JPS6339513B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an operation control device for a passenger conveyor such as an escalator or an electric road, and particularly relates to a passenger conveyor that can automatically perform economical operation by detecting passengers. The present invention relates to an operation control device.

[Conventional technology]

Generally, passenger conveyors such as escalators, unlike elevators, are currently operated at all times regardless of the presence or absence of passengers. However, it is extremely uneconomical to keep an escalator in operation at all times, as it is not known whether it will be used or not, and is contrary to power saving. On the other hand, escalators have been staffed to operate depending on the presence or absence of passengers, but this is not practical as the labor cost is greater than the power saving cost.

Therefore, it is possible to stop the operation of the escalator when there are no customers, detect when a customer approaches the escalator and automatically start operation, or set the operation time. Driving method is being done.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, in the former case, customers often see the escalator stopped from outside the detection area and decide not to use the escalator, resulting in poor service. For this reason, it is possible to widen the detection area to detect passengers and have the escalator operate automatically to notify that the escalator is in operation, but in this case, passersby other than passengers may also be detected. This results in unnecessary driving. In addition, in the latter case, since the operating hours are fixed, the service to customers outside of operating hours is naturally poor, and the location where the escalator is installed (for example, a station) is specified (e.g., a train station), and escalators cannot be installed in hotels, banks, hospitals, department stores, etc. It is impossible to apply it to places where the usage time is unspecified.

[Means to solve the problem]

The present invention provides a first wiring disconnector connected between a three-phase induction motor and an AC power source, a star contactor and a delta contact for switching the connection of the three-phase induction motor to star connection and delta connection. When there are many passengers, the star contactor is opened and the delta contactor is turned on, and when there are few passengers, the delta contactor is opened and the star contactor is turned on. a passenger detector that emits a signal;
When one of the star contactor or the delta contactor is connected in series to either the star contactor or the delta contactor, and the other is turned on with one of the star contactor or the delta contactor welded, the first wiring wire disconnector A second wiring switch and disconnector are installed to quickly operate and issue a command to continue operation by connecting the wires on the welded contactor side, so that the efficiency and power factor of the three-phase induction motor can be utilized within a high range. The system was designed to ensure economical operation while also ensuring service to passengers.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with respect to an escalator shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. Reference numeral 1 denotes an escalator tread, which is endless and extends almost the entire length of the escalator. A balustrade 2 having a length approximately corresponding to the entire length of the tread plate 1 is disposed in the side direction of the tread plate 1, and the balustrade 2 has a length corresponding to the entire length of the tread plate 1.
A handrail 3 is supported which moves in synchronization with the handrail 3. Reference numeral 4 denotes a drive device, which is composed of a three-phase induction motor 5 and a speed reducer 6. This drive device 4 drives the footboard 1 via a chain 7, and also drives the handrail 3. On the other hand, a lower boarding floor 8A and an upper boarding floor 8B are provided at the upper and lower portions of the escalator, respectively, and all of the above parts, including the parts, are supported by a support frame F installed within the building floor.

FIG. 3 shows a part of the electric circuit of the escalator according to the embodiment of the present invention, in which the three-phase induction motor 5 has a first wiring disconnector 13 and an electromagnetic contactor 11, 12 for switching the driving direction. Through AC power supply 9
Receives power supply from. Now, when the passenger conveyor is started, the star contactor S is energized, and either the electromagnetic contactor 11 or 12 is energized to perform upward or downward operation. That is, the three-phase induction motor 5
is activated in a star connection.

The running resistance of the passenger conveyor when there are no passengers is less than 20% of the transport capacity, and it can run satisfactorily even with a star connection, which reduces the torque to 1/3.

Next, when a passenger gets on board, the power consumption of the three-phase induction motor 5 increases. This increase in power consumption is caused by, for example, a person weighing 50Kgf (500N) running at a speed of 30Kgf (500N).
The net amount of work when riding on a general escalator with a speed of m/min and an inclination angle of 30 degrees is 125 watts, so the power consumption is the value of this net amount of work divided by the overall efficiency η ₀ , which is 145 to 150 watts. When this increased power or current reaches a certain level while being detected by the load detection controller 8, a detection signal is generated and the star contactor S is switched to the delta contactor D, thereby entering delta connection operation.

That is, the present invention has the effect of reducing the power consumption of the passenger conveyor by automatically operating the star connection when there are few passengers and automatically operating the delta connection when there are many passengers.

This will be explained in detail using the characteristics of the three-phase induction motor 5. Figure 4 shows the input/output relationship including the efficiency of the reducer, and shows that the star connection requires less input power up to a reducer output of about 4kw. Figure 5 shows the current characteristics of the motor with respect to the reducer output. It is operated with star connection up to 14A (output 4kw), and when the current increases further, it is changed to delta connection. After changing to delta connection, the number of passengers decreases, and the current becomes 17A. (output 3.3kw)
This indicates that the star connection should be restored when the number decreases to . An example of this specific circuit is shown in FIG. 6, and its operating state will be explained using FIG. 3. _{In Figure} 6 _, during _star connection _{, the auxiliary a contact} E _D ′ is printed. (E _D ' is set by the Zener diode 17 so that E _{D '} < E _D so that E _{D '} remains constant even if E R fluctuates.) Therefore, the base current I _B = E _D ' /( _R2 + _R3 )
flows as a bias current, and a collector current amplified by the current amplification degree flows and excites R _y , so R _y is on. On the other hand, if the turns ratio of the current detector 14 that detects the current I _L of the three-phase induction motor is 1:N, a current I _L ' proportional to I _L /N acts in the direction of blocking the bias current. Therefore, the motor current I _L increases, and in the example shown in FIG _.
When becomes 14A, the base current becomes almost 0,
Set R ₂ + R ₃ so that R _y is off. a of this R _y
Since the contact star contactor S is used as the excitation circuit, and the b contact is used as the excitation circuit for the delta contactor D, R _y is
When turned off, the star contactor S is immediately disconnected, the delta contactor D is closed, and the three-phase induction motor 5 is switched from star connection to delta connection. When the delta connection is adopted, the motor current I _L increases even if the output is the same, as shown in FIG. (For this reason, it is not possible to return from delta connection to star connection unless the bias current I _B mentioned above is increased.) Since the resistor _R2 in FIG. 6 is configured to be short-circuited by the auxiliary a contact X _a1 of the delta contactor D,
When the three-phase induction motor 5 becomes delta-connected, the above-mentioned bias current I _B increases. Therefore, if the number of passengers decreases and the motor current I _L decreases after changing to delta connection, the star connection will be restored at a higher current value than the current value when switching from star connection to delta connection. Therefore, a change from star to delta can be set by _R2 + _R3 , and a change from delta to star can be set by _R3 . In addition, in Figure 6,
10 is a current detector, 15 and 16 are diodes, 1
8 is a full wave rectifier, C ₂ and C ₃ are capacitors, R ₁ to _{R 6}
is a resistor.

