JPS63246137A - Electronic hemomanometer - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention uses an oscillatory method (
This relates to an electronic blood pressure monitor using the oscillometric method.

1 Jubei technology 1 General electronic blood pressure monitors use the auscultation method (Rybaroch-Korotkoff sound method) to determine blood pressure by detecting mh + w (me interview, f10, 17) with a micro 70n L- built into the cuff. ) and electronic sphygmomanometers using the vibration method (oscillometric method) that extracts and calculates the arterial pulse wave component of each heartbeat superimposed on the cuff pressure to determine the peak and diastolic blood pressure periods (for example, Publication No. 60-10601, JP-A-59
-95033, etc.).

[Problem to be Solved by the Invention 1] Fig. 20 shows a blood pressure monitor using the auscultation method, in which a cuff 2' having a built-in rubber bladder 20 and a Korotkoff sound sensor 26 is shown.
tube 2 wrapped around the top@1 and connected to the rubber bag 20
Air is supplied to the upper arm 1 by means of a pressurizing means 3 formed of a pressurizing rubber bulb 22, etc., and the artery of the upper arm 1 is blood-blocked. After that, exhaust means 4
The air in the rubber bladder 20 is gradually evacuated and depressurized by the constant speed evacuation function of the rubber sac 20, thereby transitioning from arterial ischemia to a bleeding state, and the Korotkoff sound generated from the artery during the arterial compression is detected by the Korotkoff sound sensor 26. The blood pressure monitor body 3
At 0, the maximum and diastolic blood pressures are determined based on the appearance and disappearance of the 7-tone float, and the maximum and diastolic blood pressure values are displayed on the display means 16. In the figure, 17 is an operation switch.

However, since the electronic blood pressure monitor using the auscultation method described above has the Korotkoff sound sensor 26 inside the cuff 2, it feels strange when the cuff 2 is attached to the upper arm 1 and the pressure is increased or decreased. In order to do this accurately, the Korotkoff sound sensor 26 must be placed precisely at the artery position, which poses a problem in that it is troublesome to attach the cuff 2°. Furthermore, since the Korotkoff sound sensor 26 also detects noise emitted from the upper arm 1 and the cuff 2', there is a problem in that malfunctions are likely to occur.

In order to solve these problems, an electronic blood pressure monitor using a vibration method has been proposed, which extracts and calculates arterial pulse wave components to determine blood pressure. , the cuff pressure from the output of the pressure sensor that detects the pressure inside the cuff, and the arterial pulse wave superimposed on the cuff pressure are each extracted using filter means (low-pass filter, band-pass filter, etc.) consisting of an analog signal processing circuit. A pressure information separation means is formed to separate the pressure information, and the pressure information separated by the pressure information separation means is digitized by an A/D converter, and is used for noise removal and blood pressure determination in a digital calculation means configured using a CPU. A comparison calculation is performed to determine the maximum and diastolic blood pressures, and the determined maximum and diastolic blood pressures are displayed on the display means, and the pressure information separation means is configured with an analog signal processing circuit to separate the pressure information. Since the filter means constituting the means was formed using so-called hardware, there were problems in that the circuit configuration was complicated, the overall shape could not be miniaturized, making it difficult to carry, and it was impossible to reduce the price. .

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and its objectives are to provide a cuff that does not cause discomfort when worn, allows easy attachment of the cuff, and is simple in structure and compact. The object of the present invention is to provide an electronic sphygmomanometer that can be easily reduced in price, can reliably detect the start and end of vibration of the blood vessel wall, and can accurately measure blood pressure. Means J The electronic sphygmomanometer of the present invention comprises a cuff that is attached to the main part of a subject to ischemize blood flow, a pressurizing means that increases the pressure within the cuff, and an exhaust means that gradually lowers the pressure within the cuff. , a pressure sensor that converts the pressure inside the cuff into an electrical signal, an A/D converter that samples the pressure sensor output and converts it into a digital value, and a pressure value output from the A/D humbator during the evacuation period. Pressure information separation means comprising an arterial pulse wave extraction means for extracting a pulse wave value by digital calculation and a cuff pressure extraction means for extracting a cuff pressure value from which the arterial pulse wave has been removed from the pressure value by digital calculation; and pressure information separation means. storage means for storing arterial pulse wave values and cuff pressure values corresponding to the pulse waves extracted by the means; and systolic and diastolic blood pressure values determined by appropriately reading and comparing the pressure values stored in the storage means. In an electronic sphygmomanometer comprising a blood pressure determination means for determining a blood pressure value, and a display means for displaying the determined positive value for both plates, a variation parameter representing a variation in the arterial pulse wave value is varied from an arterial pulse wave value stored in a storage means. blood pressure determination means for extracting by a parameter extraction means, determining the maximum or diastolic blood pressure period based on the variable parameter, reading the cuff pressure value corresponding to the arterial pulse wave value at the period, and determining the maximum or diastolic blood pressure value;
This is used as a systolic blood pressure determining means or a diastolic blood pressure determining means of the blood pressure determining means.

(Function) The present invention is configured as described above, and since it does not use a cuff with a built-in microphone like an electronic blood pressure monitor that uses auscultation, the cuff can be easily worn without any discomfort, and it can also be used to monitor arterial blood pressure. Since the wave values are extracted by digital calculation, the configuration is simpler than the conventional vibration method that performs analog signal processing, making it easier to downsize and lower the price.

