JPS63199917A - Bearing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simplify the structure, reducing the size and facilitating the installation of the bearing device in the caption, by composing housing side and the shaft body side bearing members with a main body layer and an outer peripheral layer, a main body layer and an inner peripheral layer respectively and setting, predetermined relations among the linear expansion coefficients of these layers, the housing and the shaft body. CONSTITUTION:To a housing 10 is fitted an outer ring 13 comprising a bearing member 11 which is a lamination body composed of a main body layer 11a and an outer peripheral layer 11b, and an installing member 12. Similarly, on a shaft body 20 is installed an inner ring 23 comprising an bearing member 21 which is a lamination body composed of a main body layer 21a and an inner peripheral layer 21b, and an installing member 22. The housing 10 and the installing member 12 are formed of materials whose linear expansion coefficients are approximately equal to each other, while so are the shaft body 20 and the installing member 22. Each of other layers 11a, 11b, 21a, 21b is formed of a material with a predetermined linear expansion coefficient. Smooth operation can, therefore, be performed without being affected by change of temperature during operation, so that the simplification of structure, facilitation of installation, and saving of necessary space are made possible.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an improvement in a bearing device in which a bearing component such as a bearing ring of a rolling bearing and a mating component to which it is attached are made of materials with different coefficients of linear expansion.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, a bearing device in which an outer ring or an inner ring having a different coefficient of linear expansion is attached to a housing or a shaft body is disclosed, for example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 17531/1983, which was invented by this inventor.
A structure disclosed in Publication No. 3 is known. In this bearing device, both sides of the bearing ring are formed into tapered surfaces that open outward with respect to the shaft center, and the other side of a pair of intermediate spacers, one side of which is engaged with the tapered surface of the bearing ring, is , a convex spherical surface with a spherical center that almost coincides with the center of the bearing is formed, and the bearing ring and intermediate spacer are attached to the mating parts by a loose fit, and a concave spherical surface that corresponds to the convex spherical surface of the intermediate spacer is formed. A pair of tightening spacers are attached to the mating part by interference fit, and the bearing ring is sandwiched between the clamping spacers via the intermediate spacer. Molded from materials with equal coefficients of linear expansion.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

In the above bearing device, the clamping spacer, which has a coefficient of linear expansion almost equal to that of the mating part, is attached to the mating part by interference fit, so even if the operating temperature rises, the interference is secured and creep is avoided. In addition, the locking surface between the intermediate spacer and the tightening spacer is a spherical surface with a spherical center at the center of the bearing, so even if the bearing ring is tilted, the self-aligning action is maintained. This has the advantage of being able to easily follow thermal expansion or contraction due to rapid temperature changes during operation, and ensuring smooth operation without damaging the bearing rings.

However, in this bearing device, the bearing ring is sandwiched between the tightening spacers via the intermediate spacer, which not only complicates the structure and requires a large space around the bearing. The problem was that it took a considerable amount of time to assemble.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and provide a bearing device in which bearing parts such as bearing rings can follow temperature changes themselves.

[Means for solving problems]

In the bearing device of the present invention, the bearing member attached to the housing is configured as a laminate of the main body layer and the outer peripheral layer integrally joined to the outer peripheral side of the main body layer, and the bearing member attached to the shaft body is configured as a laminate of the main body layer and the outer peripheral layer integrally joined to the outer peripheral side of the main body layer. It is configured as a laminate with an inner peripheral layer integrally joined to the inner peripheral side of the layer.

If the linear expansion coefficient of the main body layer of the housing side bearing member or the linear expansion coefficient of the main body layer of the shaft body side bearing member is smaller than the linear expansion coefficient of the housing or the linear expansion coefficient of the shaft body, the outer periphery of the housing side bearing member The linear expansion coefficient of the layer is set smaller than that of the main body layer, or the linear expansion coefficient of the inner peripheral layer of the shaft side bearing member is set to a value between the linear expansion coefficients of the main body layer and the housing. The coefficient of linear expansion is set smaller than that of the main body layer.

