JPS62107976A - Nozzle fitting body for grinding fluid jet cutter - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for cutting materials by means of high-velocity fluid jets.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 2. Description of the Prior Art and its Problems, More Particularly Regarding Methods and Apparatus for Producing Fluid Jets Containing Abrasive Particles Cutting materials by means of high-velocity fluid jets is well known in the art for the time being. An example of such a device is disclosed in US Pat. No. 4,216,906. Typically, a fluid such as water is pressurized to 55,000 pounds per square inch.

0.003 to 0.03 inches (0.0076 to 0.0
It is forced out through an orifice with a diameter of 76eW1), creating a jet with a velocity up to three times the speed of sound. The resulting jet is made of steel and aluminum.

paper, rubber, glass, kavlar
).

It can be used to cut a wide variety of metallic and non-metallic materials such as graphite and food products.

To increase the cutting force of the fluid jet.

Abrasive materials have been added to the jet stream to create so-called "abrasive water jets." This abrasive water jet can be used to efficiently cut a wide range of materials, from ultra-hard materials such as tool steel, armored grates, aluminum, cast iron, some ceramics and bulletproof glass, to soft materials such as lead. It will be done.

A typical abrasive is aluminum oxide with a grid size (grit 5its) of +16 to ÷400.

Contains silica and j-net.

Abrasives are typically added downstream of the nozzle opening to minimize degradation of the jet-forming nozzle. In practice,
Abrasive water abrasives containing a mixing region have been mounted on fluid jet nozzles. Thereby, the jet passes through the mixing region and is emitted from the end of the unong. Abrasive water jet hoses are often referred to as "mixing nozzles" and are installed as attachments to fluid jet nozzles. Fluid jet nozzles are called "high pressure nozzles."

The abrasive is typically delivered to the mixing zone from a nearby hole by means of an abrasive feed line in fluid communication with the fluid jet via a conduit within the abrasive water jet. The abrasive material is drawn from the supply line to the fluid jet by the Benchelli effect of the low pressure region surrounding the fluid being applied. 0.1-6.0 lbs/ for operation
It has been found that an amount of abrasive in the range of 0.0454 to 2.72 min (0.0454 to 2.72 9/min) provides a suitable abrasive water jet for a wide range of applications. Therefore, the abrasive passes through the abrasive control valve, which regulates the flow rate of the abrasive into the jet.
to the mixed area.

The abrasive water jet that has passed through the mixing region is ejected from the mixing nozzle through an outlet passage. In order to maximize the life of the mixing nozzle, alignment of the mixing nozzle and the abrasive jet is highly desirable. Additionally, if the internal flow path is not approximately coaxial with the abrasive jet, the mixing nozzle will quickly wear out and become unusable.

Unaligned jets reduce cutting ability. This is because part of the jet's energy is dissipated into the mixture.

Because the flow path through the abrasive jet is several inches long, slight alignment errors in the solder (e.g.

even a few tens of thousandths of an inch from vertical) reduces cutting ability and results in premature failure of the mixing nozzle.

Ensuring coax and alignment has been difficult for many reasons. 1st K, high pressure nozzle jewel
Or, a defect in the hole stone causes the flow path of the fluid jet to deviate from its normal position. Second.

The placement of the jewel inside the high-pressure nozzle gedi is likely to be inaccurate, further misaligning the flow path. In addition, normal manufacturing tolerances of all parts of an abrasive jet nozzle result in small variations in the relationship between the fluid jet path and the flow path determined by the abrasive jet nozzle.

Conventionally, the chances of the jet impinging on the nozzle inner surface are reduced by making the inner diameter of the mixing nozzle very large relative to the fluid jet diameter.

Attempts have been made to resolve the alignment problem. However, such nozzles have poor cutting ability.

Therefore, it would be highly desirable to provide some type of adjustment. This allows the fluid jet to be coaxial with the internal flow path of the mixing tube.

