JPS6195720A - Truck frame of railway vehicle and its manufacture - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To form especially easily the cross-sectional shape of each part of a side beam by plastic work and to improve the dimensional accuracy of a joining part by forming each cross-cut member of pipe used for a side beam into a prescribed shape before joining said cut members together in a state of their original cross-sectional shapes to form them into a side beam to form a truck frame. CONSTITUTION:A pipe stock having a circular cross-sectional shape used for a side beam 10, for instance is cut into plural parts; bulged parts 13 are formed by bulging work, etc., at the side faces of the middle part of the cut pipe to be used for an intermediate member 12. A pipe member 11 of the cut pipes is provided with bulging work, etc. to be formed into a prescribed curved-beam shape; a pair of both end-members 11a, 11b obtained from the member 11, has each, one end having a circular cross-sectional shape to be joined to the member 12 and the other end having a semicircular cross-sectional shape. The member 12 is welded respectively to the members 11a, 11b at their original circular cross-sectional parts to form a side beam 10. A cross beam 20 consisting of pipes are joined to the parts 13 projecting mutually oppositely of beam 10.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a bogie frame for a railway vehicle and a method for manufacturing the same, and in particular, to reduce manufacturing costs, reduce the weight of the car body, and improve reliability in terms of strength. The present invention relates to a bogie frame for a railway vehicle suitable for use in, and a manufacturing method thereof.

[Background of the invention]

The conventional bogie frame for railway vehicles (hereinafter referred to as bogie frame) is the 11th
This will be explained with reference to FIGS. 13 to 13.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a conventional truck frame in which side beams, cross beams, etc. are formed by press working, and FIG. 12 is a side beam.

FIG. 13 is a partial plan view including a partial cross section of a conventional bogie frame in which pipe materials are used for cross beams, etc., and FIG. 13 is a side view of FIG. 12.

First of all, Fig. 11 shows a coil spring type bogie frame (the side beams are straight beams) that has been widely used in the past. 1 is a side beam that faces each other, and 2 is a cross beam that connects these side beams 1. , 3 are spring caps, each of which is formed by pressing a steel plate independently, and the side surface of the side beam 1 and both ends of the cross beam 2, as well as the lower end surface of the side beam 1 and the upper end of the spring cap 3, are welded. . Generally, the fatigue strength of the welded portion 4 is lower than, for example, the fatigue strength of the base material of the side beam 1, and therefore, the welded portion 4 is the weakest and fatigue failure occurs at this portion.

Therefore, in order to reduce the number of welded parts and improve the fatigue strength of the welded parts, a bogie frame was developed in which a protruding part was formed on the surface of a single pipe and the side beams were joined at this part. Publication No. 58-6659).

Figures 12 and 13 show the developed truck frame structure.

In the figure, LA is a side beam made of a single pipe material,
Projections 5a and 5b are formed on the surface of the pipe material.

2A is a horizontal beam made of pipe material.

3A is a spring cap, and these cross beams 2A and spring cap 3A are
Welding is performed on the surfaces of the protrusions 5a and 5b of the side beam IA.

According to this, the welded portion 4' can be released from the portion where the stress concentration is maximum, and the fatigue strength of the single bogie frame structure is improved.

However, since the bogie frame is a large structure, forming multiple protruding shapes on the surface of a single long pipe requires large forming processing equipment, and the side beams are curved and shaped like beams. There was a problem in that molding could not be performed in some cases.

[Purpose of the invention]

The present invention was made in order to solve the problems of the prior art described above, and in a bogie frame for a railway vehicle formed by joining side beams, the cross-sectional shape of each part of the side beams can be easily modified by plastic working. It is an object of the present invention to provide a bogie frame for a railway vehicle and a method for manufacturing the same, which can be formed into a shape, and which has good dimensional accuracy at the joint and has a structure in which local stress at the joint does not affect the strength of the structure. The purpose is

[Summary of the invention]

The structure of the bogie frame for a railway vehicle according to the present invention is such that the bogie frame for a railroad vehicle is composed of opposing side beams and a cross beam that connects these side beams, and the side beam has a plurality of pipe members. The cross beams are joined together to form a curved beam shape, and the cross beams made of pipe members are connected via protrusions formed on opposing side surfaces of the side beams.

In addition, in the method for manufacturing a bogie frame for a railway vehicle according to the present invention, there is provided a method for manufacturing a bogie frame for a railway vehicle in which opposing side beams are connected by a cross beam, and the material for forming the side beams is The pipe is cut into multiple parts, each of these cut pipe members is formed into a predetermined beam shape, and protrusions are formed on the side faces of the side beams that should face each other, and then each of these formed pipe members is In this method, a side beam in the form of a curved beam is formed by joining them at their original cut planes, and a cross beam made of a pipe member is joined to the protruding parts of the opposing side beams to form a bogie frame. .