If the linear expansion coefficient of the main body layer of the housing side bearing member or the linear expansion coefficient of the main body layer of the shaft body side bearing member is larger than the linear expansion coefficient of the housing or the linear expansion coefficient of the shaft body, the outer periphery of the housing side bearing member The linear expansion coefficient of the layer is set to be smaller than that of the housing, and the linear expansion coefficient of the inner peripheral layer of the shaft body side bearing member is set to be smaller than that of the shaft body, or the main body layer and the shaft body are The coefficient of linear expansion is set to an intermediate value.

The housing-side bearing member and the shaft-side bearing member may be combined in any combination, or each may be fitted individually to the housing and the shaft with interference.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional side view of the upper half of an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a bearing ring of a cylindrical roller bearing.

In the above figure, reference numeral 10 indicates a housing, and reference numeral 20 indicates a shaft body. An outer ring 13 consisting of a bearing member 11 and a mounting member 12 is attached to the housing 10 with a tight fit, and the shaft body 20 is Bearing member 21 and mounting member 2
A plurality of cylindrical rollers 30 are disposed between the housing-side bearing member 11 and the shaft-side bearing member 21 so as to be freely removable. .

The housing-side bearing member 11 has guide collars 14 at both ends in the axial direction, and a main body layer 11 in which a raceway surface is formed on the inner peripheral surface.
a and the outer peripheral layer 11b joined to the outer peripheral side of the main body layer 1.12.
The mounting member 12 is also connected to the housing-side bearing member 11 so that they can be handled as one unit.

Further, the shaft side bearing member 21 is configured as a laminate including a main body layer 21a having a raceway surface formed on the outer peripheral surface and an inner peripheral layer 21b joined to the inner peripheral side of the main body layer 21a. It has a structure that allows it to be joined to the body side bearing member 21 and handled as an integral part.

The main body layer 11a and the outer peripheral layer 11b of the housing-side bearing member 11 are molded from a material having a different linear expansion coefficient from that of the housing 10, and the main body layer 11a and the outer peripheral layer 11b of the shaft-side bearing member 21 are
a and the inner circumferential layer 21b are molded from a material with a linear expansion coefficient different from that of the shaft body 20, but the housing side mounting member 12 is molded from a material with a linear expansion coefficient approximately equal to that of the housing 10, and the shaft body side The mounting member 22 is made of a material having approximately the same coefficient of linear expansion as the shaft body 20.

Main body layer 1 of housing 10 and housing side bearing member 11
The linear expansion coefficients of 1a and outer peripheral layer 11b are set so that the following conditions are satisfied between them.

Linear expansion coefficient α of the main body layer 11a of the housing-side bearing member 11. is smaller than the linear expansion coefficient αh of the housing 1o, the linear expansion coefficient α8 of the outer peripheral layer 11b is smaller than that of the main body layer 11.
Linear expansion coefficient α of a. The linear expansion coefficient α of the main body layer 11a is made of a material having a smaller value than the linear expansion coefficient α of the main body layer 11a. and the linear expansion coefficient α of the housing 1o.

These relationships can be expressed numerically as follows.

αh〉α. 〉α, (1) α1〉α, 〉α. (2) Contrary to '' above, the linear expansion coefficient α of the main body layer 11a of the housing-side bearing member 11. is larger than the linear expansion coefficient α of the housing 1°, the outer peripheral layer 11b is formed of a material whose linear expansion coefficient α is smaller than the linear expansion coefficient α1 of the housing lOO.

This relationship can be expressed numerically as follows.

α. 〉α,〉α1(3) Similarly, the linear expansion coefficients of the shaft body 20 and the main body layer 21a and the inner peripheral layer 21b of the shaft side bearing member 21 are set so that the following conditions are satisfied between them. do.

When the linear expansion coefficient α of the main body layer 21a of the shaft body side bearing member 21 is smaller than the linear expansion coefficient α3 of the shaft body 20, the linear expansion coefficient α5 of the inner peripheral layer 21b is equal to the linear expansion coefficient α of the main body layer 21a, Molded using a material with a value smaller than .

