JPS63110313A - Wave absorbing type breakwater block - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the occurrence of waves flash as well as to enable water to flow sufficiently by a method in which tidal waves are directed from the suction port of a through hole to small-diameter part and then from the small- diameter part to the large-diameter part. CONSTITUTION:Through holes 4 directed from the outside 6 of harbor to the inside 7 are formed in columnar concrete blocks 2 sideways stacked up from the outside 6 of harbor to the inside 7, which is to be constructed into a dam 5. For the holes 4, a suction port 12 on the outside 6 of harbor, a smaller diameter part 13 than the port 12 on the inside 7 of harbor, and a larger diameter part 14 than the part 13 in the inside 7 of harbor, which is formed separately or in common to each hole 4, are provided to make up a breakwater block. The waves-breaking function can thus be effected without the occurrence of waves flash under the condition that the flow of water is secured.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial applications The present invention relates to a wave absorbing wave dissipating block.

Conventional technology The conventional wave absorbing and dissipating block is Tetrabod (
(registered trademark) is common. It consists of concrete blocks formed in a star shape with four protrusions forming a 120 degree angle with each other, and the embankment body is constructed by stacking multiple blocks.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in such conventional blocks, when waves collide with the block, energy is absorbed and waves are dissipated. The problem is that it reaches the land. In addition, the conventional blocks described above have the problem that the flow of water is obstructed, causing stagnation and causing organic matter to rot easily.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a wave absorbing wave dissipating block that can prevent the generation of wave splash and allow water to flow sufficiently.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the wave absorbing and dissipating blocks of the present invention are arranged in a horizontal direction from the outside of the bay to the inside of the bay, and can be stacked in multiples to construct an embankment body. A plurality of through holes are formed inside the columnar concrete block, going from the outside of the bay to the inside of the bay. It is characterized by having a small diameter part that is smaller in diameter than the mouth, and a large diameter part that is formed on the inner side of the bay than the small diameter part and has a larger diameter than the small diameter part.

Effect: According to the configuration described above, waves propagating from the outside of the bay toward the inside of the bay are guided from the suction port of the through hole to the small diameter section, and then propagated from the small diameter section to the large diameter section. At this time, the waves are easily guided to the small diameter part by the action of the suction port,
By colliding with the inner surface of the small diameter part, the wave is guided to the large diameter part while receiving a wave dissipation effect, and as the passage cross-sectional area increases by moving from the small diameter part to the large diameter part, energy is absorbed and reliable wave dissipation is performed. . Wave dissipation is also achieved by colliding with the inner surface of the large diameter portion.

According to the above, the waves do not collide with a rigid body, but are dissipated while passing through the through hole.

The generation of wave splash is effectively prevented. Further, as the waves pass through the through hole, a water flow is generated inside the through hole, so that stagnation can be prevented from occurring.

Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure of an embodiment (IA) of a wave absorbing and dissipating block (hereinafter referred to as a wave dissipating block) 1 based on the present invention,
FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional structure taken along line I-1 in FIG. 1. Here 2 is a block.

It is made of square column-shaped concrete.

Inside the block 2, four tubes 3 extending in the length direction of the block 2 are embedded in parallel, and the tubes 3 form four through holes 4 in one block 2. There is. The number of tubes 3 to be embedded inside the block 2 can be selected from two or more, and FIG. 3 shows an example of two tubes, and FIG. 4 shows an example of five tubes.

For example, as shown in FIG. 5, a large number of blocks 2 are piled up in the sea to form a breakwater 5 as a breakwater body. In this breakwater 5, each block 2 is oriented from the outside 6 of the bay to the inside 7 of the bay. It is placed laterally. 8 is the foundation installed on the seabed.

Reference numeral 9 denotes an upper part for forming the upper surface 10 of the breakwater 5.

