JPS6335917B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a heat insulating material and a method for installing the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a heat insulating member for heat insulating a surface, a method for applying heat insulation to a surface, and an attachment means for attaching the heat insulating material to a surface. Still more specifically, the present invention has particular application to high temperature insulation members for furnace surface insulation and to installing high temperature insulation materials within furnaces to insulate furnace wall surfaces.

Internal surfaces of the walls of the furnace (walls, ceilings, internal door surfaces,
The problems with insulating other insulated interior surfaces are well known. Historically, the interior of high temperature furnaces was lined with bricks that could withstand various types of high temperatures. However, once the brick lining has worn out, replacing the old brick with a new brick lining is a tedious and time consuming task.

These disadvantages of brick linings, combined with the demand for more effective and higher temperature linings, have led to the use of insulating fiber materials, such as ceramic fiber materials, to provide insulation, or at least to provide a hot surface of insulation. I led.

The ceramic fiber material referred to in the present invention is
Generally, it is available in the form of ceramic fiber blankets, which are normally manufactured in a manner similar to conventional papermaking methods. The fibers making up the blanket are therefore oriented in a plane parallel to the longitudinal direction of manufacture of the blanket or sheet.

When a cross-section of such a blanket or sheet is cut to form a mat or batt, and applied as is to the inner surface of the furnace, the mat or batt lies in a plane approximately parallel to the surface to which it is attached. It takes the form of a blanket with ceramic fibers lying on top.

In the application of a blanket shape to the surface of such a furnace, the majority of the fibers of the ceramic material tend to lie in a direction that tends to be colinear with the direction of formation of the blanket itself, although a significant number of fibers tend to lie more or less Takes a tandemly arranged orientation. When the fibers are placed in a plane parallel to the furnace, the fiber blanket material generally exhibits a tendency to form cracks resulting from thermal shrinkage.

Furthermore, when ceramic fiber insulation is used in blanket form, devitrification occurs due to the high temperature environment, resulting in cracking and delamination problems.

Attempts have been made to overcome the problems presented in using ceramic fibers in blanket form by cutting fiber strips from sheets so formed in a direction transverse to the direction of sheet formation. .

These pieces are cut from the fiber sheet at a thickness that represents the required linear distance from the cold side to the hot side of the insulating fiber mat. The cut strips are then placed edge-to-edge and lengthwise side-by-side using a significant number of strips to provide the desired width of the mat.

Of course, the thickness of the fibrous sheet from which these strips are cut will determine the number of strips needed to construct the mat of desired width.

By applying such strips to the internal furnace surface, the fibers of the ceramic fiber material extend in a direction transverse to the internal surface of the furnace wall, and the fiber surfaces extend transversely to the internal surface of the furnace wall. As a result, problems such as devitrification, layer separation, shrinkage, and cracking are significantly reduced.

Furthermore, since ceramic fiber materials are elastically compressible (or at least compressible with a limited degree of elasticity), placing the strips abutting each other will reduce the gap between adjacent strips as a result of shrinkage during use. It is possible to avoid voids formed in the

Whether the insulation is used in blanket or strip form, some suitable means is required to secure the insulation to the inner surface of the furnace wall. Various methods have been tried to achieve this objective. Thus, for example, if the insulation is used in blanket form, pins or studs may be pre-welded to the furnace wall, and the insulation may then be secured to the pins or studs and secured in place by means such as nuts.

This method is disadvantageous because the pins or studs have to be pre-placed in a special layout on the furnace wall. This has the disadvantage that the placement of the pins or studs cannot be easily changed as required. Furthermore, because the pins or studs penetrate the insulation, they are exposed to the temperatures within the furnace and conduct heat from the furnace directly to the furnace walls. This is not only wasteful, but also creates unwanted hot spots on the furnace walls.

If the insulation is used in strips, the strips can be fixed to the furnace wall by means of brackets pre-welded to the furnace wall, and the strips can be attached to the brackets, such as by wire passing through the fiber strips. is fixed to.
This also has the disadvantage that the brackets must be pre-welded in a special layout, making repositioning impossible or impractical. This also has the disadvantage that the handling of the strips is cumbersome and time-consuming.

To overcome these drawbacks, attempts have been made to attach the insulation to the furnace wall by mounting the insulation on a block of hard ceramic material or on a support sheet or panel to form a module. These modules can be handled separately and attached to the furnace wall by placing rigid block sheets or panels on the furnace wall.

While this modular approach offers many advantages, it still presents the problem of effectively mounting insulation on rigid block sheets or panels, as the case may be. If the backing sheet is in the form of a hard block,
The fibers can be attached to the backing sheet by threading the wires or rods through the insulation and then tying the wires or rods to the backing sheet at intervals and attaching them with wire or the like. This solution, however, is cumbersome and expensive. Furthermore, it is not particularly effective when the backing sheet is in the form of a less rigid sheet material.

The most promising solution proposed so far is to use heat-resistant adhesives to secure the insulation to the backing sheet. This method has been relatively successful for many applications. However, in furnaces where sulfur atmospheres or sulfur-burning fuels are used, corrosive liquids (usually containing sulfuric acid and/or sulfurous acid) form on the interior surfaces of the furnace. To the best of the inventor's knowledge, currently available adhesives or ceramic cements are unable to withstand the action of such corrosive liquids for long periods of time. Therefore, the adhesive or cement tends to deteriorate after a period of use, resulting in premature deterioration of the module and separation of the insulating material from the backing sheet and thus from the furnace wall.

Additionally, in the presence of iron, sulfuric acid and sulfite react with iron to form iron sulfate. These iron sulfates have a highly corrosive effect on ceramic fibers.

Ironically, when ceramic fiber insulation mats are attached to furnace walls using heat resistant adhesives or cement, temperature gradients typically prevent sulfuric acid or sulfurous acid from forming except near the cold side of the mat. That is, only near the cold side of the pine are temperatures low enough to form sulfuric acid and/or sulfurous acid. Therefore, corrosive acids can (and do form when sulfur-containing fuels are used) in areas where the insulation system is most vulnerable. or,
In the most sensitive areas, the furnace jacket or insulation backing sheet is attacked by these acids at the interface between the insulation and the furnace jacket, producing ferric sulfate which corrodes the ceramic fibers.

The lifespan of such insulation materials is therefore limited. This is because the adhesive or cement will eventually break down and/or the ceramic fibers that will adhere to the adhesive or cement and serve to attach the remainder of the insulating mat to the backing sheet or furnace jacket. This is because, in some cases, it is exposed to corrosive action. The fibers therefore tend to deteriorate in the vicinity of the adhesive or cement layer after a period of use. Two defects in these critical areas ultimately lead to defects in the adiabatic system.

Accordingly, one object of the present invention is to provide a method of attaching insulation to a surface and an insulating member for surface attachment in order to reduce or overcome the disadvantages of previously known methods.

Applicants have assumed that due to heating effects within the furnace the heated air has a tendency to rise and create an excess pressure in the upper region of the furnace. This excessive pressure results in an air flow in an outward direction through the insulating material lining the furnace walls.

Most furnace insulation systems leave a significant air gap between the insulation and the jacket surface, so airflow through the insulation in the upper area of the furnace can result in such air leaking between the insulation and the furnace walls or It will cool and flow downward along the interface between the envelope surfaces.

This air flow is believed to be facilitated by the air gap between the insulation and the furnace envelope. Furthermore, this airflow is believed to cause undesirable heat loss. Furthermore, it is believed that this airflow tends to promote corrosion in the interfacial region.

Even if prior art insulation is rigidly attached to the furnace wall or jacket, temperature changes within the wall or jacket tend to cause the jacket to buckle. Therefore, the outer covering region changes from a concave structure to a convex structure. Thus, even though prior art insulation materials or modules are rigidly attached to the jacket surface, gaps can occur during flexing of the jacket.

Therefore, in many applications, the insulation material is tightly engaged with the furnace wall surface or cladding surface and remains in substantial contact with that surface despite flexing of the cladding as a result of temperature changes. It seems advantageous to obtain.

