JPS62233317A - Foot-protecting mound for breakwater - Google Patents

Foot-protecting mound for breakwater

Info

Publication number
JPS62233317A
JPS62233317A JP7561086A JP7561086A JPS62233317A JP S62233317 A JPS62233317 A JP S62233317A JP 7561086 A JP7561086 A JP 7561086A JP 7561086 A JP7561086 A JP 7561086A JP S62233317 A JPS62233317 A JP S62233317A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
breakwater
mound
blocks
slope
waves
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP7561086A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH0475963B2 (en
Inventor
Sakazue Aoshima
青島 栄末
Masaru Suzuki
大 鈴木
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NIPPON KOOKEN KK
Original Assignee
NIPPON KOOKEN KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NIPPON KOOKEN KK filed Critical NIPPON KOOKEN KK
Priority to JP7561086A priority Critical patent/JPS62233317A/en
Publication of JPS62233317A publication Critical patent/JPS62233317A/en
Publication of JPH0475963B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0475963B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Abstract

PURPOSE:To construct a safe breakwater by a method in which blocks having a plurality of projections extended from both sides of its column body by biasing them positionally are coupled with each other to cover the base of a breakwater. CONSTITUTION:A plurality of side projections 2 and 5 are extended from both sides 3 and 4 of a column body 1 comprising as bottom face, an upper face, and sides 3 and 4. In the place where the projection 2 is extended from the side 3, the extension of the projection 5 from the side 4 is avoided by mutually coupling concrete blocks 15 to cover the slope. The scattering of the blocks by waves can thus be prevented. A breakwater of large angle of inclination can thus be constructed.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は防波堤の基部を保護するためのマウンド、特に
傾斜したマウンドを保護する防波堤の根固めマウンドに
関する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a mound for protecting the base of a breakwater, and in particular to a footing mound for a breakwater protecting a sloping mound.

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

従来、海岸や河川の波浪による浸蝕のはげしい部位にコ
ンクリート製の防波堤を築いてきたが、低水深部位では
強い砕波により、また高水深部位では重複波により防波
堤の基部先端が浸蝕され、これが次第に広がって、防波
堤の破壊に至る事故が多発している。
Traditionally, concrete breakwaters have been built in areas prone to erosion by waves on the coast and rivers, but the tip of the base of the breakwater is eroded by strong breaking waves at low water depths and by overlapping waves at high water depths, which gradually spreads. Accidents leading to the destruction of breakwaters are occurring frequently.

一般に防波堤の前面水深が波高の1/2以下では砕波と
して計算し、1/2以上では重複波として計算している
。重複波の実態解明は未だ不充分であるが、現実には打
ち寄せる波の一部が地盛土砂の下からの圧力となって、
傾斜面の被覆ブロックを飛散させている。堤体構築にあ
たって、岸壁を深くしてマウンドの傾斜を減少させても
、また岸壁は通常の高さとし原地盤より高いマウンドを
長く築いても防波堤構築の費用は嵩むことになる。
Generally, when the water depth in front of the breakwater is less than 1/2 of the wave height, it is calculated as a breaking wave, and when it is more than 1/2, it is calculated as a duplicate wave. Although the actual situation of overlapping waves is still insufficiently understood, in reality, some of the waves that hit the ground create pressure from below the earth and sand.
Covering blocks on the slope are scattered. When constructing a breakwater, the cost of constructing a breakwater will increase even if the slope of the mound is reduced by deepening the wall, or even if the wall is kept at the normal height and the mound is built longer than the original ground.

したがって、通常の岸壁を築き原地盤の傾斜に合わせて
マウンドを被覆することが好ましい。
Therefore, it is preferable to build a normal quay and cover the mound according to the slope of the original ground.

この場合、当然に原地盤の傾斜に合わせ傾斜面をコンク
リートブロックで被覆することになるが、急傾斜の場合
は上記重複波に起因するマウンド内の揚圧力によるコン
クリートブロックの飛散が著しい。
In this case, the slope is naturally covered with concrete blocks in accordance with the slope of the original ground, but in the case of a steep slope, the concrete blocks are significantly scattered due to the uplift force within the mound caused by the overlapping waves.

〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

そこで、防波堤の根固めマウンドとして重複波により飛
散しないばかりでなく、急傾斜に構築することができる
被覆用マウンド工法が防波堤の安全性、経済性の両面か
ら望まれていた。
Therefore, there has been a need for a covering mound construction method that not only prevents the mound from being blown away by overlapping waves but also allows it to be constructed on a steep slope, from both the safety and economical standpoints of the breakwater.

〔問題解決の手段〕[Means of problem solving]

本発明は上記問題解決のため、重複波の性質を研究して
完成したものであって、その構成は、防波堤の基部保護
用のマウンドにおいて、底面と上面と両側面とからなる
柱体の側面から複数の側部突起が延出し、柱体の第1の
側面から側部突起が延出している部位には、第2の側面
には側部突起が延出しない関係にあるコンクリートブロ
ックを、隣接するコンクリートブロックの側部突起が延
出していない側面部位に側部突起を嵌入させて1項斜面
を被覆することを特徴とする。
In order to solve the above problem, the present invention was completed by researching the properties of overlapping waves.The present invention consists of a pillar body consisting of a bottom surface, a top surface and both side surfaces in a mound for protecting the base of a breakwater. A plurality of side protrusions extend from the column body, and a concrete block is placed in a position where the side protrusions extend from the first side surface of the column, and the side protrusions do not extend from the second side surface. It is characterized in that the side protrusions are fitted into the side parts of adjacent concrete blocks from which the side protrusions do not extend to cover the section 1 slope.

本発明に係るコンクリートブロックは長い柱体を有する
。この柱体は1本づつ並列に並べて傾斜面全体を覆うこ
とが好ましいが、場合によっては傾斜面の長さの1/2
又は1/3のものを強固につなげて被覆することもでき
る。この柱体は両側面から側部突起が交互に延出してい
る。すなわち、一方の側面から側部突起が延出している
部位では他方の側面からは何も延出していない関係にあ
る。
The concrete block according to the invention has a long column. It is preferable to arrange these pillars one by one in parallel to cover the entire slope, but in some cases, 1/2 of the length of the slope
Alternatively, 1/3 of them can be tightly connected and covered. This column has side protrusions extending alternately from both sides. That is, in a region where a side protrusion extends from one side, nothing extends from the other side.

側部突起の数は両側面合わせて3本以上、好ましくは5
本ないし7本である。したがって、このブロックを用い
て傾斜面を被覆する場合は側部突起が隣のブロックの何
も延出していない側面に挿入されるように配設できるよ
うに側部突起の太さと間隔が調整されているものであれ
ばよい。
The number of side protrusions is 3 or more in total on both sides, preferably 5.
There are 7 books. Therefore, when using this block to cover a sloped surface, the thickness and spacing of the side protrusions should be adjusted so that the side protrusions can be inserted into the side surfaces of the adjacent block where nothing extends. It is fine as long as it is suitable.

更に、柱体、好ましくはその中央部に、底面から上面に
至る貫通孔が穿設されていることが好ましい。近時、コ
ンクリートブロックが益々大型化するため、重複波に起
因する揚圧力が増大し、柱体と柱体との間隙からの圧力
水の排出のみでは不充分な場合に有効である。下面の孔
面積が上面の孔面積より大きいと下面からの圧力水の排
出が一層円滑になり、耐久性が向上する。
Furthermore, it is preferable that a through hole extending from the bottom surface to the top surface is bored in the column, preferably in the center thereof. In recent years, as concrete blocks have become larger and larger, uplift pressure due to overlapping waves has increased, and this method is effective in cases where it is insufficient to discharge pressurized water from the gaps between the columns. If the pore area on the bottom surface is larger than the pore area on the top surface, pressure water can be discharged from the bottom surface more smoothly, improving durability.

また、このブロックを地盤上や砕石上に配列するとき、
より安定に施工するため、側部突起の裏面又は柱体の裏
面にわたって沓を設け、この沓を砕石や地盤上に埋設す
ることが好ましい。更に場合によっては、このようなコ
ンクリートブロックを2段以上積上げることも好ましい
Also, when arranging these blocks on the ground or crushed stone,
For more stable construction, it is preferable to provide a shoe over the back surface of the side protrusion or the back surface of the column, and to bury this shoe in crushed stone or the ground. Further, in some cases, it is preferable to stack such concrete blocks in two or more stages.