In general, the adjustment procedure must be sufficiently rapid and simple to allow for easy and rapid coordination in the field.

[Summary of the invention]

The present invention aims to provide a method and a device for providing such regulation.

In particular, a nozzle for use in an abrasive jet cutting device of the type comprising a source of high-pressure fluid, a high-velocity nozzle having an orifice for directing fluid as a high-velocity jet, and a conduit for supplying fluid from said fluid source to said nozzle. The present invention provides an assembly.

The improved nozzle assembly according to the present invention consists of the following means. namely, a female dee having an internal mixing region: a first orifice forming means for directing a high velocity fluid jet along a flow path extending substantially axially through said mixing region; in fluid communication with said mixing region; a first conduit means adapted to direct abrasive from an abrasive source to said mixing region; receiving an abrasive-containing jet from said mixing region and discharging it along a generally axially extending twenty flow path; a second orifice forming means in fluid communication with the mixing region for controlling the mixing region; and adjusting means for coaxially aligning the first and second orifices.

Because the nozzle assembly can be easily aligned in the field, a disposable insert can be used to form the output passage for the abrasive jet. Since the output passageway is the most susceptible component, by quickly inserting and aligning the insert, downtime can be significantly minimized.

The following description will help you understand the invention in more detail.

[Description of preferred embodiment]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of two abrasive jet nozzle assemblies made in accordance with the present invention. Is this assembly a through hole that goes through in the axial direction? Main ♂ with A12
Including Dee 10. The upper upper end portion of the through hole 12 is sized to receive the body 14 of a high pressure fluid jet nozzle. The lower end of the through hole 12 is
It is sized to receive a generally cylindrical insert 16 made of hard steel or carbide and having a generally annular cross section.

An abrasive through hole 18 extends radially through the main body 10 and connects an abrasive supply source (not shown) to the nore 1.
2 to a mixing region 20 inside.

Mixing region 20 is located between the lower end of nozzle body 14 and the upper end of insert 16.

The terms "upper end" and "lower end" used herein
These terms relate to the direction of fluid flow, and the terms ``upper'' and ``lower'' are used to describe the relationship of component arrangement with reference to the nine drawings corresponding to the upstream and downstream sides, respectively. Although expressed, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these specific relationships are not essential to the practice of the invention.

A pair of opposing set screws 22 passing through the upper portion of the main body 10 in a substantially radial direction are used to connect the nozzle to the main body. The rE 14 is held inside the main body 10. The front end of the screw 220 contacts the outer periphery of the nozzle body 14. By applying radial forces to the nozzle body 14 from both sides, the Nf dee 4 is prevented from axially moving or rotating within the main body IO.

The mixing area 20 is sealed from the outside air by a pair of axially spaced plastic O-rings 24.42. An upperly positioned O-ring 24 is a tight fit around the nozzle &7''4-14 and is received in a circumferential notch formed in the side wall of the aperture 12.

With this, when the set screw 22 is loosened, Q
A ring 24 limits movement of the nozzle. The other Q I
J song 2 is tightly fitted around the insert 16,
It is fixed to the assembly by an oak (to be described later) 30.

A jewel element 15 such as sapphire is included as an element inside the nozzle ♂rE 14. Pressurized fluid is forced through the central orifice of the jewel element 15 to form a water jet. The jewel element 15 is.

It is mounted on the holder 17. Holder 17 is.

Holding character f21 screwed onto the lower end of the nozzle body 14
It is held inside the cylindrical nozzle daddy.

Pressurized fluid is conducted to the upper end of the orifice by a passage 23 extending inwardly through the nozzle body 14. The end of the passage 23 at the lower end of the nozzle body on the jewel 15 side is a countergear 25 having a one-conical cross section.

Jewelry holder 17 is formed into a conical shape.

Its cheek-shaped outer circumferential surface is brought into contact with a complementary cheek I of the countergear 25. The holder 17 includes an axially extending passage 27 that is continuous with the upper and lower end surfaces of the holder. The upper end of the holder passage 27 is contoured to support the jewel element 15 so that the holder passage 27 aligns with an orifice within the jewel.

