JPS6310287B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6310287B2 JPS6310287B2 JP21591482A JP21591482A JPS6310287B2 JP S6310287 B2 JPS6310287 B2 JP S6310287B2 JP 21591482 A JP21591482 A JP 21591482A JP 21591482 A JP21591482 A JP 21591482A JP S6310287 B2 JPS6310287 B2 JP S6310287B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- exhaust
- power generation
- steam
- generation system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 26
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002006 petroleum coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
- F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
- F01K23/064—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle in combination with an industrial process, e.g. chemical, metallurgical
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は発電効率の高い燃料クラツキング複合
発電システムに関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a fuel cracking combined cycle system with high power generation efficiency.
近時、ガスタービンと、その排熱エネルギによ
り駆動される蒸気タービンとを組合せた複合発電
システムが、LNG気化ガス等のクリーン燃料の
有効利用を図り得る新らしい技術として注目され
ている。第１図はこの種のシステムの概略構成を
示す概略図である。燃焼器１は供給された燃料ａ
を、燃焼用空気ｂと共に燃焼し、その燃焼エネル
ギによりガスタービン発電系２を駆動している。
このガスタービン発電系２は、ガスタービン２ａ
と、そのタービン出力によつて駆動される発電機
２ｂおよび前記燃焼用空気ｂに対する空気圧縮器
２ｃを備えて構成され、発電出力を得ている。し
かして、ガスタービン発電系２の高温排ガスｃ
は、排熱ボイラ系３の排気管３ａを通して排出さ
れる。この排気管３ａ内にはボイラ蒸気に対する
給水予熱器３ｂおよび蒸気発生器３ｃが設けられ
ており、前記排ガスｃの熱エネルギを回収して蒸
気を発生させるように構成されている。そして、
この蒸気が蒸気タービン発電系４の蒸気タービン
４ａに供給され、発電機４ｂが駆動されてタービ
ン出力が得られるようになつている。尚、上記蒸
気タービン４ａを駆動した後の蒸気は復水器５に
供給され、冷却水ｄにより冷却液化されたのち冷
却水ポンプ６を介して前記給水予熱器３ｂに供給
され、さらに蒸気発生器３ｃにより加熱されて高
圧蒸気となる。 Recently, a combined power generation system that combines a gas turbine and a steam turbine driven by its exhaust heat energy has been attracting attention as a new technology that can effectively utilize clean fuels such as LNG vaporized gas. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the general configuration of this type of system. The combustor 1 is supplied with fuel a
is combusted together with the combustion air b, and the combustion energy drives the gas turbine power generation system 2 .
This gas turbine power generation system 2 includes a gas turbine 2a
, a generator 2b driven by the output of the turbine, and an air compressor 2c for the combustion air b, thereby obtaining a power generation output. Therefore, the high temperature exhaust gas c of the gas turbine power generation system 2
is discharged through the exhaust pipe 3a of the waste heat boiler system 3 . A feed water preheater 3b and a steam generator 3c for boiler steam are provided in the exhaust pipe 3a, and are configured to recover the thermal energy of the exhaust gas c to generate steam. and,
This steam is supplied to a steam turbine 4a of a steam turbine power generation system 4 , and a generator 4b is driven to obtain turbine output. The steam after driving the steam turbine 4a is supplied to the condenser 5, cooled and liquefied by the cooling water d, and then supplied to the feed water preheater 3b via the cooling water pump 6, and further to the steam generator. 3c and becomes high pressure steam.