Accordingly, it is an object of one aspect of the present invention to provide a method for securely attaching insulation to a furnace wall or jacket surface.

While the principles of the invention may be used for attachment to backing sheets for general insulation purposes as well as for furnace insulation, the invention has particular application for internal insulation of the furnace walls of high temperature furnaces. For purposes of this invention, "high temperature" refers to temperatures above about 1600°C (about 870°C), preferably between about 1600°C (about 870°C) and about
Means a temperature in the range of 2800〓 (approximately 1540℃) or higher.

Furthermore, in this specification, furnace walls refer to all furnace surfaces that require insulation, such as the ceiling and doors.

Ceramic fiber insulation materials are commercially available from several manufacturers and are known to those skilled in the art. For example, ceramic fiber blankets are registered trademarks or trade names "Kaowool" (Babcack and
Wilcox), “Fiber-Frax” (Carborundum Co.),
“Lo-Con” (Carborundum Co.), “Cero-Felt”
(Johns-Manville Corp.) and “SAFFIL” (I.
CI) etc. Most of these ceramic fiber blankets are about 2300〓 (approx.
It has a maximum indicated operating temperature of 1260°C (1260°C), but the terminal or peripheral fiber exposure provided by reorientation of the fiber strips can be extended up to about 2800°C (approximately 1540°C) if appropriate grades of fibers are used. Give a valid operation. Suitable grades include, for example, SAFFIL alumina fibers.

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heat insulating member for insulating a furnace surface, which has the following features.

(a) an insulating mat of elastically deformable insulating material having a cold side disposed against the furnace surface and a hot side on the opposite side; and (b) an attachment means for attaching the mat to the furnace surface. (c) the attachment means comprises anchoring means disposed within the mat in spaced relation from both the cold surface and the hot surface for locating the attachment means relative to the mat; (d) the connecting means is removably connected to the anchoring means and is attached to the furnace surface by applying a force to the connecting means; When pressing the
(e) the anchoring means comprises a plurality of elongated anchor members, the anchor members comprising: arranged to extend through the mat to distribute forces applied to the coupling means through the mat and to bring the cold surface of the mat into compressive and tight engagement with the furnace surface; The insulation member can also be in the form of sheets or strips. Preferably, however, the invention is in the form of an insulating module or block for use with corresponding modules or blocks in side-by-side relationship to form an insulating lining.

It is therefore convenient for the insulation member to be in the form of a rectangular or square module. The thickness of the module depends on the insulation properties of the insulation and the furnace environment for which the insulation is designed.

The pine insulation provides the necessary degree of insulation and is at least partially deformable and preferably has at least a limited degree of resiliency, using any suitable method for elastically deflecting the pine into engagement with the furnace surface. Any suitable insulation material will suffice.

The insulation material may therefore consist of a fibrous insulation material, such as, for example, a mineral fiber material, a refractory fiber material or a ceramic fiber material. However, any other insulation material may also be used in which the material is at least partially deformable, preferably at least partially elastically deformable, so that the mat material can be elastically deflected or elastically pressed against the surface to be insulated. It should be understood that any material that engages with the material may be used.

When the insulation material is a fibrous insulation material, it is suitable for the particular application of the present invention that the fibers are arranged in the fiber plane and that the fiber plane is approximately the same when the insulation member is attached to the surface to be insulated. It can be used as a blanket shape that is parallel to the surface.

This blanket arrangement, however, exhibits various drawbacks. Accordingly, in the presently preferred embodiment of the invention, for the insulation of high temperature furnaces operating at temperatures in excess of about 1600° C., the fibrous insulation material is preferably cross-sectional with respect to the cold side of the member. Materials are preferred that include fiber planes arranged to extend in a direction such that the fibers are randomly oriented within the fiber planes.

The attachment means may be displaceable by the attachment means, ie substantially all of the attachment means may be formed from a suitably elastically deformable or displaceable material.

In this embodiment of the invention, if the attachment means is not made of an elastically deformable material that can withstand high operating temperatures without losing its elasticity, and/or the attachment means is It can have difficulties at high operating temperatures if it is not arranged to be protected from temperature conditions that tend to cause it to lose its elasticity.

Accordingly, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the attachment means is made elastically deformable by having an elastically deformable portion located near the cold surface of the mat or member in use. In this way, the thickness of the mat can serve to protect the elastically deformable part from being overheated in use, thereby allowing the elastically deformable part to exhibit its elastic properties in use. This ensures that the deflection effect is maintained during use.

The attachment means may comprise, for example, anchor means coupled to the mat and yoke means extending from the anchor means for attachment to the surface to be insulated. In this embodiment of the invention, the yoke means preferably consist of or incorporate an elastically deformable portion of the attachment means.

The anchoring means is any suitable means that can be combined with the insulation mat of the member of the invention and then attached to the surface to be insulated to attach the insulation member to that surface.

The anchoring means may comprise, for example, one or more elongated rods, bars or tubes installed within the mat. In another embodiment of the invention, the anchoring means may be in the form of a closed configuration or a grid placed within the mat. Furthermore, another embodiment of the invention may be in the form of an elongated non-linear member installed within the mat.

The anchoring means may itself be elastically deformable or bendable, but in such a way that the tension applied to the anchoring means is distributed throughout the anchoring means and thereby exerts a deflection effect on the material of the pine. The anchoring means are preferably made of a rigid material.

Accordingly, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the anchoring means comprises a plurality of anchor tubes arranged in laterally spaced relation through the pine in a plane substantially parallel to the surface of the cold surface. , thereby distributing the tension acting on the anchoring means within the pine.

If the mat has fiber planes extending in a direction transverse to the cold surface, usually at right angles,
The anchor tubes are preferably oriented substantially parallel to the cold surface and transverse to the fiber plane, thereby effectively locating the anchor tubes within the mat.

In one embodiment of the invention, stiffeners can be placed in the mat near the anchoring means to strengthen the mat and to better distribute the deflection forces imposed on the anchoring means during use.

The reinforcing material consists of a mesh structure, adhesive deposits, etc.

The yoke means may be of any structure for engaging the anchor means and attaching to a surface.

In one aspect of the invention, the yoke means connects or engages with the anchoring means to anchor the insulation member by means of a connecting rim extending in the direction of the cold surface and elastically displacing the connecting rim. It consists of an elastically deformable or displaceable fixing rim for attaching the means and the mat to a surface in such a way as to elastically bias or force the mat towards the surface.

In one embodiment, the elastically deformable locking rim may be in the form of a spring member or the like to provide a biasing or deflecting action. Thus, it may be in the form of a helical spring, leaf spring, etc., for example.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the elastically deformable locking rim takes the form of a locking rim extending transversely to the coupling rim.

In a presently preferred embodiment of the invention, the yoke means comprises a pair of connecting rims connected together by a locking rim to give the yoke means a channel-shaped cross-sectional shape, each connecting limb engaging or engaging the anchoring means. It has ligated free ends.

The attachment means is preferably located with its elastically deformable portion set back inwardly from the cold side of the mat. The elastically bendable portion is then elastically displaced from the mat in the direction of the surface to be insulated for attachment, thus elastically deflecting the attachment means and thus the mat towards that surface in use.

The attachment means may incorporate fasteners used to secure the attachment means to the surface to be insulated.

In one embodiment of the invention, the fastener includes bolts to secure the fastener to the surface.
Holes can be formed to accommodate screws, welding studs, etc.

The fastening device may be an integral or continuous part of the material of the yoke means. Alternatively, for example, the fastener may be a separate fastener fixed to the yoke means of the attachment means.

The fastener may include a fastening member, for example in the form of a welding stud, which is mounted on the fastener and extends into the mat, the welding stud having a fusible portion extending through a hole in the fastener. In this embodiment, the fixture may include an arc shield disposed around the fusible portion of the weld stud to permit attachment of the weld stud to the surface to be insulated by internal welding.