In operation, a fluid jet 26 emerges from an orifice within the high pressure nozzle body 14 and passes through the mixing region 20 and into the inner passageway 28 of the insert 16. As the fluid jet 26 passes through the mixing region 20, abrasive particles are entrained into the fluid jet from the passageway 18 due to the low pressure in the region surrounding the fluid. The result is a jet containing abrasive material. The mixing area 20 is the O-ring 24, 4
2 from the atmosphere, a constant high vacuum is provided, which is transmitted only to the abrasive passages 18.

An abrasive-containing jet (or simply "abrasive jet") travels axially through the inner passageway 28 of the insert 16 and is ejected at the distal end of the insert, discharging material located beneath the insert. cut.

In practice, it is about 2 to 4 inches long (5.08 to 10.161
) with an outer diameter of 0.25 to 0.5 inches (0.635 to 1.2
7cIn) carbide inserts can be used. Generally, the inner diameter of the insert is two times the outer diameter of the abrasive particle.
Preferably it is the sum of the outer diameters of the glass fluid jets. When using a 0.018 inch (0.46 crR) diameter high pressure nozzle orifice, Me7. N1180~6
0.05-0.06 inch (0,1
Inserts with an inner diameter of 27 to 0.152 cm were found to be optimal. 0.013 inch (0,0333
) diameter, when using a high pressure nozzle orifice with a mesh mso ~ 150 and an abrasive material of
Inserts with an inner diameter of inches (0.1 to 0.127 mm) were found to be optimal.

To avoid the jets impinging on the inner wall of the insert 16, the passages 28 of the insert 16 are connected to the water jets 26 and 1.
It is desirable to be spiritual. However, there are many causes for collisions.

For example, the contact surface of the holder 17 and the nozzle body counter? Non-concentricity with the A leads to alignment errors. If the inner surface 21m of the holding character f21 is incomplete, the alignment of the holder 17 will be set incorrectly. Furthermore, the jewelry holder 17 and the jewelry may be incorrectly assembled, especially during field replacement.

In the assembly of the illustrated embodiment, the passageway 2 of the insert
8 can be adjusted to be coaxially aligned with fluid jet 26. Consistency oak) 30.

It is tightened against the neck 32 of the main body 10. The neck 32 extends downward from the main body 10, has a substantially cylindrical shape, and has threads carved on its outer periphery.

The nut 30 has a through hole 34.

Its top is sized to circumscribe the neck 32. The lower portion of the through hole 34 is shaped to surround the insert 16.

The nut 30 includes three gears 36 extending in the radial direction and threaded on the inside. Through these 736 corresponding screws 38 pass. The tip 40 of the screw 38 contacts the outer peripheral surface of the insert 16.

The screw 38 is preferably arranged symmetrically around the circumference of the nut.The through hole 34 has a slightly larger diameter than the outer diameter of the insert, so that the screw tip 40 can be selectively advanced or retracted. The lateral position and angle of the insert 16 within the one through hole 34 can be adjusted. The alignment assembly includes a 0.05 mm screw for retaining the insert within the through hole during screw adjustment.
It includes means such as a ring 42. O-ring 42 is compressed between the face of neck 32 and the inner shoulder of nut 30.

The O-ring 42 fits tightly around the insert and provides a frictional resistance to prevent the insert from sliding axially prior to locking. The O-ring is formed of an elastically compressible material; It absorbs the lateral movement of the insert according to the adjustment by the screw.

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a modified embodiment of the present invention. Components similar to those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals. In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the high pressure nozzle? Dee 14' includes a region 42' having a reduced outer diameter. The small diameter region 42' is adapted to contact the tip of the screw 22' when the nozzle body 14' is seated within the main body 10'.

