KR100747974B1 - Heat pump system - Google Patents

Heat pump system Download PDF

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KR100747974B1
KR100747974B1 KR1020060075677A KR20060075677A KR100747974B1 KR 100747974 B1 KR100747974 B1 KR 100747974B1 KR 1020060075677 A KR1020060075677 A KR 1020060075677A KR 20060075677 A KR20060075677 A KR 20060075677A KR 100747974 B1 KR100747974 B1 KR 100747974B1
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heat exchanger
refrigerant
flow path
compressor
receiver
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Korean (ko)
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이근태
최이철
김철민
이원석
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주식회사 두원공조
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
    • F25B27/02—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using waste heat, e.g. from internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/31—Expansion valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/05—Compression system with heat exchange between particular parts of the system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/21—Reduction of parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2507—Flow-diverting valves
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
    • Y02A30/274—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies using waste energy, e.g. from internal combustion engine

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명에 의한 히트 펌프 시스템은, 압축기(20)와, 가스 쿨러(22)와, 팽창밸브(24) 및 실내 열교환기(26)와, 수액기(28)와, 내부 열교환기(30)와, 냉각수 열교환기(32)를 포함하여 이루어지는 히트 펌프 시스템에 있어서, 상기 압축기(20)의 배출라인에 설치되어, 냉방시에는 냉매의 유로방향을 상기 가스 쿨러(22)로 전환하고 난방시에는 압축기에서 배출된 냉매의 유로방향을 상기 실내 열교환기(26)로 전환하는 제1방향전환수단(34)과, 상기 수액기(28)의 유입라인에 설치되어, 냉방시에는 상기 실내 열교환기(26)를 통과한 냉매의 유로방향을 상기 수액기(28)로 전환하고 난방시에는 상기 냉각수 열교환기(32)를 통과한 냉매의 유로방향을 상기 수액기(28)로 전환하는 제2방향전환수단(36)를 구비하여, 난방시에 상기 팽창밸브(24)를 통과한 냉매가 상기 내부 열교환기(30)를 거쳐서 상기 냉각수 열교환기(32)에 유입하게 되어 있으므로, 제어부품수와 유로길이를 줄이고 시스템을 경량화하는 한편 냉매 유로를 바꿈으로써 히팅 성능을 향상하는 효과가 있다.The heat pump system according to the present invention includes a compressor 20, a gas cooler 22, an expansion valve 24, an indoor heat exchanger 26, a receiver 28, an internal heat exchanger 30, In the heat pump system comprising a cooling water heat exchanger (32), it is installed in the discharge line of the compressor (20), when cooling the flow path direction of the refrigerant to the gas cooler (22) and the compressor when heating The first direction switching means 34 for converting the flow path direction of the refrigerant discharged from the to the indoor heat exchanger 26 and the inlet line of the receiver 28, the air conditioner 26 during cooling The second direction switching means for converting the flow path direction of the refrigerant passing through the into the receiver 28 and the flow path direction of the refrigerant passing through the cooling water heat exchanger 32 to the receiver 28 when heating. (36), the refrigerant passing through the expansion valve (24) at the time of heating the internal heat exchanger (30) Since it is introduced into the cooling water heat exchanger 32 through), it is possible to reduce the number of control parts and the flow path length, reduce the weight of the system, and improve the heating performance by changing the refrigerant flow path.

Description

히트 펌프 시스템{heat pump system}Heat pump system

도1은 종래 히트 펌프 시스템을 나타내는 구성도,1 is a block diagram showing a conventional heat pump system,

도2는 본 발명에 의한 히트 펌프 시스템을 나타내는 구성도이다.2 is a block diagram showing a heat pump system according to the present invention.

