JPS63271048A - Shutter device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To increase the closing force and the opening force and improve characteristic of opening of a shutter plate and its closing characteristic by a method wherein an opening force applying member for the shutter plate and a closing force applying member are formed by a shape memory alloy material. CONSTITUTION:An upper end of a closing force applying member 17 formed in a coil shape by a shape memory alloy material is engaged with a hook member 18 of insulation material and a lower end of the closing force applying member is engaged with an upper stage insulation member 15. With this arrangement, the closing force applying member 17 biases a connecting lever 12 upwardly and pivotally biases the shutter plate 8 in a closing direction. A lower end of an opening force applying member 19 formed in a coil shape by the shape memory alloy member is engaged with a hook member 20 and its upper end is engaged with a lower stage insulation member 16. With this arrangement the opening force applying member 19 biases the connection lever 12 downwardly and the shutter plate 8 is pivotally biased in its opening direction. When the shutter plate 8 is kept at its closed condition, an actuator 21a is depressed to release a circuit; and in turn when the shutter 8 is kept open, it is spaced apart from the actuator 21a so as to close the circuit.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a shutter device in which the opening/closing force of a shutter plate is applied by the restoring force of a shape memory portion.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, for example, in a shutter device for a ventilation fan, a closing spring made of a spring material is provided to bias a shutter plate rotatably provided on a main body frame in a closing direction, and a closing spring made of a spring material is provided to bias the shutter plate in an opening direction. There is a device in which an opening force applying member made of a shape memory material is provided, and when the shutter plate is opened, the opening force applying member is heated and deformed so as to return to the memorized shape. In this case, the biasing force F1 of the opening force imparting member at room temperature is smaller than the A-1 force T of the closing spring (Fl × T), and therefore, in this case, the biasing force T of the closing spring overcomes the shutter plate. was closed, while
The biasing force F2 of the opening force applying member during heating becomes larger than the biasing force T of the closing spring (F2>T),
The shutter plate is now open.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) By the way, in order to make the opening/closing operation of the shutter plate smooth (to improve the opening/closing performance), the opening force (F2-T) and closing force (T-F'1) of the shutter plate are required. ) need to be made larger.

However, since it is necessary to maintain the relationship Fl < T < F2, the opening force (F2-T) or closing force (T-Fl)
If one of them becomes larger, the other becomes smaller, so if either openness or closedness is improved, the other becomes worse, and it was not possible to improve both openness and closedness at the same time. . These drawbacks are exactly the same in a structure in which the closing force of the shutter plate is applied by the restoring force of the shape memory member, and the opening force is applied by a spring force.

The present invention aims to solve these problems,
Therefore, the object is to provide a shutter device that can improve both the opening and closing properties of the shutter plate.

[Configuration of the Invention (Means for Solving Problems)] The shutter device of the present invention has a shutter plate in the opening direction (J
The shutter plate includes an opening force applying body made of a shape memory member 4A that forces the shutter plate in the closing direction, and a closing force applying body made of a shape memory member that forces the shutter plate in the closing direction, and heats the opening force applying body when opening. When closing, the closing force applying body is heated to deform the closing force applying body so as to return to the memorized shape.

(Function) When the opening force applying body is heated and deformed so as to return to the memorized shape, the shutter plate opens.On the other hand, when the closing force applying body is heated and deformed so as to return to the memorized shape, the shutter plate opens. will be closed. In this case, since the large restoring force unique to the shape memory member can be used as the opening force and the closing force of the shutter plate, both the opening force and the closing force can be increased at the same time.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example in which the present invention is applied to a shutter device for a ventilation fan will be described with reference to the drawings.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a main body frame constructed in the shape of a rectangular tube, and a flange portion 2 is formed at the front edge of the main body frame, and a decorative frame 3 (see FIG. 3) is attached to this flange portion 2 by engagement.

A motor 4 (see FIG. 4) is disposed within the main body frame 1, and a fan 5 (see FIG. 3) is fitted 6 on its rotating shaft. On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the rear surface of the main body frame 1 is opened as an exhaust port 6, and a shutter device 7 described below is provided to open and close the exhaust port 6. That is, 8 is two shutter plates provided at the bottom two stages of the exhaust port 6, for example.
A flange portion 9 is formed facing forward on both sides of each shutter plate 8, and a portion of each flange portion 9 is rotatably supported on the side surface of the main body frame l via a support shaft 1o. One end of the flange portion 9 of each shutter plate 8 is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 12 via the lever 11, so that both shutter plates 8 are integrally moved as the connecting rod 12 moves up and down. It is designed to rotate to open and close. In addition, protrusions 13 and 14 are formed in the middle part and the lower end part of the connecting rod 12, respectively, so as to face forward.
An insulating portion +415.16 is attached to each protruding piece 13.14.