High pressure nozzle? The orifice that brings the water jet inside Dee 14' is Bi? The angle can be adjusted around the cut point. The pit point is preferably located at the center of the orifice. Thus, the insert and mixing region can be rotated relative to each other and properly aligned with the orifice of the high pressure nozzle body.

The lower end surface of the high pressure nozzle body 14' has a generally spherical shape, and the center of its radius of curvature lies on the upstream surface of the jewel defining the orifice. What is the bottom surface of the nozzle? - serves as the goal of a socket-like linkage arrangement. The main body 10' includes a guiding surface on the upper side of the mixing area. The guide surface is shaped to match the 9-sphere.

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of a third embodiment of the present invention.

This embodiment includes upper and lower dlf parts Zoo,
102 included. The upper die member 100 includes two peripheral flange-like portions 118 . The flange-like portion 118 has a plurality of circumferentially disposed through holes 120 connected to the upper surface 104 and the lower surface 106 thereof.

Above the upper surface 104 of the upper female die member 100 is a generally cylindrical pipe 108 that extends axially in an upstream direction. -, an IA 110 is formed. The inner periphery of the upper part of the male part 110 is threaded. ? orifice 1 by means such as a jewel element 116 located within 7110 at approximately the center along the
14 is formed.

The lower axial end surface 122 of the upper geddy member 100 has a spherical shape, and its center of curvature is located at the center of the orifice 114.

Gare 110 forms a fluid passageway and its upper end 112 connects to a source of high pressure fluid. As the fluid passes through orifice 114, it forms a high velocity fluid jet.

The lower dead member 102 includes a through hole 124 extending axially through the center of #1. The through hole 124 consists of a relatively large diameter upper seam 126m, a relatively small diameter central zone 128, and a medium diameter lower seam 7130. A spherical recessed cylinder 132 forms the transition between the upper zone 126 and the central zone 128.

The lower or downstream portion 130 of the through hole 124 is.

It is sized to receive a carbide insert 134. The inner periphery of the lower seam 7130 is threaded and engages an external thread formed on the inserter 134. Alternatively, an alignment feature such as a collar 30 (see FIG. 1) may be utilized.

When the upper member 100 is assembled to the lower member 102, the lower end portion of the central hub member 108 fits within the upper zone 126 of the lower member 102. At the upper end of the lower member 102,
There are a plurality of internally threaded through holes 138 including an outer flange-like periphery 136 .

Circumferentially disposed within the flange-like peripheral portion 136.

Upper member 10 when members 100, 102 are assembled
Matches hole 120 in 0.

Insert the adjustment screw 140 into the hole 120 and screw it into the two-through hole 138.

The flange-like portion is configured such that the flange-like periphery 118 of the upper member 100 is axially separated from the flange-like periphery 136 of the lower member 102 when the lower end surface 122 of the upper member 100 contacts the guide surface 132 of the lower member 1020. 11
8 is positioned.

The distance between the opposing flange-like portions 118, 136 can be adjusted by selectively tightening and loosening each of the two peripherally disposed necks 140.

In the case of FIG. 3, by tightening the left-hand screw, the left-hand spacing of the two 7-lunges is reduced, thereby causing the upper member 100 to rotate counterclockwise. Upper member 10
0 rotates counterclockwise, the upper member rotates toward the lower end surface 122.
The orifice 114 moves relative to the inner passageway of the insert 134. Set screw 14
0 by selectively tightening and loosening.

Orifice 114 can be aligned with the passageway in the dea.

In addition to the rotational adjustment as shown in FIG. 3, it is advantageous to employ a lateral adjustment as shown in FIG. Thereby, axis 150 of insert 134 is aligned with orifice 114.
can be aligned with the axis of

FIG. 4 shows yet another embodiment of the present invention.

