KR100550359B1 - Construction method for reinforcing the ground using steel pipes and prestressed concrete piles - Google Patents
Construction method for reinforcing the ground using steel pipes and prestressed concrete piles Download PDFInfo
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- KR100550359B1 KR100550359B1 KR1020030027441A KR20030027441A KR100550359B1 KR 100550359 B1 KR100550359 B1 KR 100550359B1 KR 1020030027441 A KR1020030027441 A KR 1020030027441A KR 20030027441 A KR20030027441 A KR 20030027441A KR 100550359 B1 KR100550359 B1 KR 100550359B1
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- steel pipe
- ground
- pile
- grout material
- drilling
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 230000003014 reinforcing Effects 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000011513 prestressed concrete Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000000903 blocking Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/50—Piles comprising both precast concrete portions and concrete portions cast in situ
Abstract
본 발명은, 천공과 동시에 강관이 삽입되고, 천공 및 강관 삽입 후 에어 해머가 철수된 상태에서 강관 내부에 그라우트재를 충전하여 지반을 보강하는 공법에서 그라우트재를 절감하면서도 선단지지력과 주면마찰력을획기적으로 높이기 위한 것으로서, 천공과 동시에 강관을 삽입한 후 에어 해머를 철수하고, 강관 내에 적량의 그라우트재를 주입한 다음에 PC 말뚝을 삽입하며, 강관을 약간 인발한 상태에서 강관의 상단을 밀봉하고 압축공기를 주입하여 천공홀의 바닥 부근에 대한 그라우트재의 확산 침투를 유도하여 선단공간에 PC 말뚝의 선단지지력을 높이기 위한 고결부를 조성하고 동시에 잔여 그라우트재도 천공홀 내주면으로 침투시켜 PC 말뚝의 주면마찰력을 높이는 강관과 PC 말뚝을 이용한 지반 보강공법을 특징으로 한다.The present invention, while the steel pipe is inserted at the same time as the puncture, and the air hammer is withdrawn after the drilling and the insertion of the steel pipe, the grout material in the method of reinforcing the ground by filling the grout material inside the steel pipe while reducing the tip support and principal friction In order to increase the pressure, the steel pipe is inserted at the same time as the punching, the air hammer is withdrawn, the appropriate amount of grout is injected into the steel pipe, the PC pile is inserted, and the top of the steel pipe is sealed and compressed while the steel pipe is slightly drawn out. Injecting air induces diffusion of grout material near the bottom of the drilled hole to create a solidified part to increase the tip bearing capacity of the PC pile in the tip space, and at the same time, the remaining grout penetrates into the inner circumferential surface of the drilled hole to increase the main surface friction of the PC pile. And ground reinforcement using PC piles.
Description
도 1은 2중관형 로드에 결합된 에어 해머로 천공과 동시에 강관을 삽입할 때의 천공도1 is a perforation diagram when inserting a steel pipe at the same time perforation with an air hammer coupled to a double-tubular rod
도 2는 강관으로 그라우트재가 주입된 경우의 단면도2 is a cross-sectional view when the grout material is injected into the steel pipe
도 3은 강관에 그라우트재를 주입하고 PC 말뚝을 삽입한 경우의 단면도3 is a cross-sectional view when the grout material is injected into the steel pipe and the PC pile is inserted.
도 4는 강관이 제거된 후의 단면도4 is a cross-sectional view after the steel pipe is removed
도 5는 도 4의 횡단면도5 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 4.