〔作用〕[Effect]

本発明は長い柱体を使用し、好ましくは傾斜面を1本の
コンクリートブロックを並列して被覆するため、勢い1
本の重量が大きくなり飛散しがたい。しかも、本発明の
コンクリートブロックは両側面から交互に側部突起が延
出しているため、第1のブロックの一方の側面の側部突
起が延出していない部分に隣のブロックの側部突起をJ
i1人すれば、隣同士のブロックの側部突起と側部突起
とが第1図に示すように絡み合い、傾斜面全体が上下左
右に一体となったような効果があり、急傾斜にしても重
複波に起因する揚圧力による被覆ブロックの飛散を防止
することができる。更に、本発明ブロックの柱体に貫通
孔を穿設することによりブロックとブロックとの間隙の
みならず、柱体からもマウンド下面からの水を排出し、
圧力を低下させる作用を有する。
The present invention uses a long column and preferably covers an inclined surface with one concrete block in parallel, so the force is 1.
The weight of the book increases, making it difficult to scatter. Moreover, since the concrete block of the present invention has side protrusions extending alternately from both sides, the side protrusions of the adjacent block can be placed in the portion of one side of the first block where the side protrusions do not extend. J
iIf one person does this, the side protrusions of adjacent blocks will intertwine as shown in Figure 1, creating the effect that the entire slope is integrated in the vertical and horizontal directions, even if the slope is steep. It is possible to prevent the covering blocks from scattering due to uplift force caused by overlapping waves. Furthermore, by drilling through holes in the columns of the blocks of the present invention, water from the lower surface of the mound can be drained not only from the gaps between the blocks but also from the columns.
It has the effect of reducing pressure.

〔実施例〕〔Example〕

第1図は本発明に係るコンクリートブロックの1実施例
の組合せた状態を、法面と直角方向から見た組合せ図、
第2図はこのブロックを下方から見た斜視図である。■
は柱体、2は第1の側面3から延出させた側部突起であ
り、同じく第2の側面4から側部突起5が延出している
。第1図は理解しやすいようにブロックとブロックとの
間隔を広げて示したが、側部突起2の先端は隣接するブ
ロックの側部突起が延出していない側面4に接触するか
或いは接近する。このような状態でもブロックとブロッ
クとの間隔からコンクリートブロック下の圧力水が排出
できるが、貫通孔6、特に下面の径が上面の径より大き
い貫通孔を設けると圧力水の排出が一層円滑に行われる
。第2図の7は沓であり、本実施例では側部突起の裏面
に設けたが、設けるべき部位は柱体1の裏面であれば特
に限定はない。貫通孔6は、裏面では大きな径であるが
、上面の径は第1図に示すようにより小さくした。
FIG. 1 is an assembled view of one embodiment of the concrete blocks according to the present invention, viewed from a direction perpendicular to the slope;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of this block seen from below. ■
2 is a columnar body, 2 is a side projection extending from the first side surface 3, and similarly, a side projection 5 is extended from the second side surface 4. In Fig. 1, the distance between the blocks is widened for easy understanding, but the tips of the side protrusions 2 touch or approach the side faces 4 from which the side protrusions of adjacent blocks do not extend. . Even in this state, the pressure water under the concrete block can be discharged from the space between the blocks, but if the through hole 6, especially the diameter of the lower surface is larger than the diameter of the upper surface, is provided, the pressure water can be discharged even more smoothly. It will be done. Reference numeral 7 in FIG. 2 denotes a shoe, which is provided on the back surface of the side protrusion in this embodiment, but there is no particular limitation on the location where it should be provided as long as it is on the back surface of the column 1. The through hole 6 has a large diameter on the back surface, but the diameter on the top surface is made smaller as shown in FIG.

