KR100736173B1 - Manufacturing Method of Large Sectional Material - Google Patents
Manufacturing Method of Large Sectional Material Download PDFInfo
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- KR100736173B1 KR100736173B1 KR1020050099829A KR20050099829A KR100736173B1 KR 100736173 B1 KR100736173 B1 KR 100736173B1 KR 1020050099829 A KR1020050099829 A KR 1020050099829A KR 20050099829 A KR20050099829 A KR 20050099829A KR 100736173 B1 KR100736173 B1 KR 100736173B1
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000218652 Larix Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000005590 Larix decidua Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000218645 Cedrus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000218657 Picea Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 abstract description 29
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
- F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K2200/00—Wooden materials to be treated
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
본 발명은 건축용 대단면재의 제조방법에 관한 것으로서 보다 상세하게는 건축물에서 기둥용 재료에 중공을 성형하고 열기건조를 실시하는 단계를 포함하는 건축용 대단면재의 제조방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a large cross-section material for building, and more particularly, to a method for manufacturing a large cross-section material for building comprising a step of forming a hollow in the pillar material in the building and performing heat-drying.
본 발명에서는 국산 목조건축 부재의 우량화와 국산재의 대량수요 촉진을 위한 목조건축 부재용 대단면재의 인공건조기술 적용 가능성을 타진하여 건조할렬 발생 억제와 적정 최종함수율재 공급에 의한 미관적 가치 증진 및 기계적 성능 균일화, 그리고 시공 후 하자 발생률을 저감시킬 수 있는 건축용 대단면재의 제조방법 제공을 목적으로 한다.In the present invention, the superiority of domestic wood preservation members and the applicability of artificial drying technology of large cross-section materials for wood preservation members to promote the mass demand of domestic materials can be investigated to suppress dry split generation and to enhance the aesthetic value by supplying the final final moisture content material. And to provide a method for manufacturing large cross-section materials for construction that can reduce the occurrence of defects after construction and uniform mechanical performance.
본 발명에 의해 형성된 건축용 대단면재는 종래 일반적인 목재에 비해 변형이 감소되고 압축강도가 우수할 뿐만 아니라 보다 가볍고 우수한 물성의 건축용 대단면재를 제공할 수 있다.Building large cross-section material formed by the present invention can provide a large cross-section material for construction of light and excellent physical properties as well as the deformation is reduced and excellent compressive strength compared to conventional conventional wood.
본 발명은 건축용 대단면재의 제조에 있어서, 건축용 대단면재 재료에 중공을 성형하는 단계, 중공처리된 대단면재 재료를 열기건조하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 건축용 대단면재의 제조방법을 나타낸다.The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a large cross-section material for building, comprising the steps of forming a hollow in the large cross-section material for construction, and heat-drying the hollow treated large cross-section material.
Description
도 1은 실시예 4에서 대단면재 처리별 최대압축하중을 나타낸 그래프이다.1 is a graph showing the maximum compression load for each large cross-section processing in Example 4.
도 2는 실시예 4에서 대단면재 처리별 비례한계하중을 나타낸 그래프이다.Figure 2 is a graph showing the proportional limit load for each large cross-section processing in Example 4.
도 3은 실시예 4에서 대단면재 처리별 압축강도를 나타낸 그래프이다.Figure 3 is a graph showing the compressive strength for each large cross-section processing in Example 4.
본 발명은 건축용 대단면재의 제조방법에 관한 것으로서 보다 상세하게는 건축물에서 기둥용 재료에 중공을 성형하고 열기건조를 실시하는 단계를 포함하는 건축용 대단면재의 제조방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a large cross-section material for building, and more particularly, to a method for manufacturing a large cross-section material for building comprising a step of forming a hollow in the pillar material in the building and performing heat-drying.
목재는 그 재료에 포함된 수분의 영향에 의해 건조하지 않고 사용할 경우 사용 중에 휘거나 금이 가는 등의 변형이 일어난다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 목재를 건조시 다양한 방법을 적용하여 목재의 변형을 억제하고 있다.Wood can be warped or cracked during use if used without drying due to the effects of moisture contained in the material. To solve this problem, various methods are applied when drying wood to suppress the deformation of the wood.