In addition, since the fluctuation parameters representing the fluctuations in the arterial pulse wave value are extracted and the peak or diastolic blood pressure periods are determined based on these fluctuation parameters, the peak and diastolic blood pressure values are determined. By reliably detecting the start and end of the blood pressure, the systolic blood pressure period and the diastolic blood pressure period can be reliably detected, and accurate blood pressure measurement can be performed.

(Example 1) Figs. 1 to 14 show the basic configuration of an embodiment of the present invention. In Figs. 1 and C14, the cuff 2 that is wrapped around and worn around the upper arm 1 of the subject is as follows: Built-in rubber bag 20,
A pressurizing means 3 consisting of a rubber ball 22 is connected to the rubber bladder 20 via a tube 21, so that pressure can be applied until blood ischemia is achieved by pressing the rubber ball 22. The pressure inside the cuff 2 pressurized in this manner is gradually exhausted by the exhaust means 4 having an exhaust valve, and blood pressure is measured by the blood pressure monitor main body 30 during this gradual exhaustion period. A pressure sensor 5 that converts the pressure inside the cuff 2 into an electrical signal is attached to the blood pressure monitor main body 30, to which one end is connected to the rubber bladder 20 and the other end of the tube 21 is connected, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
, a low-pass filter 6 that removes noise contained in the output of the pressure sensor 5, and an A/F filter that samples the noise-removed output of the pressure sensor 5 at a predetermined period (a period sufficiently shorter than the pulse wave) and converts it into a digital value. Arterial pulse wave extraction means 8a extracts an arterial pulse wave value (digital value) from the pressure value (digital value) output from the A/D converter 7 gradually during the diaphragm phase by digital calculation, and the arterial pulse wave is extracted from the pressure value. Pressure information separation means 9 equipped with cuff pressure extraction means 8b that extracts the removed cuff pressure value P by digital calculation;
Storage means 10 for storing the arterial pulse wave value V and cuff pressure value P corresponding to the pulse wave extracted by the pressure information separation means 9; and calculation means 11 for appropriately reading the values stored in the storage means 10 and performing comparison calculations. and a blood pressure determiner g5 that determines the maximum and diastolic blood pressure values from the calculation results calculated by this calculation means 11.
t12, maximum and diastolic blood pressure values, exhaust speed determined by the blood pressure determining means 13, exhaust speed values and pulse values output from the pulse monitor 14, and output from the cuff pressure monitor 15. A display means 16 for appropriately displaying the cuff pressure, and an operation switch section 17 for controlling the blood pressure measurement operation.The display means 16 is disposed on the front side of the blood pressure monitor main body 30. Here is the pressure information!
s sheep stage 9. Storage means 10. The performance stage 11, blood pressure determination means 13, and both monitors 14 and 15 are formed by a microcomputer 18 using a CPU, ROM, RAM, and the like. As a means for pressurizing and exhausting the cuff 2, as shown by the imaginary lines in the figure, a cuff pressure control means automatically controls a pressurizing pump and an electromagnetic exhaust valve 1 according to a predetermined program set in the microcomputer 18. 19 may be provided.

The basic configuration and operation described above will be explained in detail below. First, the basic configuration and operation for measuring systolic and diastolic blood pressure using the vibration method are as follows. now,
By attaching the cuff 2 to the upper arm 1 of the person to be measured and appropriately pressurizing and depressurizing it with the pressurizing means 3 and exhausting means 4, arterial ischemia and arterial counterpressure when opened are achieved.
ure) is taken into the cuff 2, transmitted to the pressure sensor 5 by air conduction via the tube 21, and electrically converted together with static pressure (cuff pressure) to obtain a pressure signal consisting of an analog signal. Next, after this pressure signal is filtered as much as possible by a low-pass filter 6, the pressure value converted into a digital value by an A/D filter tough is sent to a microcomputer 18. The arterial pulse wave, which can be seen as a phenomenon of arterial counterpressure, is separated, extracted, memorized, and calculated from the pressure value output from the A/D converter 7, and the systolic blood pressure period and diastolic blood pressure period are determined, and the systolic blood pressure period and diastolic blood pressure period are determined and separated and extracted at the same time. The values corresponding to the maximum and diastolic blood pressure periods of the cuff pressure are read and displayed on the display means 16 as the maximum and diastolic blood pressure values.

The cuff 2 shown in FIG. 4 has been used for auscultation, and as experienced, the blood pressure value varies depending on the external shape of the cuff 2, especially the width. With α in mind, the shape specified by JIS is adopted. Note that the blood pressure measurement device may be attached to a site other than the upper arm 1, such as the forearm, wrist, chest, thigh, lower leg, etc., as appropriate. Furthermore, the cuff may be wrapped around the tail of an animal other than the human body, such as a rabbit or a mouse.

The internal structure of these cuffs 2 needs to be thin, have high compliance, and have high responsiveness in order to detect arterial counterpressure well. Make it flexible and lengthen 1lli20 of rubber for 300m.
It is designed to withstand repeated pressurization above a+Hg and to be as thin as possible. Insect, inner cloth 23
As the best way to eliminate the influence of
It is obvious that there is also a method in which the rubber bladder 20 is applied directly to the body surface, and in this case, the inner fabric 23 is not required, which simplifies the configuration. By the way, another function of the cuff 2 is to transmit the detected arterial counterpressure to the tube 21 by air conduction, but in order to transmit the level of arterial counterpressure without attenuation, in this embodiment, the winding diameter is , the deformation of the pressurized part during pressurization, and the air part 25 of the rubber fk20 regardless of the pressurizing pressure.
The outer cloth 24 of the cuff 2
The structure has low compliance to prevent expansion. Please note that the winding diameter may vary depending on the part of the human body! & If cuffs 2 with different winding diameters are prepared, this can be easily handled.

