JPS6319352A - Heat insulating dehumidifying structure of wall of building - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] Endkan II relates to a heat insulating and dehumidifying structure for walls of buildings having a ventilation layer. [Background of the Invention] In recent years, energy saving has become a social goal, and various energy saving measures have been implemented.

For example, when looking at buildings, methods are used to prevent heat dissipation by making the walls, floors, ceilings, etc. of buildings insulated structures.

Insulation of such buildings is achieved by filling bulky fiber aggregates such as class wool or rock wool between the external and internal walls, in the ceiling 2S (attic), and under the floor. ing. Based on the knowledge that when water vapor generated indoors is dissipated outdoors from walls, floors, ceilings, etc., the amount of heat dissipated together with this water vapor reaches a comparable amount. Instead of the above-mentioned heat insulating material, a heat insulating material with moisture insulating properties (in Unhappened 11, heat insulating materials with such moisture insulating properties are referred to as "insulating and moisture insulating materials") may be used. It is becoming. In other words, heat insulating and moisture insulating materials are placed in such a way that they not only prevent the dissipation of heat through radiation and conduction from the walls, floors, and ceilings of buildings, but also prevent the dissipation of heat due to the release of water vapor. This method is used to improve the insulation effect by separating the outdoor and indoor areas of buildings.

Furthermore, recently, PIi heat! A construction method has been adopted in which the lr damp material is further made airtight and this is used to make the entire building airtight.

However, by attaching the heat insulating moisture material in this way, the moisture insulating material has moisture insulating properties, so the amount of moisture that penetrates into the interior from the surface of the heat insulating moisture barrier material decreases, or conversely, for example, Moisture that has entered the interior of the heat-insulating moisture-insulating material from the exposed end portions of the heat-insulating moisture-insulating material becomes difficult to release. Therefore, there is a problem that the moisture content of the i-thermal insulation material increases with the passage of time. The moisture that has entered the inside of the insulation and moisture insulation material in this way condenses (condenses) at the bottom of the insulation and moisture insulation material attached to the wall, for example: 3 high fibers! This causes the heat insulating part made of the L aggregate to aggregate and reduce the heat insulating effect. In addition, it may penetrate into the wood of the walls or foundations that are in contact with the insulation and cause it to rot, which can shorten the useful life of the building. .

In order to solve these problems, a ventilation layer is provided between the insulation and moisture insulation material and the external wall, and the moisture in the insulation and moisture insulation material is removed by I! Ir
A construction method is used in which the air is released into the ventilation layer using fine holes provided on the surface of the heat insulating material facing the ventilation layer. In other words, this construction method uses the above-mentioned fine permeability method to remove the moisture contained in the insulation material using the difference between the partial pressure of water vapor in the ventilation layer and the partial pressure of water vapor in the insulation material. The moisture released into the ventilation layer is usually discharged from the holes into the ventilation layer, and is carried by the air flowing from the bottom to the top of the ventilation layer and discharged outdoors. By using this method, the wood content in the insulation pJr wet material can be reduced and dew condensation can be prevented.

Conventionally, the ventilation layer provided in this way usually has a thickness of 5 to 5.
It is a layer with a thickness of about 0 mm, and it was thought that the amount of ventilation would not be that large, but it is possible that a large amount of components floating in the outdoor air, such as snow or rain, could infiltrate this ventilation layer. It was said that there was no 1”J.

However, according to the inventor's study, it has been confirmed that, for example, in the case of a snowstorm, air flows into the ventilation layer at a considerable velocity, and furthermore, it has been determined that a considerable amount of snow also enters with this air. I did 1. The snow that has entered the ventilation layer in this way may be blown up from the bottom of the ventilation layer to the top and deposited in areas such as the ceiling. When the snow accumulated in this way melts, a large amount of water may seep into the heat insulating and moisture insulating material. decreases,
Furthermore, if this wood penetrates into the wood, it will rot the wood and shorten the useful life of the building! ] Produces WJ.