목재의 변형을 억제하기 위한 건조방법은 크게 천연건조와 인공건조가 있다. 천연건조는 목재를 야외에 쌓아 대기조건에 노출시켜 건조하는 방법으로, 특별한 건조장치와 기술이 필요없는 장점이 있는 반면, 건조소요시간이 길고 기건함수율 이하로 건조가 곤란하며, 기후와 입지의 영향을 많이 받으며, 천연 건조장은 충분한 부지와 통풍 및 배수가 양호한 입지 조건이 충족되어야 하는 단점이 있다. 인공건조는 목재내의 수분을 제거하기 위해 필요한 에너지를 인위적으로 부여하여 목재를 건조하는 방법으로 온도와 습도가 조절되는 건조실내에 목재를 쌓은 후 목재의 수종 및 두께별로 작성된 건조스케줄에 의해 목재를 건조하는 열기건조가 가장 일반적이고, 이외에 고온건조, 진공건조, 제습건조, 열판건조 등의 방법이 있다.Drying methods to suppress the deformation of wood are largely natural and artificial drying. Natural drying is a method of stacking wood outdoors and exposing it to atmospheric conditions to dry it, which has the advantage of not requiring special drying equipment and technology, while the drying time is long and it is difficult to dry below the dry moisture content. Receives a lot of, natural dry field has the disadvantage that a sufficient site and good location conditions for good ventilation and drainage must be met. Artificial drying is a method of drying wood by artificially giving energy required to remove moisture in wood. The wood is dried in a drying schedule created by species and thickness of wood after it is stacked in a drying room where temperature and humidity are controlled. Hot-air drying is the most common, and there are other methods such as high temperature drying, vacuum drying, dehumidifying drying, and hot plate drying.
건축물의 기둥으로 주로 사용되는 목조건축용 대단면재 역시 건조를 실시하여 목재의 변형을 억제하고 있다. 이때 목조건축용 대단면재의 천연건조는 장기간의 건조시간을 요하여 목조건축물 시공시 적기에 자재를 공급하기 어렵고 공사기간 때문에 무리하게 납품된 미건조목의 사용은 시공 후 하자 발생가능성을 높인다. 또한 천연건조로는 제어하기 힘든 표면 할렬의 발생은 부재의 미관적 가치를 감소시켜 가격 경쟁력을 떨어뜨린다. 따라서 적기에 적정수분을 함유한 양질의 대단면재를 시공현장에 공급하기 위해선 인공건조기술이 개발되어야 한다. Large cross-section materials for wood preconditioning, which are mainly used as pillars in buildings, are also dried to restrain deformation of wood. At this time, the natural drying of large-sized timber for wood condition construction requires a long drying time, so it is difficult to supply materials in a timely manner when constructing wood condition, and the use of undried wood delivered excessively due to construction period increases the possibility of defects after construction. In addition, the occurrence of surface splitting, which is difficult to control by natural drying, reduces the aesthetic value of the member and thus lowers the price competitiveness. Therefore, artificial drying technology should be developed to supply high quality large-section materials to the construction site in a timely manner.
한편 본 발명과 관련된 선행기술로서 한국실용신안 등록 제0236295호에 길이방향을 따라 적어도 세 개의 브이커팅홈이 소정간격으로 형성된 장방형의 납짝한 목재 판재의 외측면에 장식용 스킨이 부착된 것을 상기 브이커팅홈 부분에서 소정각도로 접어서, 판재의 양측단 가장자리의 결합부에서 소정각도로 맞대어 접합시켜서, 내부에 중공부가 형성되도록 구성한 것을 특징으로 하는 중공식 가구용 목재골 조에 대한 내용이 있다.On the other hand, as a prior art related to the present invention in the Korean Utility Model Registration No. 0236295, the decorative skin is attached to the outer surface of the rectangular flat wood plate formed with a predetermined interval at least three v cutting grooves along the longitudinal direction Fold at a predetermined angle in the groove portion, there is a content for a hollow furniture wooden frame, characterized in that the hollow portion is formed so as to be joined to each other at a predetermined angle from the coupling portion of the edges of both sides of the plate.