<도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명> <Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings>

20 : 압축기 22 : 가스 쿨러20: compressor 22: gas cooler

24 : 팽창밸브 26 : 실내 열교환기24: expansion valve 26: indoor heat exchanger

28 : 수액기 30 : 내부 열교환기28: receiver 30: internal heat exchanger

32 : 냉각수 열교환기 34 : 제1방향전환수단32: cooling water heat exchanger 34: first direction switching means

36 : 제2방향전환수단 36: second direction switching means

본 발명은 히트 펌프 시스템에 관한 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는 난방시 차량 엔진의 냉각수를 열원으로 사용하는 히트 펌프 시스템에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a heat pump system, and more particularly to a heat pump system using the cooling water of the vehicle engine as a heat source during heating.

냉동 사이클의 냉매 흐름 방향을 역으로 하면 난방용 히트 펌프를 구성할 수 있는데, 난방시 차량 엔진의 냉각수를 열원으로 사용하는 히트 펌프 시스템이 한국특허공개번호 제2005-0022784호로 개시되어 있다. When the refrigerant flow direction of the refrigerating cycle is reversed, a heating heat pump can be configured. A heat pump system using cooling water of a vehicle engine as a heat source when heating is disclosed in Korean Patent Publication No. 2005-0022784.

상기 특허공개번호 제2005-0022784호에 개시된 히트 펌프 시스템은 도1에 도시한 바와 같이, 냉매를 압축하여 배출하는 압축기(1)와, 상기 압축기(1)의 배출라인(1a)에 설치되어 유로방향을 전환하는 제1삼방향 밸브(2)와, 상기 제1삼방향 밸브(2)의 일측포트(2a)에 라인을 매개로 연결된 실외 열교환기(3)와, 상기 실외 열교환기(3)의 배출라인(3a)에 설치되어 유로방향을 전환하는 제2삼방향 밸브(4)와, 상기 제2삼방향 밸브(4)의 일측포트(4a)에 라인을 매개로 순차적으로 연결된 팽창밸브(5) 및 실내 열교환기(6)와, 상기 실내 열교환기(6)와 상기 압축기(1) 사이의 라인에 설치된 수액기(7)와, 상기 수액기(7)와 상기 실내 열교환기(6) 사이의 라인에 설치되어 유로방향을 전환한 제3삼방향 밸브(8)와, 상기 수액기(7)와 압축기(1) 사이의 라인에 설치되어 상기 실외 열교환기(3)와 상기 제2삼방향 밸브(4) 사이의 라인에 흐르는 냉매와 열교환하는 내부 열교환기(9)와, 상기 제3삼방향 밸브(8)의 일측포트(8a)와 상기 제2삼방향 밸브(4)의 타측포트(4b)를 연결하는 라인에 설치되어 엔진(E)을 냉각하는 냉각수와 열교환하는 냉각수 열교환기(10)를 포함하며, 상기 제3삼방향 밸브(8)의 타측포트(8b)는 상기 실내 열교환기(6)에 연결되는 한편 상기 제1삼방향 밸브(2)의 타측포트(2b)에 연결되어 이루어진다.As shown in FIG. 1, the heat pump system disclosed in Patent Publication No. 2005-0022784 has a compressor 1 for compressing and discharging refrigerant, and a discharge line 1a installed in the discharge line 1a of the compressor 1. A first three-way valve 2 for changing directions, an outdoor heat exchanger 3 connected to one side port 2a of the first three-way valve 2 via a line, and the outdoor heat exchanger 3 A second three-way valve (4) installed in the discharge line (3a) of the switch to switch the flow path direction, and an expansion valve sequentially connected to one side port (4a) of the second three-way valve (4) via a line ( 5) and a receiver 7 installed in a line between the indoor heat exchanger 6, the indoor heat exchanger 6 and the compressor 1, the receiver 7 and the indoor heat exchanger 6 A third three-way valve (8) installed in a line between and switching the flow path direction, and installed in a line between the receiver (7) and the compressor (1); Internal heat exchanger (9) for exchanging heat with refrigerant flowing in the line between (3) and the second three-way valve (4), one side port (8a) of the third three-way valve (8) and the second third A cooling water heat exchanger (10) installed in a line connecting the other port (4b) of the directional valve (4) to exchange heat with cooling water for cooling the engine (E), and the other side of the third three-way valve (8). The port 8b is connected to the indoor heat exchanger 6 and to the other side port 2b of the first three-way valve 2.

