JPS63182991A - Stereoscopic television receiver - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent flickers by providing a display device that displays the overall intensity of video signals for a left eye and a right eye, a polarizer that polarizes by the phase difference of the video signals, and using a polarizing optical glasses in which photodetectors intersecting orthogonally with each other are provided for the left eye and the right eye. CONSTITUTION:The voltage value Vr of a video signal inputted to the display device is set so that it comes approximately proportionate to the a value generated by adding the voltage values L of video signals corresponding to the right eye and the left eye. And the voltage value Vtheta of a signal inputted to the polarizer is set so that it comes proportionate to the phase differences of R<1/2> and L<1/2>. The optical modulation element 18 of the polarizer 5 controls the polarizing direction corresponding to the voltage value V at every picture element to the display device 4 in order to separate signals for the right eye and the left eye into a component perpendicular to a polarizer 17 and a component in parallel with the photodetector 17. The photodetector 62 for left eye of the polarizing optical glasses 6 intersects orthogonally with the direction of the polarizer 17, and photodetector 61 for right eye becomes in parallel with the direction of the polarizer 17. When the intensity I0 of the output light beam of the display device 4 is proportionate with the voltage value of a video signal, it is I0 proportional (R+L). If, for example, a signal L is zero, signals to be received by the left eye are 0, the signals corresponding to the right eye are obtained. In such a way, signals are obtained at all time for both eyes without having time division, therefore, flickers does not occur.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a stereoscopic television device that obtains stereoscopic images using polarized glasses.

[Conventional technology]

Conventional stereoscopic television equipment is, for example, disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 53-5
As described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1917 and Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 1917-112192, video signals corresponding to the left eye and the right eye are switched and displayed on a display device such as a cathode ray tube for each field, and then the polarization means is used to display the video signals corresponding to the left eye and the right eye. A three-dimensional image is obtained by configuring video signals corresponding to the left and right eyes to be viewed alternately.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

In the above conventional technology, the left eye is used for each field.

Since the video signal corresponding to the right eye is switched, there is a problem in that flicker occurs, degrading the image quality.

An object of the present invention is to provide a high-quality stereoscopic television device that prevents flickering.

[Means for solving problems]

The above object is to provide a display device that displays the total intensity of video signals corresponding to the left eye and right eye, and a polarization device that is composed of a polarizer and a light modulation element array and polarizes the video signal according to the phase difference of the video signal. This is achieved by obtaining a three-dimensional image using polarized glasses in which analyzers whose orientations are perpendicular to each other are provided for the left and right eyes.

[Effect]

The voltage value of the video signal input to the display device (first signal) is approximately proportional to the sum of the voltage value R of the video signal corresponding to the right eye and the voltage value of the video signal corresponding to the left eye. Set as in equation (1) so that

Vr bell (R+L)-・-・---------・・-----
--- (1) Also, the voltage value V of the signal input to the polarization device
θ (second signal) is set as shown in equation (2) so that it is proportional to the phase difference between Ai and E when −1/T and loss are regarded as mutually orthogonal vectors.

Va ao tan-'(n)'R') ・----
−−−−−−−(2) The light modulation element in the polarization device is provided corresponding to each pixel of the display device, and the polarization direction is determined according to equation (2) for each pixel signal. The control separates the signals corresponding to the right and left eyes into a component perpendicular to the polarizer and a component parallel to the polarizer.

If you set the left eye analyzer of polarized glasses to be perpendicular to the orientation of the polarizer, and the right eye analyzer to be parallel to the orientation of the polarizer, the right eye can be seen as shown below.

Corresponding signals are obtained from the left eye.

When the intensity I0 of light output from the display device is proportional to the voltage value of the video signal, it becomes as shown in (3) 2.

■. d(R+L)・−・・−・−・−・・・・(3) At this time, for example, if (2) 2 is O, that is, if the signal of the left eye is 0, the optical signal passing through the polarizer is In the light modulation element,
The light enters the analyzer without changing its polarization direction.

Since the polarizer and left eye analyzer are orthogonal, the signal received by the left eye is O, and since the polarizer and right eye analyzer are parallel,
The right eye gets the corresponding signal.

In general, the light modulation element displaces the polarization angle by θ shown in equation (2), so the intensity IR and ■ of the light passing through the right and left eye analyzers are f4), as shown in equation (5). become,
Signals corresponding to the right eye and left eye are obtained.