그러나 상기 선행기술에 비해 본 발명은 건축용 대단면재의 제조에 있어서, 건축용 대단면재 재료에 중공을 성형하는 단계, 중공처리된 대단면재 재료를 열기건조하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 건축용 대단면재의 제조방법을 나타내고 있어 본 발명과 인용발명은 발명의 기술적 구성이 서로 상이하다.However, the present invention compared to the prior art, in the manufacture of large cross-section material for building, comprising the steps of forming a hollow in the large cross-section material for building, the step of heat-drying the hollow-treated large cross-section material of the building cross-section material The manufacturing method is shown and this invention and its invention differ from each other by the technical structure of this invention.
본 발명에서는 국산 목조건축 부재의 우량화와 국산재의 대량수요 촉진을 위한 목조건축 부재용 대단면재의 인공건조기술 적용 가능성을 타진하여 건조할렬 발생 억제와 적정 최종함수율재 공급에 의한 미관적 가치 증진 및 기계적 성능 균일화, 그리고 시공 후 하자 발생률을 저감시킬 수 있는 건축용 대단면재의 제조방법 제공을 목적으로 한다.In the present invention, the superiority of domestic wood preservation members and the applicability of artificial drying technology of large cross-section materials for wood preservation members to promote the mass demand of domestic materials can be investigated to suppress dry split generation and to enhance the aesthetic value by supplying the final final moisture content material. And to provide a method for manufacturing large cross-section materials for construction that can reduce the occurrence of defects after construction and uniform mechanical performance.
본 발명에 의해 형성된 건축용 대단면재는 종래 일반적인 목재에 비해 변형이 감소되고 압축강도가 우수할 뿐만 아니라 보다 가볍고 우수한 물성의 건축용 대단면재를 제공할 수 있다.Building large cross-section material formed by the present invention can provide a large cross-section material for construction of light and excellent physical properties as well as the deformation is reduced and excellent compressive strength compared to conventional conventional wood.
상기에서 언급한 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명은 건축용 대단면재의 제조에 있어서, 건축용 대단면재 재료에 중공을 성형하는 단계, 중공처리된 대단면재 재료를 열기건조하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 건축용 대단면재의 제조방법 을 나타낸다.The present invention for achieving the above-mentioned object in the manufacture of a large cross-section material for building, comprising the steps of forming a hollow in the building large cross-section material, the step of heat-drying the hollow-treated large cross-section material The manufacturing method of a large cross section is shown.
본 발명에서 건축용 대단면재는 원형 또는 각형을 사용할 수 있으며, 또한 건축용 대단면재에 형성된 중공은 원형으로 성형할 수 있다. In the present invention, the large cross-section material for building may use a circle or a square, and the hollow formed in the large cross-section material for building may be molded into a circle.
본 발명에서 건축용 대단면재는 지름이 15∼21cm인 원형의 대단면재 재료에 대하여 지름이 5∼9cm인 중공을 형성할 수 있다. 이때 원형의 대단면재 재료와 중공의 지름은 정(正)의 비례관계가 되도록 형성할 수 있다. In the present invention, the large cross-section material for building may form a hollow having a diameter of 5 to 9 cm with respect to a circular large cross-section material having a diameter of 15 to 21 cm. At this time, the circular large cross-section material and the diameter of the hollow may be formed to have a positive proportional relationship.
본 발명에서 건축용 대단면재는 한 변의 길이가 15∼21cm인 정각재의 대단면재 재료에 대하여 지름이 5∼9cm인 중공을 형성할 수 있다. 이때 정각재의 대단면재 재료와 중공의 지름은 정(正)의 비례관계가 되도록 형성할 수 있다.In the present invention, the large cross-section material for the construction may form a hollow having a diameter of 5 to 9 cm with respect to the large cross-sectional material of the right angle material having a length of 15 to 21 cm. At this time, the diameter of the large cross-section material and the hollow of the right angle member may be formed to be a positive proportional relationship.