이와 같이 구성된 종래 히트 펌프 시스템에서 냉방시에는, 압축기(1)에서 토출된 냉매는 제1삼방향 밸브(2), 실외 열교환기(3), 내부 열교환기(9), 제2삼방향 밸브(4), 팽창밸브(5), 실내 열교환기(6), 제3삼방향 밸브(8), 수액기(7) 및 내부 열교환기(9)를 순차적으로 거쳐 압축기(1)에 유입하는 순환을 이루면서 실내를 냉방하는 열교환을 하게 된다.In the conventional heat pump system configured as described above, during cooling, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 may include the first three-way valve 2, the outdoor heat exchanger 3, the internal heat exchanger 9, and the second three-way valve ( 4) through the expansion valve (5), the indoor heat exchanger (6), the third three-way valve (8), the receiver (7) and the internal heat exchanger (9) in sequence to enter the compressor (1) As a result, heat exchange is performed to cool the room.

그리고 난방시에는, 압축기(1)에서 토출된 냉매는 제1삼방향 밸브(2), 실내 열교환기(6), 팽창밸브(5), 제2삼방향 밸브(4), 냉각수 열교환기(10), 제3삼방향 밸브(8), 수액기(7) 및 내부 열교환기(9)를 순차적으로 거쳐 압축기(1)에 유입하는 순환을 이루면서 실내를 난방하는 열교환을 하게 된다.At the time of heating, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 includes the first three-way valve 2, the indoor heat exchanger 6, the expansion valve 5, the second three-way valve 4, and the cooling water heat exchanger 10. ), Through the third three-way valve 8, the receiver 7 and the internal heat exchanger (9) in order to form a circulation flow into the compressor (1) to perform a heat exchange for heating the room.

그런데, 엔진 구동 차량에 적용되는 히트 펌프 시스템은 그 시스템을 경량화하고 히팅성능을 향상하는 많은 시도가 이루어지고 있는데, 이와 같이 구성된 종래 히트 펌프 시스템에 의하면, 냉방시와 난방시에 냉매의 흐름방향을 전환하기 위해 3개의 삼방향 밸브를 사용하므로 제어 부품이 많고 유로길이가 길며, 시스템이 복잡하고 중량화되며 히팅성능이 높지 않다는 문제점이 있었다. However, many attempts have been made to reduce the weight and improve the heating performance of a heat pump system applied to an engine driven vehicle. According to the conventional heat pump system configured as described above, the flow direction of the refrigerant during cooling and heating is changed. The use of three three-way valves for switching has the problem that there are many control parts, a long flow path, a complicated system, a weight, and a high heating performance.

따라서, 본 발명은 상기 문제점을 해결하기 위해 이루어진 것으로서, 본 발명의 목적은 제어부품수와 유로길이를 줄이고 시스템을 경량화하는 한편 냉매 유로를 바꿈으로써 히팅 성능을 향상하는 히트 펌프 시스템을 제공하는 데 있다.Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a heat pump system that improves heating performance by reducing the number of control parts and the length of the flow path, reducing the weight of the system, and changing the refrigerant flow path. .