[Object of the Invention] An object of the present invention is to provide a heat insulating and dehumidifying structure for a wall of a building that exhibits good heat insulation and moisture insulation properties.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a heat insulating and dehumidifying structure for walls of buildings in which the heat insulating effect is not impaired for a long period of time.

[Summary of Part 51] The present invention has an internal wall, an external wall, and an inner wall. 3 walls and a heat insulating and moisture insulating material provided closely to the internal wall between the three walls and the external wall, the heat insulating and moisture insulating material comprising a heat insulating part on the side facing the internal wall and a heat insulating part on the side facing the external wall. A building consisting of a windproof and dehumidifying section provided on the surface and having fine perforations throughout the entire surface, and between which the walls are connected with voids so as to form a circulating ventilation layer from the bottom to the top. The wall insulation dehumidification structure is characterized in that a filter member is provided near the lower end of the ventilation layer to filter floating components in the air that enters the ventilation layer.

[Detailed description of the invention] The adiabatic dehumidification structure of a wall provided with a ventilation layer is already known as mentioned above.

FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a cross section of a building having a wall provided with a ventilation layer.

The wall heat insulating and dehumidifying structure of the present invention basically consists of an inner wall 11, an outer wall 12, and a heat insulating and moisture insulating material 13 sandwiched between these two walls.
It consists of. 1! The lr heat insulation material 13 includes at least a heat insulation section 15 and a windproof dehumidification section (moisture insulation section) 16. The heat insulating and moisture insulating material 13 is attached so as to be in close contact with the surface of the heat insulating part 15 or the inner wall 11 facing outdoors, and facing the windproof and dehumidifying part 16 or the outer wall 12.

The external wall 12 is arranged so as to form a certain gap on the outdoor side of the heat insulating and moisture insulating member 13.

This void is the ventilation layer 14. The ventilation layer 14 is opened at the lower end 17 so that outdoor air can enter, and is further opened at the upper end 18. Note that the thickness of the ventilation layer 14 is usually within a range of 5 to 50 mm.

Usually, a heat insulating and moisture insulating material 13 or the like is also placed in the ceiling 19 and under the floor 20.

The heat insulating part 15 is a bulky fiber aggregate, and glass wool, asbestos, or the like is normally used as the heat insulating part. The thickness of the heat insulating section is usually in the range of 50 to 300 mm.

The windproof dehumidifying section 16 has fine through holes on its entire surface through which moisture contained in the heat insulating section 15 can be released into the ventilation layer 14. Normally, such fine pores have a moisture permeation rate of 50 per 24 hours (JIS-Z-0208 condition B).
The number of fine pores, average pore diameter, etc. are set within the range of 00 to 15,000 g/go.

Usually, such a windproof dehumidifying part 16 is made of a sheet-like moisture insulating material (e.g., an aluminum metal-deposited composite plastic sheet with fine perforations formed on the entire surface, a sheet-like asphalt felt), a boat-like moisture insulating material (e.g., , single boat)
etc. are used.

In particular, it is preferable to use a sheet-like moisture insulating material, and among sheet-like moisture insulating materials, it is preferable to use an aluminum-metal-deposited composite plastic sheet.

An example of an aluminum metal vapor-deposited composite plastic sheet is the composite sheet disclosed in JP-A-56-159450 (hereinafter, in the present invention, when simply referred to as "composite sheet", the composite sheet described in this publication is referred to as "composite sheet"). (This refers to an aluminum metal-deposited composite plastic sheet).

That is, the material constituting the moisture insulating section is a film-like plastic sheet, and an aluminum sheet formed on the surface of this sheet. A composite sheet comprising a young layer A, a vapor-deposited protective film formed on this thin layer, and a reinforcing material layer attached to the surface of the sheet or vapor-deposited protective film on the side where the aluminum vapor-deposited layer is not formed. It is preferable to use one in which fine holes are formed over the entire surface. When such a composite sheet is used, the composite sheet and the heat insulating part are arranged so as to face either the reinforcing material layer or the heat insulating part of the composite sheet. Note that the thickness of such a composite sheet is usually 10
~loogm.

