JPS62215149A - Driving mechanism of transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate the sliding of an output shaft by holding a bevel gear for normal and reverse rotation with a solid output shaft and providing a shift mechanism separately from said output shaft in a driving device for normally and reversely rotating the rotor of an agricultural machine. CONSTITUTION:The rotation of a bevel pinion 10 which is rotated by the driving force of the power take off (P.T.O.) shaft of a tractor is transmitted to right and left bevel gears 11a, 11b. The rotation of the bevel gears 11a, 11b is transmitted to an output shaft via the shifter 13 on the meshed side of shifters 13 installed on the outside ends of the bevel gears 11a, 11b. And, the rotation of the bevel gear 11b is transmitted to the output shaft 12 via the right side shifter 13. The sliding of the shifter 13 in the right and left directions is carried out by shift forks 16 which are interlockedly moved accompanying the slide in the right and left directions of a fork shaft 17. Thus, the rotation transmitted to the output shaft 12 is transmitted to a rotor via a sprocket 14 and a chain 5 to normally rotate the rotor.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a drive mechanism for a transmission mounted on a vehicle or the like.

[Prior art]

Hereinafter, the drive mechanism of a conventional transmission mounted on a vehicle will be explained using a mechanism that causes forward and reverse rotation (down cut, amplifier cut) of a tilling section of an agricultural machine, such as a rotary.

[-Example]

In order to switch between forward and reverse rotation, an input bevel pinion and a pair of bevel gears that mesh with the bevel pinion from both left and right sides are rotatably disposed inside the gear case, and between these bevel gears A forward/reverse switching device is adopted in which a slideable shifter is arranged and the power of the input bevel pinion is switched and transmitted to the transmission shaft by selecting either of the left and right bevel gears by sliding the shifter. There is something I did.

In the forward/reverse switching device of such a structure, that is, the drive mechanism of the transmission, a shifter for selecting the left and right bevel gears is arranged between a pair of bevel gears.
The attachment of both bevel gears to the transmission shaft was unstable, and as a result, backlash was likely to occur, resulting in noise, and the shaft vibration of the bevel gears made it difficult to fit and remove the shifter.

Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, measures such as supporting the bell gear on both sides in the axial direction have been taken, but such measures result in a complicated structure and complicated assembly, and furthermore, the shifter There were problems such as having to make it special. Furthermore, in a so-called center drive type rotary wheel, a sprocket or the like must be placed in the center, and this configuration is difficult to implement because the shifter is located in the center.

[Second side]

In order to switch the forward/reverse rotary between forward and reverse, bevel gears for forward/reverse rotation meshed with helving unions are fitted externally on the left and right sides of a horizontal cylinder shaft of a single piece of wood so that they can rotate relative to each other, and The winding that is wound around the tiller shaft between the beher gears is such that a transmission wheel body (sprocket) for running a transmission gear (chain) is rotatably attached to the tiller gear, and a transmission wheel body (sprocket) for running a transmission gear (chain) is rotatably attached to the tiller gear. A forward/reverse switching member (rotating shaft) equipped with a meshing portion that meshes with the cylindrical shaft is fitted therein so as to be able to integrally rotate and slide freely, and by sliding the forward/reverse switching member, both bevel gears are selectively moved relative to the horizontal cylinder shaft. There is also a transmission drive mechanism configured to be integrally linked, but in such a configuration, a forward/reverse switching member is fitted inside the horizontal cylinder shaft, and the forward/reverse switching member is slid from side to side (thrust direction). By operating it, the left and right bevel gears fitted onto the horizontal cylinder shaft are selectively selected, and the rotation of the bevel gears is finally transmitted to the transmission wheel body attached to the horizontal cylinder shaft. Because the load of the transmission device is large on the horizontal cylinder shaft and the windings on the reverse rotation switching member, it is not possible to easily slide the forward/reverse rotation switching member when switching between forward and reverse rotations, and furthermore, sliding in the thrust direction is applied. There were also problems in that the forward/reverse switching member suffered damage due to wear, and the structure was complicated due to the large number of parts, making it difficult to assemble.