본 발명에 의한 히트 펌프 시스템은, 냉매를 압축하여 배출하는 압축기와, 상기 압축기의 배출라인에 설치된 가스 쿨러와, 상기 가스 쿨러의 배출라인에 순차적으로 설치된 팽창밸브 및 실내 열교환기와, 상기 실내 열교환기와 상기 압축기사이의 라인에 설치된 수액기와, 상기 수액기와 압축기 사이의 라인에 설치되어 상기 가스 쿨러와 상기 팽창밸브 사이의 라인에 흐르는 냉매와 열교환하는 내부 열교환기와, 난방시 상기 팽창밸브를 통과한 냉매와 난방 보조열원을 냉각하는 냉각수가 열교환되는 냉각수 열교환기를 포함하여 이루어지는 히트 펌프 시스템에 있어서, 상기 압축기의 배출라인에 설치되어 냉방시에는 냉매의 유로방향을 상기 가스 쿨러로 전환하고 난방시에는 압축기에서 배출된 냉매의 유로방향을 상기 실내 열교환기로 전환하는 제1방향전환수단과, 상기 수액기의 유입라인에 설치되어 냉방시에는 상기 실내 열교환기를 통과한 냉매의 유로방향을 상기 수액기로 전환하고 난방시에는 상기 냉각수 열교환기를 통과한 냉매의 유로방향을 상기 수액기로 전환하는 제2방향전환수단을 포함하여, 난방시에 상기 팽창밸브를 통과한 냉매가 상기 내부열교환기를 거쳐서 상기 냉각수 열교환기에 유입하게 되어 있는 것을 특징으로 한다.The heat pump system according to the present invention includes a compressor for compressing and discharging a refrigerant, a gas cooler installed at a discharge line of the compressor, an expansion valve and an indoor heat exchanger sequentially installed at a discharge line of the gas cooler, and the indoor heat exchanger. A heat exchanger installed in a line between the compressor, an internal heat exchanger installed in a line between the receiver and the compressor to exchange heat with a refrigerant flowing in a line between the gas cooler and the expansion valve, and a refrigerant passing through the expansion valve during heating; A heat pump system comprising a cooling water heat exchanger in which a cooling water for cooling a heating auxiliary heat source is heat-exchanged, which is installed in a discharge line of the compressor and converts a flow path of a refrigerant into the gas cooler during cooling and discharges from the compressor during heating. To convert the flow path of the refrigerant into the indoor heat exchanger One direction switching means and the flow path of the refrigerant passing through the indoor heat exchanger to the receiver during cooling and the flow path of the refrigerant passing through the cooling water heat exchanger when heating are installed in the inflow line of the receiver. And a second turning means for switching to air, wherein the refrigerant passing through the expansion valve is introduced into the cooling water heat exchanger via the internal heat exchanger during heating.

이하, 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 실시예를 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described an embodiment of the present invention;

도2에 도시한 바와 같이, 냉매를 압축하여 배출하는 압축기(20)의 배출라인(20a)에는 후술하는 제1방향전환수단을 매개로 가스 쿨러(22)가 설치되고, 상기 가스쿨러(22)의 배출라인(22a)에는 후술하는 내부 열교환기를 매개로 팽창밸브(24) 및 실내 열교환기(26)가 순차적으로 설치되며, 상기 실내 열교환기(26)와 상기 압축기(20) 사이의 라인에는 수액기(28)가 설치된다. 그리고, 상기 수액기(28)와 압축기(20) 사이의 라인에는 상기 가스 쿨러(22)와 상기 팽창밸브(24) 사이의 라인에 흐르는 냉매와 열교환하는 내부 열교환기(30)가 설치되고, 상기 가스 쿨러(22)의 배출라인(22a)에서 상기 내부 열교환기(30)와 상기 가스 쿨러(22) 사이에는 상기 실내 열교환기(26)와 상기 수액기(28) 사이의 라인에 연결되는 냉매라인(L1)이 형성되어, 이 냉매라인(L1)에는 난방시 상기 팽창밸브(24)를 통과한 냉매와 난방 보조열원(S)을 냉각하는 냉각수가 열교환되는 냉각수 열교환기(32)가 설치된다.As shown in FIG. 2, a gas cooler 22 is installed in the discharge line 20a of the compressor 20 for compressing and discharging the refrigerant through a first direction switching means, which will be described later, and the gas cooler 22. In the discharge line 22a of the expansion valve 24 and the indoor heat exchanger 26 are sequentially installed through an internal heat exchanger, which will be described later, and the fluid is provided in the line between the indoor heat exchanger 26 and the compressor 20. 28 is installed. In addition, an internal heat exchanger 30 is installed in the line between the receiver 28 and the compressor 20 to exchange heat with the refrigerant flowing in the line between the gas cooler 22 and the expansion valve 24. Refrigerant line connected to the line between the indoor heat exchanger 26 and the receiver 28 between the internal heat exchanger 30 and the gas cooler 22 in the discharge line 22a of the gas cooler 22. (L1) is formed, the refrigerant line (L1) is provided with a cooling water heat exchanger (32) in which the refrigerant passing through the expansion valve (24) and the cooling water for cooling the heating auxiliary heat source (S) heat exchange.