In such a heat insulating dehumidifying structure, outdoor air entering the ventilation layer enters from the lower end 17 of the wall and passes through the windproof dehumidifying section 1.
6, passes through the upper end 811118 into the attic space 19, and exits outside through a vent (not shown) provided in the side surface of the roof.

Normally, the humidity of outdoor air passing through the ventilation layer is
Since the humidity is lower than the humidity in the air contained in the air insulating section 15, the moisture contained in the heat insulating section 15 diffuses through the fine holes provided on the surface of the windproof dehumidifying section 16 and flows into the ventilation layer. It is discharged outdoors along with the circulating air. On the other hand, the air in the insulation part does not flow out into the ventilation layer through the fine holes because the diameter of the fine holes is small, and the air from the ventilation layer passes through all the through holes into the insulation part. There is no influx.

The heat-insulating and moisture-insulating material only needs to consist of a heat-insulating part and a windproof and dehumidifying part. It is preferable that the windproof and dehumidifying part has a three-layer structure.

FIG. 2 shows a cross section of another embodiment of a wall heat insulating and dehumidifying structure having a ventilation layer.

゛That is, as shown in FIG.
Or, the windproof dehumidification part 26 l, xl has fine perforations on the entire surface.
It is preferable that the heat insulating part 25 is sandwiched between the windproof and dehumidifying part 26 and the moisture-insulating part 30 and the moisture-insulating and moisture-tight part 30 having no fine holes.

In this embodiment as well, it is preferable that the windproof and dehumidifying section 26 is a composite sheet having fine perforations throughout the entire surface as described above. Further, it is preferable that the PIIr moisture-tight section 30 is a composite sheet made of the same material as the windproof and dehumidifying section and having no fine pores. The thickness of the moisture-blocking and moisture-tight portion 30 is the same as that of the windproof and dehumidifying portion 26.
Similarly, it is usually within the range of lO to loOuLm.

When the composite sheet described in item 1- is used in such a windproof dehumidifying section and a moisture-insulating section, the composite sheet is usually arranged so as to face either the reinforcing material layer or the heat insulating section of each composite sheet.

Then, a composite sheet without fine pores (moisture-tight part 3
0) is placed in close contact with the surface of the internal wall 21 facing outdoors, and is placed so as to face the external wall 22 via the ventilation layer 24 or a composite sheet (windproof dehumidifying section 26) having fine perforations on the entire surface.

By using the moisture insulation insulation material 23 consisting of the moisture insulation sealing part 30 which does not have such fine pores, the heat insulating part 25 and the windproof dehumidification part 26 which has fine pores on the entire surface, the insulation fII 25 is achieved.
This can effectively prevent moisture from entering from the inner wall 21 side.

In a wall insulation structure having a ventilation layer, as mentioned above, the moisture contained in the insulation and moisture insulation material is effectively discharged through the fine pores of the windbreak and dehumidification section, so that moisture condenses in the moisture insulation material. Is it a good thing in principle? It has a fever.

However, when a considerable amount of outdoor air infiltrates as described above, suspended components in the air, such as snow, flow into the ventilation layer along with the air.

That is, as shown in FIG. 1, floating components in the air enter through the opening of the lower end 17 of the ventilation layer, are carried by the air rising within the ventilation layer 14 toward the upper end 18, and are deposited in the attic space 19. In cold regions, the infiltration of snow, which has relatively low bulk among suspended components, becomes a particular problem. In other words, the snow accumulated in the attic 19 gradually melts and some of it enters the heat insulating part 13 through the joints of the heat insulating and moisture insulating material 13, increasing the moisture content in the heat insulating part 15. . Furthermore, the humidity in the attic space 19 also increases, and for example, moisture condensed on the surface of the wall facing north in the attic space becomes constantly moist. In particular, the amount of moisture that enters the heat-insulating and moisture-absorbing material 13 can be quite large. The amount of moisture that enters is generally far greater than the amount that can be removed by the conventional method of using the ventilation layer 14 to diffuse and remove it through the fine holes in the windproof dehumidifying section 16. Such moisture not only destroys the insulation effect of the heat-insulating and moisture-insulating material, but also rots building materials such as wood and reinforcing steel, ultimately shortening the useful life of the building. Therefore, even if the amount of outdoor air flowing through the ventilation layer is limited to some extent, it is necessary to prevent snow and the like from penetrating through the ventilation layer.