<도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명><Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>
1: 로드 2: 에어 해머1: rod 2: air hammer
22: 세척 노즐 3: 강관22: washing nozzle 3: steel pipe
6: 그라우트재 7: PC 말뚝6: groutwood 7: PC pile
8: 막이 9: 호스공8: film 9: hose
10: 호스 11: 압축공기10: Hose 11: Compressed Air
a: 선단공간 b: 주위공간a: leading space b: surrounding space
본 발명은 천공과 동시에 강관을 삽입하고, 강관으로 그라우트재를 충전하여 지반을 보강하는 공법에 의해 구축되는 지중 말뚝의 선단지지력과 주면마찰력을 높일 수 있게 한 강관과 PC 말뚝을 이용한 지반 보강공법에 관한 것이다. The present invention is a ground reinforcement method using steel pipes and PC piles to increase the tip bearing capacity and the principal surface friction of the ground piles are constructed by a method of reinforcing the ground by inserting the steel pipe at the same time as the perforation, filling the grout material with the steel pipe It is about.
에어 해머를 이용하여 천공할 때 에어 해머에 선단이 키에 의해 잠가진 강관이 동시에 삽입되고, 천공 후에 에어 해머가 철수된 강관 내에 그라우트재를 주입하여 조성되는 속이 꽉 찬 강관 말뚝은 그라우트재의 충전과 그라우트재의 양생에 꽤 오랜 시간이 걸리기 때문에 공기가 더디다. When drilling by air hammer, the steel pipe with the tip locked by the key is inserted into the air hammer at the same time, and the solid steel pipe pile formed by injecting grout material into the steel pipe with which the air hammer is withdrawn is filled with grout material The air is slow because curing of grout takes a long time.
또, 천공홀은 거칠고 이에 대응하는 강관의 외주면은 매끈하여 상호간에 작용하는 마찰력, 즉 강관의 주면마찰력이 낮아 강관 말뚝에 재하되는 하중을 견디는 힘이 약하다. In addition, the perforation hole is rough and the outer circumferential surface of the corresponding steel pipe is smooth, and the frictional force acting on each other, that is, the main surface friction force of the steel pipe is low, and the force to withstand the load on the steel pipe pile is weak.
이러한 점에서 천공과 동시에 강관이 삽입되고, 천공 및 강관 삽입 후 에어 해머를 제거하고 강관 내부를 그라우트재로 충전하여 지반을 보강하는 공법에 있어서는 상기한 바와 같은 문제점을 해소하여 강관 말뚝에 의한 지반 보강효과를 높일 필요가 있다.In this respect, the steel pipe is inserted at the same time as the drilling, and the method of reinforcing the ground by removing the air hammer and filling the inside of the steel pipe with grout material to reinforce the ground after the drilling and the steel pipe insertion, reinforces the ground by the steel pipe pile. It is necessary to increase the effect.
천공과 동시에 강관이 삽입되고, 천공 및 강관 삽입 후 에어 해머가 철수된 상태에서 강관 내부에 그라우트재를 충전하여 지반을 보강함에 있어서 본 발명은 그라우트재의 수요가 적으면서도 수직하중에 대한 내력과 천공홀에 대한 강관의 주면마찰력을 대폭 증대시킬 있는 지반 보강공법을 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다.When the steel pipe is inserted at the same time as the punching, and the grout material is filled in the steel pipe in the state in which the air hammer is withdrawn after the drilling and the steel pipe is inserted, the present invention provides a load capacity and a hole for vertical load while the demand for the grouting material is low. It is an object of the present invention to provide a ground reinforcement method which can greatly increase the principal friction of steel pipes.
이러한 기술적 과제를 달성하기 위하여 본 발명은, 천공과 동시에 강관을 삽입한 후 에어 해머를 철수하고, 강관 내에 적량의 그라우트재를 주입한 다음에 PC 말뚝을 삽입하며, 강관을 약간 인발한 상태에서 강관의 상단을 밀봉하고 압축공기를 주입하여 천공홀의 바닥 부근에 대한 그라우트재의 확산 침투를 유도하여 선단공간에 PC 말뚝의 선단지지력을 높이기 위한 고결부를 조성하고 동시에 잔여 그라우트재도 천공홀 내주면으로 침투시켜 PC 말뚝의 주면마찰력을 높이는, 강관과 PC 말뚝을 이용한 지반 보강공법을 제안한다.
