JPS6327578B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6327578B2 JPS6327578B2 JP57190549A JP19054982A JPS6327578B2 JP S6327578 B2 JPS6327578 B2 JP S6327578B2 JP 57190549 A JP57190549 A JP 57190549A JP 19054982 A JP19054982 A JP 19054982A JP S6327578 B2 JPS6327578 B2 JP S6327578B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- boron nitride
- sintered layer
- porous sintered
- tungsten disulfide
- copolymer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- ITRNXVSDJBHYNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten disulfide Chemical compound S=[W]=S ITRNXVSDJBHYNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoropropylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 33
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 6
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- -1 etc. Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003679 aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QLOAVXSYZAJECW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;molecular fluorine Chemical compound C.FF QLOAVXSYZAJECW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102200082816 rs34868397 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002345 surface coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/24—Brasses; Bushes; Linings with different areas of the sliding surface consisting of different materials
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は軸受材料に係り、詳しくは、四弗化エ
チレン樹脂ならびに四弗化エチレンと六弗化エチ
レンの共重合体から成る樹脂が多孔質焼結層中に
含浸し、この樹脂中に固体潤滑剤中で熱的や化学
的に安定した性質を持つ窒化硼素、二硫化タング
ステンを添加し、多孔質軸受層の中に深く含浸
し、摩擦係数が小さく摩耗量も小さくおさえら
れ、裏金ともに良好に密着し、表面層が摩耗して
もその下の多孔質焼結層で一層高い軸受性能が保
持でき、熱的、化学的に安定な軸受材料に係る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a bearing material, and more particularly, a porous sintered layer is impregnated with a resin made of tetrafluoroethylene resin and a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoroethylene. Boron nitride and tungsten disulfide, which have thermally and chemically stable properties in solid lubricants, are added to this resin, and are deeply impregnated into the porous bearing layer, resulting in a low friction coefficient and low wear amount. The present invention relates to a thermally and chemically stable bearing material that can be held in place, has good adhesion to both the back metal, and even if the surface layer is worn out, the porous sintered layer underneath can maintain even higher bearing performance.
最近、自動車その他機器の回転部分には潤滑油
を用いた軸受、所謂湿式ベアリングの代りに、固
体潤滑剤を用いた軸受、所謂ドライベアリングが
使用されている。このドライベアリングは主とし
て負荷重により種々の構造や組成のものが開発さ
れ、その一つとして鋼板等の裏金上に銅又は銅合
金等（以、Cu等という）の粉末の多孔質焼結層
を被着形成し、この焼結層中に弗素樹脂を含浸さ
せたものが提案されている。 Recently, instead of bearings using lubricating oil, so-called wet bearings, bearings using solid lubricant, so-called dry bearings, have been used in rotating parts of automobiles and other equipment. Dry bearings have been developed with various structures and compositions depending on the load, one of which is a porous sintered layer of copper or copper alloy (hereinafter referred to as Cu) powder on a backing metal such as a steel plate. It has been proposed that a sintered layer is formed by adhesion and a fluororesin is impregnated into the sintered layer.
このベアリングではCu等の粉末として球状若
しくはそれに近い形状のものが用いられるため、
Cu等の多孔質焼結層において粉末粒子間には円
弧面若しくはそれに近い曲線で包囲される孔隙が
形成され、その孔隙に弗素樹脂が含浸されるた
め、弗素樹脂が離脱し易く、弗素樹脂自体も摺動
速度が大きくなると、摩擦係数が大きくなり、耐
摩耗性が劣化するのが欠点である。 This bearing uses powder such as Cu that is spherical or has a shape close to it.
In a porous sintered layer of Cu, etc., pores surrounded by arcuate surfaces or curves close to them are formed between powder particles, and the fluororesin is impregnated into the pores, so the fluororesin easily separates and the fluororesin itself However, as the sliding speed increases, the friction coefficient increases and wear resistance deteriorates, which is a disadvantage.