The attachment means may further include deflection means for deflecting the fastener towards the surface to be insulated after the fastener has been secured to the surface. This deflection means may be provided, for example, by a nut which is incorporated in a stud, bolt, etc. and which pulls the fixing device and therefore the elastically deformable fixing rim in the direction of the surface to be insulated, thereby producing an elastic deflection effect. I can do it.

The invention further extends to a method for providing insulation on a furnace surface, the method comprising a modification having a cold surface and an opposite hot surface placed in contact with the furnace surface. A mat of possible insulating material is attached to the furnace surface using attachment means spaced from the hot surface, and the attachment means is then displaced in the direction of the furnace surface to deflect the cold side of the mat so that it is connected to the surface. It is characterized by being engaged.

The method preferably comprises biasing the mat into conforming engagement with the surface.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the method maintains a deflection action in use, pushing the mat and engaging the mat in conformity with the surface in use, despite curvature of the surface as a result of temperature changes. Keep it deflected like this.

This method involves attaching a mat to a furnace surface such that an elastically deformable attachment means coupled to the mat is attached to the furnace surface, and then elastically deflecting the attachment means in the direction of the surface to deflect the deflection between the mat and the surface. It is characterized by maintaining engagement.

The invention further extends to attachment means for attaching a mat of insulation material to a furnace surface, the attachment means including anchor means installed on such mat and an attachment means extending in the direction of the surface from the anchor means. It comprises yoke means for attachment, said attachment means being elastically deformable for deflecting such mats towards said surface.

If the attachment means are rigid, the deflection effect is provided by compression or elastic compression of the material of the mat. On the other hand, if the attachment means preferably include an elastically deformable or displaceable part provided by the connecting means, the deflecting or pressing action is due to the elastic displacement of the connecting means and the compression or elastic compression of the material of the mat. given by both.

In a preferred embodiment of this aspect of the invention, the securing region is located at the center of the module, the anchoring member is located within the mat, and the connecting rim is connected to the anchoring member so that when an attachment force is applied to the clamping region. The mats are usually or preferably sufficiently evenly distributed within the module to hold the mats in place on the furnace surface during use.

Conveniently, the connecting rim extends from the attachment end of the fixation rim.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the attachment means comprises two or at least two laterally spaced anchoring members, and the yoke means generally have the shape of a channel-shaped cross-section.

In one embodiment of the invention, the connecting rim constitutes a continuous extension of the securing rim material. Alternatively, the locking rim may be hinged to a connecting rim at its opposite end.

In one aspect of the invention, the pine insulation comprises a composite insulation made from a plurality of dissimilar insulation materials. In this aspect of the invention, combinations of high and low temperature insulation materials can be used to arrive at combinations that are economically and practically viable for particular environmental and temperature conditions.

Although the present invention is particularly suited and useful for providing high temperature insulation to furnaces, the present invention is equally applicable to other forms of insulation where a firm engagement between the insulation and the surface to be insulated is desired and desired. It should be understood that it has many uses. Accordingly, such alternative uses of the invention are also included within the scope of the invention. However, in a preferred application of the present invention, high temperature furnace applications are applications where prior art systems have major drawbacks and where the present invention can therefore offer major advantages;
Preferably, the invention is used in a high temperature furnace.

The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 and 2 of the drawings, reference numeral 10.1 generally refers to a high temperature insulation module for insulating a high temperature furnace, module 10.1 comprising a deformable mat 12 of insulation material, and Matsuto 12
The mounting means 14.1 are elastically deformable for elastically deflecting the mat 12 into conforming engagement with the furnace surface. be.

The mat 12 has a cold surface 1 directed toward the furnace surface or jacket wall surface to be insulated in use.
6 and an opposite hot surface 18 which in use is directed towards the interior of the furnace.

The deformable mat 12 is preferably formed from a ceramic fiber material in which the fibers of the material are randomly oriented in the fiber planes 20 such that the fiber planes are arranged in a direction from the cold side 16 to the hot side 18 in side-by-side relationship. It is arranged perpendicular to the plane.

In this particular fiber plane arrangement, where strips of ceramic material are placed with exposed ends or side edges of the fiber plane 20, the deformable mat is resistant to delamination and resistant to devitrification and cracking. It is more resistant to

Furthermore, as a result of the inherent elasticity of the ceramic fibers, the attachment means can be effectively covered and hidden within the mat. The attachment means are thus protected against furnace heat by the fibers.

In this invention, the attachment means consists of a connection means and an anchor means. In the following description, each aspect will be explained using members of a lower concept included in the connecting means. In FIG. 1, the attachment means 14.1 are
It consists of an anchoring means 22 and a connecting means, the anchoring means 22 consisting of an anchor tube 26, the connecting means comprising a connecting rim 28.1, a rim 30.1, a hook 32, a fixing device 34, 40, 42, 44, 4.
6 (these refer to the yoke means 24.1).

Anchor means 22 comprises an elongated rigid anchor tube 26 disposed within mat 12.

Anchor tube 26 is preferably pine 12
a rigid tube of ceramic material extending from one side to the opposite side with a cold side 16 and a hot side 1.
8 and spaced apart from each other.

In the embodiment of the invention shown in the drawings:
Anchor tube 26 is spaced approximately 2 inches (approximately 50 mm) from cold surface 16.

The anchor tube 26 is sufficiently spaced from the hot surface 18 so that it is protected from the furnace heat and so that the yoke means 24.1 is likewise protected from overheating in use.

The yoke means 24.1 consists of an elastically deformable locking part in the form of a connecting rim 28.1 and a locking rim 30.1.

The connecting rim 28.1 has a hook shape 32 at its free end. The hook-shaped portion 32 engages the anchor tube 26 to connect the yoke means 24.1 to the anchor means 22.

The locking rim 30.1 extends from the opposite end of the connecting rim 28.1 transversely thereto, providing a generally L-shaped configuration.

The yoke means 24.1 are corrosion resistant and at the same time elastically bendable, the attachment means 1
4.1 made of a suitable material that provides elastic deformability.

The yoke means are therefore corrosion resistant and are preferably made of stainless steel, so as to be elastically deformable.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the yoke means 24.1 is made of a high steel flexible material such as A304 stainless steel. It is corrosion resistant and
It is a type of 18-8 stainless steel type A304 highly flexible material that can be elastically bent in use in desired areas with proper design and placement.

The yoke can be made from a 3/16 inch (approximately 9 mm) diameter rod, for example. For example, the anchor tube is
It can be made from a ceramic tube that is 12 inches long and has a 1/2 inch outer diameter and a 1/4 inch inner diameter.

The thickness of the mat 12 between the hot and cold surfaces 18 and 16 should, of course, be suitable for the furnace environment in which the module 10.1 is used. Typically,
Therefore, the thickness is at least about 3 inches (about 75 mm)
3 inches (approx. 75mm) to 6 inches (approx.
150mm) or more.

In order to provide adequate thermal protection to the anchor tube 26 while still ensuring that there is sufficient ceramic fiber material between it and the cold surface 16 for effective elastic compression of the material of the pine 12, the tube should be approximately 2 inches (approx. 50mm) is conveniently located away from cold surfaces. However, this spacing depends on the furnace environment in which the module 10.1 is designed, the type of material from which the mat 12 is made, the thermal conductivity and properties of the material of the yoke means 24.1, and the compression of the material of the mat. It should be understood that the extent to which

The yoke means 24.1 engages the anchor tube 26 and extends therefrom in the direction of the cold surface. The fixing rim 30.1 extends transversely to the connecting rim 28.1 and lies approximately in the plane of the cold surface 16.

However, the fixing rim 30.1 is
4.1 is set back inwardly from the cold surface to allow elastic bending and provide elastic deflection during use.

The extent to which the locking rim 30.1 is retracted into the mat behind the cold surface depends on the considerations mentioned above as well as the modulus of elasticity of the yoke means 24.1 and its configuration.
In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1 of the drawings, the fixing rim 30.1 is e.g.
It is tightened in the range of 1 inch (approximately 12 mm) to 1 inch (approximately 25 mm).