By the way, as described above, switching between star and delta connections is performed by opening and closing star contactor S and delta contactor D. If this opening/closing time is long, a difference in rotational speed will occur during switching, causing discomfort to passengers. Therefore, it is preferable that this switching time, that is, the time from deenergizing the star contactor S to energizing the delta contactor D, be as short as possible. However, if a contactor that is energized is suddenly disconnected, an arc will occur, and even though it is mechanically open, there is a time when it is electrically connected, so if this switching time is made too short, it will only take a short time. may cause a short circuit between lines. If a short circuit occurs between the lines, a large current will flow, which may cause the contacts of the contactor to weld. If welding occurs, it will completely lead to a short circuit between the phases, causing the first wiring sheath breaker 13 to trip and the escalator to stop. become. For this reason, the present invention provides a second wiring sheath disconnector 14 in series on the star contactor S side, as shown in FIG. 3, so that when the delta contactor D is welded, the star contactor S is turned on. The second wiring sheath breaker 14 is configured to trip before the first wiring sheath breaker 13. Auxiliary a contact that operates when the second wiring sheath breaker 14 trips
X _a2 is open circuited and the trip indicator light is turned off as shown.
PL ₁ lights up. The auxiliary a contact X _a2 in Fig. 3 is the 6th
Since it is the auxiliary a contact X _a2 in the figure, R _y is deenergized and the delta contactor D is energized, so the motor 5 is operated with delta connection. That is, if the delta contactor D is welded during long-term use, the second wiring sheath breaker 14 is tripped to perform delta operation, and the escalator continues to operate to ensure service. It is something. When this trip is recognized, it is natural that star and delta operation will be possible again if the welded part is repaired after the operation is completed.

As explained above, according to this embodiment, the star connection operation is performed when there are few passengers, and the delta connection operation is performed when there are many passengers, so the efficiency and power factor of the electric motor can be used within a high range. , the waste of power due to escalator operation can be minimized. Furthermore, since the train is always operated at the same speed even when the train is closed, service to passengers will not be degraded.

Furthermore, escalators are important to be quiet, especially when they are closed, as there is little surrounding noise.
Noise during no load is considered to be a problem. In the present invention, since the star connection is used during the disconnection, the electric current of the motor is small, and therefore, there is an effect that the electromagnetic noise is reduced.

In addition, as in this example, it is easy to work on ready-made escalators because it only requires adding two contactors for star and delta switching, one breaker for the second wiring, and a simple current detection circuit. Not only can the contactor be installed in the same way, but even if the contactor is welded, the escalator can continue to operate and maintain service.

In addition, the second wiring sheath breaker 14 may be installed in series with the delta contactor D as shown in FIG. Although there is a risk of this happening, normally it will be a power-saving operation.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, in the present invention, the passenger conveyor is operated in a star connection when there are few passengers, and in a delta connection when there are many passengers, and a protection device is provided. It is possible to provide an operation control device for a passenger conveyor that can efficiently use an electric motor without degrading service to passengers, and can therefore automatically perform economical operation.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a schematic side view showing an escalator to which the present invention is applied, Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing the escalator drive device, Fig. 3 is the electric circuit of the escalator shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 4 is a reduction gear. Input/output characteristics, including
Figure 5 shows the current characteristics of the motor with respect to the reducer output.
FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of the star-delta switching detection circuit, and FIG. 7 shows a modified example. 1... Stepboard, 2... Balustrade, 3... Handrail, 4... Drive device, 5... Three-phase induction motor, 8
...Load detection controller, 9...AC power supply, 13...
1st wiring sheath breaker, 14...second wiring sheath breaker, S...star contactor, D...delta contactor.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A stepboard connected in an endless manner, a handrail arranged along the side traveling direction of the stepboard, a handrail supported by the handrail and rotated in synchronization with the stepboard, and the stepboard and handrail. a first wiring line disconnector connected between the three-phase induction motor and an AC power source;
A star contactor and a delta contactor for switching the connection of the three-phase induction motor to star connection and delta connection, and detecting the number of passengers and opening the star contactor and turning on the delta contactor when there are many passengers. a passenger detector which generates a signal to open the delta contactor and turn on the star contactor when there are few passengers; and a passenger detector connected in series to either the star contactor or the delta contactor and to the star contactor. Alternatively, when one of the delta contactors is welded and the other is turned on, the first wiring switch operates faster than the first wiring disconnector and issues a command to continue operation with the welded contactor connected. 2. An operation control device for a passenger conveyor, characterized in that it is provided with a wiring cutter and a disconnector.