본 발명에서 건축용 대단면재는 지름 또는 한 변의 길이가 15∼21cm인 원형 또는 정각재의 대단면재 재료에 대하여 지름이 5cm 미만인 중공을 형성하는 경우 비틀림, 갈라짐과 같은 목재의 변형이 일반적인 목재와 동등 수준 이상으로 나타나는 문제가 있고, 지름이 9cm 초과하는 중공을 형성하는 경우 압축강도가 중공을 형성하지 않은 목재에 비해 감소하는 문제가 있다. 따라서 본 발명에서 건축용 대단면재는 지름 또는 한 변의 길이가 15∼21cm인 원형 또는 정각재의 대단면재 재료에 대하여 지름이 5∼9cm인 중공을 형성하는 것이 좋다.In the present invention, the large cross-section material for building is hollow or less than 5 cm in diameter with respect to the large cross-section material of a circular or square material having a diameter or one side length of 15 to 21 cm. There is a problem, and when forming a hollow of more than 9cm in diameter there is a problem that the compressive strength is reduced compared to the wood does not form a hollow. Therefore, in the present invention, the large cross-section member for building is preferably formed with a hollow having a diameter of 5 to 9 cm with respect to the large cross-section material of a circular or square member having a diameter or one side length of 15 to 21 cm.
본 발명에서 건축용 대단면재에 중공의 형성은 건축용 대단면재에 손상을 입히지 않으면서 건축용 대단면재 내부에 중공을 형성할 수 있는 방법 내지 장치를 이용하여 건축용 대단면재에 중공을 형성할 수 있다. 일예로 본 발명에서 건축용 대단면재에 드릴을 이용하여 중공을 형성할 수 있다. 한편 본 발명에서 건축용 대단면재에 중공을 형성하는 것은 당업자가 적의 선택하려 실시할 수 있으므로 이하 자세한 내용은 생략하기로 한다.In the present invention, the formation of the hollow in the large cross-section material for building can be formed in the large cross-section material for building by using a method or apparatus capable of forming a hollow inside the large cross-section material for building without damaging the large cross-section material for construction. For example, in the present invention, it is possible to form a hollow using a drill on the large cross-section material for construction. On the other hand, to form a hollow in the large cross-section material for construction in the present invention can be carried out by those skilled in the art to select the following details will be omitted.
본 발명에서 건축용 대단면재의 재료는 통상적으로 건축용으로 사용하는 목재라면 어떠한 것이라도 사용할 수 있다. 본 발명에서 이러한 목재의 일예로서 소나무, 잣나무, 낙엽송, 전나무, 삼나무, 구상나무, 가문비나무 중에서 선택된 어느 하나를 사용할 수 있다.In the present invention, the material of the large cross-section material for building can be used as long as it is a wood normally used for building. As an example of such wood in the present invention can be used any one selected from pine, pine, larch, fir, cedar, globose, spruce.
상기에서 중공을 형성한 건축용 대단면재는 건조를 실시하여 목재의 비틀림, 갈라짐과 같은 변형을 억제하는 것이 좋다. 본 발명에서는 건축용 대단면재의 건조로서 인공건조 방법을 실시하는 것이 좋다. 본 발명에서 건축용 대단면재의 건조시 인공건조 방법중에서 열기건조 방법을 사용할 수 있으면 이러한 열기건조 방법으로 하기의 (1) 내지 (6)의 열기건조스케쥴에 의한 열기건조를 실시할 수 있다.The large cross-section material for the hollow formed in the above is preferably dried to suppress deformation such as torsion and cracking of wood. In the present invention, it is preferable to perform an artificial drying method for drying large cross-section materials for construction. In the present invention, if the hot air drying method can be used in the artificial drying method for drying the large cross-section material for construction, the hot air drying according to the hot air drying schedule of the following (1) to (6) can be performed.
(1)건조시작 후 5시간 동안 건구온도 64∼66℃, 습구온도 62∼64℃, 상대습도 89∼92％, (1) dry bulb temperature 64 ~ 66 ℃, wet bulb temperature 62 ~ 64 ℃, relative humidity 89 ~ 92% for 5 hours after start of drying.