In FIG. 1, in each through hole 4 formed by the tube body 3, the bay side portion 4a has a bellmouth-shaped suction port 12 that opens at the bay side end surface 11 of the block 2, respectively. Further, a small diameter portion 13 having a smaller diameter than the suction port 12 is formed over a certain length in a portion of the tube body 3 on the inner side of the bay from the suction port 12 . A large-diameter portion 14 having a larger diameter than the small-diameter portion 13 is formed in a portion of the tube body 3 on the inner side of the small-diameter portion 13 . The small diameter portion 13 and the large diameter portion 14 are connected via a connecting portion 15, and the connecting portion 15 is formed in a hemispherical shape whose diameter gradually increases from the small diameter portion 13 to the large diameter portion 14. ing.

The wave-absorbing block (IA) shown in FIG.
The bay inner part 4b also has a bellmouth-shaped discharge port 17 that opens at the bay inner end surface 16 of the block 2, and a second discharge port 17 having a smaller diameter than the discharge port 17 is formed between the discharge port 17 and the large diameter portion 14. A small diameter portion 18 and a second connection portion 19 are each formed.

FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b) show a second embodiment (IB) of the wave-breaking block 1 according to the present invention. In this embodiment (IB), the large diameter portion 14 in the wave block (IA) shown in FIG. All have a common large diameter section. That is, block 2
Each of the four through holes 4 has a suction port 12. which opens at the bay side end surface 11 in the bay side portion 4a. A small diameter portion 13 is formed, and each of the small diameter portions 13 is connected to one large diameter portion 14 provided on the inner side of the bay by a connecting portion 15. Moreover, on the inside of the bay, each of the bay inside parts 4b of the four through holes 4 has a bay inside end surface 1.
A discharge port 17 opening at 6 and a second small diameter portion 18 are formed, and are connected to the one large diameter portion 14 through a connecting portion 19 . The tube axis direction of the tube body forming the large diameter portion 14 is
It is configured parallel to the tube axis direction of the tube body 3 in which the bay outer part 4a and the bay inner part 4b of the through hole 4 are formed.

Next, FIGS. 7(a) and 7(b) show a third embodiment (IC) of the wave-dissipating block 1 based on the present invention.This embodiment (IC) is shown in FIG. Wave block (I
Similar to B), this is an example in which a common large diameter portion is provided for all four through holes 4, but the wave block (IB) shown in FIG.
In this case, the pipe axis direction of the pipe body forming the large diameter portion 14 is configured to be parallel to the pipe axis direction of the pipe body 3 forming the bay outer part 4a and the bay inner part 4b of the four through holes 4. In contrast, in this embodiment (IC), the tube axis direction of the large diameter portion 14 is configured to be orthogonal to the tube axis direction of the tube body 3 forming the bay outer part 4a and the bay inner part 4b of the through hole 4. has been done. That is, each of the four through holes 4 of the block 2 has a suction port 12 and a small diameter portion 13 that open at the end face 11 on the outside side of the bay, and a small diameter portion 13 is formed in the outside part 4a of each of the four through holes 4 of the block 2.
The large diameter portions 14 are connected to the respective large diameter portions 14 . Further, on the inner side of the bay, each of the four through holes 4 has a discharge port 17 opened at the inner side end face 16 of the bay side 4b. A second small diameter section 18 is formed and connected to said one large diameter section 14 . The tube axis direction of the tube body in which the large diameter portion 14 is formed is perpendicular to the tube axis direction of the tube body 3 in which the bay outer part 4a and the bay inner part 4b of the first through hole 4 are formed. That is, on the peripheral wall of the large-diameter portion 14 formed of a tube body arranged so that the tube axis is perpendicular to the direction from the outside of the bay to the inside, the outside portions 4a of the four through holes 4 parallel to the outside of the bay and Bay inner part 4 of four through holes 4 facing each other and parallel to the bay inner side
b is connected.

Each dissipating block (L
A), (IB), and (IC) are manufactured by covering the tube 3 formed into a predetermined shape with a formwork and pouring concrete between the tube 3 and the formwork.

The tube body 3 including the large diameter portion 14 constituting the through hole 4 can be divided into a plurality of parts as appropriate, and the tube bodies 3 of one divided part can be connected to each other using a union joint or the like. has been done.

