JPS6290372A - Spinning oil agent for polyester fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a spinning oil agent for polyester fibers that has good spinnability, and its purpose is to control the spinning oil agent for polyester fibers, which is affected by the temperature and humidity of the atmosphere during the spinning process. To provide a spinning oil agent which is insensitive to temperature and humidity, and which causes less rolling around on rollers during the spinning process and less generation of scum, especially in times of high humidity.

[Conventional technology and problems]

Conventional spinning oils for polyester fibers have been mainly composed of alkyl phosphate metal salts, and polyester fibers coated with these spinning oils mainly suffer from high humidity in the summer. It has drawbacks such as cylinder winding during the carding process and winding of each row 2 portion during the filament and spinning process due to the stickiness of the oil.

In addition, when the temperature and humidity are low in winter, the generation of static electricity increases, which increases the occurrence of cylinder wrapping, roller wrapping, etc., which tends to cause problems in the spinning process. One way to solve this problem is to use oils that are less affected by temperature and humidity, and it is hoped that oils that have low stickiness even under high temperature and high humidity conditions, especially in the summer, will be completed.

On the other hand, soap has been widely studied as a main component of spinning oil for polyester fibers and is known to have the following advantages.

(1) Equilibrium moisture absorption rate under high humidity is low, and roll-up due to stickiness is low.

(11) Less shedding and accumulation as scum during high humidity.

ω1) Has excellent smoothness.

Also, soap is industrially manufactured and easy to obtain, so
Practical application as a spinning oil agent for polyester fibers was desired, but JP-A-57-77373 and JP-A-57-12
Japanese Patent No. 8267 discloses a spinning oil agent whose main component is a soap having a saturated alkyl group having 12 to 18 carbon atoms. However, this spinning oil has the following drawbacks.

(a) It is easy to turn into a fine powder, and in particular, when a powder of a metal salt of a fatty acid having an alkyl group having 12 to 14 carbon atoms is absorbed, it causes irritation to the throat.

Furthermore, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-82574 discloses a spinning oil using a saturated fatty acid salt with a high chain length, but this spinning oil also has the following drawbacks and cannot be put to practical use. Currently, 0 (1)) Soaps having a saturated alkyl group having 14 to 22 carbon atoms lack focusing and antistatic properties.

(0) A soap having a saturated alkyl group having 12 to 22 carbon atoms has low solubility in water at room temperature and tends to precipitate crystals, making it difficult to form a stable aqueous solution and making it difficult to uniformly adhere to fibers.

[Means for solving problems]

Against this background, the inventors of the present invention have repeatedly investigated a spinning oil that is insensitive to temperature and humidity and has less roll-up even under high humidity conditions. , and (a) above, (1+)
, it has been shown that soaps that completely solve the drawbacks of (c), i.e., textile oils containing alkali metal salts, ammonium salts, or organic amine salts of specific unsaturated fatty acids, are very effective for the above purpose. Heading: The present invention has been completed.

That is, the present invention relates to a spinning oil agent for polyester fibers characterized by containing an alkali metal salt, ammonium salt, or organic amine salt of an unsaturated fatty acid having 20 to 24 carbon atoms.

The unsaturated fatty acid that can be used in the present invention is gadoleic acid (c
2oF1) + erucic acid (022F1), ceracoleic acid (C3), etc. Further, potassium salts and sodium salts are used as the alkali metal salts, and lower amine salts such as monoethanolamine, jetanolamine, and triethanolamine salts are used as the organic amine salts.

The unsaturated fatty acid soap of the present invention can be used in combination with conventional fatty acid soaps (having a saturated alkyl group having 12 to 22 carbon atoms), and the above drawbacks of conventional soaps (a)
) to (0) can be completely overcome. In this case, the blending ratio (weight ratio) of the former and the latter is 90/10 to 20/8
0 is preferred.

Conventionally, in order to improve these drawbacks, the above problems (a) to (Q) have been solved by adding a nonionic activator to the soap system, or adding a liquid fatty acid soap such as potassium oleate.
The results have been recognized.