On the other hand, according to the study by the FFI 151, the release of moisture in the 8-thermal insulation material mainly utilizes the difference in vapor pressure of moisture; There is almost no correlation between There is a tendency to

The present invention has been made based on such knowledge. That is, in an adiabatic dehumidifying structure for a wall having a ventilation layer, a filtration member for filtering floating components in the air that enters the ventilation layer is disposed near the lower end of the ventilation layer.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view showing the vicinity of the lower part of the ventilation layer in which the filter member is disposed.

The surface of the internal wall 31 facing outdoors consists of an insulating, moisture-tight section 40 that does not have micro-perforations, a windproof and dehumidifying section 36 that has micro-perforations on the entire surface, and a heat-insulating section 35 sandwiched between the two. A heat insulating and moisture insulating material 33 is provided. The external wall 32 is arranged so as to form a ventilation layer 34 between the external wall 32 and the heat insulating and moisture insulating material 33. Near the lower end 37 of the open ventilation layer 34, suspended components (
For example, a filter member 41 for filtering snow and the like is provided.

In FIG. 3, the filtration member 41 is disposed at the lower end portion 37 of the ventilation layer so as to be sandwiched between the heat insulating and moisture insulating material 33 and the external wall 32. 34
It may be located below or above the position of the lever, as long as it is capable of filtering airborne components entering the air. Further, the arrangement does not necessarily have to be held in place as described above, and may be fixed in the opening of the lower end 37 using a nail or the like, for example, so that the floating 'M component can be filtered. .

The filtration member 41 has a certain degree of breathability and has a moat that displaces floating components such as snow, rain, and dust in the air. Furthermore, for example, an external wall 32 and a heat insulating and moisture insulating material 3
3, between the external wall 32 and the filtration member 41, or between the moisture material 33 and the filtration member 41.
It is preferable that the material is made of an elastic material with a certain restoring force so as not to create a gap between the material and the material. In addition, it is preferable that the material can be easily cut with a regular cutter during construction, or that it be made of a flexible material.

Examples of two materials for filtration members that require such characteristics are polyolefin fiber and Bo1J-A1amide! a
Male, polyvinyl chloride MA fiber, polyvinylidene chloride MA
! a. Polyacrylonitrile fibers, polyurethane fibers, polystyrene fibers and inorganic man-made fibers! A-fibers, etc. can be mentioned.

FIG. 4 shows an example of a filter member.

The filter member shown in FIG. 4 is made by winding a nonwoven fabric made of synthetic fibers such as polyethylene fibers into a cylindrical shape.

The filter member usually has a diameter (D) or 10 to 50 mm (
The length L) is preferably within the range of 18 to 24 mm), and the length L) is 100 to 1000 mm (preferably 30 mm).
0 to 420 mm) is easy to use.The shape of the filtration member is not particularly limited, but the cylindrical shape described above is advantageous from the point of view of restoring force.

In particular, a filter member made of polyethylene fiber and formed into a cylindrical shape is excellent in two properties such as filterability, restoring force, workability, and water resistance.

Furthermore, it is preferable that the filter member be treated to be insect repellent to insects such as termites. As the insect repellent used for such insect repellent treatment, a commonly used insect repellent for termites and other insects can be used. In addition, for example, as an insect repellent, an organic phosphate insect repellent [eg, chlorpyrifos (product: Utsudi O, W) is used.