In addition, the resonance frequency of the acoustic system closed by the tube 21 that transmits pressure from the cuff 2 to the pressure sensor 5 and the pressure control device is
The frequency is set sufficiently higher than the frequency of arterial pulse waves (2 to 10 Hz), so that even if the resonance frequency changes due to variations in component parts, it will not affect the band of arterial pulse waves.
In addition, in order to transmit arterial counterpressure without attenuation through the tube 21,
In this embodiment, in order to reduce the capacity, the length of the tube 21 is set to around 50c+a, and the hardness of the tube 21 made of rubber is set to be high so that it does not expand or contract due to arterial counterpressure. . Furthermore, the pressure sensor 5 may be placed directly in the vicinity of the rubber sac 20 without using a tube, or the arterial counterpressure can be reliably detected by taking into consideration the responsiveness and frequency characteristics of the Guia 7 ram. We are hiring things.

Furthermore, the low-pass filter 6 placed before the A/D converter 7 has a cutoff frequency of 10 to 20Hz.
Noise sounds generated from inside the human body,
The noise generated by the cuff 2 and the noise transmitted from the outside are cut out and only static pressure (cuff pressure) and arterial reaction pressure are allowed to pass through. The sampling interval is set to about 10 to 100 samples/second, which can be resolved by arterial counterpressure, and the conversion rate (sample - hole 1 hour) is set to 1/2 to 3/4 of the sampling interval, and is set as long as possible to achieve low-pass. This makes it possible to smooth out noise at a level that cannot be removed by the filter 6.

Next, the operation of each means constituted by the microcomputer 18 is as follows. First, the pressure information extraction means 9 converts the arterial pulse wave component and the cuff pressure component included in the pressure value, which is a digital value converted from A/D by the A/D converter 7, into an arterial pulse wave value ■, respectively. It is separated and extracted as a cuff pressure value P. That is, Figure 157 shows a pressure curve of the pressure value output from the A/D converter 7.
Curve A is a cuff pressure curve during gradual evacuation, and curve B is an arterial pulse wave curve superimposed on curve A. In the electronic blood pressure monitor according to the present invention, the maximum, A diastolic blood pressure value is to be determined. Here, the arterial pulse wave extraction means 8a calculates the peak value or area value of the arterial pulse wave from the curve B by digital calculation,
- It is designed to obtain the arterial pulse wave value of the heartbeat, and on the other hand,
The cuff pressure extracting means 8b extracts the curve A obtained by removing the arterial pulse wave component from the pressure curve in figure f57 by digital calculation, replaces it with a numerical value, and sets it as a cuff pressure value P corresponding to each arterial pulse wave value V. It looks like this.

FIGS. 5 and 6 are flowcharts showing an example of a digital calculation that allows easy separation of the arterial pulse wave value (■) and the cuff pressure value P from the pressure value shown by the pressure curve of FIG. 7. That is, in FIG. 8, the pressure value P at the starting point of pulse wave rise
Read Ba5e and its time (time from sampling start to pulse wave rise start point) tBase, pressure value P Peak at pulse wave peak point and its time (time from sampling start to peak, αP eak *) tPeak,
By performing digital calculations using these four values, the arterial pulse wave value (■) and the cuff pressure value P are determined. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the pressure information separation means 9, in which (a) shows the pressure curve, (b) shows the extracted arterial pulse wave value V, and (c) shows the operation of the pressure information separation means 9.
) indicates the extracted cuff pressure value P.

The arterial pulse wave value ■ and the cuff pressure value P extracted as described above are sequentially stored in the storage means 10, and the blood pressure determiner PF
In step i, 13, the values stored in the memory device y, 10 are read as appropriate, and the calculation means 11 performs comparison calculations, and the blood pressure determination means 12 determines the systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure periods, The cuff pressure value P at the time is displayed on the display means 16 as the systolic blood pressure value and the diastolic blood pressure value.

FIG. 10 shows the operation of the blood pressure determination means, in which the arterial pulse wave value V stored in the storage means 10 is
The fluctuation parameter representing the fluctuation of The blood pressure determining means for determining the diastolic blood pressure value is used as the systolic blood pressure determining means or the diastolic blood pressure determining means of the blood pressure determining means 13.

In this embodiment, the blood pressure determining means is configured to determine both the systolic blood pressure period and the diastolic blood pressure period based on the fluctuation parameters, but either one of them may be determined by another blood pressure determining means (for example, It goes without saying that a determination means for determining the R height and the diastolic blood pressure timing based on a determination boundary value obtained by multiplying the maximum value of the arterial pulse wave value (■) by a predetermined ratio may also be used.

Now, as shown in chart 70 of gA10, the fluctuation parameter extraction means calculates the fluctuation parameters for each pulse wave, and then the blood pressure determination means calculates the increase in the arterial pulse wave value ■. In addition to calculating whether it is a period or a decreasing period, the systolic blood pressure period, the period of systolic blood pressure, etc.
The diastolic blood pressure period is determined, and the cuff pressure values P corresponding to the maximum and diastolic blood pressure periods are read out from the storage means 10 and displayed on the display means 16 as the systolic blood pressure value and the diastolic blood pressure value.