[Second side]

A drive pinion, a forward bevel gear and a reverse bevel gear that mesh with the pinion at the same time are arranged in a U-shape inside the gear case, and a hub protrudes from the back of each of the forward and reverse bevel gears, and the outer periphery of the hub is a bearing. A cylindrical shaft is supported by the gear case through the cylindrical shaft, and is supported by both bevel gears through bearings so as to be relatively rotatable. A spline is provided on the outer periphery of both ends of the cylinder shaft, and a spline is provided on the inner surface of each hub of both bevel gears, and a radial gap is provided between the cylinder shaft spline and the hub spline, and a spline is provided in each of the gaps. Sleeves are fitted so as to be freely movable in the axial direction, and the inner surface of each sleeve is provided with a spline that constantly engages with the cylindrical shaft spline, and the outer surface of the sleeve is provided with a hub provided on the inner surface of the hub of both bevel gears by the axial movement of the sleeve. A spline is provided that engages with the spline in a detachable manner, and the axial position where the hub spline and the cylindrical shaft spline simultaneously engage via the sleeve spline approximately corresponds to the support position of the hair ring fitted around the outer periphery of the hub. In addition, when one of the sleeves at both ends of the cylinder shaft fully engages with the hub spline, the other completely disengages from the hub spline, and in the middle of axial movement, both sleeves engage with both hub splines. In order to maintain a simultaneous meshing relationship, there is also a transmission drive mechanism in which a connecting rod is slidably inserted into the cylinder shaft and interlocked in a relatively rotatable manner; ), which ultimately transmits the driving force to the cylinder shaft, has a hollow cylindrical shaft structure as described above, so it is weak in strength, and it is difficult to hold both bevel gears attached to the cylindrical shaft with respect to the cylindrical shaft. is composed only of bearings interposed between hubs formed inside both bevel gears, so the bevel gear on the side where the sleeve is not engaged is held in a very unstable state.
Therefore, "backlash" is likely to occur in both bevel gears, causing forward rotation and
There was a problem in that it was difficult to insert and remove the left and right sleeves when reversing.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

As detailed above in [-example], [two sides], and [monarchy], in the type where the shifter that should select the hevel gear is placed between the hevel gears, the attachment of both hevel gears to the transmission shaft is unstable. Yes, so "
"Backlash" is likely to occur, which causes noise, and it is difficult to engage and disengage the shifter due to shaft vibration of the hevel gear, etc. Also, the forward/reverse switching member is fitted inside the horizontal cylindrical shaft, and the forward/reverse switching member By sliding left and right, the left and right hevel gears fitted onto the horizontal cylinder shaft are selectively selected, and the rotation of both bevel gears is finally transmitted to the transmission wheel (sprocket) attached to the horizontal cylinder shaft. In the case of the forward/reverse switching member, the horizontal cylinder shaft and the windings are subjected to a large load from the transmission, so it is not possible to easily slide the forward/reverse switching member during forward/reverse switching.・Excessive wear was seen on the forward/reverse switching member due to movement in the direction.
In addition, the structure is complicated due to the large number of parts, and it is difficult to assemble.Furthermore, the output shaft that transmits the driving force to the transmission body (sprocket) has a cylindrical shaft configuration, and it is difficult to assemble the shaft. In the type where the bell gear is held by a hair ring interposed between the inner hubs of both bell gears, the strength of the cylindrical shaft that serves as the output shaft is very weak.
Moreover, the holding of the bevel gear on the side where the sleeve is not engaged is extremely unstable. Therefore, there were various problems such as "play" easily occurring in both bell gears (and difficulty in engaging and disengaging the left and right sleeves during forward and reverse rotations).

[Means and operations for solving the problems] In order to solve the above-mentioned various problems, the present invention includes a pair of bevel gears that are rotated in the normal and reverse directions by a hevel pinion, which are held by a solid output shaft, and in which the output shaft is A shifter that meshes with the bell gear is installed on the left and right sides of the shaft, and the shifter selects forward or reverse rotation of both beher gears,
This is intended to transmit the forward and reverse rotational motion of the bevel gear to the output shaft, and its specific configuration is P and T.