180, manufactured by Kemiholz ■, etc., the filter member may become water repellent, and such cases are particularly preferred.

When the outdoor air flowing into the ventilation layer passes through the filtering member, suspended components such as snow, rain, and dust are filtered out, and the air flows into the ventilation layer. By providing the filter member, the amount of air flowing in is reduced to some extent, but the release of moisture from the fine holes in the windproof dehumidifying section is not substantially impaired. When the air that has flowed into the ventilation layer passes through the ventilation layer, it transports moisture discharged from the fine holes in the windproof dehumidifying section, then rises through the ventilation layer and exits outside through the attic.

The filter member is arranged using a conventional method for attaching a wall with a ventilation layer, such as attaching a heat insulating and moisture insulating material to the inner wall and then attaching an outer wall across the filter member.

[Effects of IJJ] The insulating and dehumidifying structure of the wall of the building in IJJ can prevent snow from entering the ventilation layer by using a filtration member.
This will help prevent snow from accumulating in areas such as the ceiling. Therefore, the insulation effect of the heat-insulating and moisture-insulating material will not be lost, and the useful life of the building itself will be extended.

Furthermore, by arranging the filtration member, the amount of air flowing through the ventilation layer is reduced to a certain degree, or the moisture contained in the section is reduced by the vapor pressure of the water in the TIR heating section and flowing through the ventilation layer. Since the moisture is released due to the difference in vapor pressure between the wood and the air, the moisture in the insulation area is removed in the same way as in conventional adiabatic dehumidification structures.

In addition, since the amount of air flowing through the ventilation layer is reduced, the amount of heat removed by the circulating air from the surface of the windproof dehumidifying section is reduced, and the heat insulation effect is improved.

Further, dust and the like are also removed by the filter member.

Furthermore, by using an insect-repellent filtering member, termites and the like can be prevented from forming within the ventilation layer.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a chamber 2 equipped with a wall provided with a ventilation layer. FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing another yE type of the wall heat insulating and dehumidifying structure of the present invention having a ventilation layer. FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view showing the vicinity of the lower part of the ventilation layer in which the filter member is disposed. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of a filter member. 11.21, 31: Internal wall 12.22, 32: External wall 13.23, 33: Heat insulation and moisture insulation material 14. 24, 34: Ventilation layer! 5, 25, 35: Heat insulation section 16. 26, 36: Windproof and dehumidifying section with fine perforations on the entire surface 17. 27, 37: Lower end of ventilation layer 18 2. Upper end of ventilation layer 19: Ceiling 20: Floor 30 .40: Water-insulating moisture-tight part without microscopic pores 41: Tracing member D = Diameter of cylindrical filtration member L: Length of cylindrical filtration member

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Consisting of an internal wall, an external wall, and a heat insulating moisture damping material provided between the internal wall and the external wall in close contact with the internal wall, the heat insulating moisture damping material comprising: It consists of a heat insulating part on the side facing the internal wall and a windproof dehumidifying part provided on the surface facing the external wall and having fine perforations on the entire surface, and in between, a ventilation layer that allows flow from the bottom to the top of the wall. A heat insulating and dehumidifying structure for walls of a building that are separated by a gap so as to form a wall, and a filtering member is provided near the lower end of the ventilation layer to filter floating components in the air that enter the ventilation layer. A heat insulating and dehumidifying structure characterized by 2. The heat insulating and dehumidifying structure according to claim 1, wherein the filtration member is made of a nonwoven fabric made of chemical fibers. 3. The heat insulating dehumidification structure according to claim 1, wherein the filtering member is an elastic member having a cylindrical shape. 4. The heat-insulating dehumidifying structure according to claim 1, wherein the filter member is insect-proofed. 5. Claim 5, characterized in that the heat insulating and moisture insulating material consists of a heat insulating section sandwiched between a moisture insulating and moisture tight section that does not have microscopic pores and a windproof and dehumidifying section that has microscopic pores on the entire surface. The insulation dehumidification structure described in item 1.