(2)5∼8시간 동안 건구온도 69∼71℃, 습구온도 67∼69℃, 상대습도 89∼92％, (2) dry bulb temperature 69-71 ° C, wet bulb temperature 67-69 ° C, relative humidity 89-92% for 5-8 hours,
(3)8∼12시간 동안 건구온도 74∼76℃, 습구온도 72∼74℃, 상대습도 91∼93％, (3) dry bulb temperature 74-76 ° C., wet bulb temperature 72-74 ° C., relative humidity 91-93% for 8-12 hours,
(4)12∼20시간 동안 건구온도 79∼81℃, 습구온도 77∼79℃, 상대습도 91∼93％, (4) dry bulb temperature 79-81 ° C, wet bulb temperature 77-79 ° C, relative humidity 91-93% for 12-20 hours,
(5)20∼44시간 동안 건구온도 79∼81℃, 습구온도 72∼74℃, 상대습도 73∼75％, (5) Dry bulb temperature 79-81 ° C., wet bulb temperature 72-74 ° C., relative humidity 73-75% for 20-44 hours,
(6)44∼87시간 동안 건구온도 79∼81℃, 습구온도 67∼69℃, 상대습도 58∼ 60％(6) Dry bulb temperature 79 ~ 81 ℃, wet bulb temperature 67 ~ 69 ℃, relative humidity 58 ~ 60% for 44 ~ 87 hours
본 발명에서 다양한 열기건조스케쥴에 의해 건축용 대단면재의 건조를 실시한바, 본 발명의 목적에 부합하는 건축용 대단면재를 얻기 위해서는 중공을 형성한 건축용 대단면재에 전술한 열기건조스케쥴에 의해 건축용 대단면재를 건조하는 것이 좋다.In the present invention, the construction of a large cross-section material for drying according to the heat drying schedule according to the present invention, in order to obtain a large cross-section material for the building according to the object of the present invention, the large cross-section material for construction by the heat-drying schedule described above in the hollow building construction It is good to dry.
이하 본 발명의 내용을 실시예 및 시험예를 통하여 구체적으로 설명한다. 그러나, 이들은 본 발명을 보다 상세하게 설명하기 위한 것으로 본 발명의 권리범위가 이들에 의해 한정되는 것은 아니다.Hereinafter, the content of the present invention will be described in detail through examples and test examples. However, these are intended to explain the present invention in more detail, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
<실시예 1><Example 1>
(1)가공치수 및 수량(1) Machining dimensions and quantity
강원도 화천군 상서면 부촌리 49임반 마소반내 인공조림된 30년생 낙엽송을 재장 2.7m로 조재하여 공시재료로 사용하였다. 재장 2.7m로 조재된 낙엽송 원목으로부터 함수율 시험편을 채취하여 조사한 결과 평균함수율은 67％, 내층함수율은 70％, 중층함수율은 69％, 표층함수율은 63％였으며, 각 부위별 함수율 표준편차는 7.4％이내였다(표 1 참조). A 30-year-old larch tree, artificially stewed in 49 villages, Buchon-ri, Sangseo-myeon, Hwacheon-gun, Gangwon-do, Korea, was prepared with a material of 2.7m in length and used as a test material. As a result of collecting moisture test specimens from larch logs prepared with 2.7m of reclamation, the average moisture content was 67%, the inner water content was 70%, the middle water content was 69%, the surface water content was 63%, and the standard water content standard deviation was 7.4%. (See Table 1).
표 1. 원목 초기 함수율 분포 Table 1. Initial Moisture Distribution of Logs
원목으로부터 정각재 및 원주재로 가공한 후 부산물의 제재를 제외하고 산정한 제품수율은 평균 56.3％이었다(표 2 참조). The average product yield was 56.3%, except for the by-products, after processing from solid wood to solid and primary stocks (see Table 2).
표 2. 제품수율 Table 2. Product yield
강원도 화천군 상서면 부촌리 49임반 마소반내 인공조림된 30년생 낙엽송을 재장 2.7m로 조재하여 공시재료의 말구지름별 공시원목의 본수 및 가공치수는 하기의 표 3과 같다. 시험편은 말구지름에 따라 두께 150mm, 180mm 정각재와 지름 150mm, 210mm의 원주재로 제작하였으며, 각 치수에 따라 무처리재, 배할재, 중공재로 구분하여 가공하였다. 이때 중공재는 드릴을 이용하여 정각재와 원주재에서 중공을 형성하였으며, 배할재는 전기톱을 이용하여 시험편 일측에 배할을 형성하였다. 한편 각 시편 별 치수와 처리조건은 표 4-1, 표 4-2와 같다. Table 3 shows the number and processing dimensions of 30-year-old larch, which is artificially planted in Buban-ri, Bucheon-ri, Hwacheon-gun, Gangwon-do, Korea, with a length of 2.7m. The test pieces were made of 150 mm thick, 180 mm square, 150 mm, and 210 mm diameter cylindrical materials, and processed according to their dimensions. At this time, the hollow material was used to form a hollow in the right angle material and the circumferential material by using a drill, and the distribution material was formed on one side of the test piece using a chainsaw. The dimensions and treatment conditions for each specimen are shown in Table 4-1 and Table 4-2.
표 3. 가공치수 Table 3. Machining Dimensions
표 4-1. 정각재 시험편 치수 및 수량Table 4-1. Square Material Test Piece Dimensions and Quantity
표 4-2. 원주재 시험편 치수 및 수량Table 4-2. Raw material test piece dimensions and quantity
(2)열기건조스케쥴 적용(2) Applying hot dry schedule
중공재와 무처리 및 배할재의 건조속도를 고려하여 표 5-1, 표 5-2의 열기건조스케쥴을 적용하고 할렬발생 정도 및 소비동력을 평가하였다. The drying schedules of Table 5-1 and Table 5-2 were applied in consideration of the drying speed of the hollow material, untreated and drained material, and the degree of splitting and the consumption power were evaluated.
표 5-1. 무처리재 및 배할재의 열기건조스케줄Table 5-1. Hot-drying schedule of untreated and drained ash
표 5-2. 중공재의 열기건조스케줄Table 5-2. Hot-drying schedule of hollow materials
<실시예 2><Example 2>
상기 실시예 1의 (2)열기건조스케쥴 적용(표 5-1, 표 5-2 참조)하여 무처리 재, 배할재 및 중공재를 열기건조한 후 이들 각각의 처리구인 배할처리 및 중공가공의 할렬 발생 억제 효과(표 6-1, 표 6-2 참조)를 평가해 본 결과 원주재의 경우에는 배할처리 효과가 크고, 정각재의 경우 중공처리효과가 컸다. 특히 중공크기를 두께와 지름의 약 1/2로 하였을 경우 할렬 발생을 크게 억제할 수 있었다.After heat-drying the untreated material, the seed material and the hollow material by applying the (2) hot-drying schedule of Example 1 (see Table 5-1 and Table 5-2), the splitting of each of the treatment groups, the seed treatment and the hollow processing, was performed. As a result of evaluating the occurrence suppression effect (see Table 6-1 and Table 6-2), the effect of batch treatment was large in the case of the base material, and the hollow treatment effect was great in the case of the square material. Particularly, when the hollow size was about 1/2 of the thickness and diameter, splitting could be greatly suppressed.