また、この弗素樹脂の欠点を補い、更に、潤滑
特性の一層の向上から、樹脂中に黒鉛、窒化硼
素、二硫化モリブデンや二硫化タングステン等の
硫化物を含浸させたベアリングも提案されている
が、これらの多孔質焼結層中への分散性から、窒
化硼素や二硫化タングステンを添加したものが少
なく、これらを添加したものでもその添加効果が
十分にいかされていない。すなわち、固体潤滑剤
としては、黒鉛のほか、モリブデン等の金属、更
に、種々の金属酸化物、合属硫化物が知られてい
るが、この中で、窒化硼素、二硫化タングステン
がその構造的特性から潤滑性にすぐれるほか、熱
的ならびに化学的性質がきわめて高い。しかし、
窒化硼素、二硫化タングステンはきわめて高価
で、多孔質焼結層中への含浸がむづかしく、固体
潤滑剤としては多量に添加しなければならないた
め、一般には、黒鉛や二硫化モリブデン等が添加
されている。このため、このような軸受である
と、高温、高負荷運転条件では変質し、軸受性能
が劣化する。 In addition, bearings have been proposed in which the resin is impregnated with sulfides such as graphite, boron nitride, molybdenum disulfide, and tungsten disulfide, in order to compensate for the drawbacks of fluororesin and further improve the lubrication properties. Due to their dispersibility in the porous sintered layer, there are few materials in which boron nitride or tungsten disulfide is added, and even in those in which these are added, the effects of their addition are not fully utilized. In other words, in addition to graphite, metals such as molybdenum, various metal oxides, and metal sulfides are known as solid lubricants, but among these, boron nitride and tungsten disulfide are known due to their structural characteristics. In addition to its excellent lubricity, it also has extremely high thermal and chemical properties. but,
Boron nitride and tungsten disulfide are extremely expensive, difficult to impregnate into the porous sintered layer, and must be added in large quantities as a solid lubricant, so graphite, molybdenum disulfide, etc. are generally added. has been done. Therefore, such a bearing undergoes deterioration under high temperature and high load operating conditions, resulting in deterioration of bearing performance.
更に、上記形式のベアリングでは球状若しくは
それに近い形状の粉末を使用するため、コストが
高くなり、また、裏金の鋼板上には予めCu等の
メツキ層を形成してから、その上にCu等の多孔
質焼結層を形成することになり、その製造工程が
きわめてはん雑化し、この面からもコスト高にな
つている。 Furthermore, the above types of bearings use powder with a spherical or similar shape, which increases the cost.Also, a plating layer of Cu or the like is formed in advance on the steel plate of the back metal, and then a plating layer of Cu or the like is formed on the backing steel plate. This results in the formation of a porous sintered layer, making the manufacturing process extremely complicated, and this also increases costs.
本発明は上記の欠点の解決を目的とし、具体的
には、Cu等の多孔質焼結層に弗素樹脂ならびに
窒化硼素を小量含浸させ、しかも、この小量の二
硫化タングステン、窒化硼素を多孔質焼結層中に
深くかつ均一に分散させ、高温、高負荷運転でも
きわめて安定であり、摺動速度が速められても耐
摩耗性が劣化せず、表面の弗素樹脂層が摩減して
も内部に耐摩耗性に優れる固体潤滑剤が安定して
存在する軸受材料を提案する。 The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks, and specifically, a porous sintered layer made of Cu or the like is impregnated with a small amount of fluororesin and boron nitride, and this small amount of tungsten disulfide and boron nitride is Dispersed deeply and uniformly in the porous sintered layer, it is extremely stable even at high temperatures and high loads, and its wear resistance does not deteriorate even when the sliding speed is increased, and the fluororesin layer on the surface is not worn away. We propose a bearing material in which a solid lubricant with excellent wear resistance exists stably inside the bearing material.
以下、本発明について詳しく説明する。 The present invention will be explained in detail below.
まず、裏金として通常は磨帯鋼を用い、その上
にCu等の粉末の多孔質焼結層を形成する。この
粉末としては従来例の如く球状やそれに近い形状
のものを用いず、これ以外の不規則形状、例えば
表面に突起やせん端部を持つもの、棒状、片状、
塊状、半球状、だ円状等の粉末を用いる。また、
裏金の表面には予めCu等のメツキ層を形成する
こともでき、焼結は裏金上にCu等の粉末を散布
し、無加圧状態で常法によつて焼結すれば良い。 First, a ground steel is usually used as the back metal, and a porous sintered layer of powder such as Cu is formed thereon. This powder does not have a spherical or similar shape as in conventional examples, but has other irregular shapes, such as those with protrusions or slits on the surface, rods, flakes, etc.
