KR100593802B1 - Power system for switching center or base station - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a power supply unit of a communication switching station, wherein each large part used for the rectification circuit of the rectification module, the power factor correction circuit, the high speed rectification circuit, the output filter circuit, etc. is replaced with a small part, but for the processing of the same capacity. By arranging small parts in parallel, the total processing capacity is the same, but the size is greatly reduced and the rectification module is improved, and the three rectifier modules are arranged in one shelf, and the alternating current is exchanged from the AC distribution module to each shelf. Inputs are distributed through separate NFBs for each module, and EMI shielding circuits and rectifier circuits are shielded from other circuit blocks with electromagnetic shielding partitions, and heat sinks are separated by several circuit blocks. It is configured to increase heat dissipation efficiency and insulation effect. Therefore, when comparing the total power system, in the case of 5000A class capacity, 7 racks are conventionally installed, but in the present invention, only 3 rack structures are composed of basic rack, expansion rack, and DC distribution rack, which greatly reduces the installation area, efficiency and Provides a system with improved safety.

Rectifier, Power System, Switching Station, Base Station

Description

Power system for switching center or base station {Power system for a base station or a telephone exchange of telecommunication}

1 is a block diagram of a power supply system for a typical switching center or base station.

Figure 2 is an exemplary view showing one rack configuration of a 1000A-class system according to the prior art.

Figure 3 is an exemplary view showing an installation configuration of a 5000A-class system according to the prior art.

4 is a block diagram of a power supply system for a switching center or a base station according to the present invention;

5 is a block diagram of a rectifying module of a power supply system according to the present invention.

Figure 6 and Figure 7 is an illustration of the conventional system and the installation area and its configuration of the system according to the present invention.

Figure 8 is an exemplary view of mounting the PCB of the rectifying module according to the present invention.

Figure 9 is a photographic illustration of a 5000A class power system according to the present invention.

<Description of Symbols for Main Parts of Drawings>

11: Surge protection circuit and AC measuring unit 12: AC distribution module

13: rectification module 14: DC distribution module

15 battery 16 control module

10: EMI filter circuit 20: rectifier circuit

30: inrush current limiting circuit 40: power factor correction circuit

50: input smoothing circuit 60: switching / transformer circuit

70: high speed rectifier circuit 80: output filter circuit

90: reverse flow prevention circuit 100: control circuit

101: shielding partition 102: case

103: PCB 104: insulating paper

110: PWM controller 120: output protection circuit

130: load distribution circuit 140: alarm circuit

150: auxiliary power supply 160: input protection circuit

170: power factor PWM control unit

The present invention relates to a power supply device of a communication switching station, and more particularly, to a power supply system for a switching station or a base station, which has a small capacity while maintaining a large capacity of the rectifying module to reduce installation space and facilitate operation management.

Due to the rapid development of the wireless communication market, a base station network has been formed nationwide, and the power supply system required for base station operation has also developed quantitatively. However, each device has been miniaturized, lightened, and greatly improved in performance, but has not escaped from the classical method in the overall power supply system. That is, the conventional power supply device for the communication device accommodates the UPS and the rectifier as a separate device, and in case of power failure, the UPS converts the DC power of the battery into AC and supplies power, and the rectifier normally supplies AC input power. The DC converter and the battery were installed in parallel to supply direct current, but were configured to stably supply power to the communication device by the discharge of the battery during a power outage.

In the power supply system installed in a conventional switching center or base station, as shown in FIG. 1, the apparatus includes a surge protection circuit 1 for blocking a surge at an input power supply (for example, AC 380V) stage, and a surge protection circuit ( AC distribution module 2 for distributing power to each rectifying module at the rear stage 1), a plurality of rectifying modules 3 connected in parallel from the AC distribution module 2 to convert AC into direct current, and a plurality of them. A DC distribution module 4 for supplying charging power of the battery 5 to the common power supply at the rear end of the rectifying module 3 and outputting the switching center power through the DC distribution fuses in common with the power of the battery 5; It comprises a control module (6) for monitoring and controlling the state of the rectifying module (3) and the DC distribution module (4).

