper part of the water treatment tank to the lower part and the upper part is floated through the water treatment means together with the microbubble, so that the backwashing of the solids attached to the water treatment means and the film removal of the microorganism are well performed. Will be done. Therefore, when the water treatment means is a biofilm contact material, the oxygen supply is smoothly supplied to the microorganisms that grow and adhere to the surface thereof, and the flow path structure is also advantageous for the film removal of the overgrown microbes.

In addition, in this embodiment, the water treatment means installed in the water treatment tank 10 exemplifies the membrane module 32 in the form of a hollow fiber in which a negative pressure is formed therein by the treatment water extraction pump 40. In addition to the modules, various types of immersion separators can be installed.

In the flow path configuration as in this embodiment, the solids attached to the surface of the separator are not only easily detached, but also the microorganisms that are attached to the proliferation can be assetd under aerobic conditions, so that the membrane can be easily removed.

It is also possible to use known techniques such as membrane removal means such as aeration and agitation by a diffuser and a backwashing method for backflow of compressed air.

In addition, the suspended sludge removal apparatus 60 of this embodiment is a blower 65 capable of sucking and ejecting air and an ejector 66 capable of sucking and transporting the suspended sludge using the kinetic energy of the air supplied from the blower. ) And a hood 62 capable of sucking the suspended sludge floating on the water surface of the filtered water, and a sludge conveying flow path 64 so that the discharge port of the blower, the ejector, and the hood communicate with each other. Therefore, the suspended sludge removal apparatus of this embodiment can use an existing blower installed in a sewage treatment plant without installing a separate blower.

Figure 4 relates to a fourth embodiment of the water treatment apparatus equipped with the flotation separation, filtration and biofilter functions according to the present invention.

The water intake passage and the supply passage of this embodiment are constituted by another of the 24 flow passages described in the first embodiment.

Two intake flow paths 70 and 72 and two supply flow paths to collect inflow or outflow water and introduce supersaturated water generated through the pressure dissolving device into the upper portion 11 of the water treatment tank or the lower portion 13 of the water treatment tank. 80,82 are installed. Therefore, the opening and closing operation of the flow path adjusting means 50 provided in the intake passages 70 and 72 and the supply passages 80 and 82 may be configured in four ways.

In detail, the flow paths 72, 82 are opened, and 70, 80 are sealed, and the intake and supply flow paths are inflow water → pressurization melting apparatus → upper part 11 of the water treatment tank, and the flow paths 72, 80 are opened and 70, 82 Sealed inflow water → pressure melting device → lower part of the water treatment tank (13), water passages 70, 82 are opened, and 72, 80 are sealed and effluent water → pressure melting device → upper part (11) of the water treatment tank, water passages 70, 80 Four flow paths each of which can be distributed to the lower portion 13 of the effluent water → pressure dissolving device → water treatment tank by sealing the openings 72 and 82, and the flow path adjusting means 50 according to the operating conditions and the operation stages. The opening and closing operation is illustrated that the optimal channel can be selected.

In the present invention, the water treatment means filled in the water treatment tank is not limited to the filter bed and the membrane module, and by installing a biofilm contact material having a large specific surface area and biocompatibility to which microorganisms can attach and grow, the biofilter function is used for the flotation separation function. It can be provided further.

In this embodiment, the water treatment means by the microbial contact material 33 is illustrated, and the biofilm contact material of a shape and a material having a large specific surface area, biocompatibility, and biological residence time is advantageous for the growth of microorganisms.

Therefore, the porous foam resin mat foamed so that the pores communicate with each other, the mat made of a lock overlapping fibers, a porous ceramic member, a porous activated carbon member, a woven fabric with a cilia layer, a fibrous layer with fine fibers, Or fixed bed biofilm contact materials such as suspension microbial contact materials with densely protruding straight or annular fibers on nonwoven fabrics, ropes, synthetic resin moldings, foamed resins, granular activated carbon, granular porous ceramics, granular ores, and fine yarns. It is possible to select and use among fluidized bed biofilm contact materials such as microspheres, etc., which are aggregated into a spherical shape.

When the supersaturated water in which dissolved oxygen is dissolved at a saturation concentration or more is introduced into the water treatment device equipped with a biofilter function, aerobic decomposition and denitrification of organic matter may be performed. Therefore, at least one of the denitration reaction tank installed in the previous stage of the water treatment tank and the post-denitration reaction tank installed in the later stage may be connected to a denitrification reactor (not shown) in series to remove nitrogen.