Use powder in the form of lumps, hemispheres, ellipses, etc. Also,
A plating layer of Cu or the like can be formed in advance on the surface of the backing metal, and sintering can be done by scattering powder of Cu or the like on the backing metal and sintering in a conventional manner without pressure.
次に、この多孔質焼結層中に、四弗化エチレン
樹脂80重量％（以下、単に％のみを示す）以上な
らびに四弗化エチレンと六弗化プロピレンとの共
重合体３％以上とともに窒化硼素0.3〜１％なら
びに二硫化タングステン0.1〜３％を含浸させる。 Next, in this porous sintered layer, 80% by weight or more of tetrafluoroethylene resin (hereinafter, only % is shown) and 3% or more of a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropylene are nitrided. Impregnation with 0.3-1% boron and 0.1-3% tungsten disulfide.
従来から、固体潤滑剤として窒化硼素、二硫化
タングステンが知られ、また、合成樹脂の中で四
弗化エチレン樹脂や共重合体は摩擦係数が小さく
すべり易い性質を持つていることが知られてい
る。また、四弗化エチレン樹脂はかかる特性を持
つに拘らず耐摩耗性に乏しいため、上記の如き理
由から二硫化モリブデン、黒鉛等を配合した軸受
が用いられていることも知られている。また、こ
れらの固体潤滑剤の配合によつてある程度耐摩耗
性が改善されるが、これら固体潤滑剤の中で二硫
化タングステン、窒化硼素が最もすぐれている
が、高価のことと多孔質焼結層の中に深くかつ均
一に分散されないことから、多量に添加できない
こともあつて、それ程改善されない。とくに、四
弗化エチレン樹脂のみから成るときは溶融粘度が
例えば1011〜1012ポイズの如く異常に高いため、
後記の如く焼成時に固体潤滑剤を多孔質焼結層中
に均一に深く分散させることがむづかしい。ま
た、四弗化エチレン樹脂の微粒子の水性懸濁液を
用いてその液中に窒化硼素等を分散させて多孔質
焼結層上に塗布する場合にも、液中に窒化硼素等
を均一に分散させるのがきわめてむづかしいほ
か、それにより深く含浸できず耐摩耗性の向上が
所定通り達成できず、寿命を大巾に向上させるこ
とができない。 Boron nitride and tungsten disulfide have long been known as solid lubricants, and among synthetic resins, tetrafluoroethylene resins and copolymers are known to have low coefficients of friction and slippery properties. There is. It is also known that although tetrafluoroethylene resin has such properties, it has poor wear resistance, and for the reasons mentioned above, bearings containing molybdenum disulfide, graphite, etc. are used. In addition, the wear resistance can be improved to some extent by blending these solid lubricants, but among these solid lubricants, tungsten disulfide and boron nitride are the best, but they are expensive and have problems with porous sintering. Since it is not dispersed deeply and uniformly in the layer, it may not be possible to add it in large amounts, and therefore it does not provide much improvement. In particular, when it is made only of tetrafluoroethylene resin, the melt viscosity is abnormally high, for example, 10 11 to 10 12 poise.
As will be described later, it is difficult to uniformly and deeply disperse the solid lubricant in the porous sintered layer during firing. Also, when applying an aqueous suspension of fine particles of tetrafluoroethylene resin to a porous sintered layer with boron nitride, etc. dispersed in the suspension, the boron nitride, etc. can be uniformly dispersed in the liquid. In addition to being extremely difficult to disperse, it also prevents deep impregnation, prevents the desired improvement in wear resistance, and prevents a significant improvement in service life.