第3図は本発明防波堤の根固めマウンドを、日本海側海
岸に施工した水深15m以上の防波堤用根固めマウンド
の1実施例を示す断面説明図である。図面中、破線で示
す部分は最大波長の1/4地点である。最大波長とは、
各港湾において、継続的に波長や波高を測定して統計的
に得られた最大波長及び波高の平均値であり、堤体破損
の原因となり、その近辺の防波堤を構築する場合の強度
計算の基礎となるものである。従来の実験及び経験によ
れば、高水深部位、特に深さ15m以上のマウンドにお
いては最大波長の1/4波長の部位が最も洗堀の激しい
部位であることが判明している。
FIG. 3 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a foot protection mound for a breakwater of the present invention constructed on the coast on the Sea of Japan side for a breakwater with a water depth of 15 m or more. In the drawing, the part indicated by the broken line is a quarter point of the maximum wavelength. What is the maximum wavelength?
This is the average value of the maximum wavelength and wave height statistically obtained by continuously measuring the wavelength and wave height in each port, and it is the basis for strength calculation when constructing a breakwater in the vicinity of the breakwater. This is the result. According to conventional experiments and experience, it has been found that in high water depth areas, especially in mounds with a depth of 15 m or more, the area at 1/4 wavelength of the maximum wavelength is the area where the most severe scour occurs.

11は防波堤であり、12は水面、13は砕石である。11 is a breakwater, 12 is a water surface, and 13 is crushed stone.

防波堤基部の前面には大型の重量ブロック14を敷設し
た。本実施例においては上面に水平方向の突起を有する
コンクリートブロックを用いたが、長方形のもの、上向
きの突起を有するものなど重いコンクリートブロックで
あればよい。15は本発明に係るコンクリートブロック
であり、6は貫通孔、7は沓である。このブロックを用
いた根固め部分は勾配をl:2としたが更に1:L、5
程度の急勾配にすることも可能である。16は本発明に
係るコンクリートブロック15がずり落ちるのを防止す
るための根止めブロックである。この根止めブロック1
6に隣接して法枠17を埋設した。本実tJfE例では
法枠17は底面及び側面に横桟のある角型のものを用い
内部に砕石を充填した。この法枠17の位置は最大波長
の1/4地点の防波堤制約2/3であった。法枠17の
前面には更に砕石を敷設し、最大波長の1/4地点より
前面はそのままの地盤上とした。すなわち、第3図中、
2点鎖線で示す部分が最初の地盤である。
A large heavy block 14 was laid in front of the base of the breakwater. In this embodiment, a concrete block having a horizontal protrusion on the upper surface was used, but any heavy concrete block such as a rectangular one or one having an upward protrusion may be used. 15 is a concrete block according to the present invention, 6 is a through hole, and 7 is a shoe. The slope of the foot hardening part using this block was set to 1:2, but in addition, the slope was set to 1:L, 5
It is also possible to make the slope relatively steep. 16 is a root block for preventing the concrete block 15 according to the present invention from sliding down. This root block 1
A legal frame 17 was buried adjacent to 6. In this actual tJfE example, the legal frame 17 was a square type with horizontal bars on the bottom and sides, and the inside was filled with crushed stone. The position of this legal frame 17 was 2/3 of the breakwater constraint at 1/4 point of the maximum wavelength. Crushed stone was further laid in front of the legal frame 17, and the area in front of the 1/4 point of the maximum wavelength remained on the same ground. That is, in Figure 3,
The part indicated by the two-dot chain line is the first ground.

法枠とは、木製の枠内に石材を投入し、河川等の治水に
古来から使用されていたもである。本実施例ではこの法
枠を使用したが、従来のような木製のものであってもよ
いが、コンクリートを用い、すべての部材を平板状に打
設した後、組立てたものが好ましい。
A legal frame is a wooden frame with stones placed inside it, and has been used since ancient times for flood control in rivers and other areas. Although this method frame was used in this embodiment, it may be made of wood like the conventional one, but it is preferable to use concrete and assemble it after all the members are cast into a flat plate.