This relationship can be expressed numerically as follows.

α5〉α〉αb(4) Contrary to the above, if the linear expansion coefficient α of the main body layer 21a of the shaft body side bearing member 210 is larger than the linear expansion coefficient α8 of the shaft body 20, the inner peripheral layer 21b The linear expansion coefficient α is the shaft body 2
It is molded using a material having a linear expansion coefficient α5 smaller than 0, or a material having a linear expansion coefficient αi of the main body layer 21a and a linear expansion coefficient α3 of the shaft body 20.

These relationships can be expressed numerically as follows.

α1〉α3〉α, (5) αi〉α,〉α, (6) As a material adapted to the above mutual relationship, for example, the material of the housing 10 and the shaft body 20 is a steel material, and the housing side bearing member 11 and the shaft-side bearing member 21 are each made of a material having a smaller coefficient of linear expansion than the housing 10 and the shaft-side bearing member 20, for example, ceramic, the outer peripheral layer of the housing-side bearing member 11. 11b and the inner peripheral layer 21b of the shaft-side bearing member 21 have smaller linear expansion coefficients than the respective main body layers 11a and 21a, the materials (formulas (11 and (4)) include, for example, the metal materials shown in the following table. can be used.

In the above case, the outer peripheral layer 11b of the housing-side bearing member 11 has a coefficient of linear expansion that is equal to the linear expansion coefficient of the main body layer 11a.
As a material having a value intermediate between the coefficient of linear expansion of 0 (formula (2)), for example, the following metal materials can be used.

Further, the housing 10 and the shaft body 20 are made of steel, and the housing side bearing member 11 and the shaft body side bearing member 2 are made of steel.
1, the outer circumferential layer 11b of the housing-side bearing member 11 and the shaft-side When the inner peripheral layer 21b of the bearing member 21 has a smaller coefficient of linear expansion than the housing 10 and the shaft body 20, the material is (
Formulas (3) and (5)), for example the metal materials in the following table can be used.

In the above case, the inner peripheral layer 21 of the shaft side bearing member 21
When b has an intermediate value between the linear expansion coefficient of the main body layer 21a and the linear expansion coefficient of the shaft body 20, the material is (Equation (61)
, for example, the metal materials listed in the table below can be used.

The connection between the main body N11a and the outer peripheral layer 11b of the housing-side bearing member 10, the connection between the housing-side bearing member 11 and the mounting member 12, and the main body layer 21 of the shaft-side bearing member 21.
For joining a and the inner circumferential layer 21b and joining the shaft-side bearing member 21 and the mounting member 22, various known means such as adhesive, brazing material, shrink fit, etc. can be used.

As described above, the main body layer 11 of the housing side bearing member 11
There are three types of outer ring 13 and inner ring 23, respectively, depending on the correlation of linear expansion coefficients between a and the housing 10 and the correlation of linear expansion coefficients between the main body layer 21a of the shaft side bearing member 21 and the shaft 20. However, these various types of outer ring 13 and inner ring 23 can be used in any combination depending on the usage conditions of the bearing.

In the rolling bearing in which the outer ring 13 and the inner ring 23 having the above structure are assembled, the main body layer 11 of the bearing member 11 constituting the outer ring 13 may
The difference between the coefficient of linear expansion between a and the outer peripheral layer 11b and the coefficient of linear expansion of the housing 10 or the mounting member 12, the coefficient of linear expansion between the main body layer 21a and the inner peripheral layer 21b of the bearing member 21 constituting the inner ring 23, and the shaft body 20 or the main body layer 11a of each bearing member 11.21 due to the difference in coefficient of linear expansion of the mounting member 22.

Even if thermal stress occurs in the bearing member 21a, this thermal stress can be suppressed to the minimum level, and the attachment of the outer ring 13 and the inner ring 23 is possible because the thermal stress generated in each bearing member 11. However, stress can also be suppressed to the minimum level.