ところで、上記システムは一般に燃料ａとして
LNG気化ガス、つまり主としてメタン（CH4）
を用いることを想定して開発されている。これに
対して最近では、メタノール（CH3OH）等の炭
素数の少ないアルコールを燃料ａとして用いるこ
とが試みられている。このメタノールは、天然ガ
ス、石灰、褐炭、亜炭、重質油、石油コークス、
木材等の多様な炭化水素質源を出発原料として製
造され、石油代替燃料として注目されている。こ
れは常温下では液体であり、ガソリン並みの性状
を示す。またその製造時に硫黄等の不純物が除去
された純度の高い含酸素炭化水素化合物であり、
所謂クリーン燃料として有用である。 By the way, the above system generally uses fuel a as
LNG vaporized gas, i.e. mainly methane (CH 4 )
It has been developed with the assumption that it will be used. On the other hand, recently, attempts have been made to use alcohols with a small number of carbon atoms, such as methanol (CH 3 OH), as fuel a. This methanol can be produced from natural gas, lime, brown coal, lignite, heavy oil, petroleum coke,
It is produced using various hydrocarbon sources such as wood as starting materials, and is attracting attention as an alternative fuel to petroleum. It is a liquid at room temperature and has properties similar to gasoline. It is also a highly pure oxygenated hydrocarbon compound from which impurities such as sulfur have been removed during its production.
It is useful as a so-called clean fuel.
しかしながら、メタン（CH4）の燃焼熱が高位
ベースで212.8Kcal／molであるのに対してメタ
ノール（CH3OH）のそれは182.6Kcal／molと低
い。そして単位燃焼熱当りの水蒸気生成比率が高
く、排ガスｃの放出時の損失熱量が多い等の問題
がある。このため、メタノールを燃料とした場
合、発電効率が低くなるという問題があつた。 However, while the heat of combustion of methane (CH 4 ) is 212.8 Kcal/mol on a high-level basis, that of methanol (CH 3 OH) is as low as 182.6 Kcal/mol. There are also problems such as a high steam generation ratio per unit combustion heat and a large amount of heat loss when exhaust gas c is released. For this reason, when methanol was used as fuel, there was a problem that the power generation efficiency was low.
ここで、発電効率を高める対策として、第２図
の如く排気管３ａ内における下流端部に燃料予熱
器７ａ、上流端部に燃料クラツキング反応器７ｂ
をそれぞれ配設し、燃料ａを上記燃料予熱器７ａ
および燃料クラツキング反応器７ｂを通して、燃
焼エネルギの高い二次燃料に変換して前記ガスタ
ービン１に供給することが考えられる。そしてこ
れは、既に本件出願人により出願されている（特
願昭57−164090号）。 Here, as a measure to increase the power generation efficiency, as shown in FIG.
are arranged respectively, and the fuel a is placed in the fuel preheater 7a.
It is conceivable that the secondary fuel is converted into a secondary fuel with high combustion energy and supplied to the gas turbine 1 through the fuel cracking reactor 7b. This patent application has already been filed by the applicant (Japanese Patent Application No. 164090/1982).
ところが、この第２図の構成には次の点に改良
の余地が残されていた。 However, the configuration shown in Figure 2 leaves room for improvement in the following points.
第１に、燃料クラツキング反応器７ｂが排気管
３ａ内における上流端部に配設されるため、それ
より下流に配設される蒸気発生器３ｃにおいては
加熱効果が十分に得られないこと。 First, since the fuel cracking reactor 7b is disposed at the upstream end of the exhaust pipe 3a, a sufficient heating effect cannot be obtained in the steam generator 3c disposed downstream thereof.
第２に、システム起動時には燃料クラツキング
反応器７ｂが作動温度以下であるため、別途に燃
料系統を設けておき、システム起動時にはその別
途に設けられた燃料系統を通して燃料供給が行な
われる。そして燃料クラツキング反応器７ｂが所
定温度に達したとき、この反応器７ｂを作動させ
て別途に設けられた燃料系統との切換を行なう必
要があるが、この燃料系統の切換完了時までは蒸
気発生器３ｃからの高圧蒸気の発生量が整定しな
いという問題がある。 Second, since the fuel cracking reactor 7b is below the operating temperature when the system is started, a separate fuel system is provided, and fuel is supplied through the separately provided fuel system when the system is started. When the fuel cracking reactor 7b reaches a predetermined temperature, it is necessary to operate this reactor 7b and switch to a separately provided fuel system, but until the switching of this fuel system is completed, steam will not be generated. There is a problem that the amount of high pressure steam generated from the vessel 3c is not stable.
