JPS62110945A - Production of dark polyester fiber fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a method for darkening polyester fiber fabrics.

[Conventional technology]

Fabrics include those woven with yarn-dyed threads (colored threads) (
There are two types: first dyed) and those woven with fabric threads and then dyed (1 & dyed).

In the case of yarn dyeing, it is necessary to stock a large amount of yarn dyed yarn depending on the number of colors of the fabric, and as the number of colors increases, the amount of remaining yarn also increases, which increases costs.

Piece dyeing is considered to be advantageous in this respect, and with the development of print printing technology, the diversification of products, and the trend toward smaller lots, piece dyeing has recently become the mainstream for textiles.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

In the case of piece dyeing, as the fabric becomes thicker, the amount of dye used naturally increases, but at the same time, the degree of internal penetration of the dye decreases, and during the color development process, the amount of dye used inside and on the fabric's surface increases. Moisture distribution is uneven, and staining spots due to migration are likely to occur, and this is particularly noted for polyester fibers that have poor dyeability.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, the present invention aims to efficiently produce a uniformly deep-colored thick polyester fiber fabric by piece dyeing, and at the same time to reduce the cost of dye usage.

[Structure of the invention]

The method for producing a dark-colored polyester fiber fabric according to the present invention meets the above-mentioned objectives, and the front yarn 12 and the back yarn 22 are ordinary polyester fibers, the middle yarn 13 is a cationic dyeable polyester fiber, and the front yarn The polyester fiber fabric 11 is made of a warp double or weft double weave with a twill or satin weave structure in which the middle thread 13 that connects the inner thread 12 and the back thread 22 stands out on the front and back sides at an area ratio of 30% or less and 10% or more within the woven structure. organized into a city;
The thickness and weaving density of the front thread 12, back thread 22, and middle thread 13 are connected at the joining point 14, and the middle thread 13 has a vertical and horizontal dimension of 0.7 - x 0.4
-m or less, surface area Q, 2mm or less (set so that it appears, after weaving, the gray fabric is chromatic color 1') & dyed with dye and black cationic dye and subjected to relaxation treatment It is.

The front thread and the back thread 22 mean the front warp and front warp of the warp 2i, or the front weft and the back weft of the weft 2, respectively, and the middle thread 13 means the front warp and the front weft of the warp 2, respectively. It means the weft yarn that connects warp yarns, or the warp yarn that connects front weft yarn and back weft yarn of two wefts, and cationic dyeable polyester fiber refers to the main chain or side chain or side chain of polyethylene tereclate of ordinary polyester fiber. Refers to fibers with sulfonic acid groups or carboxyl groups introduced at the ends.

In order to make the medium threads 13 stand out on the front and back sides of the fabric with an area ratio of 35% or less and 10% or more in one complete weaving structure, it is necessary to The arrangement interval is el, the arrangement interval of the middle threads 13 is e2, and the apparent thickness of the front thread 12 and back thread 22 is di.
The apparent size of the medium thread 13 is d2, the number of weave points of one perfect (rupeet of the woven structure) on one side of the front and back is n, and among the number n of the one perfect weave points, the front and back of the medium thread are When the number of connection points 14 appearing on each side is defined as m, they may be set so as to satisfy the following equation.

o, io≦ (di Xd2X m) / (el
Xe2x n ) ≦0.35 Note that the apparent thickness referred to here is measured in a state where the yarn is stretched straight with very slight tension so as not to stretch.

The thickness and weave density of the front thread 12, back thread 22, and middle thread 13 are determined by the length and width of the middle thread 13 at the joining point 14, Q, 7 am X Q.
, 4 In order to make the surface MIQ appear finely below m, the front thread 12, the back thread 22 and the middle thread 1
The apparent thickness of 3 is di and d2, di Xd2≦0.1
Within the range that satisfies the inequality 5 (mm), the apparent thickness dl of one of them is set to 0.4 - or less, and the apparent height d2 of the other is set to 0.7 mm or less, and [L
First, the adjacent front threads 12 and 12', the back threads 22 and 22', and the middle threads 13 and 13' should be made dense to the extent that no visible gaps occur between them. The wefts are made dense and the weft density is made dense so that the arrangement interval e between them is approximately the same as the thickness d.

The thickness and weaving density of the front yarn 12, back yarn 22, and middle yarn 13 indicate the limits for producing a single color plain polyester fiber fabric with no unevenness and uniformity according to the present invention. Therefore, preferably the medium thread 1 appearing at the joining point 14
The vertical and horizontal dimensions of 3 are 0.5 as x Q, 3 am or more and the surface area is 0. I 5 mm or less is desirable, and regarding the embodiment (to explain with a concrete example), either one of the front yarn 12, back yarn 22, and middle yarn 13 is a spun yarn. In case, the thickness is 500 in the case of filament yarn (processed yarn).
denier) and the apparent thickness is 0°451 or less, and if the other side that intersects at the joining point 14 is a spun yarn, its thickness is cotton count 11 or more, and in the case of filament yarn (processed yarn), Make the apparent thickness 0.220 denier or less.
3＠＠ or less, and the weaving density was set so that they were dense and 1ν, and in particular, the polyester fibers constituting the front yarn 12 and the back yarn 22 were subjected to a tree processing to give them 10 shrinkage. It is highly recommended that you use one.