(1) Linear expansion coefficient α of the main body layer 11a of the housing-side bearing member 11. and the linear expansion coefficient α of the main body layer 21a of the shaft-side bearing member 21 are smaller than the linear expansion coefficient αゎ of the housing 10 and the linear expansion coefficient α1 of the shaft body 20, respectively, the outer peripheral layer of the housing-side bearing member 11. The linear expansion coefficient α8 of the shaft-side bearing member 21 and the linear expansion coefficient α5 of the inner circumference 1!21b of the shaft-side bearing member 21 are the linear expansion coefficient α of the respective main body layers 11a and 21a. , α1 (Equations (11 and (4)), even if the temperature during bearing operation increases, the outer peripheral layer 11b of each bearing member 11.21.

The amount of thermal deformation of the inner circumferential layer 21b is determined by the amount of thermal deformation of each of the main body layers 11a,
The amount of thermal deformation of the main body layers 11a, 21a is smaller than that of the main body layers 11a, 21a.
Since the amounts of thermal deformation of the housing 10 and the shaft body 20 are smaller than those of the housing 10 and the shaft body 20, on the housing side, the resulting radial clearance is absorbed by the interference between the housing 10 and the outer ring 13, and the main body layer As a result of minimizing the stress in the main body layer 11a, excessive stress will not be generated in the main body layer 11a, and on the shaft body side, a larger amount of thermal deformation will occur in the shaft body 20 or the mounting member 22 than in the main body layer 21a, The inner circumferential layer 21b absorbs the increase in stress in the main body layer 21a due to deformation due to the hoop stress caused by the interference between the shaft body 20 and the inner ring 23, and excessive stress is no longer generated in the main body layer 21a. .

Furthermore, in the above case, the housing side bearing member 11
The linear expansion coefficient α1 of the outer peripheral layer 11b is the linear expansion coefficient α of the main body layer 11a. When the linear expansion coefficient α of the housing 10 is set to an intermediate value (formula (2)), the above-mentioned formula (
The same effects as in 1) are expected.

Therefore, which case of equation (1) or equation (2) is more effective depends on the housing 10. It is determined by the mutual relationship between the linear expansion coefficients of the main body layer 11a, the outer peripheral layer 11b, and the mounting member 12 of the bearing member 11, the dimensions of each component, and the temperature during use.

(2) Linear expansion coefficient α of the main body J'@lla of the housing-side bearing member 11. and the linear expansion coefficient α of the main body layer of the shaft side bearing member 210, and the linear expansion coefficient α of the housing 10, respectively.
6 and the linear expansion coefficient α5 of the shaft body 20, the linear expansion coefficient α of the outer circumferential layer 11b of the housing side bearing member 11, and the linear expansion coefficient α of the inner circumferential layer 21b of the shaft body side bearing member 21 (7), When the linear expansion coefficient α of the housing 10 and the linear expansion coefficient α of the shaft body 20 are set to values smaller than those of the housing 10 and the shaft body 20, respectively (Equations (3) and (51), the temperature during bearing operation increases. Even if the outer circumference N of each bearing member 11.21
11b and the amount of thermal deformation of the inner circumferential layer 21b of the housing 10. The amount of thermal deformation of the shaft body 20 is smaller than that of the housing I.
Q. The amount of thermal deformation of the shaft body 20 is the bearing member 11 and 21, respectively.
Since the amount of thermal deformation is smaller than that of the main body layers 11a and 21a, on the housing side, a larger amount of thermal deformation occurs in the housing 10 or the mounting member 12 than that of the main body layer 11a, and the difference between the housing 10 and the outer ring 13. The main body N11a is caused by stress-induced deformation caused by the interference of
The outer circumferential layer 11b absorbs the increase in the stress of As a result of minimizing stress in 21a, each body layer 11
Excessive stress will not be generated in a and 21a.

In the above case, the linear expansion coefficient α of the inner peripheral layer 21b of the shaft-side bearing member 21 is the main body! When the linear expansion coefficient α1 of the shaft body 21a and the linear expansion coefficient α8 of the shaft body 20 are set to an intermediate value (formula (6)), the same effect as in the above-mentioned formula (5) is expected. .