또한, 상기 압축기(20)의 배출라인(20a)에는 냉방시에는 냉매의 유로방향을 상기 가스 쿨러(22)로 전환하고 난방시에는 압축기(20)에서 배출된 냉매의 유로방향을 상기 실내 열교환기(26)로 전환하는 제1방향전환수단(34)이 설치되고, 상기 수액기(28)의 유입라인에는 냉방시에는 상기 실내 열교환기(26)를 통과한 냉매의 유로방향을 상기 수액기(28)로 전환하고 난방시에는 상기 냉각수 열교환기(32)를 통과한 냉매의 유로방향을 상기 수액기(28)로 전환하는 제2방향전환수단(36)이 설치된다. In addition, in the discharge line 20a of the compressor 20, when the air conditioner cools, the flow path of the refrigerant is switched to the gas cooler 22, and when the heating occurs, the flow path direction of the coolant discharged from the compressor 20 is changed to the indoor heat exchanger. The first direction switching means 34 for switching to (26) is provided, the inlet line of the receiver 28 to the flow direction of the flow path of the refrigerant passing through the indoor heat exchanger 26 at the time of cooling the receiver ( 28 and second heating means 36 for switching the flow path of the refrigerant passing through the cooling water heat exchanger 32 to the receiver 28 is provided.

상기 난방 보조열원(S)은 엔진 구동 자동차의 경우에는 엔진이 되며, 상기 제1, 제2방향전환수단(34)(36)은 삼방향 밸브(3 way valve)를 사용하는 것이 바람직하다. 상기 실내 열교환기(26)는 블로아(B)에 의해 송풍되는 공기가 유동하는 공조 유니트(H)의 내부에 설치되어 있다.The heating auxiliary heat source (S) is an engine in the case of an engine driven car, the first, second direction switching means 34, 36 is preferably used a three-way valve (3 way valve). The indoor heat exchanger 26 is installed inside the air conditioning unit H through which air blown by the blower B flows.

이와 같이 구성된 본 발명에 의한 히터 펌프 시스템에서, 냉방시에는 도2에서 실선의 화살표로 표시한 바와 같이, 압축기(1)에서 토출된 고온 고압의 냉매는 제1방향전환수단(34)의 유로전환에 의해 가스 쿨러(22)측으로 유동한다. 상기 가스 쿨러(22)는 통과하면서 응축된 냉매는 내부 열교환기(30)를 통과하면서 수액기(28)에서 나온 냉매와 열교환된 후, 팽창밸브(24) 측으로 유동한다. 상기 팽창밸브(24)를 통과하면서 저온 저압으로 팽창된 냉매는 실내 열교환기(26)에서 주위의 열을 흡수하여 냉방 성능을 발휘하게 된다. 상기 실내 열교환기를 통과한 냉매는 제2방향전환수단(36)의 유로전환에 의해 수액기(28) 측으로 유동한다. 상기 수액기(28)를 통과한 냉매는 상기 내부 열교환기(30)를 통과하면서 상기 가스 쿨러(22)에서 나온 냉매와 열교환된 후, 압축기(20)에 유입하는 냉매 사이클을 이루게 된다.In the heater pump system according to the present invention configured as described above, during cooling, the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is converted to the flow path of the first direction switching means 34 as indicated by the solid arrows in FIG. 2. Flows to the gas cooler 22 side. The refrigerant condensed while passing through the gas cooler 22 passes through the internal heat exchanger 30, exchanges heat with the refrigerant from the receiver 28, and then flows to the expansion valve 24. The refrigerant expanded at low temperature and low pressure while passing through the expansion valve 24 absorbs ambient heat from the indoor heat exchanger 26 to exert cooling performance. The refrigerant passing through the indoor heat exchanger flows to the receiver 28 by the flow path switching of the second turning means 36. The refrigerant passing through the receiver 28 is heat-exchanged with the refrigerant from the gas cooler 22 while passing through the internal heat exchanger 30, and then forms a refrigerant cycle flowing into the compressor 20.