The power supply system of the general switching station or base station configured as described above converts the input power (AC 380 V) into the DC power in the rectifier module 3 to charge the battery 5 and distributes DC in common with the battery charging power. The module 4 is configured to supply a DC48V power supply (negative power supply) of the exchanger.

2 is an external configuration diagram of a 1000A class power system according to the prior art.

As shown therein, the AC distribution module 2 and the control module 6 are installed at the upper side in the single system housing, and the plurality of rectifier modules 3 are installed at the lower side thereof, and the distribution fuses of the DC distribution module. A battery fuse is installed to form a basic rack.

The basic rack is a module that performs 100 A AC-DC conversion rectification processing per one rectifier module 3, and shows that 10 rectifier modules 3 are mounted in the basic rack to form a 1000 A class system. In this case, the DC distribution module 4 may be configured as an independent rack equipped with a battery 5 as a PDR rack, and installed with a PDR rack as an expansion rack because a large number of batteries must be mounted.

Looking at the specifications of the basic rack according to the prior art, 880 (W) X 750 (D) X 1880 (H) (unit mm), one of the rectifying module 3, 126 (W) X 550 ( D) X 446 (H) in mm. Therefore, up to 10 rectifier modules can be mounted in the basic rack. This is because the size of the rectifier module 3 is large because of the size and mounting technology of the internal circuit and components, the installation space of the entire power system occupies very much.

FIG. 3 is an exemplary installation diagram of a 5000A class power system according to the prior art. As shown therein, a basic rack and an expansion having one size of 880 (W) X 750 (D) X 1880 (H) in mm is shown. In the rack, 10 rectifier modules of 100A each are mounted in one rack, and the system is configured to output up to 5000A by connecting five 1000A racks in parallel.

As described above, a power system installed in a conventional switching center or a base station is installed with 10 100A class rectification modules mounted in a rack, so that a maximum of 1000A class racks may be installed, and thus, systems having different areas of power system installation (eg; Compared to the exchange system), it occupies much more area, so there is a lot of difficulty in securing the space, and it is inconvenient to manage because a plurality of racks are installed in parallel.

The present invention is to reduce the installation space by reducing the size of the rectifier module significantly compared to the conventional rectifier module in order to solve the conventional problems as described above for communication to mount a large capacity rectifier module in one rack of the power system It is to provide a power system.

The rectification module according to the present invention replaces each of the large parts used in the rectification circuit, the power factor correction circuit, the high speed rectification circuit, the output filter circuit, and the like in the existing rectification module with small components, but for the processing of the same capacity By arranging them in parallel, the total processing capacity is the same, but the size of the rectifier module is greatly reduced.

In addition, the present invention shields the electromagnetic wave and the rectifier circuit from the rectifier circuit by the EMI filter circuit and the rectifier diode so that electromagnetic waves or harmonics generated in the high-voltage rectifier circuit in the circuit inside the rectifier module do not affect the high frequency switching transformer circuit or the high speed rectifier circuit. The barrier ribs are shielded from other circuit blocks, and the heat dissipation structure can be used to reduce errors, errors, and deterioration of components when using small components.

In addition, the present invention, it is possible to accommodate both AC 220V or AC 380V without changing the design for the input power, and to be able to selectively set the DC 24V or DC 48V output power also to increase the site-specific adaptability and to the installation and maintenance To provide convenience.

The power supply system for the switching center and the base station according to the present invention,

An AC distribution module for distributing the input power input through the surge protector to each rectifier module, a rectifier module for rectifying the AC power with a DC power supply, a DC distribution module for charging the battery and distributing the DC power and outputting it; In the power system that is installed and configured in a single control module for monitoring and controlling the state of each part,

The rectifier module receives an EMI filter circuit that blocks surge and EMI of an input power source, a rectifier circuit that converts AC of the filter circuit to DC through a bridge diode, and receives the DC of the rectifier circuit through an inrush current limiting circuit. A power factor correction circuit for compensating power factor, an input smoothing circuit for smoothing power factor corrected DC, a switching / transformer circuit for converting smoothed DC power at high speed by PWM control, and a high speed rectification for rectifying the transformed voltage. Circuit, an output filter circuit for filtering the rectified signal, a reverse flow prevention circuit for preventing reverse flow from the output stage, and outputting the feedback to control the PWM control, power factor PWM control, output protection and input protection, etc. It is configured to include a control circuit,

The rectifier circuit is configured to design and distribute the AC input bridge diode in two stages in parallel, and the power factor correction circuit designs the drive chokes in a four stage parallel circuit, and the output filter circuit has two output chokes. The winding method using a copper foil is configured in parallel, and the reverse flow prevention circuit is configured using a FET having a voltage droop of 0.2V.