第３に、燃料クラツキング反応器７ｂのトラブ
ル特に燃料漏洩の発生等があると、その影響が下
流側の蒸気発生器３ｃにも及び、２次被害が発生
するおそれもある。 Thirdly, if there is any trouble in the fuel cracking reactor 7b, especially fuel leakage, the influence will extend to the steam generator 3c on the downstream side, and there is a possibility that secondary damage will occur.
本発明はこのような事情を考慮してなされたも
ので、その目的は、ガスタービンと、このガスタ
ービンの排熱エネルギにより駆動される蒸気ター
ビンとを備えた複合発電システムにおいて、排気
分岐管内に燃料クラツキング反応器を配設し、上
記ガスタービンに供給する燃料を上記ガスタービ
ンの排熱エネルギを用いて化学的に反応させ、上
記燃料より燃焼エネルギの高い二次燃料に変換し
て前記ガスタービンに供給することにより、例え
ばメタノール等を燃料とする場合であつても高度
の発電効率が得られるようにすること、並びに蒸
気タービン系の蒸気発生器に対する加熱効果を低
下させず、システム起動時における蒸気発生器か
らの高圧蒸気の発生量を短時間で整定させること
ができ、万一、燃料クラツキング反応器にトラブ
ルが発生した場合でもその影響が蒸気発生器に及
ぶことのないようにすることにある。 The present invention has been made in consideration of these circumstances, and its purpose is to provide a combined power generation system that includes a gas turbine and a steam turbine driven by the exhaust heat energy of the gas turbine, in which a gas turbine is installed in an exhaust branch pipe. A fuel cracking reactor is provided to chemically react the fuel supplied to the gas turbine using exhaust heat energy of the gas turbine, converting it into a secondary fuel having higher combustion energy than the fuel, and converting the fuel to the gas turbine. By supplying the fuel to the steam generator, a high power generation efficiency can be obtained even when using methanol as a fuel, and the heating effect on the steam generator of the steam turbine system is not reduced, and the heating efficiency at the time of system startup is The amount of high-pressure steam generated from the steam generator can be stabilized in a short time, and even if trouble occurs in the fuel cracking reactor, it will not affect the steam generator. be.
以下、第３図に示す本発明システムの一実施例
につき説明する。 An embodiment of the system of the present invention shown in FIG. 3 will be described below.
第３図は燃料クラツキング複合発電システムの
概略構成を示すものである。尚、第１図、第２図
のシステムと同一の部分は同一符号を付してあ
る。 FIG. 3 shows a schematic configuration of the fuel cracking combined power generation system. Note that the same parts as in the systems of FIGS. 1 and 2 are given the same reference numerals.
このシステムの特徴とするところは、ガスター
ビン２ａの高温排ガスを流通させる排気本管（第
１図、第２図の排気管３ａと同一構成）３ａ内の
上流端部と下流端部との間を連結して排気分岐管
８ａを設け、排気本管３ａ内には第２図のシステ
ムと同様に、上流側より下流側に向つて蒸気発生
器３ｃ、給水予熱器３ｂおよび燃料予熱器７ａを
配設し、排気分岐管８ａ内には燃料クラツキング
反応器７ｂを配設した点にある。 The feature of this system is that between the upstream end and the downstream end in the exhaust main pipe 3a (same configuration as the exhaust pipe 3a in Figs. 1 and 2) through which high-temperature exhaust gas from the gas turbine 2a flows. A steam generator 3c, a water preheater 3b, and a fuel preheater 7a are installed in the exhaust main pipe 3a from the upstream side to the downstream side, similar to the system shown in FIG. A fuel cracking reactor 7b is disposed within the exhaust branch pipe 8a.