A bevel pinion connected to the zero shaft, a pair of bevel gears meshed on the left and right sides of the hevel pinion, a solid output shaft provided through both hevel gears, and a solid output shaft that rotates integrally with the output shaft and rotates in the axial direction. a pair of shifters that are slidable and mesh with either of the pair of bevel gears by sliding; a pair of shift forks that abut each of the shifters and cause each shifter to slide left and right; It consists of a fork shaft that moves the output shaft, and an output take-out means that is rotatably attached to the output shaft. To provide a transmission drive mechanism which can increase the strength, reduce the number of parts by simplifying the configuration, speed up assembly work, and smoothly switch between forward and reverse rotation.

[First example]

FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 are explanatory diagrams showing a first embodiment of a transmission drive mechanism according to the present invention.

FIG. 1 shows an overall outline of a tractor equipped with a transmission drive mechanism according to the present invention.

In the figure, 1 is a tractor, and 2 is a rotary for tilling.

3 is P that is seen from the tractor 1.

It is a mission that is connected to the T and O shafts and driven.
This mission 3 causes the rotary 2 to rotate forward (
(Rotation in the same direction as the tractor wheels in direction A), rotation in the opposite direction,
(Rotation in the opposite direction to the tractor wheels in direction B shown in the figure). Reference numeral 5 denotes a transmission means (output extraction means) for transmitting the forward and reverse rotational motion of the mission 3 to the rotating shaft of the rotary 2, and in this embodiment, a chain is used.

Hereinafter, the drive mechanism of the mission 3 will be explained in detail with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.

In the figure, reference numeral 10 denotes a hevel pinion connected to the P, T, and O shafts 4, and a pair of bevel gears 11a and Ilb are provided on the left and right sides of the heel pinion 10 in mesh with each other. Both bevel gears 11a and llb are rotatably mounted on a solid output shaft 12, and the output shaft 1 rotates in forward and reverse directions of both bevel gears 11a and llb.
2, the shifters 13 and 13 mounted on the left and right sides of the output shaft 12 transmit the transmission to both the beher gears 11a and 11.
This is done by meshing with b. The left and right shifters 13.13 and the output shaft 12 are spline-coupled 12a, and both shifters 13.13 are slidable in the axial direction.The output shaft 12 has a large diameter in the center as shown in the figure. A sprocket 14 for extracting the rotational motion of the output shaft 12 is attached to this large diameter portion so as to be able to rotate integrally with the output shaft 12, and the sprocket 14 is provided with a sprocket 14 for applying a predetermined rotational motion to the rotary 2 described above. A chain 5 for transmission is wound around. Further, on the left and right sides of the large diameter portion of the output shaft 12, the aforementioned hevel gears 11a, ll
b is shaft-mounted with pole bearings 15, 15 interposed therebetween. Further, a protruding hub lid is formed on the edge of the shaft insertion hole 11c of both beher gals Ila and Ilb, and splines 13a and 13a formed on the outer periphery of the shifter 13 and 13 are formed on the inner wall of the outer end of this hub lid. A spline 11e that engages is formed.

Further, the shifters 13.13 are slid in the left-right direction by shift forks 16.16 (see FIG. 2) that are brought into contact with the respective shifters 13.13. Both the shift forks 16, 16 are connected to and interlocked with a fork shaft 17 that is slid left and right by an operation lever (not shown). Reference numeral 18 denotes a click pawl that restricts the amount of movement of the fork shaft 17 in the left-right direction.

The functions and effects will be explained below.

The rotational motion of the bevel union 10, which rotates in response to the rotational motion of the P, T, and O shafts 4 facing from the tractor 1, is transmitted to the left and right hevel gears 11a and llb. In this case, the rotation of the hevel gears 11a and Ilb is such that, for example, one bevel gear 11a rotates clockwise and the other bevel gear 11b rotates counterclockwise.

Therefore, the respective rotational movements of the bevel gears 11a and llb are caused by the meshing of the shifters 13.1.3 attached to the outer ends of the bevel gears 11a and llb (formed on the hub lids and lids of the bevel gears 11a and llb). Either one of the splines 13a, 13a formed on both the shifters 13 and 13 is transmitted to the output shaft 12 via the shifter 13 (spline connection). In this embodiment, as shown in the figure, the rotation of the bevel gear 11b is controlled by the output shaft 12 through the right shifter 13.
has been communicated to. Incidentally, in this case, the shifter 13.13 is slid in the left-right direction by a shift fork 16.16 that is interlocked with the left-right slide of the fork shaft 17.

As described above, the rotational motion transmitted to the output shaft 12 (this rotational motion is referred to as forward rotation) is transmitted to the rotor 2 through the sprocket 14 attached to the center of the output shaft 12 and the chain 5 wound around this sprocket 14. The signal is transmitted to the rotating shaft and rotates the rotary 2 in the forward direction.

Incidentally, when the rotary 2 is rotated in the opposite direction, this is done by meshing the left shifter 13 with the bevel gear 11a. Since the transmission movement in this case is completely opposite to that in the case of forward rotation described above, a detailed explanation thereof will be omitted.

According to the above configuration, the output shaft is made solid, and the sliding of the output shaft in the thrust direction is eliminated, which increases the strength against loads.The configuration can be simplified, and the number of parts can be reduced. This speeds up assembly work, and allows smooth switching between forward and reverse rotation.

[Second example]

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a second embodiment of the transmission drive mechanism according to the present invention.

The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the shifter and the output shaft 12 mesh with the bevel gears 11a and Ilb arranged on the left and right sides, and the space between the bevel gears 11a and Ilb,
This is a structure with a pole bearing interposed between the two.

That is, the meshing between the shifter 13.13 and the hevel gears 11a and llb in the first embodiment is as follows.
Spline 1 formed on the inner wall of the outer end of the hub lid of 11b
1e and splines 13a, 13a formed on the outer peripheries of both the shifters 13.13, but in this second embodiment, contrary to the case of the first embodiment, both bevel gears 11a are engaged with each other. , Ilb hub li
This is accomplished by forming a spline 20.20 on the outer periphery of the shifter 13.d, and meshing the spline 2L21 formed on the inner wall of the shifter 13.13 with this spline 20.20. In the figure, 22.22 is a spline hub.

According to the structure of this embodiment, both beher gears 11a, 11
The splines 20 and 20 of b are connected to both bell gears 11a,
Since it is formed on the outer periphery of the huff 11d of Ilb, the contact area of both bevel gears Ila and Ilb with respect to the output shaft 12 becomes large, and both bevel gears Ila and Ilb can be stably held.

In addition, in this embodiment, since the lubricating oil injection hole 23 is formed in the output shaft 12, both bevel gears 11a and llb are connected to the output shaft 1.
2, needle bearings 24, 24 can be used in place of the ball hair ring 15 employed in the first embodiment. Therefore, the circumferences of the shafts of both bevel gears 11a and 11b can be made thinner than in the first embodiment.

Note that the other configurations, functions, and effects are the same as in the first embodiment. Therefore, the same reference numerals are given to the same parts in terms of structure, and detailed explanation thereof is omitted. [Third Embodiment] FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a third embodiment of the transmission drive mechanism according to the present invention. It is.

The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is the structure of the shifter that meshes with bevel gears 11a and llb arranged on the left and right sides.

That is, the meshing between the shifter 13.1.3 and the bevel gears 11a and llb in the first embodiment is as follows.
, 11b is achieved by coupling the spline 11e formed on the outer end inner wall of the hub lid with the spline 13a formed on the outer periphery of both shifters 13.13, but in this embodiment, both hevel gears 11a
Meshing grooves a30, 30 are formed on the end faces of the hub lids of the bevel gears 11a, llb, and similar meshing grooves 32, 32 are formed on the end faces of the shifters 3L31 mounted on the left and right sides of the bevel gears 11a, llb. This is done by butt joining (Dosog Crunch method).