この点から、本発明においては四弗化エチレン
樹脂の低摩擦性と滑動性の特徴を有効に利用する
ほか、二硫化タングステン、窒化硼素は小量の添
加に限られるが、多孔質焼結層中に深く含浸でき
れば、きわめて有効であることに着目し、この含
浸キヤリヤとして四弗化エチレンと六弗化プロピ
レンの共重合体（以下、単に共重合体という）を
有効に利用し、これによつて窒化硼素、二硫化タ
ングステンを多孔質焼結層中に深く含浸する。 From this point of view, in the present invention, in addition to effectively utilizing the low friction and sliding characteristics of tetrafluoroethylene resin, the addition of tungsten disulfide and boron nitride is limited to small amounts, but the porous sintered layer We focused on the fact that it would be extremely effective if it could be deeply impregnated into the water, and we effectively utilized a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropylene (hereinafter simply referred to as copolymer) as the impregnation carrier. Then, boron nitride and tungsten disulfide are deeply impregnated into the porous sintered layer.
すなわち、四弗化エチレン樹脂は軸受としての
表面層を形成し、表面層で低摩耗性、滑動性を確
保するためには、少なくとも80％程度は必要であ
り、これに対して、窒化硼素、二硫化タングステ
ンを深く含浸させるために、四弗化エチレン樹脂
との関連性から３％以上の共重合体が必要であ
る。 In other words, tetrafluoroethylene resin forms the surface layer of the bearing, and in order to ensure low wear and sliding properties in the surface layer, at least 80% is required. In order to deeply impregnate the tungsten disulfide, 3% or more of the copolymer is required due to its relationship with the tetrafluoroethylene resin.
換言すると、共重合体はその特性において四弗
化エチレン樹脂とほとんど似ているため、例えば
米国特許3376183号明細書に記載される如き軸受
材料も提案されている。しかし、この共重合体は
摩擦係数は四弗化エチレン樹脂に比べて２〜３倍
の如く高く、摩耗量も大きく、低摩擦性や滑動性
の上からは好ましくない。しかし、この共重合体
は、窒化硼素、二硫化タングステンとぬれ性が高
く、それ自体溶融して流れ易いことからキヤリヤ
としての機能を十分に発揮し、多孔質焼結層の孔
隙中に深くかつ強固に窒化硼素、二硫化タングス
テンを含浸させ、かつそれが保持される。その
上、共重合体自体も四弗化エチレン樹脂と相溶
し、均一に含浸できる。また、共重合体は衝激強
度が高く、この面から軸受性能が向上し、融点が
270℃前後の如く低く、かつ流動性に富むため、
軸受面の温度が高まつても、軸受面に共重合体が
他の潤滑剤とともに流出し、潤滑性を保持でき
る。 In other words, since the copolymer is almost similar in its properties to tetrafluoroethylene resin, bearing materials such as those described in US Pat. No. 3,376,183 have also been proposed. However, the coefficient of friction of this copolymer is 2 to 3 times higher than that of tetrafluoroethylene resin, and the amount of wear is also large, making it undesirable in terms of low friction and sliding properties. However, this copolymer has high wettability with boron nitride and tungsten disulfide, and since it melts and flows easily, it functions well as a carrier, and can be used deeply in the pores of the porous sintered layer. Strongly impregnated with boron nitride and tungsten disulfide and retained. Furthermore, the copolymer itself is compatible with the tetrafluoroethylene resin and can be impregnated uniformly. Copolymers also have high impact strength, which improves bearing performance and lowers the melting point.
Because it is as low as around 270℃ and has high fluidity,
Even when the temperature of the bearing surface increases, the copolymer flows out onto the bearing surface together with other lubricants, and lubricity can be maintained.
また、窒化硼素0.3〜１％、二硫化タングステ
ン0.1〜３％を配合するのは、経剤性、耐摩耗性、
耐摩擦性や滑動性の保持のほか、熱的、化学的に
安定であることによる。 In addition, the combination of 0.3 to 1% boron nitride and 0.1 to 3% tungsten disulfide improves aging properties, wear resistance,
In addition to maintaining friction resistance and sliding properties, it is also thermally and chemically stable.