Since the present invention is an electronic blood pressure monitor using the vibration method, there is no need for Korotkoff sound detection means unlike conventional examples using the auscultation method, the configuration is simple, and the cuff can be easily inserted without causing any discomfort. Furthermore, after converting the pressure sensor output into a digital value using an A/D converter, the pressure information separation means separates the arterial pulse wave value and the cuff pressure value, so pressure information can be The separation means and the blood pressure determination means are connected to the same digital arithmetic circuit (e.g.
It can be formed by so-called software using a single-chip CPU, and the circuit configuration is simpler than the conventional example using the vibration method, and it can also be easily miniaturized and lowered in price. Furthermore, the variation parameter representing the variation of the arterial pulse wave value ■ is extracted from the arterial pulse wave value ■ stored in the storage means 10 by the variation parameter extraction means, and the peak or diastolic blood pressure period is determined based on the variation parameter. Since the blood pressure determination means is configured to read the arterial pulse wave value V and the corresponding cuff pressure value P at that period and determine the maximum or diastolic blood pressure value, the start of vibration of the blood vessel wall can be detected by extracting the fluctuation parameters. This has the advantage that it is possible to reliably detect the end of the process, and to accurately determine blood pressure.

(Example 2) FIG. 11 shows the difference Vn between each arterial pulse wave value Vn and the arterial pulse wave value V n-1 one data before in Example 1.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the operation of an electronic blood pressure monitor in which a variable parameter extracting means is formed to calculate Vn-1 and use it as a variable parameter.

Now, in the case where the arterial pulse wave value ■ in the gradual exhaustion period as shown in FIG. 11(a) is stored in the storage means 10,
Each arterial pulse wave value Vn and one data previous arterial pulse wave value V
The variation parameter extracted by the variation parameter extraction means, which calculates the difference Vn-Vn-t from n-1 and uses it as the t shift parameter, has a value as shown in FIG. 11(b). The time X when the maximum value appears in the positive period of the fluctuation parameter corresponding to the period of increase in the pulse wave value ■ is defined as the systolic blood pressure period, and the minimum value in the negative period of the fluctuation parameter corresponding to the period of decrease in the arterial pulse wave value ■ is defined as the systolic blood pressure period. Appearance time Yi
et hypotension period, and the cuff pressure values P in these periods X and Y are determined to be the systolic blood pressure value and the diastolic blood pressure value, respectively, and are displayed on the display means 16.

In this embodiment, each arterial pulse wave value Vn
and the difference Vn-Vn between the arterial pulse wave value Vn-+ one data before
Since the variation parameter extraction means is configured to extract the variation parameters by calculating -t, the calculation time for extracting the variation parameters can be shortened, the calculations can be easily performed, and the calculation capacity is This has the advantage of being able to use a low-cost CPU and provide a small, low-cost electronic blood pressure monitor (Example 3). This figure shows the operation of an embodiment of the combined invention recited in claim 10, in which the timing is determined based on the highest determination boundary value ■c, and the calculation of the fluctuation parameter is based on the arterial pulse wave value ■c. The time t when the maximum value VIIIax of
The systolic blood pressure determination means determines the time X when the arterial pulse wave value exceeds the maximum determination boundary value ■α as the systolic blood pressure time, and the diastolic blood pressure determination means determines the minimum of the fluctuation parameters. The period Y at which the value was obtained is defined as the diastolic blood pressure period, and the systolic blood pressure value and diastolic blood pressure value are determined.

Now, in this embodiment, the systolic blood pressure timing is determined based on the maximum determination boundary value ■a obtained by multiplying the maximum value V wax of the arterial pulse wave value ■ by a predetermined ratio a. The time point when the arterial pulse wave value ■ exceeds the highest determination boundary value ■a is defined as the systolic blood pressure period, and the cuff pressure value P at that time is defined as the systolic blood pressure value. On the other hand, the diastolic blood pressure timing is determined by the variable parameters as in Example 2, and the peak and diastolic blood pressure timings are each determined by the optimal determination method, making it possible to measure the diastolic and diastolic blood pressures more accurately. There is.

(Example 4) @13 Figure shows the ratio Vn/
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the operation of an electronic blood pressure monitor in which a variable parameter extracting means is formed to calculate Vn-1 and use it as a variable parameter.

Now, the arterial vein v- as shown in FIG. 11(a)
In the case where the variable parameter extracting means of this embodiment is stored in the htv multiplication L910, the ratio V n/V n of each arterial pulse wave value Vn to the arterial pulse wave value V n-1 of one data previous. −t is calculated and used as a fluctuation parameter, and the extracted fluctuation parameter is tjS
The result is as shown in Figure 13. In the systolic and diastolic blood pressure determination means, the time X when the maximum value of this variable parameter appears is the systolic blood pressure period, the time Y when the minimum value appears is the diastolic blood pressure period, and the cuff pressure values P at these times X and Y are the systolic blood pressure period, The value is displayed on the display means 16 as the diastolic blood pressure value.