1, oo Iosin2θ= R---------
−−−−−−−−−−−−(4) TLcc T, c
os2θ= L −−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
--(5) In this way, the signals corresponding to the right eye and the left eye are not time-divisionally obtained but are always obtained, so flicker does not occur.

Note that although the above explanation does not take into account gamma correction of the display device, it goes without saying that when using a display device having gamma characteristics, gamma correction is performed to satisfy (3) 2.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a stereoscopic television apparatus according to the present invention, in which 1 and 2 are video signal input terminals corresponding to the right eye and left eye, respectively, 3 is a conversion circuit, and 4 is a display device. , 5 is a polarizing device, 6 is polarized glasses, 61.6□ are mutually orthogonal analyzers, 7 is a synchronization signal input terminal, and 8 is a drive circuit.

In the figure, video signals corresponding to the right eye and left eye are input to input terminals 1 and 2, respectively.

Generally, to obtain a stereoscopic image, video signals corresponding to the right eye and the left eye are required, and for this purpose, two left and right television cameras installed at a certain distance are used to capture images.

The input video signal is converted by the conversion circuit 3 into a sum signal of the right eye and left eye video signals shown in equation 411 and a phase difference signal of the right eye and left eye video signals shown in (2) 2. do.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the conversion circuit 3, with 31
, 3□ is an A/D conversion circuit, 3. (Type 11.

(2) an arithmetic circuit that performs an arithmetic operation according to the formula; 3. ．． 3. is D
/A conversion circuit, 36.37 is an amplifier circuit, and 3Il is a gamma correction circuit.

In the same figure, as another configuration, by an analog circuit,
It may also be configured to generate ■1°■- which approximately satisfies equation (11, (2)).

The video signal V1, which is the sum of the right eye and left eye signals, is input to the display device 4, and the phase difference signal ■θ between the right eye and left eye signals is input to the polarization device 5 driven by the drive circuit 8. .

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the display device 4, in which 4I is a video signal amplification circuit, 4□ is a polarization circuit that polarizes the electron beam in the horizontal and vertical directions, and 4. is a cathode ray tube.

The image output from the display device 4 is polarized by the polarization device 5 for each pixel corresponding to the pixels on the tube surface of the cathode ray tube 43 according to the principles shown in equations (3) to (5). The signals corresponding to the signals are separated into mutually orthogonal polarization components.

The signals separated in this way can be detected by using polarized glasses 6 having analyzers 6I and 6□ whose azimuths are orthogonal to each other.
Corresponding signals can be seen with the right and left eyes.

Hereinafter, the operation of the polarizing device 5, which is the main part of the present invention, will be explained in more detail using FIGS. 4 to 7.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the configuration of the polarization device 5 in FIG. 1, in which 9 is a horizontal shift register, 10 is a vertical shift register, 11. , 11□ are each horizontal.

A driving pulse input terminal of the vertical shift register, 12 an input terminal for a phase difference signal V#, 13 a horizontal switch, 14 a signal line, 15 a pixel, and 16 a gate line.

In the figure, a video signal is output by sequentially scanning the surface of a cathode ray tube, and in synchronization with this, horizontal and vertical shift registers 9 and 10 are driven to control the polarization of each pixel 15.

To drive the polarization device, first, the vertical shift register 10 applies a high-level pulse to the gate pad 16 of the row to be scanned to select the row, and then the horizontal shift register 9 sequentially turns on the horizontal switches 13 to select the position. Phase difference signal■
Add - to each pixel.

Next, control of polarization in the pixel 15 will be explained.

Figure 5 is from pixel 15 in Figure 4 to analyzer 6.6□ in Figure 1.
2 is a perspective view showing a path of an optical signal leading to the optical signal, in which 17 is a polarizer, 18 is a light modulation element, and 19 is a polarization control section.

In the figure, a pixel 15 includes a polarizer 17 and a polarization control unit 19.
It consists of

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of the polarization control section 19 in more detail, in which 20 is a vertical switch, 21 , 22
□ is an electrode for applying a phase difference signal - to the optical modulation element 18.

In the figure, when the traveling direction of the optical signal in the optical modulation element 18 and the applied force direction of ■θ are the same, the electrode 21. ,
22□ uses a transparent electrode.

In FIG. 5, the horizontal direction is the X axis, the vertical direction is the y axis, and the traveling direction of the optical signal is perpendicular to the xy plane.

The orientation of the polarizer 17 is set to make an angle of 45° with the y-axis, and the orientation of the analyzer 61 for the right eye is also set to make an angle of 45° with the y-axis. The direction of □ is set to make an angle of -45° with the y-axis.