표 6-1. 정각재를 열기건조 후 배할처리 및 중공가공 할렬 발생 억제 효과 Table 6-1. Inhibitory effect of splitting treatment and hollow processing splitting after hot drying
표 6-2. 원주재를 열기건조 후 배할처리 및 중공가공 할렬 발생 억제 효과Table 6-2. Inhibitory effect of splitting treatment and hollow processing splitting after heat-drying the main material
<실시예 2> 건조열량 및 소비동력Example 2 Drying Calorie and Consumption Power
상기 실시예 1의 (2)열기건조스케쥴 적용(표 5-1, 표 5-2 참조) 적용 자료를 이용하여 목재의 건조시 건조열량을 산출하였다. 무처리 및 배할재의 경우 재적은 1.353㎥, 생재비중 0.5, 생재함수율 45％, 최종함수율은 약 12％이므로 목질의 비열 0.324kcal/kg℃, 물의 비열 1㎉/㎏℃, 기화잠열 584㎉/㎏을 적용하면 건조에 필요한 열량은 188㎾h(161,613㎉ ×1.163 ×(10-3)㎾h/㎉)으로 계산된다. 중공재의 경우는 재적이 0.388㎥, 생재비중 0.5, 생재함수율 45％, 최종함수율 12％이므로 건 조에 필요한 열량은 54㎾h(46367㎉ ×1.163 ×(10-3)㎾h/㎉)이다. 이로써 건조에 필요한 총 열량은 242㎾h(188㎾h+54㎾h)임을 알 수 있다.(2) Hot drying schedule application (see Table 5-1, Table 5-2) of Example 1 was used to calculate the drying heat during drying of the wood using the application data. In the case of untreated and drained materials, the product capacity is 1.353㎥, raw material specific gravity 0.5, raw material content 45%, final water content is about 12%, so the specific heat of wood is 0.324kcal / kg ℃, the specific heat of water 1㎉ / ㎏ ℃, latent heat of vaporization 584㎉ / ㎏ When applying, the heat required for drying is calculated as 188㎾h (161,613㎉ × 1.163 × (10 -3 ) ㎾h / ㎉). In the case of hollow materials, the capacity is 0.388m3, 0.5% of raw material, 45% of raw water content and 12% of final water content. Therefore, the heat required for drying is 54㎾h (46367㎉ × 1.163 × (10 -3 ) ㎾h / ㎉). It can be seen that the total heat required for drying is 242 kH (188 kH + 54 kH).
건조기 열효율을 평가하기 위해 건조 중 적산전력계로 건조기 소비전력량을 측정한 결과 총 소비전력량은 489㎾h로 측정되었다. 따라서 건조기 열효율은 49.5％(건조열량 242㎾h/소비전력량489㎾h)로 평가되었다. 무처리재 및 배할처리재 건조에 소비된 전력량은 380㎾h로 초기함수율 45％에서 최종함수율까지 건조되는 동안 함수율 1％ 건조 당 소비전력량은 11.5㎾h/％MC (11.5㎾h/％MCㅧ860㎉/㎾h=9890㎉/％MC)으로 계산된다. 반면 중공처리재의 경우, 최종함수율에 도달할 때까지 소비된 전력량은 109㎾h로서 함수율 1％건조 당 소비전력량은 3.3㎾h/％MC(2838㎉/％MC)로 계산되었다.In order to evaluate the thermal efficiency of the dryer, the power consumption of the dryer was measured with an integrated power meter during drying. The total power consumption was 489 mAh. Therefore, the thermal efficiency of the dryer was evaluated as 49.5% (dry calorific value 242 kW / power consumption 489 kH). The amount of power consumed for drying the untreated material and the treated material was 380 mAh, while the power consumption per 1% moisture content during drying from the initial water content of 45% to the final water content was 11.5 mAh /% MC (11.5 mAh /% MC). 860 dl / dlh = 9890 dl /% MC). On the other hand, in the case of the hollow material, the amount of power consumed until the final water content was reached was 109 mAh, and the power consumption per 1% moisture content was calculated as 3.3 mAh /% MC (2838 mAh /% MC).
<실시예 3> 동일건조조건에서 무처리재와 중공재 건조속도 비교Example 3 Comparison of Drying Speed of Untreated Material and Hollow Material in the Same Drying Conditions
무처리정각재(한 변의 길이 150㎜ ×150㎜)와 중공정각재(중공지름 90㎜)의 30-10％ MC범위에서 각각 이들의 건조속도를 측정한바 중공재의 건조속도는 무처리재에 비해 1.6배 빨랐다(표 7 참조).The drying rate of the hollow material was measured in the range of 30-10% MC of the untreated regular square (150 mm × 150 mm on one side) and the heavy process square (90 mm of hollow diameter). 1.6 times faster (see Table 7).