In this embodiment, each arterial pulse wave value Vn
Since the fluctuation parameter extraction means is configured to extract the fluctuation parameter by calculating the ratio between the value of the arterial pulse wave value Vn-1 and the previous arterial pulse wave value Vn-1, the extracted fluctuation parameter is the same as the arterial pulse wave value This has the advantage that it is not influenced by the absolute value and can accurately determine blood pressure even if there are individual differences in the absolute value of the arterial pulse wave value V.

(Example 5) The PtIJ14 diagram shows, in Example 1, before the maximum value V+aa of the arterial pulse wave value ■ is obtained, each arterial pulse wave value Vn and the maximum value Vma of the previous arterial pulse wave value
x' and the difference Vn Vmax' as a fluctuation parameter, and after the maximum value V ll1ax is obtained, the minimum value V win' between the maximum value V IIIax and each arterial pulse wave value Vn and each artery FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the operation of an electronic blood pressure monitor in which a variation parameter extracting means is formed so that a difference Vn-V+nin' between pulse wave values Vn is used as a variation parameter.

Now, when the arterial pulse wave value V is unstable as shown in FIG. 14(a) (not monotonically increasing or decreasing), the variation parameter extraction means (
When the variation parameters are extracted by differential extraction), the variation parameters shown in FIG. 14(b) are obtained, and the maximum value V wa of the arterial pulse wave value Vn from the systolic blood pressure period is
When relatively small arterial pulse wave values Vn appear at z and g between x, or when relatively large arterial pulse wave values Vn appear at 22 points after the systolic blood pressure period, these arterial pulse wave values ■ Change timing of fluctuation parameters due to 2. ．． 2. may be mistakenly recognized as the highest and lowest blood pressure periods, leading to major errors in blood pressure determination. Here, the fluctuation parameters extracted by the fluctuation parameter extraction means of this embodiment are as shown in FIG. 14(c), and the maximum and diastolic blood pressure periods are determined by the fluctuation parameters at the two points Z + * Z. (The cuff pressure values P at the original peak and diastolic blood pressure periods
6, so that errors in blood pressure determination due to fluctuations in the arterial pulse wave value Vn do not occur.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the maximum value V of the arterial pulse wave value ■
Before wax is obtained, each arterial pulse wave value V
The difference between n and the maximum value Vmax' of the previous arterial pulse wave value ■ is taken as a fluctuation parameter, and the maximum value V wax
is obtained, a variation parameter extraction means is formed so that the difference between the minimum value V llll1n' between the maximum value V wax and each arterial pulse wave value Vn and each arterial pulse wave value Vn is used as a variation parameter. Therefore, even if the arterial pulse wave value becomes unstable due to noise or other factors and does not monotonically increase or decrease, blood pressure judgment errors will not occur and accurate blood pressure judgments can be made. effective.

(Embodiment 6) FIG. 15 shows that in Embodiment 1, pulse wave increase period setting means for setting the pulse wave increase period Tu and pulse wave decrease period setting means for setting the pulse wave decrease period Td are provided, The systolic blood pressure determination means determines the systolic blood pressure based on the fluctuation parameters within the pulse wave increase period Tu, and the diastolic blood pressure determination means determines the diastolic blood pressure based on the fluctuation parameters within the pulse wave decrease period Td. 1 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the electronic blood pressure monitor, in which Vul is an increase start value, Vu2 is an increase end value, Vcl is a decrease start value, and Vd2 is a decrease end value.

Now, the arterial pulse wave value as shown in tlIJ15 diagram (,) ■
is obtained, and if steep fluctuations appear twice or more in the arterial pulse wave value ■, or if the fluctuations are relatively gradual, the fluctuation parameter [7. There is a high possibility that an error in blood pressure judgment will occur in the 6f11-6-6 area where the threat is true. Therefore, in this embodiment,
By limiting the variation parameters for determining the systolic blood pressure timing to those of the pulse wave increase period Tu, and by limiting the variation parameters for determining the diastolic blood pressure timing to those of the pulse wave decrease time Td, the systolic blood pressure timing can be determined. Alternatively, since fluctuation parameters during periods that should not be the diastolic blood pressure period are excluded as unnecessary data, it is possible to reduce the probability that steep fluctuations will occur twice, and the arterial pulse wave value becomes unstable due to noise etc. Even in cases where the blood pressure has been determined, the possibility of a major blood pressure judgment error occurring can be reduced.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the systolic blood pressure determining means is provided with a pulse wave increasing period setting means for setting the pulse wave increasing period Tu and a pulse wave decreasing period setting means for setting the pulse wave decreasing period Td. The system determines the systolic blood pressure based on the fluctuation parameters within the pulse wave increase period Tu, and the diastolic blood pressure determination means determines the diastolic blood pressure based on the fluctuation parameters within the pulse wave decrease period Td. Even if the arterial pulse wave value (■) is unstable due to noise, there is an effect that accurate blood pressure determination can be made without causing large errors in blood pressure determination.

(Embodiment 7) FIG. 16 shows that in Embodiment 6, the pulse wave increasing period setting means is formed so that the pulse wave increasing period Tu is before the maximum value Va+ax of the arterial pulse wave value ■, and the arterial pulse wave FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the operation of an electronic blood pressure monitor in which a pulse wave reduction period setting means is formed so that the pulse wave reduction period Td is set after the maximum value V wax of the value ■.