However, these additives have a high moisture absorption rate, so 1. This tends to result in tackiness and increased roll-up, which tends to cancel out the advantages of soap.

Although the unsaturated fatty acid soap of the present invention is a liquid, it has a low moisture absorption rate and low adhesiveness, so it is possible to solve the above problems (a) to (Q) without increasing roller sticking. Ta. The unsaturated fatty acid soap of the present invention has excellent focusing and antistatic properties and shows good effects even when used alone, but if necessary, various additives such as antistatic components and focusing components, cationic activators, etc.
Amphoteric active agents, nonionic active agents, etc. can also be added.

The spinning oil of the present invention can be diluted with water to form an aqueous emulsion or an aqueous solution, and can be applied to polyester fibers by a dipping method, an oiling roller method, a spray method, or the like.

The amount of the spinning oil of the present invention attached to the polyester fiber is preferably 0.08 to 0.4% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 0.5% by weight.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As mentioned above, the spinning oil of the present invention contains an alkali metal salt, ammonium salt, or organic amine salt of an unsaturated fatty acid having 20 to 24 carbon atoms, and reduces roller clinging during high humidity in summer. It is possible to prevent scum from falling off and accumulating in the fiber passage area, and to reduce process troubles caused by this.

〔Example〕

Examples of the present invention will be described below along with comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Example 1 The present invention and comparative oils having the compositions shown in Table 1 were collected in a weighing bottle so that the active ingredient amount was approximately 1 ton, dried at 100±5°C for 2 hours, weighed, and then weighed at 25°C x 80°C. The sample was left until the temperature and humidity reached equilibrium at %RH, and the moisture absorption rate was determined from the increase in weight. In addition, the tackiness of the sample after equilibrium moisture absorption at 25° C. and 80% RH was determined by the ball tack method. The results are shown in Table-1.

In addition, for polyester staple (1.5 cL, 38 m), the oil agent of the present invention and comparison shown in Table 1 was added at 0.15
% spray oil, dried at 70° C., aged for one day under each measurement condition to reach an equilibrium moisture content, and then subjected to a spinning test according to the method described below. The results are shown in Table-1.

Method for measuring antistatic properties and card passing properties: Using a petri dish small-sized spinning tester, the test fibers were measured for card passing properties and web electrostatic voltage, and throat irritation with Tekine was also determined.

String test conditions: Spinning speed: 32 m/min Fiber amount: 42F was repeatedly threaded 10 times, and the total number of windings around the rubber roller was measured.

Table 1 shows that the oil agent containing the unsaturated fatty acid soap of the present invention has low tackiness under high humidity, correlates with less roller wrapping in the filament process, and has good spinnability. It is recognized that Oil agents mainly composed of saturated fatty acid soaps, such as Comparative Products F and G, have poor aqueous solution stability and are difficult to uniformly adhere to fibers. In addition, since saturated fatty acid soap alone lacks focusing and antistatic properties, nonionic surfactants, amphoteric active agents, etc. are added, but as a result, the oil agent becomes sticky under high humidity, causing roller winding. However, the inherent advantages of soap are canceled out (comparative products F and G).

In addition, in order to improve the stability of soap-based aqueous solutions, the purpose can be achieved by adding potassium oleate (comparative product 1).
! i) % Due to high tackiness, roller wrapping occurs very often in the filament process.

The unsaturated fatty acid soap having 20 to 24 carbon atoms according to the present invention has a longer alkyl chain than the conventional alkyl chain, so it has low hygroscopicity under high humidity and low adhesiveness, so it is difficult to roll around with a roller. A reduction can be expected.

In addition, in terms of stability in aqueous solution, since soap has unsaturated bonds, even soaps having 20 to 24 carbon atoms exhibit good stability in aqueous solution.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A spinning oil for polyester fibers, which contains an alkali metal salt, ammonium salt, or organic amine salt of an unsaturated fatty acid having 20 to 24 carbon atoms.