The attachment means 14.1 further incorporates a fastener 34 which is used to secure the fixing rim 30.1 to a surface 36 of a furnace wall or jacket 38 as shown in FIG.

The fixture 34 is attached to a flange 42 at one end of the base wall 40.
and a gripping flange 44 at the other end of the base wall 40;
It has the shape of a tightening bracket that engages the fixing rim 30.1. The gripping flange 44 is brought into gripping engagement with the locking rim 30.1 and can be connected thereto by bevelling, by welding or in other ways.

Base wall 40 is provided with holes 46 to accommodate weld studs for securing fixtures 34 to surface 36.

As can be seen in the drawings, particularly in FIG. 2, the module 10.1 incorporates a fixing member 48 which cooperates with the fixing device 34 to fix it to the surface 36.

Fixation member 48 comprises a welding stud 50 having a threaded shaft 52 extending through bore 46 and having a stud tip 54 of relatively small cross-sectional area at its distal end.

A deflection means in the form of a nut 56 is arranged on the threaded shaft 52.

Fixture 34 further includes an arc shield 58 of ceramic material disposed within fixture 34. Arc shield 58 is held in place by an annular retaining washer (not shown) having radially inwardly extending pawls for engaging grooves (not shown) in stud tip 54.

For use, attach module 10.1 to surface 36.
For attachment to the module 10.1, the module 10.1 has attachment means 14.1 arranged therein, a fixing device 34 placed on the fixing rim 30.1 and an axle arranged in a suitable place on the fixing device 34. 52 and a nut 56 are provided. Furthermore, module 10.
1 incorporates a movable guide sleeve 60 which is placed over the nut 56 and engages with it. This sleeve 60 serves as a guide, as an entry point for the welding operation, and as a torque device.

An internal welding tool 62 is used to attach module 10.1 to surface 36. Tool 62
is an electrically operated cylindrical portion (barrel) shaped to engage with the sleeve 60 to provide a firm engagement.
has. To attach the module 10.1 to a surface, the module is placed in contact with the surface at the desired location, after which the barrel of the tool 62 is inserted into the guide sleeve 60 and engaged therewith.

In this position, tool 62 can be actuated to pass electrical current through sleeve 60, shaft 52, and stud tip 54 into jacket 38. Tip 54
is dissipated due to its relatively small cross-sectional area, creating an arc. This arc is protected by an arc shield 58.

The shaft 52 is itself initially held in place by a retaining flange (not shown) as described above so that it is not moved in the direction of the surface 36.

As the welding operation continues, the intense heat of the arc causes the radial pawls of the retaining flange to dissipate, thereby causing the shaft 52 to plunge into the molten metal formed by the arc. At this point, the welding is complete and shaft 52 is integrally secured to surface 36.

The nut 56 then rotates the tool 62 about the axis of its barrel so that the barrel engages the sleeve 60;
Sleeve 60 engages nut 56 so that it can be tightened onto shaft 52. Natsuto 56
can be tightened until it contacts the shaft 52 and moves the fixture 34 toward the surface 36. When traveling like that, Natsuto 5
6 acts as a deflection means and the fixing rim 30.1
is elastically deflected from the mat 12 toward the surface 36. The undeflected position of the fixing rim 30.1 is shown in dotted lines in FIG. 2, and its elastically deflected position is shown in solid lines.

Upon elastic displacement of the fixing rim 30.1, the yoke means 24.1 imposes a tension on the anchor tube 26. Because anchor tube 26 is an elongated rigid tube, the tension so applied is distributed over the entire length of tube 26. tube 26
therefore exerts an elastic compressive force on the fibers between it and the surface 36, thereby compressing the fibers and mat 1
2 into intimate engagement with surface 36.

Because the locking rim 30.1 is elastically displaced, the elastic compressive force that brings the mat 12 into conforming engagement with the surface 36 is maintained during the useful life of the module 10.1.

The fixing rim 30.1 is arranged close to the cold surface 16 of the module 10.1 so that the fixing rim 30.1
0.1 and the adjacent part of the connecting rim 28.1 are kept sufficiently cool by the insulation of the mat 12 for the yoke means 24.1 to maintain their elasticity during use. I can do it.

The advantage of elastically deflecting mat 12 into intimate engagement with surface 36 is that the tendency for gaps to be left or provided at the interface between cold surface 16 and surface 36 is reduced, if not completely eliminated. is obtained. The yoke means 24.1 maintains an elastic deflection effect so that the cold surface remains in elastic engagement with the surface 36 even if the surface 36 bends or flexes during bending under the influence of temperature changes. can be maintained or substantially maintained.

Therefore, it is believed that by eliminating or reducing the air gap between the cold surface 16 and the surface 36, any downward airflow along the surface 36 within this gap can be reduced or eliminated in use. It will be done. Therefore, any heat loss due to this,
It is therefore believed that efficiency losses due to such gas flow are eliminated or substantially reduced.

Corrosion is also believed to be further inhibited by restricting air movement along the interface of cold surface 16 and surface 36.

The module 10.1 further includes attachment means 14.
1 is mainly installed inside the module, and only the fixing rim 30.1 and the fixing device 34 are located on the cold surface 1.
It gives the advantage of being in the vicinity of 6. Therefore, these are the only components exposed to corrosion under average furnace conditions. The remaining part of the yoke means 24.1 is placed at a sufficient distance from the cold surface 16 and maintained at a sufficiently high temperature that no water is present and therefore sulfuric acid and sulfurous acid cannot form.

If corrosion occurs due to the formation of iron sulphate in the presence of the jacket 38 and yoke means 24.1 within this cold region, this will also tend to result in corrosion of the cold surface 16 of the pine 12. .
However, such corrosion has no lasting detrimental effect on the operation or efficiency of module 10.1. The corroded ceramic fibers remain in place and provide approximately the same insulation effect as non-corroded fibers.
This is in sharp contrast to prior art modules that use cement or adhesive in this interface area. In such prior art modules, corrosion of the fibers in this area results in separation of the fibers from the adhesive and defects.

In contrast to the prior art, corrosion of the cold surface 16 interface of the module 10.1 does not significantly affect the insulation properties of the module 10.1 or the attachment of the surface 36 of the module 10.1.

This is enhanced by the fact that the anchor tube 26 is non-corrosive and the yoke means 24.1 is made of a corrosion-resistant material. In this regard, it should be understood that the yoke means 24.1 can furthermore be coated with a corrosion-resistant material if required.

Module 10.1 provides the additional advantage of having four soft sides that are not interfered with by backing sheets, blocks, etc.

Thus, the modules 10.1 are brought into contact with the surfaces 36 with their sides elastically compressed and in mutual engagement.
It can be fixed to This provides the advantage that if the jacket 38 flexes in a convex manner towards the interior of the furnace as a result of temperature changes, or indeed gaps arise between adjacent modules 10.1, they will become somewhat narrower and shallower.

Furthermore, when the module 10.1 is used for lining the ceiling of a furnace, etc., the anchor tube 26 distributes the placement tension through the module 10.1 so that the module 10.1 hangs down from the ceiling surface under the action of gravity. Gives the advantage of reducing the tendency. This therefore reduces the tendency for significant air gaps to form between adjacent modules.

As shown in FIG. 1 of the drawings, the anchor tubes 26 extend in a direction transverse to the fiber plane 20, thereby giving them effective placement within the mat 12.

Furthermore, the yoke means are arranged substantially parallel to the fiber plane 20.

The attachment means 14.1 are therefore attached to the module 1
taking for example half of a fiber plane 20 of 0.1 and placing the yoke means 24.1 in position thereon;
Installation can be accomplished by inserting one half of the anchor tube 26 into the fiber through the hook feature 32 into the fiber and then screwing the other half of the fiber plane 20 into the remainder of the anchor tube 26.
Within the fiber plane 20 of the mat 12 are tubes 26.
It should be understood that the holes are drilled to match the .