According to the structure of this embodiment, both bevel gears 11a and 11b
Since the engaging grooves 30, 30 formed on the end faces of the hub lid and the engaging grooves 32, 32 formed on the end faces of the shifters 31, 31 can be formed by the same molding process, the manufacturing process can be simplified. .

Note that the other configurations, functions, and effects are the same as those in the first and second embodiments. Therefore, the same reference numerals are given to the structurally identical parts, and detailed explanation thereof will be omitted.

[Fourth Embodiment] FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the transmission drive mechanism according to the present invention.

In this embodiment, the meshing mode of the shifters 40 and 41 that mesh with the bevel gears 11a and llb is such that, for example, the meshing method explained in the second embodiment is adopted for the shifter 40 for one bevel gear 11a, and for the shifter 40 for the other bevel gear 11a, The shifter 41 for the bell gear 11b employs the meshing method described in the third embodiment.

According to the structure of this embodiment, both bevel gears 11a and 11b
Since the meshing method of the shifters 40 and 41 is adopted in a cross-over manner from the second and third embodiments, the functions and effects of both of the embodiments described above can be obtained.

Note that the other configurations, functions, and effects are the same as those of the first, second, and third embodiments. Therefore, the same reference numerals are given to the structurally identical parts, and detailed explanation thereof will be omitted.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained in detail above, the present invention includes a pair of bevel gears that are rotated forward and reverse by a bevel pinion, which are held by a solid output shaft, and shifters that mesh with both bevel gears are attached to the left and right sides of the output shaft. The shifter selects forward or reverse rotation of both bevel gears, thereby transmitting the forward and reverse rotational motion of the bevel gears to the output shaft. , a pair of bevel gears meshed on the left and right sides of the bevel pinion, a solid output shaft provided passing through both bevel gears, and rotating integrally with the output shaft,
A pair of shifters that are slidable in the axial direction and mesh with either of the pair of hevel gears by sliding, a pair of shift forks that abut each of the shifters and cause each shifter to slide left and right, and both shift forks. Since it is composed of a fork shaft that moves the output shaft from side to side, and an output extraction means that is rotatably attached to the output shaft, there is no sliding movement of the output shaft in the thrust direction, and therefore, there is no wear associated with this. In addition, it has various excellent effects such as increasing the strength of the load on the output shaft, simplifying the configuration, reducing the number of parts, speeding up assembly work, and allowing smooth switching between forward and reverse rotation. has.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a tractor equipped with a transmission drive mechanism of the present invention, FIGS. 2 and 3 are explanatory diagrams showing a first embodiment of the transmission drive mechanism of the present invention,
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a second embodiment of the transmission drive mechanism of the present invention, FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a third embodiment of the transmission drive mechanism of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the third embodiment of the transmission drive mechanism of the present invention. It is an explanatory view showing a fourth example of a drive mechanism of a mission. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Tractor, 2...Lower drive, 3...Mission, 4...P, T, O axis, 5...Chain (output extraction means), 10...Beher pinion, 11a...
・Hevel gear, 11b... Bevel gear, Ilc・
...Shaft insertion hole, lid...Hub, 11e...Spline, 12...Output shaft, 12a...Spline connection, 13...Shifter, 13a...Spline, 14
...Sprocket, 15...Ball bearing, 1
6...Shift fork, 17...Fork shaft, 18...Click ball, 20...Spline,
21...Spline, 22...Spline hub, 2
3... Injection hole, 24... Needle bearing, 30
... Engagement groove, 31... Shifter, 32... Engagement groove, 40.41... Shifter,

Claims (1)

[Claims] P. T. a bevel pinion connected to the O-shaft; a pair of bevel gears meshed on the left and right sides of the bevel pinion;
a solid output shaft provided through both bevel gears; a pair of shifters that rotate integrally with the output shaft, are slidable in the axial direction, and mesh with either of the pair of bevel gears by sliding; It is characterized by comprising a pair of shift forks that abut on each of the shifters and slide each shifter left and right, a fork shaft that interlocks both shift forks, and an output extraction means provided on the output shaft. The drive mechanism of the mission.