Now, the pulse wave increasing period Tu and the pulse wave decreasing period Td can be easily set by finding the maximum value V wax of the arterial pulse wave value ■, and this maximum value Vffiax of the arterial pulse wave value ■ is determined by blood pressure determination as described above. Since it is sufficient to reuse the data used within the means, the pulse wave increasing period setting means and the pulse wave decreasing period setting means can be realized with a simple configuration.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the maximum value V of the arterial pulse wave value V
The pulse wave increasing period setting means is formed so that the period before ll1ax is set as the pulse wave increasing period Tu, and the pulse wave decreasing period setting means is formed so that the period after the maximum value V wax of the arterial pulse wave value V is set as the pulse wave decreasing period Td. 1. The pulse wave increase period TuB and the pulse wave decrease period Td can be easily set simply by finding the maximum value V1Ilax of the arterial pulse wave value ■, and the pulse wave increase period setting means and pulse wave decrease period This has the effect of simplifying the calculation of the setting means.

(Example 8) In the PtSi2 diagram, in Example 6, the maximum value V wax of the arterial pulse wave value V is multiplied by two different predetermined values alt'2 to calculate the increase start value Vul and the increase end value Vu2,
The pulse wave increase period setting means is formed so that the pulse wave increase period Tu is the period from when the arterial pulse wave value V first exceeds the increase start value Vu until it finally reaches the increase end value Vu2. The maximum value V wax of the pulse wave value ■ is set to two different predetermined values β1. The decrease start value Vd and decrease end value ■d2 are calculated by multiplying by β2, and the period during which the arterial pulse wave value V reaches the decrease start value Vd and decrease end value Vd2 is set as the pulse wave decrease period Tel. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the operation of an electronic sphygmomanometer in which pulse wave reduction period setting means is formed.

Now, when the arterial pulse wave value V as shown in FIG. The maximum value Vll1ax of the pulse wave value V,
A preset predetermined value “I?”21β1. It is calculated by multiplying by β2, and the pulse wave increase period Tu and pulse wave decrease period Td are set in consideration of individual differences in the arterial pulse wave value V,
The variation parameters used to determine the peak and diastolic blood pressure periods can be limited to the minimum necessary range, and the influence of noise can be reduced, thereby reducing the occurrence of blood pressure determination errors.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the maximum value V of the arterial pulse wave value ■
Wax is multiplied by two different predetermined values aItα2 to calculate an increase start value Vul and an increase end value Vu2, and the arterial pulse wave value ■ first exceeds the increase start value Vu, and then finally reaches the increase end value Vu. While forming a pulse wave for a period of up to 1, two different predetermined values β1. By multiplying by β2, a decrease start value Vd and a decrease end value Vd are calculated, and the arterial pulse wave value V is the decrease start value Vd.
Since the pulse wave reduction period setting means is formed such that the period from , to the reduction end value Vd2 is the pulse wave reduction period Td, the fluctuation parameter used for determining the peak and diastolic blood pressure periods is the arterial pulse wave value. (2) It is possible to limit the range to the minimum necessary range in consideration of individual differences, which has the effect of reducing the influence of noise and reducing the occurrence of blood pressure determination errors.

(Example 9) FIG. 18 shows that in Example 7, the systolic blood pressure determination means is formed to determine the time when the fluctuation parameter is maximum as the systolic blood pressure time, and the time when the fluctuation parameter is the minimum is determined as the diastolic blood pressure time. FIG. 70 is a chart 70 for explaining the calculation operation of an electronic blood pressure monitor in which the diastolic blood pressure determining means is formed to determine the following.

Now, in the blood pressure determination means 13, first, Il! which is stored in the storage means 10 as 5-#'L! Read the LT pulse wave value V,
A variable buff meter D P is obtained by calculating the difference between the before and after values using the same variable parameter extracting means as in Example 38.
Find (n). Next, it is determined whether the arterial pulse wave value ■ is the maximum value so far, and if it is the maximum value, the provisional maximum value V
max, pulse wave increase period Tu and pulse wave decrease period Td
Next, the systolic blood pressure determination means extracts the maximum value of the fluctuation parameter D P (n) during the pulse wave increase period Tu (n1th beat to 02nd beat of the pulse wave), and calculates the value corresponding to this maximum value. The cuff pressure value P is displayed on the display means 16 as a temporary systolic blood pressure value. On the other hand, when the arterial pulse wave value V is no longer the maximum value so far (after the maximum value V wax), the diastolic blood pressure determination means determines whether the arterial pulse wave value ■ has fallen within the pulse wave decreasing period Td. At the same time, this pulse wave decreasing period Td
The display means 16 extracts the minimum value of the variation parameter D P (n) within the range, and displays the cuff pressure value P corresponding to this minimum value.
It is now displayed as a temporary diastolic blood pressure value. Therefore, in this embodiment, the variation parameter D P (n)
Each time the temporary systolic blood pressure value and the temporary diastolic blood pressure value are updated and displayed on the display means 16, the arterial pulse wave value vl) is changed to the maximum value V.
arax, it is displayed as the true systolic blood pressure value, and when the arterial pulse wave value ■ reaches the end value of the pulse wave reduction period Td, it is displayed as the true diastolic blood pressure value.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the systolic blood pressure determining means is configured to determine the time when the variable parameter is maximum as the systolic blood pressure period, and the means is configured to determine the time when the variable parameter is the minimum as the diastolic blood pressure period. The diastolic blood pressure determination means is formed in the □ system, and the maximum and diastolic blood pressure periods can be determined by simple calculations to find the maximum and minimum of the variable parameters. This has the effect of providing a compact, low-cost electronic blood pressure monitor.