すなわち、窒化硼素や二硫化タングステンを配
合すると、耐摩耗性が向上する。この中で窒化硼
素は六角格子の結晶構造を有し、層間に所調へき
開が起こり、黒鉛に比べてもきわめて優れた潤滑
性を示すが、熱伝導率が大きく、高温で安定で化
学的にも安定である。このため、窒化硼素の添加
は最小限にとどめてその特性を最大限に発揮する
ことが必要である。この点、本発明では四弗化エ
チレン樹脂と共重合体との相剰効果により窒化硼
素の分散性が高められるため、少なくとも0.3％
添加されると、その特性は十分に発揮できる。な
お、窒化硼素は経済性からその上限は1.0％とす
るが、経済性が許されれば1.0％以上添加できる。
また、二硫化タングステンは層状格子構造を有
し、この薄いりん片同志の摩擦抵抗がきわめて小
さいため、二硫化モリブデンに比べても優れた潤
滑性を示す。更に、二硫化モリブデンに比べる
と、熱的、化学的にきわめて安定度が高い。従つ
て、二硫化タングステンも窒化硼素と同様に少な
くとも0.1％程度添加するのみでも十分かつ均一
に分散できるため、その特性が発揮できる。二硫
化タングステンの上限は経済性から３％程度が好
ましい。 That is, when boron nitride or tungsten disulfide is blended, wear resistance is improved. Among these, boron nitride has a hexagonal lattice crystal structure, with some cleavage occurring between the layers, and exhibits extremely superior lubricity compared to graphite, but it also has high thermal conductivity, is stable at high temperatures, and is chemically is also stable. Therefore, it is necessary to keep the addition of boron nitride to a minimum to maximize its properties. In this regard, in the present invention, the dispersibility of boron nitride is increased due to the mutual effect of the tetrafluoroethylene resin and the copolymer, so that the dispersibility of boron nitride is increased by at least 0.3%.
When added, its properties can be fully demonstrated. Note that the upper limit of boron nitride is set at 1.0% from economical considerations, but if economical efficiency permits, 1.0% or more can be added.
In addition, tungsten disulfide has a layered lattice structure, and the frictional resistance between the thin scale pieces is extremely small, so it exhibits superior lubricity compared to molybdenum disulfide. Furthermore, compared to molybdenum disulfide, it has extremely high thermal and chemical stability. Therefore, like boron nitride, tungsten disulfide can be sufficiently and uniformly dispersed even if it is added in an amount of at least 0.1%, so that its properties can be exhibited. The upper limit of tungsten disulfide is preferably about 3% from the economic point of view.
なお、窒化硼素、二硫化タングステンのほか
に、所望に応じて、黒鉛、二硫化モリブデン、弗
化黒鉛、低融点金属（例えば、Pbその他）、金属
酸化物等の如く一般の固体潤滑剤を添加できる。 In addition to boron nitride and tungsten disulfide, general solid lubricants such as graphite, molybdenum disulfide, graphite fluoride, low melting point metals (such as Pb and others), metal oxides, etc. may be added as desired. can.
また、四弗化エチレン樹脂、共重合体、窒化硼
素、二硫化タングステン等を含浸させる場合、均
一に深く含浸できれば何れの態様によつても良い
が、次の通りに含浸させることができる。 Further, when impregnating with tetrafluoroethylene resin, copolymer, boron nitride, tungsten disulfide, etc., any embodiment may be used as long as it can be impregnated uniformly and deeply, but it can be impregnated as follows.
まず、共重合体を水性懸濁液の状態とし、これ
ら対し、窒化硼素や二硫化タングステンを添加し
て均一に混合してから、これと四弗化エチレン樹
脂を均一に混合する。次に、これを裏金上のCu
等の多孔質焼結層の表面に塗布して表面塗布層を
受圧下で100℃程度に加熱乾燥して水分を除去し、
その後、表面から加圧する。このように加圧する
と、表面の四弗化エチレン樹脂、共重合体、窒化
硼素等の微粒子は均一に分散された状態で多孔質
焼結層中の各孔隙の中に深く入り、良好に含浸で
きる。その後は300℃以上の温度で加熱焼成する
と、含浸物質のうちで少なくとも共重合体が溶融
し、しかも、流動性が良いため、強固に被着含浸
できる。なお、焼成温度を350℃以上にすると、
四弗化エチレン樹脂も溶融し、溶融粘度が異常に
高くても、先に、この微粒子は加圧されているた
め、粒子相互間が強固に結合し多孔質焼結層に強
固に保持できる。 First, the copolymer is made into an aqueous suspension, boron nitride and tungsten disulfide are added thereto and mixed uniformly, and then this and the tetrafluoroethylene resin are uniformly mixed. Next, add this to the Cu on the backing metal.