On the other hand, 17 is a closing force imparting member formed in a coil shape using a shape memory member, one end of which is hooked on a hook 18 made of an insulator fixed to the upper surface of the main body frame 1, and the lower end is It is hooked on the insulating member 15 of. Thereby, the closing force applying member 17 biases the connecting rod 12 in one direction, thereby biasing the shutter plate 8 to rotate in the closing direction. Reference numeral 19 is an opening force formed into a coil shape by a shape memory member, whose lower end is hooked on a hook 20 made of an insulator fixed to the lower surface of the main body frame 1, and whose lower end is attached to a lower end. This causes the opening force applying member 19 to force the connecting rod 12 downward (;
By doing so, the shutter plate 8 is urged to rotate in the opening direction. Reference numeral 21 is a single-digit normally-closed microswitch installed at a portion of one unit of the main body frame 1 corresponding to the bottom of the connecting rod 12. As shown in Fig. 1, the shutter plate 8 is in the closed state. At times, the -1 end of the connecting rod 12 presses the actuator 21a to open the circuit, and when the shutter plate 8 is in the released state as shown in FIG. 2, the connecting rod 12 separates from the actuator 21a and closes the circuit. to be accomplished.

Next, the electric circuit configuration will be explained based on FIG. 4.

22 is a commercial AC power supply, and 23 is an operation switch that closes between contacts (e-a) and (e-b) during ventilation operation, and closes between contacts (e-c) and contacts (e-c+) when stopped. ) to close the gap. In this case, the contact (e-a) opens and closes the energizing path to the motor 4, the rear point (e-b) opens and closes the energizing path to the primary coil 24a of the transformer 24, and the contact (e-c) The energizing path to the microswitch 21 is opened and closed, and the contact d is an open contact. The microswitch 21 opens and closes the energizing path to the relay coil 25, and the relay coil 25 is connected to the primary coil 24a of the transformer 24 in the 11ζ series. On the other hand, the secondary coil 2 of the transformer 24
A closing force applying member 17 and an opening force applying member 19 are provided in parallel between both terminals of the terminal 4b via a changeover switch 26. In this case, the changeover switch 26 is
5, when the relay coil 25 is de-energized, the contacts (h-f) are closed, the energizing path to the opening force applying member 19 is closed, and the relay coil 25 is switched.
When energized, the contacts (h-g) are closed and the energization path to the closing force applying member 17 is closed.

Therefore, the tensile force A1 of the closing force 17 and the opening force (J"j) at normal temperature, the tensile force B1 of the member 19, and the closing force (-1) of the closing force 17 and the opening force applying member 19. The relationship between the tensile forces A2 and B2 when energized and self-heated is set as shown in Figure 5, and Bl < Al <
B2 < A2.

Next, the operation of the above configuration will be explained. When the ventilation operation is stopped, the shutter plate 8 is closed and one end of the connecting rod 12 presses the actuator 21a of the microswitch 21, opening the circuit, as shown in FIG. .After this, when the operating switch 23 is switched to the operating position to start the needle changing operation and the contacts (e-a) and (e-b) are closed, the motor 4 is energized and the fan 5 rotates. At the same time, the primary coil 2 of the transformer 24
4a is energized, and a secondary current is induced in its secondary coil 24b. At this time, the contact of the changeover switch 26 (h-f
) is in a closed state, the secondary current flows to the opening force applying member 19 and causes it to self-heat. Due to this self-heating, the opening force imparting part made of shape memory material (]
The temperature of 19 quickly rises above the deformation start temperature, and the tensile force of 19 (19) increases from 81 at room temperature to B2 as shown in Figure 5. As a result, (B2
An opening force having a magnitude of At) is generated, and the opening force applying member 19 is deformed so as to return to its memorized shape, that is, the contracted state, and the connecting rod 12 is pulled down against the closing force applying member 17.

By pulling down the connecting rod 12, each shutter plate 8 rotates upward about the support shaft 10, opening the exhaust port 6, as shown in FIG. Discharge outdoors.

During such ventilation operation, the opening force applying member 19 is constantly energized to maintain the shutter plate 8 in the open state.

On the other hand, when the operation switch 23 is switched to the stop position to stop the ventilation operation and the contacts (e-c) and contacts (e-d) are opened, the motor 4 is cut off and the fan 5 is stopped. do. At this time, immediately after switching the operation switch 23,
Since the shutter plate 8 is in an open state and is separated from the connecting rod 12 or the actuator 21a of the microswitch 21, the microswitch 21 is in an open state. Therefore, at the same time that the two consecutive contacts -9=(e-c) are opened, the relay coil 25 is energized and the changeover switch 26 is switched to open the contacts (h-g). At this time, the primary coil 24 of the transformer 24
Since power continues to be applied to a through the microswitch 21, a secondary current is induced in the secondary coil 24-b, and this secondary current flows to the closing force applying member 17 through the contact (h-g). As a result, the closure shell 17 made of a shape memory material self-heats and its temperature rises above the deformation start temperature, and the tensile force is constantly 1114 as shown in FIG.
While increasing from A1 to A2, the opening force (-1 Yobe Shrine 1
9 radiates heat when the power is cut off, and the temperature quickly decreases below the transformation point, and the tensile force decreases from B2 at high temperature to B1.