(Example 10) FIG. 79 shows that in Example 1, the systolic blood pressure determination means is formed to determine the time when the fluctuation parameter first exceeds the predetermined boundary value C8 as the systolic blood pressure period, and the fluctuation parameter is 70 is a chart 70 for explaining the calculation operation of an electronic sphygmomanometer in which the diastolic blood pressure determining means is formed so as to determine the time when the blood pressure finally becomes smaller than the predetermined boundary value CD as the diastolic blood pressure time.

The operations other than the blood pressure determination operation are completely the same as in the ninth embodiment, and in this embodiment, when the fluctuation parameter first exceeds the predetermined boundary value C8 during the pulse wave increase period Tu,
The display means 16 uses the cuff pressure value P at that time as the systolic blood pressure value.
is displayed in the systolic blood pressure display area, while the pulse wave decreasing period T
When the variable parameter finally becomes smaller than the predetermined boundary value CD at step d, the cuff pressure value P at this point is displayed in the diastolic blood pressure display area of the display means 16 as the diastolic blood pressure value.

In this embodiment, the systolic blood pressure determining means is configured to determine the time when the variable parameter first exceeds the predetermined boundary value O8 as the systolic blood pressure period, and the systolic blood pressure determination means is configured to determine the time when the variable parameter first exceeds the predetermined boundary value O8. Since the diastolic blood pressure determination means is configured to determine the period when the last decrease is smaller than CD as the diastolic blood pressure period, the variation parameter and the threshold value CS, CD
The peak and diastolic blood pressure periods can be determined with a simple calculation of level comparison with the low-cost CPU with low computing power.
The present invention has the advantage that it is possible to realize a calculation means in the form of a small-sized, low-cost electronic blood pressure monitor.

[Effects of the Invention j As described above, the present invention comprises a cuff that is attached to the main part of a subject for ischemic blood flow, a pressurizing means that increases the pressure inside the cuff, and an exhaust system that gradually lowers the pressure inside the cuff. a pressure sensor that converts the pressure inside the cuff into an electrical signal, an A/D converter that samples the pressure sensor output and converts it into a digital value, and a pressure value gradually output from the A/D converter during the evacuation period. Pressure information separation means comprising an arterial pulse wave extraction means for extracting an arterial pulse wave value by digital calculation, and a cuff pressure extraction means for extracting a cuff pressure value from which the arterial pulse wave is removed from the pressure value by digital calculation, and pressure information separation means. Storage means for storing arterial pulse wave values and cuff pressure values corresponding to the pulse waves extracted by the separation means, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure values are calculated by appropriately reading out the pressure values stored in the storage means and calculating the systolic and diastolic blood pressure values. It consists of a blood pressure determining means to determine the blood pressure and a display means to display the determined positive value of both plates.Since it does not use a cuff with a built-in microphone like an electronic blood pressure monitor using auscultation method, the cuff can be used without any discomfort. It can be easily installed, and since the arterial pulse wave value is extracted by denotational calculation, the configuration is simpler than the conventional vibration method that performs analog signal processing, making it easier to downsize and lower the price. It has the effect of being able to

In addition, the system extracts a fluctuation parameter that represents the fluctuation of the arterial pulse wave value, and determines the peak or diastolic blood pressure period based on this variation parameter, thereby determining the peak and diastolic blood pressure values. The end can be reliably detected, that is, the systolic blood pressure period and the diastolic blood pressure period can be reliably detected, and there is an effect that accurate blood pressure measurement can be performed.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block circuit diagram of the main parts of the same as above, FIG. 3 is a block circuit diagram of the main parts of the same as above, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the main parts of 5 to 9 are explanatory diagrams of the same operation as above, FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of the same operation as above, and
1 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the second embodiment, FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the third embodiment, FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the fourth embodiment, and FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the sixth embodiment, FIG. 1516 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the seventh embodiment, FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the eighth embodiment, and FIG. 18 is the same as the above. FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the ninth embodiment, and FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the tenth embodiment of the same.
Figure S20 is a schematic configuration diagram of a conventional example. 1 is the upper arm, 2 is the cuff, 3 is the pressurizing means, 4 is the depressurizing means, 5
1 is a pressure sensor, 7 is an A/D humbater, 8a is an arterial pulse wave extraction means, 8b is a cuff pressure extraction means, 9 is a pressure information separation means, 10 is a storage means, 13 is a blood pressure determination means, and 16 is a display means. . Agent Patent Attorney Ishi 1) Chief 7 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Jiang Lichen Figure 9 Figure 10

Claims (10)