The surface coating layer is heated to about 100℃ under pressure and dried to remove moisture.
Then, apply pressure from the surface. When pressurized in this way, the fine particles of tetrafluoroethylene resin, copolymer, boron nitride, etc. on the surface penetrate deeply into each pore in the porous sintered layer in a uniformly dispersed state, resulting in good impregnation. can. Thereafter, when the material is heated and baked at a temperature of 300° C. or higher, at least the copolymer among the impregnating substances is melted, and since it has good fluidity, it can be firmly adhered and impregnated. In addition, if the firing temperature is 350℃ or higher,
Even if the tetrafluoroethylene resin is melted and the melt viscosity is abnormally high, since the fine particles are pressurized first, the particles are strongly bonded to each other and can be firmly held in the porous sintered layer.
次に、実施例について説明する。 Next, examples will be described.
まず、裏金として厚さ1.0mmの磨帯鋼を用い、
この裏金の上に不規則形状のCu粉70重量部とCu
−Sn合金粉30重量部の混合粉を散布し、950〜
1050℃で焼結し、裏金表面に厚さ0.2mmの多孔質
焼結層を被着形成した。 First, we used a 1.0mm thick polished band steel as the back metal.
70 parts by weight of irregularly shaped Cu powder and Cu
− Sprinkle a mixed powder of 30 parts by weight of Sn alloy powder, and
Sintering was performed at 1050°C to form a porous sintered layer with a thickness of 0.2 mm on the surface of the backing metal.
次に、水懸濁液状態の共重合体７％に200〜300
メツシユ粒径の窒化硼素１％を均一に混合してか
ら、これに四弗化エチレン樹脂92％を配合して均
一に混合した。次に、上記多孔質焼結層上に上記
の混合物を塗布してから、約100℃で乾燥して水
分を除去する。その後、表面から加圧して含浸さ
せると共に、微粒子の間に強固に結合し、更に
350〜400℃で焼成して一体化した。なお、この軸
受材料は表面層が主として四弗化エチレン樹脂か
ら成つてその下の多孔質焼結層の粒子間に窒化硼
素が深く含浸されている構造であつた。 Next, add 200 to 300% to 7% of the copolymer in the water suspension state.
After 1% of boron nitride having a mesh particle size was mixed uniformly, 92% of tetrafluoroethylene resin was added thereto and mixed uniformly. Next, the above mixture is applied onto the porous sintered layer, and then dried at about 100°C to remove moisture. After that, pressure is applied from the surface to impregnate it, and the fine particles are firmly bonded to each other, and further
They were integrated by firing at 350-400℃. This bearing material had a structure in which the surface layer was mainly made of tetrafluoroethylene resin and boron nitride was deeply impregnated between the particles of the porous sintered layer below.
この軸受材料につき次の条件で摩耗試験を行な
い、とくに、全く無給油の状態で行なつた。 A wear test was conducted on this bearing material under the following conditions, and in particular, the test was conducted without any lubrication.
＜試験条件＞
測定装置：東洋ボールドウイン摩擦摩耗試験機
相手材：S45C材（HRC55、高周波焼入）
面圧：20、40、60、80、100Kg／cm2と変化させた
周速×時間：20ｍ／min×30分
この試験結果を示すと、第１図及び第２図の通
りであつた。すなわち、第１図は面圧と動摩擦係
数との関係を示すグラフであり、第２図は摺動時
間と平均摩耗深さとの関係を示すグラフである。
第１図ならびに第２図において、符号１は本発明
に係るものであり、符号２は比較のために四弗化
エチレン樹脂に窒化硼素を添加したもので、その
組成は上記組成から共重合体のみを除いたもので
ある。<Test conditions> Measuring device: Toyo Baldwin Friction and Wear Tester Compatible material: S45C material (H RC 55, induction hardening) Surface pressure: 20, 40, 60, 80, 100Kg/cm 2 and peripheral speed x Time: 20 m/min x 30 minutes The test results are shown in Figures 1 and 2. That is, FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between surface pressure and dynamic friction coefficient, and FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between sliding time and average wear depth.