Therefore, which case of formula (5) or formula (6) is more effective depends on the shaft body 20. Main body layer 21a of bearing member 21
9. It is determined by the mutual relationship between the linear expansion coefficients of the inner circumferential layer 21b and the mounting member 22, the dimensions of the respective components, and the temperature during use.

In the embodiments described above, the case where the outer ring and the inner ring are each made up of a bearing member and a mounting member has been described, but the mounting member may be omitted if necessary, and the outer ring and the inner ring may be made of only the bearing member. can.

Further, the combination of the housing side bearing member and the shaft body side bearing member of the present invention is not limited to the combination described in the above embodiment (three types of bearing members are used for the housing side and the shaft body side, respectively). They can be used in any combination, and can also be used as a single bearing member on either the housing side or the shaft body side.

Furthermore, the present invention can be applied not only to the cylindrical roller bearing explained in the above embodiment, but also to the bearing rings of other rolling bearings, as well as to the bearing rings of sliding bearings. Alternatively, it can be applied as both bearing members.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, in the bearing device of the present invention, the housing-side bearing member is configured as a laminate of the main body layer and the outer peripheral layer, and the shaft-side bearing member is configured as a laminate of the main body layer and the inner peripheral layer. The linear expansion coefficient between the housing and the main body layer and the outer peripheral layer of the bearing member, and the linear expansion coefficient between the shaft body and the main body layer and the inner peripheral layer of the bearing member satisfy predetermined relationships. By regulating the temperature, even if a temperature change occurs during bearing operation, the main body layer of each bearing member is not affected by thermal stress or mutual stress, allowing smooth operation.

Therefore, according to the present invention, in a bearing device in which the linear expansion coefficients of the housing and shaft body and the bearing member assembled thereto are different, even if a temperature change occurs during bearing operation, the bearing member itself can provide good followability. As a result, compared to conventional bearing devices of this type, the structure is simpler and the space around the bearing is smaller, making it possible to provide a bearing device that can be easily assembled in a short time.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional side view of the upper half of an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 10 is a housing, 11 is a housing-side bearing member, lla and llb are the main body layer and outer peripheral layer of the housing-side bearing member, 20 is a shaft body, 21 is a shaft-side bearing member, 2
1a and 21b are a main body layer and an inner peripheral layer of the shaft-side bearing member, respectively.

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a bearing device in which the linear expansion coefficients of the housing and the bearing member attached thereto are different, and the linear expansion coefficients of the shaft body and the bearing member attached thereto are different, the housing-side bearing member is attached to the main body layer and the outer periphery of the main body layer. The housing-side bearing member is configured as a laminate with an outer peripheral layer integrally joined to the side, and the shaft-side bearing member is constructed as a laminate with the main body layer and an inner peripheral layer integrally joined to the inner peripheral side of the main body layer. If the coefficients of linear expansion of the main body layer of the housing and the main body layer of the shaft-side bearing member are smaller than those of the housing and the shaft, the outer circumferential layer of the housing-side bearing member and the inner circumferential layer of the shaft-side bearing member Set the linear expansion coefficient of the outer peripheral layer of the housing-side bearing member to a value between the linear expansion coefficients of the main body layer and the housing. If the linear expansion coefficients of the main body layer of the housing-side bearing member and the main body layer of the shaft-side bearing member are each larger than those of the housing and the shaft body,
The linear expansion coefficients of the outer circumferential layer of the housing-side bearing member and the inner circumferential layer of the shaft-side bearing member are set to be smaller than those of the housing and the shaft, respectively, or the line of the inner circumferential layer of the shaft-side bearing member The coefficient of expansion is set to an intermediate value between the coefficients of linear expansion of the main body layer and the shaft body, and the housing side bearing member and the shaft body side bearing member can be combined arbitrarily or as separate units. A bearing device characterized in that it is attached with a fit having an interference between the two.