In order to achieve this technical problem, the present invention, while inserting the steel pipe at the same time as the puncture, withdraw the air hammer, injecting a suitable amount of grout material into the steel pipe, and then inserting the PC pile, the steel pipe in a state of drawing the steel pipe slightly Seals the top of the pipe and injects compressed air to induce diffusion penetration of grout material near the bottom of the drilled hole, forming a solid part to increase the tip bearing capacity of the PC pile in the tip space, and at the same time, the remaining grout material penetrates into the inner circumferential surface of the drilled hole We propose the ground reinforcement method using steel pipe and PC pile to increase the main surface friction of steel.
도 1에서, 본 발명의 지반 보강공법에서 사용하는 천공장치는 수관(11) 및 급기관(12)의 2중관 구조로 된 로드(1)와, 에어 노즐(21)에 세척 노즐(22)이 추가된 에어 해머(2)로 구성되어 있다.In FIG. 1, the cloth mill used in the ground reinforcement method of the present invention has a rod 1 having a double pipe structure of a water pipe 11 and an air supply pipe 12, and a cleaning nozzle 22 on the air nozzle 21. It consists of an additional air hammer 2.
수관(11)은 급기관(12)의 중심에 삽입된 채 세척 노즐(22)에 연결되어 천공시 지상의 펌프로부터 공급되는 세척수가 에어 해머(2)의 선단으로 분사되도록 공급하는 것이다. 급기관(12)은 에어 해머(2)를 주기적으로 가격하여 지반을 천공케 하는 압축공기용이다. 급기관(12)의 하단은 에어 노즐(21)에 연결된다.The water pipe 11 is connected to the washing nozzle 22 while being inserted into the center of the air supply pipe 12 to supply the washing water supplied from the ground pump at the time of drilling to the front end of the air hammer 2. The air supply pipe 12 is for compressed air for periodically punching the air hammer 2 to drill the ground. The lower end of the air supply pipe 12 is connected to the air nozzle 21.
에어 해머(2)는 외주면 상에 강관의 선단에 부착되는 슈(31)의 키홈에 끼우고 천공방향으로 돌려 잠가 상호 연결상태를 유지하고 또한 천공과는 반대방향으로 에어 해머(2)를 돌리면 슈(31)에 주어진 키홈에 대한 잠금상태 및 연결상태가 해제되는 키를 가진 것이다. 세척 노즐(22)은 에어 해머(2)의 단면의 중심을 수직으로 관통하도록 천공되어 있다. 로드(1)의 하단에 에어 해머(2)를 결합하면 세척 노즐(22)의 상단은 수관(11)의 하단에 직결되어 세척수의 공급이 가능해진다. 강관(3)은 선단에 슈(31)가 용접된 것으로 특허 제264614호에 개시되어 있다.The air hammer (2) is inserted into the key groove of the shoe (31) attached to the tip of the steel pipe on the outer circumferential surface and turned in the drilling direction to lock and maintain the interconnected state, and also to turn the air hammer (2) in the opposite direction to the drilling, The lock state and connection state for the keyway given in (31) are released. The cleaning nozzle 22 is perforated to vertically penetrate the center of the cross section of the air hammer 2. When the air hammer 2 is coupled to the lower end of the rod 1, the upper end of the washing nozzle 22 is directly connected to the lower end of the water pipe 11 so that the washing water can be supplied. The steel pipe 3 is disclosed in Patent No. 264614, in which a shoe 31 is welded to its tip.