그리고, 난방시에는 도2에서 점선의 화살표로 표시한 바와 같이, 압축기(1)에서 토출된 고온 고압의 냉매는 제1방향전환수단(34)의 유로전환에 의해 실내 열교환기(26)측으로 유동하여 주위에 열을 방출하면서 난방성능을 발휘하면서 응축된다. 이때 냉매는 제2방향전환수단(34)의 유로전환(냉각수 열교환기에서 수액기측으로만 냉매가 유동)에 의해 수액기(28)측으로는 유동하지 못하게 된다. 상기 실내 열교환기(26)를 통과하면서 응축된 냉매는 팽창밸브(24)를 통과하면서 저온 저압으로 팽창되어 내부 열교환기(30)를 통과한 후, 냉각수 열교환기(32) 측으로 유동한다. 이때, 내부 열교환기(30)를 통과한 냉매는 상기 제1방향전환수단(34)의 유로전환(압축기에서 실내 열교환기측으로만 냉매가 유동)에 의해 가스 쿨러측으로 유동하지 못하게 된다. 상기 냉각수 열교환기(32)를 통과하면서 난방 보조열원(S)에서 나온 냉각수와 열교환된 냉매는 제2방향전환수단(34)의 유로전환에 의해 수액기(28) 측으로 유동한다. 상기 수액기(28)를 통과한 냉매는 상기 내부 열교환기(30)를 통과한 후, 압축기(20)에 유입하는 냉매 사이클을 이루게 된다.During heating, as indicated by the dotted arrows in FIG. 2, the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 flows toward the indoor heat exchanger 26 by switching the flow path of the first direction switching means 34. It condenses while releasing heat to the surroundings, exerting heating performance. At this time, the refrigerant is prevented from flowing to the receiver 28 by the flow path switching (coolant flows only from the coolant heat exchanger to the receiver side) of the second turning means 34. The refrigerant condensed while passing through the indoor heat exchanger 26 expands to low temperature and low pressure while passing through the expansion valve 24, passes through the internal heat exchanger 30, and then flows to the cooling water heat exchanger 32. At this time, the refrigerant passing through the internal heat exchanger 30 is prevented from flowing to the gas cooler side by the flow path switching of the first direction switching means 34 (the refrigerant flows only from the compressor to the indoor heat exchanger side). The refrigerant exchanged with the cooling water from the heating auxiliary heat source S while passing through the cooling water heat exchanger 32 flows to the receiver 28 by the flow path switching of the second direction switching means 34. The refrigerant passing through the receiver 28 passes through the internal heat exchanger 30 and then forms a refrigerant cycle flowing into the compressor 20.

상기한 바와 같이, 난방시에는 상기 팽창밸브(24)를 통과한 냉매가 상기 내부 열교환기(30)를 거쳐서 상기 냉각수 열교환기(32)에 유입하여, 난방 보조열원(S)과 열교환한 냉각수와 열교환하게 되어 있다. 이러한 냉매 사이클를 이루는 본 발명의 히트 펌프 시스템은 방향전환수단(삼방향 밸브)의 수를 줄일 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 냉매유로의 길이를 줄이고, 히팅 성능을 보다 향상시켜 급변하는 조건에 수렴할 수 있는 시스템으로서 최적의 난방을 가능하게 하며, 엔진 구동 자동차를 포 함하여 하이브리드 및 연료 전지 자동차에 장착을 했을 때 효과적인 시스템이다.As described above, during the heating, the refrigerant passing through the expansion valve 24 flows into the cooling water heat exchanger 32 through the internal heat exchanger 30, and the cooling water exchanged with the heating auxiliary heat source S. It is supposed to exchange heat. The heat pump system of the present invention constituting such a refrigerant cycle not only reduces the number of directional change means (three-way valve), but also reduces the length of the refrigerant flow path and improves heating performance, thereby converging to rapidly changing conditions. Optimal heating is possible and is an effective system when mounted on hybrid and fuel cell vehicles, including engine driven vehicles.