The gray fabric 10 set as described above is subjected to a relaxing treatment 10 in the dye bath of the subsequent dyeing process, moist heat, or washing process.
% shrinkage, and the woven structure is a twill or satin weave structure in which the middle thread stands out on the front and back sides with an area ratio of 35% or less, and the middle thread is attached to the front or back thread at one weaving point (joining point). However, the front and back threads continuously cross over the middle thread at two or more weaving points, and therefore the floating of the front and back threads on the surface of the greige fabric is compared to the middle thread. As a result, the front and back yarns swell by more than 1.5 times due to the relaxation process and cover the joining point 14 where the middle thread appears, and the vertical and horizontal dimensions at the joining point of the gray fabric 10 are 0. 45 *＠
．． 45 x O,l 5 ■■ or smaller or 0.23 x 0, 3 mm or smaller.

Dyeing may be done by one-bath dyeing using a disperse dye and a cationic dye in the same bath, but due to the ionic nature of these dyes, a tar-like precipitate is formed in the dye bath, and this adheres to the fabric. Since there is a risk of contamination, two-bath two-step dyeing using different dyes is preferred. In that case, it is preferable to first dye the fabric with a disperse dye and then dye it with a cationic dye.

〔Effect of the invention〕

(11 In the present invention, the disperse dye dyes the front and back yarns, which are ordinary polyester fibers, but does not dye the middle yarn, which is a cationic dyeable polyester fiber.On the other hand,
Cationic dyes dye medium yarns, which are cationic dye-dyeable polyester fibers, but do not dye ordinary polyester fibers at all but only stain them. As a result, more than 65% of the surface area of the front and back surfaces of the fabric of the present invention, which has a double weave structure, is colored with the chromatic front and back yarns dyed with the disperse dye.

And the black medium thread dyed with cationic dye is 35%
It appears on the front and back sides in the following proportions, but as a result of color mixing on the textile surface, the hue is dominated by a chromatic color that accounts for more than 65%, and the achromatic black that accounts for less than 35% makes it a chromatic color. The brightness of the fabric surface is reduced without significantly reducing the saturation, and as a result, the colors on both the front and back sides are clearly deepened without becoming muddy.

That is, the bright color produced by the monodisperse dye on the front (back) side of the fabric does not become muddy due to the deepening of the color.

(2) The size of the middle thread, which appears as a black dot at each joining point, is determined by carefully arranging the front thread and back thread, and by limiting the thickness of each group of the front thread, back thread, and middle thread. The result is very small, and the gray fabric is shaken and relaxed during the dyeing process, and as a result, at each connection point where the middle thread appears, the front and back threads shift to cover the middle thread and relax. It contracts and becomes bulky, swells and covers the connection points from the left and right, and the maximum length and width of the gray fabric is 0.7.
am
55m, short side 0.40mm or less, or long side 0.70m
5, a fine black rectangle with a short side of 0.20 mm or less).

At this point, a person with normal eyesight (1,0) has 200L.
The minimum length that can distinguish two points at a distance of 5 m under x illuminance is 1.5 mm, and the visual angle at that time is 1'.

This means that when a person with normal eyesight looks at a point with a side of 0.15 gm from a distance of 50 cm or more, it will blend with the surrounding colors and be indistinguishable. In color printing, the fineness of the halftone dots in normal color reproduction is coarse, 60 fW/c+a, or the halftone dot spacing is 10
This is supported by the fact that the layer M/60 (hardness = 0.17 (intestinal meal/1 hardness)).

The size of the black medium thread appearing in the fabric obtained by the present invention is 0.35 x Q, 4 mm or less in length and width, or 0.7 am x Q, l mm, which is from the distance of clear vision. A person with normal eyesight can barely discern it as a "dot."

Therefore, the medium threads that darken the bright colors of the monodisperse dye on the front (back) of polyester fiber fabrics may appear as stains or fine marbling-like spots on the front (back) of the fabric. This prevents the surface (back side) of the polyester fiber fabric from becoming muddy with low color saturation.

For this purpose, as described as an embodiment of the present invention,
The vertical and horizontal dimensions of the middle thread 13 appearing at the joining point 14 are 0.5
am X O, 3mm or less, surface area 0.15mrr
It is desirable to make it less than r, and dyeing and lira・
By Nox processing, this is 0.25 rows and 3 rows @ X Q, 3
It is desired that the amount be less than 0.5 times or less than 0.5 times.