In addition, the control circuit according to the present invention generates a control signal for input protection by comparing the voltage of the input smoothing circuit with an auxiliary power supply unit for receiving the power of the input smoothing circuit to supply power to each part, and the reference voltage. A power factor PWM control unit configured to receive an input protection circuit and a voltage of the input smoothing circuit to control power factor of the power factor correction circuit; An output protection circuit for generating an output compensation signal by comparing the output of said output filter circuit with a reference voltage; A load distribution circuit for receiving the voltage of the output terminal of the backflow prevention circuit as a reference voltage and controlling distribution of each load; An alarm circuit for receiving an alarm signal; The switching / transformer circuit is controlled by input signals of the input protection circuit, output protection circuit, load distribution circuit, and alarm circuit, and the switching / transformer circuit is controlled by PWM control based on a feedback voltage from the output filter circuit. Characterized in that it comprises a PWM control unit for controlling the.

In addition, the rectifier module according to the present invention, by applying a heat sink for each input and output of each circuit to increase the heat dissipation and heat dissipation effect, miniaturization, so as to separate the noise source to increase the insulation effect between the primary and secondary. In the present invention, by minimizing the mounting space by minimizing the mounting space by using close contact between the case and the PCB or between the PCB and the PCB, the PCB is designed as a four-layer substrate and integrated into the surface-mounted component design It is characterized by the miniaturization.

The power system according to the present invention using such a small rectifier module has a built-in AC distribution module in the basic rack and the expansion rack, and connects the expansion rack and the DC distribution rack, and up to 30 rectifier modules in one rack. It is characterized by realizing maximization of output power density per unit rack volume.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

4 is a block diagram of a power supply system of a communication switching center according to the present invention. As shown therein, a surge protection circuit and an AC measurement unit 11 for surge protection and AC measurement from an AC input, and an AC distribution module 12 for distributing AC power supplied through the surge protection circuit to each rectifier module. And a rectifier module 13 for converting the AC power distributed from the AC distribution module 12 into a DC power source and converting it into a DC voltage for a switch (DC 24V or DC 48V), and the output voltage of the rectifier module 13. And a battery 15 for charging the battery, a DC distribution module 14 for distributing and outputting the voltage of the battery 15 and the voltage of the rectifying module 13 to each load side, and the AC measurement signal and the respective rectifying modules. It consists of a control module 16 for monitoring and controlling the power supply system and sending out monitoring information and alarms.

In the present invention, the control module is configured to control up to 30 rectifier modules in one rectifier using I Square C (I ² C) communication method, input, output voltage and current, battery charge and discharge current It is configured to transmit the display and collected information to the outside through web, SNMP (UDP), CAN, modem (VT100), Telnet, and send out separate contact alarm. In addition, the battery charging current limit function is performed, and the battery compartment temperature is measured to configure the temperature compensation charging according to the temperature.

The power system of the present invention of FIG. 4 configured as described above is an example in which up to 30 rectifier modules are installed in one rack, and three rectifier modules are arranged in one shelf. , For example, consisting of 10 stages.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a rectifying module of a power supply system according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, an AC filter circuit 10 and an alternating current of the filter circuit 10, which perform surge and EMI blocking of an input power source, are connected to a bridge diode. Rectification circuit 20 for converting to direct current through the DC, power factor correction circuit 40 for compensating power factor by receiving DC from the rectifier circuit 20 through inrush current limiting circuit 30, and smoothing DC power factor corrected An input smoothing circuit 50 for fastening, a switching / transforming circuit 60 for high speed switching and transforming the smoothed DC power supply by PWM control, a high speed rectifying circuit 70 for rectifying the transformed voltage, and a rectified voltage. An output filter circuit 80 for filtering signals, a reverse flow prevention circuit 90 for preventing reverse flow from the output terminal, and outputting the feedback to the PWM control, power factor PWM control, and output protection and input protection. Configured to control the control circuit 100 .