排気分岐管８ａの入口部と出口部にはそれぞれ
分岐ダクト入口ダンパ８ｂ、分岐ダクト出口ダン
パ８ｃが設けられ、排気分岐管８ａ内を分流する
排ガス流量を制御できる構成となつている。また
少なくとも前記蒸気発生器３ｃと給水予熱器３ｂ
とは排気本管３ａ内における前記入口ダンパ８ｂ
と出口ダンパ８ｃとの間の位置に配設されてい
る。 A branch duct inlet damper 8b and a branch duct outlet damper 8c are provided at the inlet and outlet portions of the exhaust branch pipe 8a, respectively, so that the flow rate of the exhaust gas branched within the exhaust branch pipe 8a can be controlled. Further, at least the steam generator 3c and the feed water preheater 3b
means the inlet damper 8b in the exhaust main pipe 3a.
and the outlet damper 8c.
そこで、前記ガスタービン２ａに供給される燃
料は、予め、排気本管３ａ内の燃料予熱器７ａに
より加熱され、さらに排気分岐管８ａ内の燃料気
化器７ｂにより、ガスタービン２ａからの高温排
ガスｃの熱エネルギを与えられて化学的に反応
（クラツキング反応）し、燃焼エネルギの高い二
次燃料に変換されることになる。 Therefore, the fuel supplied to the gas turbine 2a is heated in advance by a fuel preheater 7a in the exhaust main pipe 3a, and is further heated by the fuel vaporizer 7b in the exhaust branch pipe 8a to generate high-temperature exhaust gas c from the gas turbine 2a. Thermal energy is applied to the fuel, causing a chemical reaction (cracking reaction) and converting it into a secondary fuel with high combustion energy.
したがつて上記構成のシステムによれば、ガス
タービン２ａの排ガスｃの熱エネルギを蒸気発生
器３ｃおよび燃料クラツキング反応器７ｂの双方
に対して有効に与えることができ、これによつて
発電効率を高めることができる。 Therefore, according to the system configured as described above, the thermal energy of the exhaust gas c of the gas turbine 2a can be effectively provided to both the steam generator 3c and the fuel cracking reactor 7b, thereby increasing power generation efficiency. can be increased.
また、蒸気発生器３ｃは排気本管３ａ内に、燃
料クラツキング反応器７ｂは排気分岐管８ａ内に
配設されているので、燃料クラツキング反応器７
ｂが蒸気発生器３ｃの加熱効率を低下させること
はない。 Furthermore, since the steam generator 3c is disposed within the exhaust main pipe 3a and the fuel cracking reactor 7b is disposed within the exhaust branch pipe 8a, the fuel cracking reactor 7b is disposed within the exhaust main pipe 3a.
b does not reduce the heating efficiency of the steam generator 3c.
さらに、蒸気発生器３ｃと燃料クラツキング反
応器７ｃとが互いに影響し合うことはないので、
いずれか一方のみについて、性能、運転モード、
構造、配置等を自由に変更することができる。ま
た、システム起動時における蒸気発生器３ｃから
の高圧蒸気の発生量を短時間で整定させることが
でき、万一、燃料クラツキング反応器７ｂにトラ
ブルが発生した場合でもその影響が蒸気発生器３
ｃには及ばないので、２次被害の発生を防止する
ことができる。 Furthermore, since the steam generator 3c and the fuel cracking reactor 7c do not affect each other,
performance, driving mode,
The structure, arrangement, etc. can be changed freely. In addition, the amount of high-pressure steam generated from the steam generator 3c at the time of system startup can be stabilized in a short time, and even if trouble occurs in the fuel cracking reactor 7b, the influence of the problem will not be affected by the steam generator 3c.
Since the damage is not as bad as c, secondary damage can be prevented from occurring.