As a result, a closing force having a magnitude of (A2 Bl) is generated, the closing force applying member 17 is deformed to return to its memorized shape, that is, the contracted state, and the connecting rod 12 is pulled up against the opening force applying member 19. . By pulling up this connecting rod 12,
As shown in FIG. 1, each shutter plate 8 rotates downward to close the exhaust port 6.

At the same time, the actuator 21a of the microswitch 21 is pressed by the connecting rod 12, and the microswitch 21 is opened. As a result, the power supply to the relay coil 25 and the primary coil 24a of the transformer 24 is cut off, and the power supply to the closing force applying member 17 is cut off.
The changeover switch 26 returns to the open state between the contacts (h-f).

In this case, as shown in FIG. 5, the tensile force A1 of the closing force applying part +417 and the tensile force Bl of the opening force applying part trA19 at room temperature are set so that Al > Bl, so the closing force Even if the energization to the application zero member 17 is cut off, the closing force (AI Bt) of the shutter plate 8 can be ensured, and the shutter plate 8 is maintained in the closed state.

According to the above embodiment, the shutter plate 8 is moved in the opening direction (=j
Since the opening force imparting member 19 that biases the shutter plate 8 and the closing force imparting member 17 that biases the shutter plate 8 in the closing direction are both formed of shape memory members, the opening force and closing force of the shutter plate 8 are both unique to the shape memory member. Great resilience is available. Therefore, both the closing force (A2-Bl) and the opening force (B2Al) can be increased as shown in FIG.
Both the opening and closing operations of the shutter plate 8 can be made smooth at the same time, and both opening and closing properties can be improved. In this case, the opening force (B2 Al) is equal to the closing force (A2
Although it is smaller than Bt), it can still ensure a large opening force compared to the conventional one. Furthermore, when the shutter plate 8 is opened, the wind pressure acting on the shutter plate 8 becomes an auxiliary force that urges the shutter plate 8 in the opening direction (one direction), so as the opening force (B2 A1) as described above, If a certain amount of force can be secured, the openness of the shutter plate 8 can be maintained well.

In addition, in the above embodiment, the tensile force B1 of the opening force applying member 19 at normal temperature and the tensile force A1 of the closing force applying member 17 at normal temperature are set so that Al>B. Even if the power is turned off to the closing force applying member 17 after the shutter plate 8 is closed by energizing the applying member 17, the closing force (AI B) necessary to maintain the closed state of the shutter plate 8 can be secured. Therefore, the time for which electricity is applied to the closing force applying member 17 can be kept to a minimum until the closing operation of the shutter plate 8 is completed, and power saving can be achieved.

In addition, in the above embodiment, the closing force applying member 17 and the opening force (
- Although the current is applied directly to the J-applying member 19 to generate self-heating to heat them from the inside, the present invention is not limited thereto. The closing force applying member and the opening force applying member may be heated from the outside by adding a heater and causing the heater to generate heat.

In addition, the present invention can be widely applied to shutter devices for devices other than ventilation fans, and the number of shutter plates 8 and its opening/closing structure may be changed by a competent official during implementation, within the scope of the gist. Various modifications are possible.

[Effects of the Invention] As is clear from the above description, the present invention provides shape memory for both the opening force applying member that biases the shutter plate in the opening direction and the closing force applying member that biases the shutter plate in the closing direction. Since it is made of a member, the large restoring force peculiar to the shape memory member can be used as the opening force and closing force of the shutter plate, and both the closing force and the opening force can be increased. This has the excellent effect of improving both the opening and closing properties of the shutter plate.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a shutter device for a ventilation fan. Figure 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional side view of the main part when the shutter plate is closed, and Figure 2 is a side view of the main part when the shutter plate is opened. Figure 1 is an equivalent view, Figure 3 is a perspective view of the entire ventilation fan, Figure 4 is a perspective view of the entire ventilation fan, Figure 4 is a perspective view of the entire ventilation fan,
The figure is an electric circuit diagram, and Figure 5 shows the four members with closing force and the opening force (
It is a diagram showing the change characteristics of the tensile force of the =I member. In the drawing, 1 is a main body frame, 4 is a motor, 6 is an exhaust port, 8 is a shutter plate, 12 is a connecting rod, 17 is a closing force applying member, 19
21 is an opening force applying member, and 21 is a microswitch. Figure 3 Figure 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a main body frame in which a shutter plate is rotatably provided, an opening force imparting body made of a shape memory member that biases the shutter plate in the opening direction, and a shape memory member that biases the shutter plate in the closing direction. and a closing force applying body made of a member, when opening, the opening force applying body is heated and deformed to return to the memorized shape, and when closing, the closing force applying body is heated and deformed to return to the memorized shape. A shutter device characterized in that it has a configuration in which: