JPS63307210A - Production of pig iron for steel making by cupola - Google Patents
Production of pig iron for steel making by cupolaInfo
- Publication number
- JPS63307210A JPS63307210A JP62143216A JP14321687A JPS63307210A JP S63307210 A JPS63307210 A JP S63307210A JP 62143216 A JP62143216 A JP 62143216A JP 14321687 A JP14321687 A JP 14321687A JP S63307210 A JPS63307210 A JP S63307210A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- iron
- coke
- cupola
- iron ore
- steel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明はキュポラによシ製鋼用銑を製造する方法に関す
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a method for producing steelmaking pig iron in a cupola.
従来キュポラは鋳物用の溶湯を得るための溶解炉として
用いられ製鋼用銑鉄を得るためには高炉を使用するのが
一般的であシ、鉄鉱石をそのま覧キュポラの溶解原料と
して配合して使用する前例はない。Traditionally, cupolas were used as melting furnaces to obtain molten metal for casting, and blast furnaces were generally used to obtain pig iron for steelmaking. There is no precedent for its use.
大量生産を基本とする高炉の生産を止め、少Ｃ１）
量で良質の製品を得るため鉄鋼スクラップよシキュボラ
によシ製鋼用銑を得る必要性が高まっている。鉄鋼スク
ラップ中には銅、錫等の溶解精錬によって除去できない
不純物が含まれこれらの元素を含む材料は有害となる限
界まで少量ずつ配合して使用しなければならない。一方
製鉄所よシ生産された材料を切断した残シのスクラップ
は鉄鉱石から得たもので良質であるが高価である。又高
炉よシ出た銑鉄の塊や還元鉄（直接還元）の利用も考え
られるが更に高価となる。In order to stop the production of blast furnaces, which are based on mass production, and to obtain high-quality products in small quantities, there is an increasing need to obtain steelmaking pig iron from steel scrap or shikubola. Iron and steel scrap contains impurities such as copper and tin that cannot be removed by melting and refining, and materials containing these elements must be mixed in small amounts until they become harmful. On the other hand, scrap, which is left over from cutting materials produced at steel mills, is obtained from iron ore and is of good quality but expensive. It is also possible to use lumps of pig iron from the blast furnace or reduced iron (direct reduction), but this would be even more expensive.
これらの高価な原料を配合した場合には経済的に操業が
成立しない問題が生ずる。When these expensive raw materials are blended, a problem arises in which the operation is not economically viable.
本発明は比較的安価な鉄鋼スクラップを使用し、合目的
に製鋼用銑を製造する方法を提供しようとするものであ
る。The present invention aims to provide a method for producing steelmaking pig iron using relatively inexpensive steel scrap.
本発明は鉄原料として鉄鋼スクラップと鉄鉱石を併用し
、かつ鉄鉱石をコークス上又はコー・（２）
クヌ中に混合して装入することを特徴とするキュポラに
よる製鋼用銑の製造方法である。The present invention relates to a method for producing steelmaking pig iron using a cupola, which uses both steel scrap and iron ore as iron raw materials, and which is characterized in that the iron ore is mixed and charged on top of coke or in coke (2). be.
すなわち、本発明はキュポラの新しい配合原料として鉄
鉱石を用いキュポラ内にて還元と溶解をする操業を行う
ものであって、鉄鋼スクラップは従来同様コークスと層
別に装入するが、鉄鉱石はコークスと混合又はコークス
直上に配合して装入するものである。鉄鉱石は１０箇径
以上の塊鉱石、焼結鉱又はベレットを使用するのがよい
。In other words, the present invention uses iron ore as a new mixed raw material for cupolas, and performs an operation in which iron ore is reduced and melted in the cupola. Steel scrap is charged separately with coke as in the past, but iron ore is charged separately with coke. It is mixed with coke or mixed directly above coke and charged. As the iron ore, it is preferable to use lump ore, sintered ore, or pellets with a diameter of 10 or more.
コークスと共に配合された鉄鉱石はキュボラ上部におけ
る予熱帯で昇温すると炉内ガスによシ還元が開始しＦｅ
Ｏの状態となる。第１図にガス組成と酸化鉄の還元平衡
図を示す。縦軸のガ−” 成分Ｃｏｔ／（ＣＯ１＋ＣＯ
）はキュポラにおいては燃焼率と称し、３０〜５０％の
間にある。第１図の一点鎖線はガス還元における操作線
であり、酸素原子数４．５上でこの燃焼率は６００〜９
００℃のこの図上で５０％以上にある。この結果は鉄鉱
石が予熱帯で十分還元され得る事を示している。When the iron ore mixed with coke is heated in the preheating zone in the upper part of Cubola, the gas in the furnace starts to reduce the iron ore, and Fe
The state becomes O. Figure 1 shows the gas composition and reduction equilibrium diagram of iron oxide. The component Cot/(CO1+CO
) is called the combustion rate in cupolas and is between 30 and 50%. The dash-dotted line in Figure 1 is the operating line for gas reduction, and the combustion rate is 600 to 9 when the number of oxygen atoms is 4.5.
It is above 50% on this figure at 00°C. This result shows that iron ore can be sufficiently reduced in the preheating zone.
第２図はキュポラ内部の各名称を説明するためのキュポ
ラ断面図を示す。これによって以下説明する。FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of the cupola for explaining the names inside the cupola. This will be explained below.
キュポラ内では原料の滞留時間が高炉に対して短いため
ガス還元は完全にＦｅまで進行せず溶解帯において酸化
鉄（Ｆｅｄ）の溶融が起シ赤熱コークス表面に接触する
。コークス表面上ではＦｅＯとＣの反応によシ還元が行
なわれる。一方鉄鋼スクラップは酸化鉄より約５０℃融
点が高いため若干下の位置で溶融が起る。In the cupola, the residence time of the raw material is shorter than in the blast furnace, so gas reduction does not completely progress to Fe, and iron oxide (Fed) melts in the melting zone and comes into contact with the red-hot coke surface. On the surface of the coke, reduction is carried out by the reaction of FeO and C. On the other hand, steel scrap has a melting point about 50°C higher than iron oxide, so melting occurs at a slightly lower position.
酸化鉄のコークス表面上での還元では完全にはＦｅとな
らず一部は酸化鉄の″ｉ〜液滴状態でスワブ層に達する
ものもある。鉄鋼スクラップの溶滴は過熱帯において一
部酸化しながら昇温し羽口下でのコークス温度を上げな
がら吸戻してスラグ層を通って湯溜部に降下する。この
鉄の溶液はスラグ層を通るときスラグと反応してスラグ
中の酸化鉄を還元する。この液体同士の反応は界面積が
大きく反応速度が大きい。When iron oxide is reduced on the coke surface, it does not completely become Fe, but some of it reaches the swab layer in the form of droplets of iron oxide.Droplets of steel scrap are partially oxidized in the superheated temperature. While increasing the temperature, the coke temperature under the tuyere is increased and sucked back, passing through the slag layer and falling into the sump.When this iron solution passes through the slag layer, it reacts with the slag to form iron oxide in the slag. This reaction between liquids has a large interfacial area and a high reaction rate.
逆に鉄鉱石をコークス上又はコークスの中に入れずキュ
ポラに鉄鉱石を鉄原料と共に配合した場合キュポラの溶
解帯で鉄鉱石が鉄鋼スクラップに優先して溶解しスクラ
ップの表面を覆うために熱伝達を阻害し、固体のま＼過
熱帯に入ると炉の温度が下り操業が不能となる問題があ
り、この操業における燃焼率は悪くコークス比が高くな
る欠点をもっている。Conversely, if iron ore is mixed with iron raw materials in the cupola without putting it on or in the coke, the iron ore melts preferentially to the steel scrap in the dissolution zone of the cupola, and heat transfer occurs because it covers the surface of the scrap. If it enters the superheated zone in a solid state, the temperature of the furnace will drop and operation will become impossible, and the combustion rate in this operation will be poor and the coke ratio will be high.
鉄鉱石を１０％配合したキュポラの溶解を実施した。 A cupola containing 10% iron ore was melted.
鉄鉱石は１０〜３０柑の塊鉱石でドータ／１ｚＦｅ６３
％である。鉄原料である鉄鋼スクラップは一部スクラッ
プ５０％、シュレッダ−スクラップ２０％及び故銑（自
動車エンヂン等の鋳物屑）１０％を使用した。コークス
は鋳物コークスより低質の高炉コークス相当品（サイズ
は５０〜１５０篩）を１４．２％（鉄原料を１００Ｘと
する、以下同じ）、石灰石は４．０％を配合した。Iron ore is a lump ore with a size of 10 to 30 kg and is 1zFe63.
%. Steel scrap, which is a raw material for iron, was partially made up of 50% scrap, 20% shredder scrap, and 10% waste pig iron (casting scraps from automobile engines, etc.). The coke was a product equivalent to blast furnace coke (size: 50 to 150 sieves), which is lower in quality than foundry coke, at 14.2% (iron raw material is 100X, hereinafter the same), and limestone was blended at 4.0%.
装入の順序としては鉄原料の上にコークスを入れ次に石
灰石、鉄鉱石を入れた。これにより炉内の分布としては
鉄鉱石は鉄スクラツプにほとんど混合されないものと思
われる。The order of charging was to put coke on top of the iron raw material, then limestone and iron ore. As a result, it is thought that iron ore is hardly mixed with iron scrap in terms of distribution within the furnace.
定常操業に入って８時間、１４５０℃の出湯温度で安定
操業が行なわれた。For 8 hours after entering regular operation, stable operation was carried out at a tapping temperature of 1450°C.
２０Ｔの熱風キュポラにより操業した結果得られた溶湯
成分とスラグの分析値は次の通シである。The analytical values of molten metal components and slag obtained as a result of operation using a 20T hot air cupola are as follows.
溶湯成分（重量％）
Ｃ８ｉ Ｍｒ Ｐ ８
２．５１ Ｑ、０４ ＣＬ１６
［１０３２０，０７０スヲグ成分（重量Ｘ）
ＣａＯ５ｉＯ１ＭｒＯＡｌ２Ｏ２ＦｅＯ！１．２
３１．８ ４．００ ２５．６
２．２３第３図に鉄鉱石の配合割合を変えて操業した
ときのコークス比の変化を示している。数回のデータを
もとにこの曲線を描いている。Molten metal component (weight%) C8i Mr P 8
2.51 Q, 04 CL16
[10320,070 Swog component (weight X) CaO5iO1MrOAl2O2FeO! 1.2
31.8 4.00 25.6
2.23 Figure 3 shows the change in coke ratio when operating with different blending ratios of iron ore. This curve is drawn based on data from several times.
従来の方法で鉄原料に鉄鉱石を配合する場合には鉄鉱石
の還元が不良でスラグ中に相当量の−Ｆｅ分がＦｅＯと
して移行し、Ｆｅ歩留りが悪かったがコークス中及びコ
ークス上部に配合することにより（鉄鉱石のサイズがコ
ークスよシ小さいのでコークス中にもぐる。）還元と溶
解が行にわれる。低い鉄鉱石の配合ではコークス比も粗
悪スクラップ（酸化物の多い）を使う場合と同程度であ
る。鉄鉱石を使うことによシネ鈍物（Ｃｕ。When iron ore is blended into the iron raw material using the conventional method, the reduction of the iron ore is poor and a considerable amount of -Fe migrates into the slag as FeO, resulting in a poor Fe yield. (Since iron ore is smaller than coke, it soaks into the coke.) Reduction and dissolution are carried out. At low iron ore formulations, coke ratios are similar to those using poor quality scrap (high in oxides). By using iron ore, cine dull metal (Cu) is produced.
８ｎ）を含む安価なスクラップが配合できるため経済的
な操業が可能となる。Since inexpensive scrap containing 8n) can be blended, economical operation becomes possible.
第１図は本発明の予熱帯における還元挙動を証明する酸
化鉄の還元平衡図、第２図はキュポラ内部の各名称を説
明するキュポフ断面図、第３図は本発明の一実施例とし
てのキュポラに使用する鉄鉱石の割合とコークス比の関
係を示す図表である。
第１図
秩ろ原各当りの＠素の原子数
第３図
鉄鉱石配合割合 ％Fig. 1 is a reduction equilibrium diagram of iron oxide that proves the reduction behavior in the pre-heating zone of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a Kupov cross-sectional view explaining each name inside the cupola, and Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the reduction behavior of iron oxide as an example of the present invention. It is a chart showing the relationship between the proportion of iron ore used in cupola and coke ratio. Figure 1: Number of atoms per Chichirohara Figure 3: Iron ore blending ratio %
Claims (1)
鉱石をコークス上又はコークス中に混合して装入するこ
とを特徴とするキュポラによる製鋼用銑の製造方法。A method for producing steelmaking pig iron using a cupola, characterized in that steel scrap and iron ore are used in combination as iron raw materials, and the iron ore is mixed and charged on or in coke.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62143216A JPS63307210A (en) | 1987-06-10 | 1987-06-10 | Production of pig iron for steel making by cupola |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62143216A JPS63307210A (en) | 1987-06-10 | 1987-06-10 | Production of pig iron for steel making by cupola |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63307210A true JPS63307210A (en) | 1988-12-14 |
Family
ID=15333591
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62143216A Pending JPS63307210A (en) | 1987-06-10 | 1987-06-10 | Production of pig iron for steel making by cupola |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS63307210A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014043603A (en) * | 2012-08-24 | 2014-03-13 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal | Method for operating scrap-melting furnace |
-
1987
- 1987-06-10 JP JP62143216A patent/JPS63307210A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014043603A (en) * | 2012-08-24 | 2014-03-13 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal | Method for operating scrap-melting furnace |
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