In Figure 3 of the drawings, reference number 10.3 generally indicates an alternative shape of the module according to the invention. However, module 10.3 substantially corresponds to module 10.1. Like parts are therefore designated with like reference numerals.

The module 10.1 is of a shape that should be called a semi-module. It is therefore rectangular in plan and relatively narrow. It is primarily used to fit into spaces that are too narrow to accommodate conventional modules.
Since the module 10.1 is relatively narrow, there is a single anchor tube 26 and a single connecting rim 28.1 for the yoke means 24.1 and a fixing rim 3.
0.1 can be used.

The module 10.3 shown in FIG. 3 approximates a module of normal dimensions, square or rectangular in plan view. Since module 10.3 is wider than module 10.1, the attachment means 14.3 are enlarged and the elastic tension exerted on the mat 12 of module 10.3
are effectively distributed within the

Module 10.3 is typically 12 inches x 12
Measures in inches. In its preferred application, the modules are mounted within an 11 inch by 11 inch space with corresponding modules to provide particularly effective elastic compression of the modules.

The attachment device 14.3 consists of a pair of ceramic anchor tubes 26 placed in mutually parallel and laterally spaced relationship. These tubes also extend in a direction transverse to the fiber plane 20 so that they are effectively and firmly embedded within the mat 12.

Tubes 26 each have a length of about 11 or 12 inches and a diameter of about 1/2 inch. Each tube thus projects an area of approximately 6 square inches toward the cold side 16 of the mat 12. The mat 12 itself projects an area of approximately 144 square inches in the direction of the cold surface 16. When the material of the mat 12 is a ceramic fiber material, this relationship between the projected area of the anchor tube 26 and the projected area of the mat 12 in the direction of the cold surface 16, that is, a projected area of about 10% of the projected area of the mat is sufficient. It was found that It has been found that with this projected area relationship, the tube 26 does not exhibit a tendency to enlarge the hole installed in the mat 12 during use.
In other words, the engagement between the tube 26 and the mat 12 material is sufficient so that the module 10.3
The tube 26 has a tendency to be displaced through the material of the mat 12 to the relatively cold surface 16 when attached to the furnace surface by fastening means in the form of a fixture 34.
It is held firmly to the surface without showing any tendency to move away from the surface.

By using the anchor member in the form of an anchor tube, the surface area of the tube is increased without also increasing the weight of the anchor member.
This means that the anchor tube 26 is
2 remains firmly embedded within the module 10.
This provides the advantage of enabling the use of 3.

The yoke means 24.3 are connected to a set of connecting rims 28.3.
It becomes more. Each connecting limb 28.3 has a hook shape at its free end which is wrapped around one of the tubes 26.

The opposite ends of the connecting limbs 28.3 are interconnected by an integral locking limb 30.3. The fixing rim 30.3 has a fixing device 34 arranged thereon.
has.

Fixed rim 30.3 has approximately 1/2 inch cold surface 16
The anchor tube 2 is set back toward the inside of the anchor tube 2, parallel to the cold surface 16, and attached to the jacket or furnace wall surface in an elastically bendable or bendable state in the direction of the cold surface 16.
6 thus resiliently deflecting the mat 12 into intimate engagement with the surface.

The fixation device 24 is attached to the module 10.3 due to the arrangement of the anchor tube 26 and the yoke means 24.3.
is located in a central portion adjacent to the cold side of the module 10.3 and spaced inwardly from the four sides of the module 10.3.

Thus, when the module 10.3 is attached to a furnace surface by attaching the fixture 34 to that surface, the attachment force that attaches the fixture 34 to that surface is applied across the yoke means 24.3 and the anchor tube 26. Watari or Matsuto 1
2 is distributed almost uniformly throughout the entire area. The uniform distribution of the attachment forces thus ensures that the module 10.3 is effectively held in contact with the surface to be insulated.

Reference numeral 10.
4 designates a high temperature furnace insulation module which generally corresponds generally to module 10.3. Corresponding parts are accordingly designated with corresponding reference numbers.

In FIG. 4, module 10.4 is shown prior to attachment to the surface of the furnace jacket. Fixture 34 is shown equipped with a guide sleeve 60 for guiding internal welding tool 62 into position as described with respect to FIG.

The attachment means 14.4 of the module 10.4 are shown in detail in FIGS. 5 and 6. Corresponding parts are designated with reference numerals that correspond to those shown in FIG. However, in FIG. 6, retaining flange 64 is shown in place. These retaining flanges 64 cooperate with the arc shield 58 at their outer peripheries to hold the arc shield in place. Retaining flange 64
has a radially inwardly extending pawl that frictionally engages the stud tip 54. When these pawls melt during the welding operation, they release the shaft 52 and
The remaining portion of tip 54 is welded onto surface 36.

Module 10.4 is shown secured to surface 36 in FIG. The fixture 34 has been moved into contact with the surface 36 by tightening the device onto the shaft 52 with deflection means in the form of a nut 56. This results in a displacement of the fixing rim 30.4 from its original position, shown in solid lines in FIG. 7, to its final elastically bent position, shown in dotted lines in FIG. This elastic bending of the anchoring rim 30.4 places an elastic deflection tension on the anchor tube 26. This is distributed along the length of the mat 12 by rigid anchor tubes 26 and deflected so that the fibrous material of the mat 12 comes into intimate engagement with the surface 36.

The appropriate degree of elastic compression causes the fibrous material of mat 12 to firmly engage and remain engaged with surface 36, regardless of its particular surface configuration in use.

Referring to FIG. 8, reference numeral 10.5 designates yet another embodiment according to the invention. module 1
0.5 corresponds substantially to module 10.4 except that the anchor tubes 26 are arranged parallel to each other and at an acute angle to a pair of opposing sides of the mat 12.

This arrangement of tubes 26 allows two corresponding modules 10.5 to be adjacent to each other in a row with elastically compressed side-by-side engagement without any interference between the anchor tubes 26 of the two modules. It has the advantage of being able to be placed in the same position. This is achieved because the slanted tubes 26 are not aligned in a straight line.

In FIG. 9 reference number 10.6 designates a further embodiment of the module according to the invention. In module 10.6, yoke means 24.6 consists of two corresponding yoke members resistance welded together to form a hole 46.6 for receiving stud tip 54 and threaded shaft 52 of fixing member 48. It becomes more.

The module 10.6 is brought into close engagement with the resting surface of the mat 12 by further distributing the tension imposed by the yoke means 24.6 in the main plane of the mat 12 by means of four connecting limbs. promotes elastic deflection of

In FIGS. 10 and 11, reference number 24.
7 generally refers to the yoke means 24.1 shown in FIG.
2 shows yet another embodiment of the invention.

The yoke means 24.7 is formed by bending a long highly flexible metal rod into an L-shape and providing a connecting rim 28.7 and a fixing rim 30.7.

The connecting rim 28.7 defines a hook shape that is hung over the anchor tube 26, while the fixing rim 30.7 is designed to deflect this fixing rim 30.7 into engagement with the furnace wall or jacket surface. A hole 46.7 is formed over which a washer can be placed to distribute the loads imposed by the fixing studs, bolts or screws used for fitting.

In FIG. 12, reference numeral 10.8 designates a further embodiment according to the invention.

The module 10.8 has an external attachment means consisting of three anchor tubes 26, three connecting rims 28.8 and one fixing rim 30.8 connected to the three connecting rims 28.8. generally corresponds to module 10.4.

Number of anchor tubes 26 and connecting rims 28.
By increasing the number of mats 12, the elastic tensioning force imposed on the mat 12 can be increased as needed for various modules and various inventive applications.

In FIG. 12, the mat 12 of module 10.8 has been reinforced to improve its durability.

This mat has an anchor tube 26 and a low temperature surface 1.
6 by depositing a suitable resin in the region 75, for example by injection.