The control circuit 100 receives an input of the power of the input smoothing circuit 50 and supplies an auxiliary power supply 150 to supply power to each part, and compares the voltage of the input smoothing circuit 50 with a reference voltage to protect the input. An input protection circuit 160 for generating a control signal for the power source; and a power factor PWM control unit 170 for controlling the power factor of the power factor correction circuit 40 by receiving the voltage of the input smoothing circuit 50; An output protection circuit 120 generating an output compensation signal by comparing the output of the output filter circuit 80 with a reference voltage; A load distribution circuit 130 for receiving distribution voltage of the output terminal of the backflow prevention circuit 90 as a reference voltage and controlling distribution of each load; An alarm circuit 140 for receiving an alarm signal; The switching / transformer circuit 60 is controlled by the input signals of the input protection circuit 160, the output protection circuit 120, the load distribution circuit 130, and the alarm circuit 140. And a PWM control unit 110 for controlling the switching / transformer circuit by PWM control based on the feedback voltage from 80).

Although not shown in detail in the drawing, the control circuit communicates with the control module, such as input protection, output protection, load distribution, and alarm control, by means of communication with the control module so that the administrator can monitor and transmit to a remote location. Is done.

The present invention is characterized in that the rectifier circuit 20 is configured to distribute and process AC input bridge diodes in two stages in parallel, and the power factor correction circuit 40 designs the drive chokes in four stages in parallel. The output filter circuit 80 has two output chokes in parallel with a winding method using a small copper foil, and the backflow prevention circuit 90 uses a FET having a voltage drop of 0.2 V to prevent backflow from the output stage. Configured to do so.

In addition, the EMI filter circuit 10 and the rectifier circuit 20 is configured to shield other blocks by the shielding plate 201 inside the rectifier module, the rectifier circuit 20, the switching / transformer circuit 60, the high-speed rectifier circuit 70 is configured by designing and applying separate heat sinks.

According to the present invention configured as described above, external noise or EMI is blocked by the EMI filter circuit 10 with respect to the input power source, and rectified by the rectifier circuit 20 by the bridge diode to the DC power source. Conventional rectifier modules, but the input side EMI filter circuit and the main switching circuit is a mixed configuration inside the module, in the present invention is shielded between the input side EMI filter circuit 10 and the main switching circuit with a mechanism and absorbed by the ground noise (conducting) , Radiation noise). That is, the shielding partition 101 shown in FIG. 5 is installed to minimize noise.

In the rectifier circuit 20, one AC input bridge diode is conventionally used, that is, one AC input bridge diode having a large capacity is used. However, in the present invention, the AC input bridge diode is designed in two stages in parallel. By reducing it to 1/2 compared to the size of V, and reducing the Vf (forward voltage drop), the current loss of one is distributed to two to reduce heat loss, thereby achieving high efficiency and miniaturization.

The power factor correction circuit 40 uses one large drive choke of the power factor correction circuit. However, in the present invention, the drive choke is miniaturized by designing the drive choke as a small four-stage parallel circuit as shown in the drawing. The power consumption of 15A per large capacity is distributed to four 800W class driving chokes, which are small in size and have high efficiency.

In addition, in the present invention, the heat dissipation heat dissipation design is designed differently from the conventional rectification modules, and in the past, the heat dissipation design was integrated by each circuit in the rectification module, and heat dissipation was performed in the present invention. By separating and maximizing the heat dissipation and heat dissipation effect, it is miniaturized. Also, each noise source is separated and the insulation effect between the primary and the secondary is improved.