본 발명에 의한 히트 펌프 시스템에 의하면, 제어부품수와 유로길이를 줄이고 시스템을 경량화하는 한편 냉매 유로를 바꿈으로써 히팅 성능을 향상하는 효과가 있다.According to the heat pump system according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the number of control parts and the flow path length, reduce the weight of the system, and improve the heating performance by changing the refrigerant flow path.

Claims (1)

냉매를 압축하여 배출하는 압축기(20)와, 상기 압축기의 배출라인에 설치된 가스 쿨러(22)와, 상기 가스 쿨러의 배출라인에 순차적으로 설치된 팽창밸브(24) 및 실내 열교환기(26)와, 상기 실내 열교환기와 상기 압축기사이의 라인에 설치된 수액기(28)와, 상기 수액기와 압축기 사이의 라인에 설치되어 상기 가스 쿨러와 상기 팽창밸브 사이의 라인에 흐르는 냉매와 열교환하는 내부 열교환기(30)와, 난방시 상기 팽창밸브를 통과한 냉매와 난방 보조열원을 냉각하는 냉각수가 열교환되는 냉각수 열교환기(32)를 포함하여 이루어지는 히트 펌프 시스템에 있어서, A compressor 20 for compressing and discharging the refrigerant, a gas cooler 22 installed in the discharge line of the compressor, an expansion valve 24 and an indoor heat exchanger 26 sequentially installed in the discharge line of the gas cooler; A receiver 28 installed in the line between the indoor heat exchanger and the compressor, and an internal heat exchanger 30 installed in the line between the receiver and the compressor to exchange heat with the refrigerant flowing in the line between the gas cooler and the expansion valve. And a cooling water heat exchanger (32) in which the coolant passing through the expansion valve and the cooling water for cooling the heating auxiliary heat source exchange heat during heating. 상기 압축기(20)의 배출라인에 설치되어, 냉방시에는 냉매의 유로방향을 상기 가스 쿨러(22)로 전환하고 난방시에는 압축기에서 배출된 냉매의 유로방향을 상기 실내 열교환기(26)로 전환하는 제1방향전환수단(34)과,Is installed in the discharge line of the compressor 20, when cooling the flow path direction of the refrigerant to the gas cooler 22, when heating the flow path direction of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor to the indoor heat exchanger 26 The first direction switching means 34 and 상기 수액기(28)의 유입라인에 설치되어, 냉방시에는 상기 실내 열교환기(26)를 통과한 냉매의 유로방향을 상기 수액기(28)로 전환하고 난방시에는 상기 냉각수 열교환기(32)를 통과한 냉매의 유로방향을 상기 수액기(28)로 전환하는 제2방향전환수단(36)를 구비하여, Is installed in the inflow line of the receiver 28, when cooling the flow path direction of the refrigerant passing through the indoor heat exchanger 26 to the receiver 28, and the cooling water heat exchanger 32 when heating The second direction switching means 36 for changing the flow path direction of the refrigerant passing through the receiver 28, 난방시에 상기 팽창밸브(24)를 통과한 냉매가 상기 내부 열교환기(30)를 거쳐서 상기 냉각수 열교환기(32)에 유입하게 되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 히트 펌프 시스템.The refrigerant passing through the expansion valve (24) during heating is introduced into the cooling water heat exchanger (32) via the internal heat exchanger (30).
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