For the sake of brevity, only the feature differences in the matched portions will be discussed. A modified mixing nozzle 1100 consists of an upper geddy member 1102 and a lower geddy member 1104 in the form of a cap. The cap 1102 includes an upper large diameter portion with a faceted periphery to improve grip lag and a lower smaller diameter portion 1108. Lower small diameter portion 11
The outer periphery 1110 of the top region of the 08 is threaded, while the lower portion of the lower reduced diameter portion 1108 has an arcuate surface 1109 to form the goal of the ball and socket arrangement. The arcuate surface 1109 has a center of rotation that coexists with the high pressure nozzle opening.

A substantially annular nut-shaped member 11 is provided at the bottom of the mounting portion 1110.
12 is dammed. The nut-shaped member 1112 is.

It has the same outer diameter as the top of cap 7'1102. An upper region 1113 of the inner periphery of the nut-shaped member 1112 is threaded,
Screw together with the outer circumferential screw of the cap. Nut-shaped member 1112
The lower region 1114 is provided with a converging shaped inner wall extending down from the bottom of the threaded region to the lower end surface.

The upper end surface 1104m of the lower geddy member 1104 is a socket-defining central region formed within the inner wall 1105 that converges and extends downward. External wall 1 surrounding this central area
Reference numeral 106 has a shape similar to the inner circumference of the lower end surface of the nut-shaped member, and has a larger diameter. Thus, the lower geddie member 1104 is held within the nut and is freely movable. Thereby.

The lower gedi member 1104 has its inner wall 1105 connected to the arcuate surface 11 of the upper gedi member or character 7' 1102.
09, it is possible to pivot the angle in all directions from the vertical.

Accordingly, the passageway 1120 in the lower geddie member can be pivoted angularly relative to the axis 1125 of the passageway 1124 in the cap to align the abrasive jet passageway with the fluid jet. The cap 1102 is then tightened onto the nut-like member 1112 to force its arcuate surface 1109 axially and radially against the inner wall 1105 of the lower dead member 11o4.

Downward? Prevents relative pivoting of the die members.

Although the invention has been described only in terms of specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that countless variations can be made to the invention in view of the two disclosures. Such variations are included within the scope of this invention. Therefore, the present invention should be broadly construed, and the scope and true meaning thereof should be limited by the scope of the claims.

[Explanation of main symbols]

10... Main body 12... Through hole 14... Nozzle? Dee 15...Jewel element 16...Insert 17...Holder 18...Abrasive through hole 20...Mixing area 21...Holding cap 22...Set screw 23...Passway 24. 42...0 ring 25...Counterbore 27...Passage 28...Passage 30...Alignment, To 32...Neck 34...Through hole 36...Bore 38... Neno 40...Tip 42...0 ring 42'...Small diameter area 100...Upper? Dimensions part 102...Lower part part 104...Top surface 106...Bottom surface 108...No1 Pu 110...? A 112... Upper portion 114... Orifice 116... Jewel element 118... Flange-shaped portion 120... Through hole 122... Lower end surface 124... Through hole 126... Upper zone 128... ...Central zone 130...Lower zone 132...Guiding surface 136...Flanged peripheral portion 138...Through hole 140...Screw 150...Axis 1100...Nozzle 1102...Upper Gedi part 1104... Lower Gedi part 1104 m... Upper end surface 1105... Inner wall 1106... Outer wall 1108... Small diameter portion 1109... Arcuate surface 1110... Outer side 1112... Nut shape Member 1113... Upper region 1114... Lower region 1120... Passage 1124... Passage 1125... Axis Patent applicant Flow Industries, Inc. FIG, lA Engraving of drawing (no change in content) FIG , Old FIG, 2 FIG, 4 Procedural Amendment July 24, 1985 Commissioner of the Patent Office Black 1) Akio 1, Indication of Case 1986 Patent Application No. 7
No. 4419 No. 2, Title of the invention: Nozzle mounting body for an abrasive fluid jet cutting device 3, Relationship to the case of the person making the amendment Patent applicant name: Flow Industries, Inc. 4, Agent address: Nishijin, Minato-ku, Tokyo vR1-6-21-
thing. 5. Date of amendment order: June 4, 1986 (shipment date:
June 24, 1985) Procedural Amendment 7/9/1988 Commissioner of the Patent Office Kuro 1) Akio 1, Indication of Case 1986 Patent Application No. 7
No. 4419 No. 2, Title of the invention: Nozzle mounting body for an abrasive fluid jet cutting device 3, Relationship to the amended party's case Name of patent applicant: Flow Industries, Inc. 4, Agent address: Nishi, Minato-ku, Tokyo Yamato Bank Toranomon Building 6, 1-6-21 Shinbashi, Subject of amendment (1) Brief description of drawings column 7 of the specification, contents of amendment (1) ■ "IA" in line 11 of page 25 of the specification Correct it to "1". ■Delete the statement "Figure 1B..." in lines 13 and 14 of the same page. (2) Figures 1A and 1B of the drawings will be deleted, and Figures 1 and 3 will be corrected as shown in the attached sheet.