In Figures 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 is related to the present invention, and reference numeral 2 is a resin obtained by adding boron nitride to tetrafluoroethylene resin, whose composition is based on the above composition. This excludes only
この第１図から２の比較例では四弗化エチレン
樹脂自体が高い自己潤滑性を持つて多い摩擦係数
を持つているにも拘らず、窒化硼素を添加しても
それ程摩擦係数の低下がみられず、面圧が高くな
ると、摩擦係数の増加率が大きくなり、これは窒
化硼素の分散に問題があると思われる。これに対
し本発明の場合は、符号１に示す如く四弗化エチ
レン樹脂のほかに共重合体が添加されているにも
拘らず、摩擦係数は低く保持され、窒化硼素が全
体にわたつて均一に分散されていることがわか
る。 In the comparative examples shown in Figures 1 and 2, although the tetrafluoroethylene resin itself has high self-lubricating properties and a high coefficient of friction, the addition of boron nitride does not significantly reduce the coefficient of friction. When the contact pressure increases, the rate of increase in the coefficient of friction increases, and this seems to be due to a problem with the dispersion of boron nitride. On the other hand, in the case of the present invention, even though a copolymer is added in addition to the tetrafluoroethylene resin as shown in code 1, the coefficient of friction is kept low, and boron nitride is uniformly distributed throughout. It can be seen that it is distributed in
また、第２図は面圧60Kg／cm2で摺動時間×平均
摩耗深さの関係を示し、この第２図において本発
明に係る符号１のものは窒化硼素が添加されてい
ることから、四弗化エチレン樹脂のみから成る符
号２で示す比較例に比べて平均摩耗深さは大巾に
減少し、とくに、摺動時間約60分までは摩耗し、
平均摩耗深さは約5μｍまで達するが、その後は、
摺動に伴なつて摩耗はほとんど進まないことがわ
かる。この事は共重合体の一部が溶融して潤滑効
果が十分に発揮し、とくに、この溶融物が相手材
に転移して良好な潤滑層が形成しているからと思
われる。 In addition, Fig. 2 shows the relationship between sliding time x average wear depth at a surface pressure of 60 kg/cm 2 , and in Fig. 2, the one with reference numeral 1 according to the present invention has boron nitride added. Compared to the comparative example shown by code 2, which is made only of tetrafluoroethylene resin, the average abrasion depth is significantly reduced, and the wear is particularly severe up to approximately 60 minutes of sliding time.
The average wear depth reaches approximately 5μm, but after that,
It can be seen that wear hardly progresses with sliding. This seems to be because a part of the copolymer melts and exhibits a sufficient lubricating effect, and in particular, this melt transfers to the mating material to form a good lubricating layer.
更に、本発明に係るものに対し窒化硼素の一部
を二硫化タングステンで置換したものを同様に試
験したところ、その結果は符号３で示す通りであ
り、この軸受も上記の如く本発明に係るものと同
様な構造であつた。 Furthermore, a bearing according to the present invention in which part of the boron nitride was replaced with tungsten disulfide was similarly tested, and the results were as shown by reference numeral 3, and as described above, this bearing also corresponds to the present invention. It had a similar structure.
以上詳しく説明した通り、本発明は、四弗化エ
チレン樹脂に小量の窒化硼素、二硫化タングステ
ンを添加し、これに四弗化エチレンと六弗化プロ
ピレンの共重合体を添加し、多孔質焼結層中への
含浸を高めるもので、潤滑性能が大巾に向上する
ほか、熱的、化学的性質がきわめて安定で高速高
負荷運転にきわめて好適である。また、多孔質焼
結層はCu等の不規則形状の粉末から成るため、
その粉末間に形成される孔隙により含浸物質が強
固に保持され、これによつて耐摩耗性は一層向上
する。 As explained in detail above, the present invention adds small amounts of boron nitride and tungsten disulfide to tetrafluoroethylene resin, and adds a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropylene to this to form a porous resin. It increases impregnation into the sintered layer, greatly improving lubrication performance, and has extremely stable thermal and chemical properties, making it extremely suitable for high-speed, high-load operation. In addition, since the porous sintered layer is made of irregularly shaped powder such as Cu,
The impregnated substance is firmly held by the pores formed between the powders, thereby further improving wear resistance.