The optical signal output from the display device 4 in FIG.
The light is transmitted and becomes linearly polarized light parallel to the orientation of the polarizer.

The optical signal transmitted through the polarizer 17 is input to the optical modulation element 18 and undergoes phase modulation according to the phase difference voltage ■θ.

For the light modulation element 18, an optical crystal or the like exhibiting an electro-optic effect in which the refractive index changes depending on the applied voltage is used.

Further, the main axis of the optical crystal is made to coincide with the X-axis direction. When a voltage is applied to the light modulation element 18, the refractive index nX and n of the crystal in the X-axis and y-axis directions change, and the phase difference φ between the X-axis component and the X-axis component of the input linearly polarized optical signal changes. arise.

Therefore, the optical signal changes from linearly polarized light to elliptically polarized light or circularly polarized light depending on the phase φ.

For example, when φ-π/2, the light becomes circularly polarized. Note that the phase difference φ is as shown in equation (6).

φ=2π・(nX-ny)・d/λ---(6)
In equation (6), d is the crystal length and λ is the wavelength of light.

If the orientation of the analyzer for the right eye and left eye is the R axis and L axis, respectively,
The intensities of the R component (3) and the L component (2) of the optical signal subjected to phase modulation in the optical modulation element 18 are (7).

It becomes as shown in equation (8).

IR=1. CO3” (φ/2) −−−−−−=−
-----(7)IL=1. Sin”(φ/2)−
−−−−−−−−−−−−−(8)+71. (81
In the formula, Io is the intensity of light incident on the polarizer 17.

Since the analyzers 60 and 6□ transmit only the R and L components of the optical signal, the intensities of the optical signals entering the right and left eyes are (7).
■□+IL in equation (8).

The voltage at which the phase difference is π is ■. As (7+, (Rewriting formula 81 as a relation for any voltage ■), (91, 9
It will look like equation 1.

IR/Io = COS”(V/Vo) --
---(9)IL/T,=S in"(V/Vo)
-----100(9), Q [Equation 11 shows the relative intensity of the optical signal entering the right eye and the left eye.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship of the αω equation (9), where 22 is the optical signal intensity at the right limit, and 23 is the optical signal intensity at the left eye.

If the phase difference voltage ■θ is set so that VJ=V/Vo, corresponding images will be obtained for the right eye and the left eye, respectively, according to the relationship of formulas (41 and (51).

Note that the optical crystal used for the light modulation element 18 is L=Nb03
, L4 T-03, B-T Engineering 03, etc., and organic crystals and liquid crystals exhibiting similar properties can also be used.

The direction in which the voltage is applied varies depending on the crystal structure, but when applying the voltage in the same direction as the optical signal, a transparent electrode is used so as not to impede the transmission of light.

Furthermore, applying a voltage perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the optical signal is advantageous in reducing the voltage. This is because, while the degree of modulation of light can be increased by increasing the crystal length, the degree of modulation is proportional to the applied electric field, so if the applied force direction of the voltage and the direction of light propagation are unbalanced, This is because even if the crystal length is increased, the modulation degree cannot be increased.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention, in which 24 is a liquid crystal display, 8 is a drive circuit, and other symbols are the same as those shown in FIG.

There are various types of liquid crystal displays; for example, see Akio Sasaki, ed., "Fundamentals and Applications of Liquid Crystal Electronics," published by Ohmsha, p. 143-p.

The basic configuration of the active matrix liquid crystal display described in No. 153 is the same as the basic configuration of the polarization device shown in FIG.
- input terminal 12 for video signal ■.

If the input terminal of the pixel 15 is replaced with a liquid crystal cell, the fourth
The figure can be regarded as a plan view showing the configuration of a liquid crystal display.

In FIG. 8, the configuration of the liquid crystal display 24 and the polarizing device 5 are the same, and since they operate in synchronization on a pixel basis, the driving circuit 8° of the liquid crystal display 24 and the polarizing device 5 is shared. Can be done.

FIG. 9 is a plan view showing the configuration of a polarizing device when obtaining a color image in the present invention, and 12. -123 are input terminals for green, blue, and red phase difference signals, and 15 and -153 are red in the display device 4 of FIG. 1, respectively.

Pixels corresponding to green and blue pixels and other symbols are the same as those in FIG. 4.

When performing color display, the wavelength of the optical signal output from the display element is different for each red, green, and blue pixel.