FIG. 8 is a view showing the outside or inside side of the bay in a breakwater 5 having a configuration similar to that shown in FIG. 5. As shown in FIG. It is piled up with consideration. With such a stacked structure, the vertical stress transmitted to the lower wave-dissipating block 1 based on the weight of the upper wave-dissipating block 1 can be dispersed laterally, and the buoyant force received from waves can be reduced. You can get a large drag force even if you use it. Also, for each wave-dissipating block 1 stacked as described above.

As shown in FIG. 5, it is preferable to form a convex portion 20 and a concave portion 21 on each side surface so that adjacent wave-dissipating blocks 1 fit into each other, and can be firmly connected.

When waves advance from the outside 6 of the bay to the breakwater 5 shown in FIG. It passes through the small diameter part 18 of No. 2 and reaches the inner side of the bay 7. At this time, collisions with the inner surfaces of the small diameter portion 13 and the large diameter portion 14, and small diameter portion 1
Energy is absorbed and dissipated by the change in the passage cross-sectional area from 3 to the large diameter portion 14. Further, when propagating from the second small diameter portion 18 on the inside of the bay to the inside of the bay 7, the passage cross-sectional area increases and wave dissipation is performed. In this way, the waves form the through hole 4.
Since the waves are dissipated while passing through, it is possible to dissipate the waves while preventing the generation of wave splash. The second small diameter portion 18 on the inside of the bay acts in the same manner as the small diameter portion 13 on the outside of the bay with respect to waves returning from the inside of the bay 7 to the outside of the bay 6. As the waves pass through the through hole 4, water always flows inside the through hole 4, thereby preventing the occurrence of stagnation. Also the fifth
If the wave block 1 is tilted as illustrated in the figure, water flow can also be generated based on this tilt.

In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the inside part 4b of each through hole 4 has the same structure as the outside part 4a. 4b, the tubular body 3 of the large diameter portion 14 may be extended to the bay side end surface 16 of the block 2 and opened to the bay side 7 without forming the second small diameter portion 18.

In addition, the pipe body 3 can be formed thick in the radial direction and the axial direction at the opening ends of the suction port 12 and the discharge port 17, and by doing so, it is possible to prevent collisions with ships or floating objects on the water surface. However, sufficient strength can be maintained.

Furthermore, since a metal pipe body 3 is embedded in the block 2, the block 2 can be reinforced by this, but reinforcing bars can also be embedded in the block 2 if necessary. .

Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a wave absorbing and wave dissipating block that can effectively dissipate waves without generating wave splash and while ensuring water flow. Can be done.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view showing an embodiment of the wave absorbing and dissipating block according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line I-X in FIG. 1, and FIGS. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a breakwater constructed using the wave absorbing and dissipating blocks shown in FIG. shows a second embodiment of the wave block,
(a) is a cross-sectional view of the block as seen from the front, (b) is a cross-sectional view of the block along the line ■-■, and FIG. 7 shows a third embodiment of the wave absorbing and dissipating block according to the present invention. A sectional view seen from the front. (b) is a sectional view taken along the line ■-■, and FIG. 8 is a side view of the breakwater. 2...Block, 3...Pipe body, 4...Through hole, 5
... Breakwater (levee body), 6 ... Outside the bay, 7 ... Inside the bay, 12 ... Suction port, 13 ... Small diameter section, 14 ...
Large diameter part.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Inside a column-shaped concrete block that is arranged laterally from the outside of the bay to the inside of the bay and can be stacked in multiples to construct an embankment body, from the outside of the bay to the inside of the bay. A plurality of through holes are formed, and the through holes include a suction port on the outside of the bay, a small diameter portion formed on the inside of the bay and smaller in diameter than this suction port, and a small diameter portion formed on the inside of the bay than this small diameter portion. A wave absorbing wave dissipating block characterized in that the wave absorbing wave dissipating block has a large diameter portion having a larger diameter than the small diameter portion. 2. The wave absorbing and wave dissipating block according to claim 1, wherein each through hole has an individual large diameter portion. 3. The wave absorbing wave dissipating block according to claim 1, wherein all the through holes have a common large diameter portion.