1年後、本発明根固めマウンドはコンクリートブロック
が飛散せずに施工時のままの形状を維持した。更に、1
/4地点と法枠17との間が深く洗掘されたが、本実施
例によれば法枠の効果により、1/4地点の更に前方に
洗掘上と返し波で飛散した砕石と地盤上が一体化し、一
体化した地盤1゜を形成した。したがってこの一体化し
た地盤10により返し波も洗掘力を喪失し、第3図の実
線で示すような地形となって平衡に達した。一方、従来
の異形ブロックで被覆した法面は1:3の緩勾配である
にもかかわらず、水圧によるブロックの飛散が観察され
た。
After one year, the concrete blocks of the foot protection mound of the present invention did not scatter and maintained the same shape as when it was constructed. Furthermore, 1
Deep scouring occurred between the /4 point and the slope 17, but according to this example, due to the effect of the slope, crushed stones and ground scattered by the scouring and returning waves were further ahead of the 1/4 point. The upper part was integrated, forming a unified ground of 1°. Therefore, due to this integrated ground 10, the returning waves also lost their scouring power, and the topography reached equilibrium as shown by the solid line in FIG. 3. On the other hand, although the slope covered with the conventional irregularly shaped blocks had a gentle slope of 1:3, scattering of the blocks due to water pressure was observed.

〔効果〕〔effect〕

本発明防波堤の根固めマウンドは、日本海側のような急
激な波が回数多く打ち寄せる海岸や港湾の垂直防波堤の
マウンドに使用して特に効果があり、防波堤の基部やマ
ウンドを効果的に被覆することができるため、コンクリ
ートブロックの重複波による飛散が防止され、特に傾斜
面にあっては傾斜角を高めることができ、安全な防波堤
を経済的に構築することができる。
The breakwater footing mound of the present invention is particularly effective when used for mounds of vertical breakwaters on coasts and ports where rapid waves often crash, such as those on the Sea of Japan side, and effectively covers the base and mounds of breakwaters. This prevents the concrete blocks from being blown away by overlapping waves, and the angle of inclination can be increased, especially on sloped surfaces, making it possible to economically construct a safe breakwater.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

図面は本発明の実施例を示し、第1図は法面から見た根
固めマウンドの組合せ図、第2図はコンクリートブロッ
クの下から見た斜視図、第3図は根固めマウンドの断面
図である。 図面中、符号 1は柱体、2.5は側部突起、3.4は側面6は貫通孔
、7は沓、11は防波堤、12は水面、13は砕石、1
4は重量プロ・ツク、 15はコンクリートブロック、16は根止めブロック、
17は法枠、18は一体化した地盤である。
The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 is an assembled view of the foot protection mound seen from the slope, Figure 2 is a perspective view seen from below the concrete block, and Figure 3 is a sectional view of the foot protection mound. It is. In the drawing, 1 is a column, 2.5 is a side protrusion, 3.4 is a side surface 6 is a through hole, 7 is a shoe, 11 is a breakwater, 12 is a water surface, 13 is crushed stone, 1
4 is heavy weight pro tsuku, 15 is concrete block, 16 is root block,
17 is the legal framework, and 18 is the integrated ground.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 防波堤の基部保護用のマウンドにおいて、底面と上面と
両側面とからなる柱体の側面から複数の側部突起が延出
し、柱体の第1の側面から側部突起が延出している部位
には、第2の側面には側部突起が延出しない関係にある
コンクリートブロックを、隣接するコンクリートブロッ
クの側部突起が延出していない側面部位に側部突起を嵌
入させて傾斜面を被覆してなる防波堤の根固めマウンド
In a mound for protecting the base of a breakwater, a plurality of side protrusions extend from the side surface of a column consisting of a bottom surface, a top surface, and both side surfaces, and a plurality of side protrusions extend from the first side surface of the column body. In this method, a concrete block whose side protrusion does not extend from the second side surface is inserted into the side part of the adjacent concrete block from which the side protrusion does not extend to cover the inclined surface. A hardening mound for the breakwater.
JP7561086A 1986-04-03 1986-04-03 Foot-protecting mound for breakwater Granted JPS62233317A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP7561086A JPS62233317A (en) 1986-04-03 1986-04-03 Foot-protecting mound for breakwater

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP7561086A JPS62233317A (en) 1986-04-03 1986-04-03 Foot-protecting mound for breakwater

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS62233317A true JPS62233317A (en) 1987-10-13
JPH0475963B2 JPH0475963B2 (en) 1992-12-02

Family

ID=13581149

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP7561086A Granted JPS62233317A (en) 1986-04-03 1986-04-03 Foot-protecting mound for breakwater

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS62233317A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100817106B1 (en) * 2006-04-03 2008-03-26 원 회 양 Rebuilding method of breakwater and the breakwater thereof

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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