표 7. 무처리재와 중공재 건조속도 비교Table 7. Comparison of Drying Speed of Untreated Material and Hollow Material
<실시예 4> 압축하중 지지성능 시험Example 4 Compression Load Support Performance Test
상기 실시예 1의 (2)열기건조스케쥴 적용(표 5-1, 표 5-2 참조)하여 무처리재, 배할재 및 중공재를 열기건조한 후 용량 150톤의 강도시험기에서 정적시험법에 의하여 중공재와 배할재, 무처리재의 압축강도 성능을 평가하였다. 대단면재 처리별 최대압축하중, 비례한계하중 및 압축강도는 도 1 내지 도 3에 나타내었다.Applying the (2) hot drying schedule (see Table 5-1, Table 5-2) of Example 1 by hot-drying the untreated material, drainage material and hollow material by a static test method in a strength tester of 150 tons capacity The compressive strength performances of the hollow, split and untreated materials were evaluated. The maximum compressive load, proportional limit load and compressive strength for each large cross-section are shown in FIGS. 1 to 3.
압축하중에 의한 파괴는 주로 할렬 발생부위에서 시작되었다. 최대압축하중과 비례한계하중 지지성능은 무처리, 배할처리, 중공처리 간에 차이가 없었다. 이는 중공처리에 의해 압축하중을 지지하는 단면의 크기가 줄어들더라도 건조할렬이 적게 발생하여 압축하중에 의한 응력을 분산시킬 수 있었던 것으로 판단된다. 압축강도는 대부분의 미성숙재를 제거시켜 재내 부위별 재질이 균일해진 9cm 중공재의 경우가 가장 컸다. Fracture due to compressive loads started mainly at the splitting site. There was no difference between the maximum compressive load and the proportional limit load carrying performance between no treatment, batch treatment and hollow treatment. It is believed that even if the size of the cross section supporting the compressive load is reduced by the hollow treatment, there is less dry splitting and thus the stress due to the compressive load can be dispersed. The compressive strength was the largest in the case of 9cm hollow material, which removed most of the immature material and made the material uniform in each part of the material.
상기 실시예에서 처럼 본 발명은 건축용 대단면재에 중공처리하여 열기건조시킨 결과 미성숙재 제거에 의한 재내 부위별 재질의 균일화, 건조속도의 증가, 소비전력량의 절감, 할렬 발생 억제에 의한 미관적 가치 상승 및 기계적 성능 균일화를 꾀할 수 있었으며, 부재 경량화에 의한 건축 시공 편리와 내부 함수율 균일에 의한 시공 후 하자의 발생률을 저감시킬 수 있다.As in the above embodiment, the present invention results in the aesthetic value increase by the uniformity of materials for each part of the material by removing the immature material, the drying speed, the reduction of power consumption, and the suppression of splitting. And uniformity of mechanical performance can be achieved, and the incidence of defects after construction can be reduced due to the convenience of building construction by weight reduction of members and the uniformity of internal moisture content.
상술한 바와 같이, 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 참조하여 설명하였지만 해당 기술 분야의 숙련된 당업자라면 하기의 특허청구범위에 기재된 본 발명의 사상 및 영역으로부터 벗어나지 않는 범위 내에서 본 발명을 다양하게 수정 및 변경시킬 수 있음을 이해할 수 있을 것이다. As described above, although described with reference to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, those skilled in the art will be variously modified and modified within the scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention described in the claims below. It will be appreciated that it can be changed.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS61288908A (en) | 1985-06-14 | 1986-12-19 | Hidetoshi Okawa | Manufacturing device for hollow lumber |
| JPH08313153A (en) * | 1995-05-12 | 1996-11-29 | Fujio Takehara | Crack preventive drying system for timber |
| KR19980077358A (en) * | 1997-04-18 | 1998-11-16 | 김진구 | Woodworking composite board and its manufacturing method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61288908A (en) | 1985-06-14 | 1986-12-19 | Hidetoshi Okawa | Manufacturing device for hollow lumber |
| JPH08313153A (en) * | 1995-05-12 | 1996-11-29 | Fujio Takehara | Crack preventive drying system for timber |
| KR19980077358A (en) * | 1997-04-18 | 1998-11-16 | 김진구 | Woodworking composite board and its manufacturing method |
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| Title |
|---|
| 원판 건조에 가압과 가열처리를 해주는 열판건조방법을 적용함으로써 원목의 가열시 발생하는 건조결함을 막아주는 건조방법[목재공학22(2); 61~70 ; 1994.) |
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