In the present invention, as shown in Figure 8, as the mounting method of the mounting method of each board in close contact, conventionally was a mounting method to secure the separation space between the case and the PCB or between the PCB and the PCB. This requires a basic separation distance in order to reduce the effects of electromagnetic waves or heat radiation between each PCB, and the overall size is increased. On the contrary, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 8, the installation space is minimized by inserting and inserting the insulating paper 104 between the case 102 and the PCB 103 or between the PCB 103 and the PCB 103. It is miniaturized. It is possible to reduce the size and reduce the noise effect by distributing large components into small components in the circuit part, so that problems such as the effects of insulation and electromagnetic waves can be solved by inserting insulating paper.

In addition, although the output filter circuit 80 has conventionally used one large output choke, in the present invention, two small output chokes are improved by a winding method using copper foil to increase the degree of coupling to design a parallel structure for miniaturization and efficiency. Will be increased.

In addition, the reverse flow prevention circuit 90 of the output stage conventionally uses a diode to protect the output side between the rectifier modules, the voltage drop of the diode occurs about 0.7V. In contrast, in the present invention, the efficiency is increased by configuring as an ORING circuit using a FET (voltage drop 0.2V).

As described above, large parts are distributed into small and plural parts in each circuit part, PCB is also designed as a four-layer board, surface-mounted parts are integrated, and layout design is made using insulating paper to minimize the separation distance between each PCB. High efficiency and compactness by distributing multiple heat sinks in each circuit and designing the optimal air flow with two cooling fans at the front or the bottom for heat dissipation problems that can be caused by high integration and size reduction. Is an implementation of

As described above, in the present invention, since the rectification module can be miniaturized and configured, it is possible to design a structure in which up to 30 rectification modules can be mounted in one rack.

6 and 7 are diagrams comparing the conventional power supply system for switching stations and the power supply system for switching stations according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 6, when comparing the rectifier system, the size of the rectifier module is conventionally reduced to 1/7 in the present invention, and thus the battery can be mounted in the lower space. That is, conventionally, in addition to one rectifier rack, one more rack for battery mounting is required.

7 is a comparison of the exchange station large-capacity rectifier system, looking at the configuration of the 3000A, 5000A class rectifier rack, the conventional configuration requires five racks to mount 50 100A class rectifier modules, and the AC distribution and More DC distribution racks were needed, requiring a total of seven racks. On the contrary, in the present invention, since the rectification module is miniaturized to 1/7, up to 30 rectification modules can be mounted in one rack, and according to the present invention, seven racks are required according to the present invention. That is, it is possible to configure the rack, that is, the basic rack mounted with the rectifier module, the expansion rack and DC distribution rack only. In contrast to the overall installation area, the conventional size of 6030 x 750 x 1880 (unit mm) is 2280 x 750 x 1880 in the present invention can reduce the overall size.

9 is a photographic example of a 5000A class power system according to the present invention, in which 30 rectifier modules of 100A class are mounted in a basic rack (RECTIFIER 1 #), and 20 rectifier modules of 100A class in an expansion rack (RECTIFIER 2 #). It is mounted and constituted a total 5000A class system. PDR rack is added and DC distribution module is installed. Therefore, as shown in Figure 7, the existing power supply system 5000A class should be installed in only seven rack systems are installed in only three racks.

In addition, in the present invention, the drive choke of the power factor correction circuit 40 is distributed in four drive chokes with the most efficient capacity, and the power factor is controlled by the heat factor PWM controller 170 to compensate for the power factor. What was% is improved to 98% in the present invention, the efficiency is also improved from the existing 91% to 92%. In addition, by installing the shielding partition wall 101, the influence of harmonics is greatly reduced, and by designing the flow structure of the cooling air as well as the integration, the existing operating temperature of 0 to 50 degrees as the operating temperature of -20 to 60 degrees. The operating temperature range has been significantly improved, further enhancing safety against external environmental nutrients.