(3) In the polyester fiber woven fabric according to the present invention, the black dots of the medium yarn that appear as such faint "dots" are regularly arranged according to the weave structure, and the surface area around the joining points, which account for 65% or more of the woven fabric surface, is It blends with the chromatic colors of the threads and lining threads, and the viewer can only distinguish them as shadows of the texture of the front and lining threads, and cannot easily distinguish them as "black spots." It has the effect of making the threads and back threads appear to be one color more than they actually are, thereby giving depth and texture to the appearance of the fabric.

Of course, in order to do this, it is necessary to simply add 35% of the medium thread within the woven structure.
It goes without saying that it is not only necessary to make it appear with the following area ratio (but also to make it appear on each of the front and back sides with a small area ratio (of 10% or more within the woven structure).

(4) Due to the effect of the black spots on the medium yarn, it is possible to dye the front and back sides deeply with a small amount of disperse dye used, which tends to occur when the amount of disperse dye used (dyeing l; lt) is small. Dyeing spots are also effectively avoided, and on top of that, the middle yarn is dyed with a self-coloring color (++), which is cheaper than black cationic dye, so the disperse dye that dyes the entire polyester fiber fabric can be dyed. quantity is reduced.

(5) The front and back yarns are not contaminated by cationic dyes, so both the front and back sides have clear colors, while the middle yarns are slightly contaminated by disperse dyes, but they are black due to the cationic dye being dyed. The contamination is canceled out, and a fabric dyed in deep and vivid colors is obtained.

〔Example〕

Woolly-processed ordinary polyester fiber filament yarn with a total denier of 150 d (number of filaments: 48) was used as the front warp 12 and the front warp 22, each with a warp density of 3.
6 yarns/cm (total warp density 72 yarns/cm), and a woolly processed cationic dyeable polyester fiber filament yarn with a total denier of 300 d (48 filaments x 2 aligned) is used as the medium yarn (weft) 13. used, weft density 2
6.8/Cff1 polyester fiber greige 10
The fabric was then scoured and dried at 170°C, circularly dyed with a black cationic dye and a chromatic disperse dye at 170°C, washed with water, and dried, and finished with a tenter at 185°C.

The obtained polyester fiber fabric 11 has a width that has shrunk by about 10% and a length that has shrunk by about 15% compared to the raw + All 0 fabric, and the front warp 12 and the front warp 22 are not contaminated with cationic dyes and are treated with disperse dyes. It is dyed more vividly, and the apparent thickness is about 1.5 times larger than that of gray fabric 10. On the other hand, medium thread 1
3 is dyed with a clear black color using a cationic dye without being contaminated by the disperse dye, and compared to when the gray fabric 10 is dyed only with the disperse dye, the overall tone of the fabric 11 is deeper, richer, clearer, and the color is not cloudy. , the middle thread 13 of the joining point 14 is connected to the fabric surface 11
They were so minute that they could not be seen individually.

In addition, 40 joint points 14 of the obtained polyester fiber fabric 11 are randomly selected, and the intermediate threads 13 appearing there are
As a result of actually measuring the vertical and horizontal dimensions using a microscope, the average horizontal dimension di (in the thickness direction of the front thread 12 and back thread 22) was 0.127--(
The average length (the apparent thickness of the medium thread 13) d2 is 0.335 am (the maximum is 0.38 mm, the minimum is 0.30 mm), These measured values had a roughly city distribution.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an enlarged surface view of the twill greige fabric of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an enlarged surface view of a fabric obtained by dyeing the greige fabric of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3
The figure is a front weave diagram of the gray fabric shown in Figure 1, Figure 4 is a back weave diagram of the gray fabric shown in Figure 1, and Figure 5 is a double weave structure consisting of the front weave shown in Figure 3 and the back weave shown in Figure 4. 6 is a sectional view taken along line xx' in FIG. 1, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line YY' in FIG. 10... Gray fabric, ll... Polyester fiber fabric, 12... Front thread, 22... Back thread, 13
... Middle thread, 14... Connection point.

Claims (6)

[Claims] (1) The front yarn 12 and the back yarn 22 are ordinary polyester fibers, (2) The middle thread 13 is made of cationic dye-dyable polyester fiber, (3) Having a twill or satin weave structure in which the middle thread 13 that connects the front thread 12 and the back thread 22 stands out on the front and back sides at an area ratio of 35% or less and 10% or more within the entire woven structure, (4) Weaving the polyester fiber fabric 11 into warp-fold or weft-fold structure, (5) The thickness and weaving density of the front thread 12, the back thread 22, and the middle thread 13 are connected at the joining point 14, so that the middle thread 13 has a vertical and horizontal dimension of 0.7 mm x
It is set so that it appears finely at 0.4 mm or less and the surface area is 0.2 mm^2 or less, (6) After weaving, the gray fabric is dyed with a chromatic disperse dye and a black cationic dye and subjected to a relaxing treatment. A method for producing a dark-colored polyester fiber fabric.