로드(1)의 선단에 에어 해머(2)를 연결하여 대구경 강관(3)의 상단으로 집어 넣고 수직으로 세운 다음에 천공작업에 돌입한다. 천공작업이 진행되는 동안 세척 노즐(22)로 고압의 세척수가 분사된다. 분사되는 세척수는 에어 해머(2)의 선단과 그 주변의 천공칩을 청소한다. 일단 분사된 세척수는 어디로든 새어나가야 한다. 에어 해머(2)와 세척 노즐(22)의 구조상 강관(3)과 천공홀(4) 사이의 틈이 유일한 세척수용 탈출구다. The air hammer (2) is connected to the tip of the rod (1) to be inserted into the upper end of the large-diameter steel pipe (3), erected vertically, and then enters the drilling operation. High pressure washing water is injected into the washing nozzle 22 during the drilling operation. The sprayed washing water cleans the tip of the air hammer 2 and the perforated chips around it. Once sprayed, the wash water must leak out everywhere. The gap between the steel pipe 3 and the perforation hole 4 in the construction of the air hammer 2 and the cleaning nozzle 22 is the only way out for the wash water.
천공칩(5)이 뒤섞인 세척수가 강관(3) 주위의 틈을 비집고 부상하면서 천공홀(4)의 내주면 중에서 뻘과 흙 같이 연한 부분을 훑으면서 지상으로 분출됨에 따라 천공홀(4)의 내주면에는 경질지반이 드러나게 된다.As the washing water mixed with the punching chip 5 emerges through the gap around the steel pipe 3 and floats to the ground while scrubbing the soft part such as soil and soil from the inner peripheral surface of the drilling hole 4, the inner peripheral surface of the drilling hole 4 Hard ground will be revealed.
도 2에서, 천공작업을 마치고나서 통상의 방법으로 압축공기와 세척수의 공급을 중단하고, 로드(1)를 역천공방향으로 틀어서 키가 슈(31)의 키홈에서 빠져나오게 한 후 인상하여 에어 해머(2)를 철수한다. 그러면 천공홀(4)에는 강관(3)이 슈(31)와 함께 잔류하고, 강관(3)의 선단에는 선단공간(a)이 남으며 강관(3)의 주위에는 천공홀(4)의 내주면 사이로 세척수가 배출될 때 조성된 주위공간(b)이 남는다. In Fig. 2, after the drilling operation is finished, the supply of the compressed air and the washing water is stopped by the usual method, and the rod 1 is twisted in the reverse drilling direction so that the key escapes from the key groove of the shoe 31 and then lifts the air hammer. Withdraw (2). Then, the steel pipe 3 remains with the shoe 31 in the drilling hole 4, the tip space a remains at the tip of the steel pipe 3, and between the inner circumferential surface of the drilling hole 4 around the steel pipe 3; When the wash water is discharged, the created ambient space (b) remains.
도 3에서, 상기 강관(3) 속에 그라우트재(6)를 주입하고, PC 말뚝(7)을 삽입한 다음에 강관(3)을 2∼3m 인발하고, 중앙에 호스공(9)이 천공된 막이(8)로 강관(3)의 상단을 막은 상태에서 호스공(9)에 호스(10)를 끼우고 압축공기(11)를 주입한다. 강관(3) 속으로 주입되는 압축공기(11)에 의하여 천공홀(4)의 바닥과 그 부근 지반의 틈으로 그라우트재(6)가 집중 침투하고, 그 윗부분의 그라우트재는 나머지 천공홀 부위의 지반으로 침투된다. 이후, 그라우트재(6)의 침투가 충분히 이뤄진 것으로 판단된 시점에서 압축공기(11)의 주입을 중단하고 강관(3)을 제거하면 도 4 및 도 5와 같은 양상을 띈다. In FIG. 3, the grout material 6 is injected into the steel pipe 3, the PC pile 7 is inserted therein, the steel pipe 3 is drawn 2 to 3 m, and a hose hole 9 is drilled in the center. In the state of blocking the upper end of the steel pipe (3) with the membrane (8), the hose 10 is inserted into the hose hole (9) and the compressed air (11) is injected. The grout material 6 penetrates into the bottom of the drilling hole 4 and the ground of the adjacent ground by the compressed air 11 injected into the steel pipe 3, and the grout material of the upper part is the ground of the remaining drilling hole. Penetrates into. Subsequently, when the penetration of the grout material 6 is determined to be sufficient, the injection of the compressed air 11 is stopped and the steel pipe 3 is removed.