According to equation (6), the phase difference between the X-axis and y-axis components of the optical signal that occurs when voltage is applied to the optical modulation element depends on the wavelength of the light, so the modulation degree is the same for each of the red, green, and blue signals. The voltage to obtain is different.

0 [Similarly to 2, the relative intensities of the red, green, and blue optical signals corresponding to the left eye are respectively IL (R)/IO (R).

IL (G)/10 (G), IL (B)/IO
If expressed as (B), αD, (2), (03 formula) will be obtained.

FIG. 10 is a graph showing the relationship between αυ and α equation, and 25 to 27 are the blue, green, and red signal intensities of the left eye.

Note that the relative intensity of the signal corresponding to the right eye can be obtained by converting sine on the right side of the equation αD to α■ to cosine.

Red, green, and blue phase difference signals are Vl (R) and Vl (G).

■If expressed as θ(B), the voltage V applied to the light modulation element is v, (R) ・(R) for each of red, green, and blue.
-Vl(R), Vo(G) -VJ(
G), V.

(B) - VJ (B) Even if the phase difference signals are equal, the voltage applied to the light modulation element needs to be changed for each of the red, green, and blue signals. For this, the second
In the conversion circuit 3 shown in the figure, red.

The gain of each green and blue phase difference signal - is amplified by an amplifier circuit 3.
You can change each one.

In Figure 9, the red, green, and blue pixels are arranged in vertical stripes, but the pixel arrangement of the display device may be in diagonal stripes as shown in Figure 11 (a) or in diagonal stripes as shown in Figure 11 (bl). It is also possible to adopt a structure in which the pixels are shifted by half a pitch for each row.In this case, it goes without saying that the pixel arrangement of the polarizer is the same as the pixel arrangement of the display device.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view when a liquid crystal is used as the light modulation element, and shows 28. , 28□ is a transparent electrode, 291°29
□ is a glass plate, and 30 is a liquid crystal. It goes without saying that the relationships such as equations (6) to (8) hold true even when liquid crystal is used.

Further, the display device used in the present invention may be a cathode ray tube, a liquid crystal display, a plasma display, or an EL display.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, the left eye.

Since the video signal corresponding to the right eye can be obtained all the time, not every field, it is possible to eliminate the drawbacks of the prior art described above and provide a stereoscopic television device with excellent image quality and no flicker.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the conversion circuit in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the display device in FIG. Figure 4 is the first
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the polarization device; FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing details of the polarization control section in FIG. 5; FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relative intensity of the optical signal. Graph diagram, FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 9 is a plan view showing the configuration of a deflection device when obtaining a color image in the present invention, and FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 11 (al, (bl) is a plan view showing the pixel arrangement of red, green, and blue, and Figure 12 shows a configuration in which a liquid crystal is used as the light modulation element in Figure 5. It is a cross-sectional view. 3... Conversion circuit, 4... Display device, 5-...
--m optical devices, 6---Polarized glasses, 9.-
1---Horizontal shift register, 10---Vertical shift register, 13----Horizontal switch, 15.
~153...---11 red, green, and blue pixels, 17...
---Polarizer, 18 --- Light modulation element, 19 ---
1--polarization control section, 24--m-liquid crystal display,
28. , 28□-1---Transparent electrode, 30--
---One liquid crystal. Agent Patent attorney Kenji Takeshi (1 other person) 1 Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 15 Convex prefecture Figure 6 19 P9 system actual figure 7 Phase amount l Or/4 r /2 0 Vo/2 V. 1 Pressure Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 ■ (a) Wgu)% (R)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Polarized glasses comprising a display device for reproducing video signals and a polarization device for controlling the polarization of the optical signal output from the display device, and comprising a pair of analyzers whose directions are orthogonal to each other. In a 3D television device that obtains 3D images, two video signals corresponding to the left eye and right eye are divided into a first signal related to the total intensity of the two video signals and a second signal related to the phase difference. A conversion circuit for converting is provided, the first signal is reproduced in the display device, and the polarization device corresponds to the left eye and the right eye included in the reproduced optical signal of the first signal output from the display device. Using the second signal, a signal component of
A stereoscopic television device characterized in that it is configured to separate into two polarized components so that corresponding images are obtained for the left eye and the right eye, thereby preventing flicker. 2. The stereoscopic television device according to claim 1, wherein the polarizing device is constituted by a polarizer and a light modulation element array provided corresponding to the pixel array of the display device. 3D television equipment.