On the other hand, in the present invention, the input changeable structure and the input distribution design, the input is fixed at the time of manufacture, after installation on site after the installation or replacement of the corresponding rectification module in the factory during the step-up or step-down, input distribution is phase by phase Input is supplied to each rectifier module through wiring, and the input protection circuit breaker (NFB) for each rectifier module is mounted in the rectifier module. On the contrary, in the present invention, even after installation, the input (3-phase 380V, 3-phase 220V, single-phase 220V) structure can be easily changed to design the structure to accommodate all of the above input conditions, and the input distribution can be changed through each phase. It is designed to have miniaturization and safety by supplying input to self and installing separate input protection circuit breaker (NFB) for each module. That is, in the present invention, three rectifier modules are mounted on one shelf and connected to each shelf in an AC distribution module by a dongdae (a copper bus bar; a thick plate-shaped bar made of copper). By distributing and supplying the inputs, it is configured as a branching structure with three rectifier modules in each shelf to ensure the safety of the input distribution and simplify the installation structure.

As described in detail above, the present invention provides an effective configuration by miniaturizing the structure of the rectifying module and improving the efficiency and power factor in a power supply system installed in an exchange station or a base station. In the rectifier module according to the present invention, up to 30 units can be mounted in a single rectifier rack, and thus the installation area thereof is significantly reduced compared to a conventional system. In addition, the rectification module according to the present invention has the effect of easy expansion and field adaptability, easy maintenance and safe operation management.

Claims (6)

An AC distribution module for distributing the input power input through the surge protector to each rectifier module, a rectifier module for rectifying the AC power with a DC power supply, a DC distribution module for charging the battery and distributing the DC power and outputting it; In a power supply system for an exchange station or a base station, in which a control module for monitoring and controlling the state of each part is installed in one rack, The rectifier module includes an EMI filter circuit for blocking surge and EMI of an input power supply, a rectifier circuit for distributing AC current in a two-stage parallel configuration of a small AC bridge diode in a parallel configuration, and a direct current circuit of the rectifier circuit. The power factor is compensated for the power factor input through the inrush current limiting circuit, but the power factor correction circuit performs power factor correction by designing a small drive choke as a four-stage parallel circuit, an input smoothing circuit for smoothing the power factor compensated DC, and a smooth DC power supply. A switching / transformer circuit for converting the transformer by high speed switching by the PWM control, transforming the transformed voltage, and filtering the rectified signal. The output filter circuit consists of two output chokes connected in parallel by the winding method using small copper foil, and it is composed of an ORING circuit using a FET with a voltage drop of 0.2V to prevent backflow from the output stage. And a backflow prevention circuit and a control circuit for controlling the PWM control, the power factor PWM control, and the output protection and the input protection in response to the output power. The method of claim 1, wherein the control circuit, An auxiliary power supply unit which receives power of the input smoothing circuit and supplies the power to the operation power of each unit; An input protection circuit for generating a control signal for input protection by comparing the voltage of the input smoothing circuit with a reference voltage; A power factor PWM control unit which receives the voltage of the input smoothing circuit and performs power factor control of the power factor correction circuit; An output protection circuit for generating an output compensation signal by comparing the output of said output filter circuit with a reference voltage; A load distribution circuit for receiving the voltage of the output terminal of the backflow prevention circuit as a reference voltage and controlling distribution of each load; An alarm circuit for receiving an alarm signal; The switching / transformer circuit is controlled by input signals of the input protection circuit, output protection circuit, load distribution circuit, and alarm circuit, and the switching / transformer circuit is controlled by PWM control based on a feedback voltage from the output filter circuit. Power supply system for a switching center or base station comprising a PWM control unit for controlling the. The method of claim 1, wherein the rectifier module, And a shielding partition for shielding the EMI filter circuit and the rectifier circuit from other circuit blocks. The method of claim 1, wherein the rectifier module, And the rectifier circuit, the switching / transformer circuit, and the high speed rectifier circuit are each provided with separate heat sinks. The power supply system of claim 1, wherein the rectifier module is configured by closely arranging insulating paper between the case and the PCB or between the PCB and the PCB. The method of claim 1, wherein the rectifier module, Three rectifier modules are placed on one shelf, and the input AC power is distributed from each of the alternating distribution modules to each rectifier through a pod, and a separate input protection circuit breaker (NFB) is installed for each module on the pod of each shelve. A power system for a switching center or base station, characterized in that it is configured to distribute the input.

Images