以上詳述したように、本発明によれば、高度の
発電効率が得られ、蒸気タービン系の蒸気発生器
に対する加熱効果を低下させず、システム起動時
における蒸気発生器からの高圧蒸気の発生量を短
時間で整定させることができ、万一、燃料クラツ
キング反応器にトラブルが発生した場合でもその
影響を蒸気発生器に及ぼすことなく、２次被害を
防止できる燃料クラツキング複合発電システムを
提供することができる。 As detailed above, according to the present invention, a high power generation efficiency is obtained, the heating effect on the steam generator of the steam turbine system is not reduced, and the amount of high-pressure steam generated from the steam generator at the time of system startup is To provide a fuel cracking combined power generation system that can stabilize the temperature in a short time and prevent secondary damage without affecting a steam generator even if trouble occurs in a fuel cracking reactor. Can be done.
第１図および第２図は本発明の背景技術を説明
するための概略構成図、第３図は本発明の一実施
例を示す概略構成図である。
２ａ……ガスタービン、２ｂ……発電機、３ａ
……排気本管、３ｂ……給水予熱器、３ｃ……蒸
気発生器、４ａ……蒸気タービン、４ｂ……発電
機、７ａ……燃料予熱器、７ｂ……燃料クラツキ
ング反応器、８ａ……排気分岐管。
1 and 2 are schematic configuration diagrams for explaining the background technology of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention. 2a... Gas turbine, 2b... Generator, 3a
...exhaust main pipe, 3b...feed water preheater, 3c...steam generator, 4a...steam turbine, 4b...generator, 7a...fuel preheater, 7b...fuel cracking reactor, 8a... Exhaust branch pipe.
Claims (1)
電系からの高温排ガスを流通させる排気本管と、
この排気本管の上流端部と下流端部との間を連結
して設けられた排気分岐管と、上記排気本管内に
おける上記排気分岐管入口と出口との間に配設さ
れた蒸気発生器と、この蒸気発生器より発生した
高圧蒸気により駆動される蒸気タービン発電系
と、上記排気分岐管内に配設され上記ガスタービ
ン発電系に供給される燃料を上記排気分岐管を流
通する排ガスの熱エネルギにより化学的に反応さ
せて燃焼エネルギの高い二次燃料に変換する燃料
クラツキング反応器とを具備したことを特徴とす
る燃料クラツキング複合発電システム。1. A gas turbine power generation system, an exhaust main pipe through which high-temperature exhaust gas from the gas turbine power generation system flows,
An exhaust branch pipe connected between the upstream end and the downstream end of the exhaust main pipe, and a steam generator disposed between the exhaust branch pipe inlet and outlet in the exhaust main pipe. , a steam turbine power generation system driven by high pressure steam generated from the steam generator, and a fuel disposed in the exhaust branch pipe to be supplied to the gas turbine power generation system by the heat of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust branch pipe. A fuel cracking combined power generation system characterized by comprising a fuel cracking reactor that chemically reacts with energy and converts it into a secondary fuel with high combustion energy.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21591482A JPS59105909A (en) | 1982-12-09 | 1982-12-09 | Compound electric power generating system by fuel cracking |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21591482A JPS59105909A (en) | 1982-12-09 | 1982-12-09 | Compound electric power generating system by fuel cracking |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59105909A JPS59105909A (en) | 1984-06-19 |
| JPS6310287B2 true JPS6310287B2 (en) | 1988-03-05 |
Family
ID=16680338
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21591482A Granted JPS59105909A (en) | 1982-12-09 | 1982-12-09 | Compound electric power generating system by fuel cracking |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59105909A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2706235B2 (en) * | 1986-05-01 | 1998-01-28 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Combined prime mover |
| EP1065347B1 (en) * | 1999-07-01 | 2007-03-07 | General Electric Company | Method for fuel gas moisturization and heating |
-
1982
- 1982-12-09 JP JP21591482A patent/JPS59105909A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS59105909A (en) | 1984-06-19 |
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