The resin in region 75 hardens to provide a reinforced region that resists elongation of the hole in which anchor tube 26 is placed. That is, as the tube 26 is elastically deflected toward the furnace wall surface, the tube effectively compresses the insulation into engagement with the surface.

The reinforced region 75 thus helps distribute the compressive forces on the tube 26.

Any suitable resin or weak cement such as colloidal silica can be placed in region 75.

It will be readily appreciated that the compressive force in tube 26 may also be distributed by other means, such as by lateral extension of the tube, if desired.

For ease of handling the module according to the invention, the module can be wrapped in gauze material or paper, or tied in strips of paper elastic material or the like. Preferably, the wrapping or dressing material is a material that decomposes upon firing, releasing the mat 12 and elastically expanding the mat fibers.

In FIGS. 13 and 14, reference number 62.
1 shows yet another embodiment of the module in the present invention.

Module 62.1 generally corresponds to modules 10.3 and 10.4 of FIGS. 3 and 4.
However, modules 10.3 and 10.4
In contrast, module 62.1 is not a module designed to be deflected or elastically compressed against the furnace wall.

The module 62.1 consists of a mat 63.1 which is a deformable mat of suitable thermal insulation. Module 63.1 has cold side 64.1 and hot side 65.1
and four sides 66.1.

Module 62.1 includes attachment means for attaching mat 63.1 to the insulated furnace surface. The attachment means 67.1 comprises a plurality of elongate, tube-shaped anchor members 68.1. The modules 62.1 are laterally spaced from each other and the cold surfaces 64.1
and a hot surface 65.1. Accordingly, each anchor member connects the anchor member and the cold surface with a sufficient amount of insulation from the mat 63.1 such that the anchor member 68.1 holds the mat 63.1 in place when attached to the furnace surface. have between.
Additionally, each anchor member 68.1 has sufficient insulation between the anchor member and the hot surface 65.1 to protect the anchor member 68.1 from the heat of the furnace during use.

The attachment means 67.1 have yoke means 69.1.

Yoke means 69.1 extends proximate to and generally parallel to cold surface 64.1 for securing rim 70.1.
1. The yoke means 69.1 further includes a pair of connecting rims 71.1 extending perpendicularly from opposite ends of the locking rim 70.1. The connecting rim 71.1 constitutes a continuous part of the material of the fixing rim 70.1 and is therefore integrated therewith.

Each connecting limb 71.1 is bent at its free end into a circular or hook shape which is slidably engaged with one of the anchor tubes 68.1.

The fixing rim 70.1 has a fixing area 7 in its center.
3.1 is formed. The fixing area 73.1 is arranged adjacent to the cold surface 64.1 and is connected to the module 6.
2.1 are installed separately inside both sides 66.1. In fact, in FIG.
are centrally located on both sides of module 62.1.

The fixing area 73.1 is therefore the fixing area 7 when it is fixed to the furnace surface by means of suitable fixing devices.
The attachment force by which 3.1 is fixed to the surface is distributed within the effective area of the mat 63.1 via the yoke means 69.1 and the anchoring member 68.1. This therefore allows the module 62.1 to be easily and effectively placed in position relative to the furnace wall by means of a single fixing area 73.1.

By using fasteners installed or connected to the fastening area 73.1, the mat 63.
Such a fixture can be accessed for fixing the mat to the furnace surface through the center of the mat. Thereby, as mentioned above, the material of the mat 63.1 is applied not only to the attachment means 67.1 but also to the fastening area 7.
3.1 and the fixtures used therein are also shielded.

This provides the substantial advantage of the invention that by utilizing a single anchoring area provided in the center of the module, the anchoring force is evenly distributed throughout the deformable insulation of the mat 63.1. It is something.

A further advantage of the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG.
and fixing rim 70.1, with mat 6
3.1 provides great protection from the furnace heat.

By varying the extent to which the fixing rim 70.1 projects beyond the cold surface 64.1 of the mat 63.1, the spacing between the cold surface and the protected furnace surface can be varied as desired.

The attachment means 67.1 includes attachment means 67.1.
1 has the advantage that the stresses directly imposed on the attachment means 67.1 are minimal in the area of the hook 72.1 which is located closest to the direct heat of the furnace in use. In areas where greater stresses are imposed on the attachment means 67.1, i.e. at the connection between the connecting area 71.1 and the fixing rim 70.1, the spacing from the hot surface is as far as possible and this area is covered as much as possible. Maintain low temperature. The maximum force of the attachment means therefore occurs in the region where the attachment means is the coldest and therefore has the least tendency to reduce its elastic forces.

In FIGS. 13 and 14, the fastening area 73.1 is constituted by a fastening plate 74.1 which is spot-welded to the fastening rim 70.1. The fixing plate 74.1 is adapted to accommodate bolts, welding studs, etc. as described above, and defines holes 76.1 for fixing the fixing plate 74.1 to the furnace surface.

In FIGS. 15 and 16 another further embodiment of the attachment means for use with module 62.1 of FIG. 13 is shown.

The attachment means 67.2 substantially correspond to the attachment means 67.1 except in relation to the fixing area 73.2.

The fastening area 73.2 is in the form of a groove-shaped cross-section bracket 74.2 arranged by spot welding on the fastening rim 70.2. Fixed rim 70.2
is a V-shaped cross section with a flat plan view, and as a result 7
The hole 76.2 of 4.2 is aligned with the hook 72.2. This makes it possible to provide a more uniform distribution of the attachment force with which the fixing area 73.2 is attached to the furnace wall surface.

Reference number 67 in FIGS. 17 and 18.
3 is the attachment means 67.2 of FIGS. 15 and 16.
It consists of an attachment means that corresponds approximately to the . The attachment means 67.3 include a fixing rim 70 having a semi-circularly curved central part on which a fixing area 73.3 is provided instead of having a bent fitting 70.2 of approximately V-section. .3. The semicircularly curved part is also connected to the hole 7 in the fixing area 73.3.
6.3 is provided in line with the hook 72.3.

Reference number 67 in FIGS. 19 and 20.
4 shows yet another embodiment according to the present invention.

The attachment means 67.4 have a fixing rim 70.4 formed from a set of rods. These rods are arranged in parallel laterally spaced relationship by a U-shaped continuous rim 71.4 which is resistance welded to a member of the fixing rim 70.4. The U-shaped continuous limbs therefore have hook-shaped portions 7 at their opposite ends.
Form 2.4. The elements constituting the fixation rim 70.4 are bent in their central region to form a fixation area 73.4 for housing fixation tools or components.
form.

In FIG. 21 reference numeral 67.5 designates a further embodiment of the attachment means according to the invention.

The attachment means 67.5 correspond substantially to the attachment means 67.1 of FIG. 13. The attachment means 67.5 thus include a fixing rim 70.5, a connecting rim 7 extending integrally from the fixing rim 70.5.
1.5 and a yoke means 69.5 having a fixing area 73.5.

At the junction of each connecting limb 71.5 and the end of the fixing limb 70.5, the yoke means 69.5, formed from a stainless steel rod, are flattened to reduce their bending resistance. This allows the connecting limbs 71.5 to be easily bent toward and away from each other in a common plane.

The special structure of this yoke means is that the yoke means 6
9.5, the mat is elastically compressed to press itself against the insulated furnace surface. Therefore typically the yoke means 69.5
is located within the pine recessed inward from the cold side of the pine. Then, when the fixing area is attached to the furnace surface, it is displaced in the direction of the furnace surface or comes into contact with the furnace surface, thereby causing the fixing rim 70.5
causes elastic bending of the pine and thus causes elastic compression of the pine material. Such a fixing rim 7
With a displacement of 0.5, the hooks 72.5 can move towards each other unless some degree of flexing can occur at the connection between the coupling rim 71.5 and the fixing rim 70.5. This can have an undesirable effect on the mat as it tends to marginally reduce the effective width of the mat. Being able to bend in the flattened area tends to reduce such movement of the hook 72.5.