第１図は各面圧と動摩擦係数との関係を示すグ
ラフ、第２図は各摺動時間と平均摩耗深さとの関
係を示すグラフである。
符号１……本発明に係る軸受材料、２……比較
例に係る軸受材料（四弗化エチレン樹脂＋窒化硼
素コーテイング層）、３……本発明に係る軸受材
料。
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between each surface pressure and the coefficient of dynamic friction, and FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between each sliding time and average wear depth. Reference numerals 1: Bearing material according to the present invention, 2: Bearing material according to a comparative example (tetrafluoroethylene resin + boron nitride coating layer), 3: Bearing material according to the present invention.
Claims (1)
状の粉末の多孔質焼結層中に、四弗化エチレン樹
脂80重量％以上ならびに四弗化エチレンと六弗化
プロピレンの共重合体３重量％以上の樹脂が加圧
含浸され、この樹脂中に窒化硼素0.3〜１重量％
または二硫化タングステン0.1〜３重量％の一種
または二種が添加され、しかも、前記多孔質焼結
層中に含浸分散させて成ることを特徴とする軸受
材料。1 In a porous sintered layer of irregularly shaped powder of copper or copper alloy deposited on the backing metal, 80% by weight or more of tetrafluoroethylene resin and a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropylene 3% by weight or more of resin is impregnated under pressure, and 0.3 to 1% by weight of boron nitride is contained in this resin.
Alternatively, a bearing material comprising 0.1 to 3% by weight of tungsten disulfide added thereto and impregnated and dispersed in the porous sintered layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19054982A JPS5980522A (en) | 1982-10-29 | 1982-10-29 | Bearing material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19054982A JPS5980522A (en) | 1982-10-29 | 1982-10-29 | Bearing material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5980522A JPS5980522A (en) | 1984-05-10 |
| JPS6327578B2 true JPS6327578B2 (en) | 1988-06-03 |
Family
ID=16259922
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19054982A Granted JPS5980522A (en) | 1982-10-29 | 1982-10-29 | Bearing material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5980522A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100496214B1 (en) * | 1998-07-29 | 2005-06-21 | 다이킨 고교 가부시키가이샤 | Bearing for refrigerating machine compressor and compressor |
| DE102009055239A1 (en) * | 2009-12-23 | 2011-06-30 | Federal-Mogul Wiesbaden GmbH, 65201 | Layer composite |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3376183A (en) * | 1964-05-05 | 1968-04-02 | Federal Mogul Corp | Method of making a composite bearing material |
| JPS5335099A (en) * | 1976-09-09 | 1978-04-01 | Toray Industries | Abrasive strength enhancing agent for fiber article |
| JPS5392307A (en) * | 1976-08-27 | 1978-08-14 | Nippon Dia Clevite Co | Production of dry bearing |
| JPS5445440A (en) * | 1977-09-19 | 1979-04-10 | Oiles Industry Co Ltd | Double layer bearing and method of producing same |
-
1982
- 1982-10-29 JP JP19054982A patent/JPS5980522A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3376183A (en) * | 1964-05-05 | 1968-04-02 | Federal Mogul Corp | Method of making a composite bearing material |
| JPS5392307A (en) * | 1976-08-27 | 1978-08-14 | Nippon Dia Clevite Co | Production of dry bearing |
| JPS5335099A (en) * | 1976-09-09 | 1978-04-01 | Toray Industries | Abrasive strength enhancing agent for fiber article |
| JPS5445440A (en) * | 1977-09-19 | 1979-04-10 | Oiles Industry Co Ltd | Double layer bearing and method of producing same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5980522A (en) | 1984-05-10 |
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