[Claims] (1) A cuff that is attached to the main part of the person to be measured, a pressurizing means to increase the pressure inside the cuff, an exhaust means to gradually lower the pressure inside the cuff, and an electric signal to control the pressure inside the cuff. an A/D converter that samples the pressure sensor output and converts it into a digital value, and an arterial pulse wave value that is extracted by digital calculation from the pressure value that is gradually output from the A/D converter during the exhaust period. Arterial pulse wave extraction means; pressure information separation means equipped with cuff pressure extraction means for digitally extracting cuff pressure values from which arterial pulse waves have been removed from the pressure values; a storage means for storing corresponding arterial pulse wave values and cuff pressure values; a blood pressure determination means for determining systolic and diastolic blood pressure values by suitably reading out the values stored in the storage means and performing comparison calculations; In an electronic sphygmomanometer comprising a display means for displaying a blood pressure value, a fluctuation parameter representing a fluctuation in the arterial pulse wave value is extracted from the arterial pulse wave value stored in the storage means by a fluctuation parameter extraction means, and the fluctuation parameter is extracted as a fluctuation parameter. The blood pressure determination means determines the peak or diastolic blood pressure period based on the systolic or diastolic blood pressure period and reads the cuff pressure value corresponding to the arterial pulse wave value at that period to determine the maximum or diastolic blood pressure value. An electronic blood pressure monitor characterized in that it is used as a determination means. (2) The variation parameter extracting means is formed to calculate the difference between each arterial pulse wave value and the arterial pulse wave value one data before and use it as a variation parameter. The electronic blood pressure monitor described. (3) The variation parameter extracting means is formed to calculate the ratio of each arterial pulse wave value to the arterial pulse wave value one data before and use it as a variation parameter. The electronic blood pressure monitor described. (4) Before the maximum value of the arterial pulse wave value is obtained, the difference between each arterial pulse wave value and the maximum value of the previous arterial pulse wave value is used as a variation parameter, or the maximum value is obtained. Claims characterized in that the fluctuation parameter extracting means is formed so that the difference between the maximum value and the respective arterial pulse wave values and the respective arterial pulse wave values is determined as the fluctuation parameter after the maximum value and the respective arterial pulse wave values. The electronic blood pressure monitor described in paragraph 1. (5) The blood pressure determination means is equipped with a pulse wave increase period setting means for setting a pulse wave increase period or a pulse wave decrease period setting means for setting a pulse wave decrease period, and the systolic blood pressure determination means is provided with a pulse wave increase period setting means for setting a pulse wave increase period. Claim 1, characterized in that the systolic blood pressure is determined based on the fluctuating parameter, or the diastolic blood pressure is determined by the diastolic blood pressure determining means based on the fluctuating parameter within the pulse wave reduction period. The electronic blood pressure monitor described. (6) The pulse wave increasing period setting means is formed so that the period before the maximum value of the arterial pulse wave value is set as the pulse wave increasing period, or the pulse wave increasing period is set so that the period after the maximum value of the arterial pulse wave value is set as the pulse wave decreasing period. The electronic blood pressure monitor according to claim 5, further comprising wave reduction period setting means. (7) Calculate the increase start value and increase end value by multiplying the maximum value of the arterial pulse wave value by two different predetermined values, and after the arterial pulse wave value first exceeds the increase start value and then finally reach the increase end value. Either the pulse wave increasing period setting means is formed so that the period up to this point is set as the pulse wave increasing period, or the maximum value of the arterial pulse wave value is multiplied by two other different predetermined values to determine the decreasing start value and decreasing end value. Claim 5 is characterized in that the pulse wave reduction period setting means is formed so as to calculate the period from the start value of the arterial pulse wave value to the end value of the reduction as the pulse wave reduction period. Electronic sphygmomanometer described in section. (8) The systolic blood pressure determining means is configured to determine the time when the fluctuation parameter is maximum as the systolic blood pressure period, or the diastolic blood pressure determination means is configured to determine the time when the fluctuation parameter is the minimum as the diastolic blood pressure period. The electronic blood pressure monitor according to claim 6, characterized in that the electronic blood pressure monitor is formed. (9) Form the systolic blood pressure determination means to determine the time when the fluctuation parameter first exceeds a predetermined boundary value as the systolic blood pressure period, or determine the time when the fluctuation parameter last becomes smaller than the predetermined boundary value. 6. The electronic sphygmomanometer according to claim 5, characterized in that the diastolic blood pressure determination means is formed so as to determine that the diastolic blood pressure period is reached. (10) A cuff that is attached to the main part of the person to be measured, a pressurizing means for increasing the pressure inside the cuff, an exhaust means for gradually decreasing the pressure inside the cuff, and an electric signal for controlling the pressure inside the cuff. an A/D converter that samples the pressure sensor output and converts it into a digital value, and an arterial pulse wave value that is extracted by digital calculation from the pressure value that is gradually output from the A/D converter during the exhaust period. Arterial pulse wave extraction means; pressure information separation means equipped with cuff pressure extraction means for digitally extracting cuff pressure values from which arterial pulse waves have been removed from the pressure values; a storage means for storing corresponding arterial pulse wave values and cuff pressure values; a blood pressure determination means for determining systolic and diastolic blood pressure values by suitably reading out the values stored in the storage means and performing comparison calculations; In an electronic sphygmomanometer comprising a display means for displaying a blood pressure value, a fluctuation parameter representing a fluctuation in the arterial pulse wave value is extracted from the arterial pulse wave value stored in the storage means by a fluctuation parameter extraction means, and the fluctuation parameter is extracted as a fluctuation parameter. diastolic blood pressure determining means for determining the diastolic blood pressure period based on the diastolic blood pressure period and reading the cuff pressure value corresponding to the arterial pulse wave value at the period to obtain the diastolic blood pressure value; A blood pressure determination means is formed by a systolic blood pressure determination means that determines the systolic blood pressure period based on the determination boundary value, reads the cuff pressure value corresponding to the arterial pulse wave value at the period, and determines the systolic blood pressure. Electronic blood pressure monitor.