In the case of a pre-denitrification tank, the effluent containing nitrate nitrogen from the water treatment tank in which the nitrification reaction is subsequently performed must be circulated countercurrently to the pre-denitrification tank coagulation.

In addition, in the case of a post-denitrification tank, since most organic matters are decomposed in the biofilter of the previous stage in which nitrification is performed, a denitrification source is insufficient, so that a carbon source such as methanol is preferably injected from the outside.

In the water treatment apparatus equipped with the flotation separation, filtration, membrane separation, and biofilter functions according to the present invention, the solids are separated from the flotation by pressurization and the oxygen is dissolved in a high concentration, such as a filtration phase, a membrane module, and a biofilm contact material. Low solid load added to the water treatment means and long backwash cycle increase the utilization rate, increase aerobic microorganisms in high concentration, and remove the sludge with low water content, so it is easy to dispose of sludge, operating conditions and operation Since the appropriate flow path can be selected and operated in accordance with the stages, it is possible to realize an excellent water treatment device and an economical water treatment device in terms of facility cost and operation cost.

Claims (9)

A pressure dissolving apparatus 20 for dissolving air in water by pressurizing water and air; A water treatment tank 10 in which at least one water treatment means 30 is selected and installed from the filter bed 31, the membrane module 32, and the biofilm contact member 33; A water intake passage which takes in supersaturated water and supplies it to the pressure dissolving apparatus; Floating separation, filtration, membrane separation biofilter function, characterized in that the supersaturated water generated in the pressure dissolving device composed of a supersaturated water supply passage to be supplied to the water treatment tank. The float separation and filtration, membrane separation and biofilter function according to claim 1, characterized in that a floating sludge removal device (60) is installed on the upper portion of the water treatment tank (10) to remove floating sludge floating on the water surface. There is provided a water treatment device. According to claim 1, wherein the water treatment tank 10, the external water, inflow water, the upper portion 11 of the water treatment tank, the interior 12 of the water treatment means, the lower portion 13 of the water treatment tank and the outflow from the water treatment tank Six intake passages (70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75) in which six intake sources such as effluent water and the inlet of the pressurized melting apparatus (20) can communicate with each other; The supersaturated water generated by the pressure dissolving apparatus 20 includes four sources such as inflow water, an upper portion 11 of the water treatment tank, an interior 12 of the water treatment means, a lower portion 13 of the water treatment tank, and an outlet of the pressure dissolving apparatus 20. Four supply passages 80, 81, 82, and 83, which may be configured to communicate with each other, are selected and provided from at least one of a total of 24 water intake and supply passages that may be configured in combination with each other, The intake and supply flow passages are provided with floating separation and filtration, membrane separation and biofilter functions, characterized in that the variable flow path is provided with a flow path control means 50 for changing the intake source and the supersaturated water supply position according to the operating conditions. Water treatment device. The water treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the previous stage and the subsequent stage of the water treatment apparatus is provided with a denitrification reactor connected in series. The water treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the filter bed (31) is a side stream filter bed configured to allow horizontal flow of water to pass through the side of the filter medium. According to claim 2, The sludge removal device 60 comprises a vacuum pump 61 capable of sucking air; A hood 62 capable of sucking suspended sludge floating on the water surface of the water treatment tank; A sludge suction tank 63 for sucking sludge through the hood; Float separation, filtration, membrane separation and biofilter function, characterized in that the hood and the suction tank and the suction port of the vacuum pump in order to communicate with each other consisting of a sludge transfer passage (64). The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the suspended sludge removing device (60) includes: a blower (65) capable of sucking and blowing air; An ejector (66) capable of sucking and transporting the suspended sludge by using the kinetic energy of the air supplied from the blower; A hood 62 capable of sucking suspended sludge suspended on the surface of the filtered water; Float separation, filtration, membrane separation and biofilter function, characterized in that the discharge port of the blower and the ejector and the hood is configured to communicate with each other sludge transport passage (64). 6. The filter bed (31) according to claim 5, characterized in that the filter bed (31) is a side-flow fence type filter bed in which two vertical plate-shaped nets are installed at regular intervals and filled with a filter medium in an inner space formed therebetween. Water treatment device equipped with flotation separation, filtration, membrane separation and biofilter function. The method of claim 1, wherein the filter bed (31) is a flotation separation, filtration, membrane separation and characterized in that the side flow type of cylindrical filter formed by filling the filter medium in the inner space formed between two vertical cylindrical meshes having different diameters Water treatment device equipped with a biofilter function.

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