그라우트재(6)가 경화되었을 때 선단공간(a)의 고결부는 강관(3)과 PC 말뚝(7)의 선단지지력을 높여주고, 주위공간(b)의 고결부는 거친 천공홀(4)의 내주면에 속속들이 채워져서 강관(3)에 대한 주면마찰력을 높이게 된다.When the grout material 6 is hardened, the freezing portion of the tip space (a) increases the tip bearing capacity of the steel pipe (3) and the PC pile (7), and the freezing portion of the surrounding space (b) has an inner circumferential surface of the rough hole (4). Filled in one after another to increase the principal friction for the steel pipe (3).
이상 설명한대로, 에어 해머로 지반에 대한 천공과 동시에 강관이 삽입되는 지반 보강공법에 있어서, 에어 해머를 통해 세척수를 분사하여 강관과 천공홀 사이의 틈을 거쳐 지상으로 천공칩을 배출시키는 과정에서 천공홀의 바닥과 내주면의 뻘, 점토, 흙과 같은 연약토가 함께 제거하여 단단하고 넓은 선단공간과 주위공간 을 확보하고, 에어 헤머를 철수한 후 강관 속에 적량의 그라우트재를 주입하고 PC 말뚝을 삽입한 다음에 강관을 적당히 인발해 놓고 압축공기를 주입하여 천공홀 부근의 지반으로 그라우트재를 침투시킨 다음에 강관을 제거하는 새로운 공법에 의하면 선단공간에 조성되는 고결부는 PC 말뚝의 선단지지력을 높여주고 PC 말뚝 주위의 고결부는 PC 말뚝의 주면마찰력을 증대시키므로 지반 보강효과가 크다. As described above, in the ground reinforcement method in which a steel pipe is inserted at the same time as the drilling of the ground with an air hammer, the drilling is carried out in the process of discharging the drilling chip to the ground through the gap between the steel pipe and the drilling hole by spraying the washing water through the air hammer. Soft soils such as soil, clay and soil at the bottom of the hole are removed together to secure hard and wide tip space and surrounding space.After evacuating the air hammer, the grout material is injected into the steel pipe and the PC pile is inserted. Next, draw the steel pipe properly, inject compressed air, infiltrate the grout into the ground near the hole, and then remove the steel pipe. The freezing part around the pile increases the surface friction of the PC pile, so the ground reinforcing effect is great.
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| KR100871726B1 (en) * | 2006-04-25 | 2008-12-02 | (주)다이크 | Piling method for reducing negative skin friction and the pile structure constructed by the piling method |
| CN105040680A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-11-11 | 曹小骥 | Construction method of vibration concrete pouring thick-wall tubular pile |
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| KR100731573B1 (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2007-06-22 | 주식회사 하이콘엔지니어링 | Carrier construction method of double track tunnel |
| KR100829872B1 (en) * | 2007-02-05 | 2008-05-16 | 건양씨엔이 (주) | Enterance vertical manhole structure propulsion and replacement construction methods and devices |
| KR100975409B1 (en) * | 2007-09-13 | 2010-08-11 | 중앙지하개발(주) | System for double-drilling |
| KR101112149B1 (en) * | 2007-09-13 | 2012-02-22 | 중앙지하개발(주) | Micro-pile method |
| CN102345287B (en) * | 2010-08-01 | 2015-02-25 | 常雷 | Construction method of large-diameter cast-in-situ thin-wall concrete composite pile forming device |
| CN102605788A (en) * | 2012-04-01 | 2012-07-25 | 上海振中机械制造有限公司 | Double-tube-sinking and inner-tube-drawing bored cast-in-place pile construction method and application |
| CN104452754B (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-05-11 | 中铁二十三局集团有限公司 | Prestressed concrete pipe pile construction method |
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| CN105040680A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-11-11 | 曹小骥 | Construction method of vibration concrete pouring thick-wall tubular pile |
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