In FIG. 22, reference numeral 69.6 designates another alternative embodiment of the yoke means according to the invention.
Yoke means 69.6 accomplishes the same purpose as yoke means 69.5. In the yoke means 69.6 the connecting rim 71.6 has a complementary engaging hook shape 7.
7.6 is hingedly connected to the fixing rim.

In FIG. 23, reference number 62.7 designates a further embodiment of the module according to the invention.
The module 62.7 has attachment means consisting of a mat 63.7 and yoke means 69.7, an anchor member 68.7 and a fixing area 73.7. The fixing region 73.7 is recessed inwardly from the cold side of the mat 63.7, so that when the mat is elastically deflected into contact with the insulated furnace surface, the attachment force on the mat 63.7 distributed throughout the mat 63.7 to elastically compress the material of the mat 63.7 into firm engagement with the furnace surface. Matsutto 63.7 is the first layer 78.7
and a second layer 79.7. Typically, the first layer 78.7 is the second layer 7
A higher grade of insulation than 9.7 is desirable, and composite mats 63.7 are preferably used for that purpose when a reduction in the cost of insulation is possible in a particular furnace environment.

In forming the composite mat 63.7, the first layer 78.7 is preferably a layer formed from edged ceramic fiber material. Second layer 7
9.7 may likewise be flush-ended or, if desired, in the form of a blanket with the fiber plane generally parallel to the cold surface.

The use of the second layer 79.7 in the form of a blanket tends to provide effective elasticity between the anchor tube 68.7 and the cold surface, thereby providing a solid bond between the composite mat 63.7 and the furnace surface during use. A good engagement is given. Moreover, the edge-to-edge arrangement within the first layer 78.7 ensures that the module 62.7 does not lose its effectiveness in alignment with adjacent modules in use.

Composite Mat 63.7 has an 8 lb density
The first layer 78.7 may be comprised of SAUDER™ ceramic fibers, while the second layer 79.7 may be an 8 pound density rock wool blanket.
Using this construction and having a composite mat thickness of 125 mm makes the module 62.7 suitable for use in furnaces with hot surface temperatures of approximately 1120°C (771°C). First and second layer 78.7 and 7
The temperature at the interface of 9.7 will be about 950〓 (510℃), and the temperature at the cold surface will be about 178〓 (81℃).

The composite mat of the present invention can provide substantial cost savings when lower grade insulation can be used adjacent to cold surfaces. It therefore has particular use in this industry where lower than usual cold surface temperatures are required in special applications.

Reference number 62.8 in Figures 24 to 26
shows yet another embodiment of the module according to the invention. This module consists of a composite mat 63.8 and attachment means 67.8 installed within the composite mat.

The composite mat 63.8 consists of a first layer 78.8 and a second layer 79.8. In this embodiment, the first layer is preferably a 6 pound density ceramic fiber commercially available under the trade name SAFFIL, while the second layer 79.8 is preferably an 8 pound density ceramic fiber commercially available under the trade name SAUDER. It is preferable that

The first layer preferably has a thickness of about 114mm, while the second layer preferably has a thickness of about 150mm. Module 62.8 with this configuration
is suitable for use in furnaces that provide temperatures of approximately 2400°C (1316°C) at the hot surface. This is approximately 2000〓 (1093℃) at anchor tube 68.8
temperature, first layer and second layer 78.8 and 79.8
It gives a temperature of 1733〓 (945℃) at the interface and a temperature of about 200〓 (93℃) at the cold side. Anchor tube 68.8 due to relatively high temperature in the vicinity of anchor tube 68.8
The attachment means 67.8 are also made of high alumina ceramic material.

The attachment means 67.8 include an elongated bolt extending from the fixation rim 70.8 to the fixation area 73.8.

In this illustrated embodiment, the fixing area 73.8 is located on the cold surface so that the mat 6 is attached when the module 62.8 is attached to the furnace surface.
3.8 is not elastically compressed. If elastic compression is required, the anchoring region 73.8 should be set back from the cold surface. Furthermore, it is arranged such that the attachment means 67.8 has an elastically flexible region located furthest from the hot surface and thus exposed to least elastic losses under increased temperatures in use. should include laterally extending fixation brackets.

In FIG. 27 reference number 62.9 designates a further embodiment of the module according to the invention. Module 62.9 corresponds generally to module 10.3 illustrated in FIG.

Module 62.9 includes two sets of anchor tubes 68.9 and 80.9. Anchor tube 68.9 has a yoke means 67.9 connected thereto, whereas anchor tube 80.9 has a corresponding yoke means 67.9 connected thereto.

Each yoke means 67.9 defines a fixing area 73.9 located approximately centrally on the mat 63.9.

In the embodiment of FIG. 27, by including multiple sets of anchor tubes and multiple yoke means, the module 62.9 can be more securely secured to the furnace surface, and the anchoring force can be increased from the mat 63.9. more evenly distributed within. This particular arrangement is therefore useful where more secure attachment and more rigid support of the mat 63.9 is required.

The module of the invention illustrated in the above figures has the advantage that the module can be constructed in a simple and efficient manner from separately manufactured components that can be easily combined. Once assembled, each element forms a module having self-contained support means within the mat of the module and attachment means for attaching the module. The module can be attached by manipulating the fixing area of the attachment means through the mat material.

The module of the invention further has the advantage that the arrangement of the attachment means can be varied to provide a desired distribution of attachment forces within the mat of the module. Furthermore, the arrangement of the attachment means can be varied to allow easy attachment to the furnace surface or to provide elastic compression to the furnace surface. The attachment means can thus be arranged such that the fixation area is located at or in front of the cold surface. Alternatively, in order to elastically compress the module against the furnace surface, the attachment means may be such that the securing region is retracted inwardly from the cold surface and is thus elastically displaced to compress the fibers and attach them to the furnace surface. It can also be placed in The degree of compression can be adjusted by adjusting the extent to which the anchoring region recedes into the cold surface.

By using a pair of laterally spaced anchor members and by using an attachment means having a generally U-shaped or grooved cross-section, the attachment forces are distributed sufficiently evenly within the mat of the module that the module can be effectively held in place or effectively pressed against the furnace surface by discontinuous compression during use and during the normal useful life of the module.