Claims (1)

Claims: 1. A high-speed nozzle having a high-pressure fluid source, a nozzle opening for directing fluid as a high-speed cutting fluid jet, and a conduit for supplying fluid from the fluid source to the nozzle opening. An improved nozzle assembly for providing an abrasive jet for a fluid jet cutting device of the type comprising: a body having an internal mixing region; a body having an internal mixing region; Along a flow path extending approximately in the axial direction,
orifice forming means for directing a high velocity fluid jet; first conduit means in fluid communication with said mixing region for directing abrasive from an abrasive source to said mixing region; an abrasive-containing jet from said mixing region a second conduit means in fluid communication with the mixing region for receiving and discharging the same along a generally axially extending second flow path; and for coaxially aligning the orifice and the second conduit means. adjustment means. 2. A nozzle assembly as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: a second nozzle body surrounding said second conduit means;
and coupling means for coupling the first and second nozzle bodies for relative movement to coaxially align the orifice with the second conduit means. 3. The nozzle assembly according to claim 2, wherein: one of the two nozzle bodies is configured such that at least a portion of one of the two nozzle bodies fits into at least a portion of the other nozzle body. and wherein said coupling means includes means for adjusting the lateral position of said one body relative to said other body. 4. A nozzle assembly according to claim 3, wherein said lateral adjustment means includes a plurality of circumferentially arranged adjustment screw means for applying a lateral positioning force. A nozzle assembly comprising; 5. A nozzle assembly as set forth in claim 4, wherein: the adjustment screw means is adapted to apply an inward positioning force to the inner nozzle body; A nozzle assembly comprising a plurality of adjustment screws passing inwardly through an outer nozzle body. 6. A nozzle assembly as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 5, further comprising ball and socket type linkage means for enabling pivoting of said orifice about said second conduit means. A nozzle assembly consisting of; 7. A nozzle assembly as claimed in claim 3, further comprising: ball and socket type linkage means for enabling pivoting of said orifice about said second conduit means; Nozzle assembly. 8. A nozzle assembly according to claim 7, wherein: said insertion end portion of said one nozzle body is a generally convex guide such that said insertion end portion functions as a ball of a ball and socket type linkage arrangement. A nozzle assembly comprising: a surface; 9. The nozzle assembly as set forth in claim 8, wherein: the other nozzle body functions as a socket of a ball-and-socket-type linkage arrangement to form the ball-and-socket-type linkage; A nozzle assembly comprising: a second guide surface positioned in cooperation with the shape guide surface. 10. A nozzle assembly as claimed in claim 8, wherein: said generally convex guide surface has a focal point at the center of said orifice. 11. A nozzle assembly for use in a fluid jet cutting device consisting of: an orifice forming means adapted to be in fluid communication with a source of high pressure fluid; in fluid communication with said first orifice forming means; a first flanged body including said orifice forming means; a second flanged body including said conduit means; and aligning said orifice and said conduit means; means for coupling the flanges of the first and second flanged bodies in an adjustable positional relationship to allow the flanged body to move;