The particular construction of the yoke means provides the advantage that the anchor member is tensioned in a plane substantially perpendicular to the cold surface, limiting the tendency of the anchor tube to move laterally within the module. Furthermore, by providing a central mounting or securing area within the module, the module can be effectively mounted with a single attachment point that is isolated from the furnace heat at all times. This single attachment point is sufficient for attaching the average module, making the module inexpensive to manufacture and install. Having a centrally located attachment or fixation area allows the attachment force to be evenly distributed within the anchoring member within the yoke means and thus within the material of the mat.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of one embodiment of a thermal insulation module according to the invention. FIG. 2 shows an enlarged partial side elevational view of the module of FIG. 1 in the process of being secured to the furnace or jacket wall by an internal stud weld system of the attachment means. FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of a module according to the invention. FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 3 except that the securing members are shown in place within the module. 5 and 6 are side elevational views of the yoke means of the module attachment means of FIG. 4 and the lines of FIG.
A cross-sectional view along the respective lines is shown. FIG. 7 shows an enlarged side elevation view of the module of FIG. 4 attached to the furnace jacket surface. FIG. 8 shows a top view of another embodiment of the module according to the invention. 9th
The figure shows a bottom plan view of a further embodiment of the module according to the invention. Figures 10 and 11 show a side view and a bottom plan view of another form of yoke means. FIG. 12 shows an end elevation view of yet another embodiment of a module according to the invention. FIG. 13 shows a side view of a further embodiment of a module according to the invention. FIG. 14 shows a plan view of the yoke means of the module of FIG. 13. Figures 15 and 16,
Figures 17 and 18, and Figures 19 and 20.
The figures alternately show a top view and a side elevation view of a further embodiment of the yoke means according to the invention. 21 and 22 show two further embodiments of the yoke means according to the invention. FIG. 23 shows a side elevation view of an embodiment of a composite module according to the invention. Figures 24 and 25 show side elevations and end elevations, respectively, of a further embodiment of a module according to the invention. FIG. 26 shows a plan view of the yoke means of the module of FIGS. 24 and 25. FIG. 27 shows a bottom plan view of yet another embodiment of a module according to the invention. 10...Module, 12...Matsuto, 14...
... Attachment means, 16 ... Low temperature surface, 18 ... High temperature surface, 20 ... Fiber surface, 22 ... Anchor means, 2
4... Yoke means, 26... Anchor tube,
28...Connection rim, 30...Fixing rim, 32...
...Hook-shaped portion, 34...Fixing tool, 36...Surface, 38...Outer cover, 40...Base wall, 42...Flange, 44...Flange, 46...Hole, 48...
Fixing member, 50... Welding stud, 52...
Shaft, 54... Stud tip, 56... Nut, 5
8... Arc shield, 60... Guide sleeve,
62...Internal welding tool, 62.1-9...Module, 63...Matsu, 64...Low temperature surface, 65...
... High temperature surface, 67 ... Attachment means, 68 ... Anchor member, 69 ... Yoke means, 70 ... Fixing rim, 71 ... Connection rim, 72 ... Hook, 73
...Fixing area, 74...Blanket, 76...
...hole, 78...first layer, 79...second layer.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A heat insulating member for insulating a furnace surface, characterized by the following: (a) an insulating mat of elastically deformable insulating material having a cold side disposed against the furnace surface and a hot side on the opposite side; and (b) an attachment means for attaching the mat to the furnace surface. (c) the attachment means comprises an anchor means disposed within the mat in spaced relation from both the cold surface and the hot surface for locating the attachment means relative to the mat; (d) the connecting means is removably connected to the anchoring means and is attached to the furnace surface by applying force to the connecting means; When pressing towards
(e) the anchoring means comprises a plurality of elongated anchor members, the anchoring means comprising a plurality of elongated anchor members; are buried in the mat at intervals to disperse the force applied to the connecting means through the mat and compress the low-temperature surface of the mat to the furnace surface.2. Claim 1: The insulation material is made of a fibrous insulation material including fiber planes arranged to extend in a direction crossing the low-temperature surface of the insulation material, and the fibers of the insulation material are randomly oriented within the fiber plane. Components listed in section. 3. A member according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the attachment means is elastically deformable so as to elastically deflect or press the mat into contact with the surface to be insulated when the attachment means is attached to the surface. 4. The connecting means comprises a yoke connected to the anchoring means and having at least one connecting rim extending in the direction of the cold surface and a fixing rim for attachment to the surface to be insulated. The member according to any one of Item 3. 5. The yoke is elastically deflectable by means of a fixing rim which is elastically flexible for its part and elastically bendable in the direction of the insulated surface for attachment to that surface; 5. A member according to claim 4, which elastically deflects the mat in the direction of said surface. 6 The fixing rim extends transversely to the connecting rim to protect the elastically flexible portion of the mat material from losing its elasticity during use under the high temperature conditions for which the component is intended to be used. In order to
6. A component according to claim 5, wherein the fixing rim is located near the cold surface. 7 Claim in which the yoke has a pair of connecting rims, the rims being connected together by a fixing rim so that the yoke has a groove-shaped cross section, the free end portion of the connecting rim being connected to one of the anchor members. The member according to any one of the ranges 4 to 6. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the anchoring means comprises a plurality of elongated anchor tubes spaced laterally within the mat, each tube having a connecting rim connected thereto. Element. 9. Claims in which the connecting means includes a fastening device to be attached to the surface to be insulated to attach the connecting means to the surface, the fastening device forming a fixing area located approximately centrally with respect to the circumference of the cold surface. The member according to any one of Items 1 to 8. 10. The connecting means comprises a yoke having a pair of connecting rims, the rims being connected together by a locking rim to give the yoke a groove-shaped cross-section, the free end portions of the connecting rim being connected to the anchor member. ,
10. A member according to claim 9, wherein the fixing device is fixed to the fixing rim. 11. The fastening device comprises a fastening member as a welding stud to be fixed to the surface by an internal welding operation, the welding stud being threaded and having deflection means as a nut biasing the attachment means in the direction of the surface. 11. The member according to claim 10, which comprises: 12. A claim in which the fixing device comprises a fixing bracket fixed to the connecting means, the fixing bracket having a hole through which the fusible part of the welding stud passes, and an arc shield surrounding the fusible part. The member according to item 11. 13 A fixing member is provided on the fixing device, the fixing member being suitable for fixing to the surface to be insulated, the fixing member being able to elastically press or compress the mat against the surface. 11. A member according to claim 10, further comprising deflection means for pressing the fixing member and thus the attachment means against the surface into firm engagement with the fixing member. 14. The member of claim 9, wherein the attachment means are embedded within the mat and the fixing device forms a fixing area located near the cold surface and approximately centrally located relative to the circumference of the cold surface. . 15. A member according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the attachment means are embedded within the mat and the anchoring means are arranged so as to extend transversely to the fiber plane. 16. A patent in which the yoke is flattened in the connecting region between each connecting limb and the fixing rim to reduce bending resistance in the connecting region and to allow bending of the connecting limbs toward and away from each other. The member according to claim 7. 17 The elongated anchor member is arranged to extend through the mat to distribute the force on the connecting means through the mat so that the connecting means is pressed against the furnace surface for connection with the furnace surface. 17. A member according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the mat cold surface is elastically compressed into substantially complete engagement with the furnace surface. 18 Claims 1 to 1, wherein the connecting means is removably connected to the anchor member.
The member according to any of Item 7. 19. The member of claim 7, wherein the connecting rim is a continuous extension of locking rim material at opposite ends of the locking rim. 20. Any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the anchoring means comprises a pair of elongated tubular anchor members each projecting a surface area of about 10% of the projected area of the module in the direction of the cold surface. Parts listed. 21 Claims 1 to 2 in which the pine comprises a composite pine having multiple layers of different heat insulating materials
The member according to any of item 0. 22 When the insulation module is attached to the furnace wall surface with a corresponding insulation module for furnace wall surface insulation and the mat is attached to the furnace surface, the mat end perpendicular to the furnace surface is also attached to the furnace surface. 22. A member according to any one of claims 1 to 21, which is in an elastically compressed relationship with an end of the module pine perpendicular to the furnace surface, and wherein the heat insulating material is made of a ceramic fiber heat insulating material. 23. The connecting means comprises an anchoring area used for attaching the connecting means to the furnace surface to be insulated, said anchoring area recessed into the cold side of the mat but located closer to the cold side than the anchoring means. The member according to claim 1. 24 A method for insulating a furnace surface, in which a mat of elastically compressible insulating material having a cold side and an opposite hot side to be placed in contact with the furnace surface is spaced from both the cold side and the hot side. Attach to the furnace surface using an attachment means with a hole, apply force to the attachment means to displace the attachment means to the furnace surface, and press the low-temperature surface of the mat to bring it into close contact with the furnace surface. A method characterized in that the means comprises anchoring means extending through the mat and spreading the force exerted through the mat to cause elastic compression of the cold surface of the mat against the furnace surface. 25. The method according to claim 24, wherein the low-temperature surface of the mat is deformed and comes into close contact with the furnace surface. 26. Claim 24 or 2, in which the attachment means is elastically displaced toward the furnace surface and elastically deflects the low-temperature surface of the mat to bring it into close contact with the furnace surface.
The method described in Section 5. 27. The method according to claim 24, wherein the cold side of the mat is compressed against the furnace surface to eliminate any void between the cold side and the furnace surface. 28. The method of claim 24, wherein the elastic compression of the cold surface is sufficient to prevent the formation of a void between the cold surface and the furnace surface during use. 29. The method of claim 24, wherein the attachment means are embedded within the mat before the mat is attached to the furnace surface.