Additionally, the idea behind developing the present invention is as follows.

The present invention involves cutting a single raw material pipe into multiple parts in the longitudinal direction, plastically working or bending each pipe member into a predetermined shape, and then joining these pipe members together again in the original cross-sectional shape of the pipe. By doing so, we have devised a railway bogie frame and its manufacturing method that facilitates plastic working or bending of pipe cross sections and improves the reliability and workability of joints between pipe members.

When bulging a pipe member for a side beam by applying internal pressure and axial compressive stress to the pipe, both ends of the pipe member are
High dimensional accuracy is required because internal pressure must be maintained during the bulge forming process. Therefore, after bulge forming,
If these parts with good dimensional accuracy are joined together, the joining work will be easy and the reliability of the joint will be improved.

In addition, the pipe wall thickness at both ends of the bulge-formed pipe member is thickened due to the large axial compressive stress during the bulge-forming process and the restraining effect of the mold on the inside and outside, and the wall thickness decreases at the overhanging part. There isn't.

Generally, the strength of the joint is lower than that of the base material due to joint defects, deformation and material changes associated with joining. However, if a bulge-formed pipe member is used as in the present invention, the thickness of the joint will be thicker than that of the material pipe, so it can be expected that the strength of the joint will be improved.6 [Embodiments of the Invention] Below, Each embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 10 together with FIG. 14.

FIG. 14 is a side view of an air spring type platform commonly used in passenger trains and passenger cars. ), an air spring 6, a coil spring 7, an axle 8, etc.

In the air spring bogie, a large air spring 6 must be interposed between the car body 9 and the side beam 10A in order to reduce the vibration transmitted from the axle 8 to the car body 9.
A curved beam shape as shown in the figure is used.

12 and 1 for large structures such as bogie frames.
It is difficult to form the protruding parts 5a and 5b as shown in Fig. 3, but it is even more difficult to form the protruding parts in a curved beam shape with a curved cross-sectional center line as shown in Fig. 14. Become something.

Therefore, the following bogie frame and its manufacturing method were developed.

FIG. 1 is a side view of a bogie frame according to an embodiment of the present invention, cut along a cross beam, and corresponds to the bogie frame of the air spring type bogie shown in FIG. 14 above. Figure 2 shows the first
The middle member of the side beam shown in the figure is shown, (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view, and FIG. 3 shows both end members of the side beam shown in FIG.
A) is a front view, and (b) is a side view.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes opposing side beams, including an intermediate member 12 and both end members 11a, which are related to a plurality of molded vibe members.
, llb are welded together. 14 indicates the welded portion.

Two intermediate members 12 are provided in this example, and protrusions 13 as shown in FIG. 2 are formed on opposing sides of each intermediate member 12.

As shown in FIG. 3, both end members 11a and llb are formed in the shape of a curved beam with a curved cross-sectional center line, and one end to be joined to the intermediate member has a circular cross-sectional shape, and the other end has a semi-circular cross-sectional shape. It has become.

Reference numeral 20 denotes a cross beam made of a pipe member, which connects opposing side beams 10 via a protrusion 13 formed on the intermediate member 12.

A method of manufacturing a truck frame having such a configuration will be described next.

First, a single vibrator material having a circular cross section is cut into a plurality of parts in the longitudinal direction, that is, into parts for the intermediate member and parts for both end members.

As shown in FIG. 2, the intermediate member 12 is formed by applying hydraulic bulge processing, rubber pressure bulge processing, etc. to the side surface of the central part of a material pipe with a circular cross-sectional shape cut to a length that facilitates stretch forming. Although bulge processing is performed, the protruding portion 13 is formed by performing press processing.

On the other hand, the material pipe for both end members is stretched or bent into a predetermined curved beam shape, and as shown in Figure 3, one end to be joined to the intermediate member has a circular cross-section, and the other end has a semicircular cross-section. A pair of both end members 11a and llb are manufactured by forming the cross-sectional shape into a curved beam shape.

The side beam 10 is manufactured by welding and joining these intermediate member 12 and both end members 11a and llb at the circular cross-sectional portion of the original cut surface.

By joining the cross beam 2o made of a pipe member with a circular cross section via the opposing protrusions 13 of the side beam 10 manufactured in this way, the side beam 10 and the cross beam 20 are joined, and the bogie frame is completed. do.

The effects of the bogie frame and its manufacturing method according to this embodiment are as follows.

1) The same material pipe is cut into multiple parts and each part is shaped into a cross-sectional shape based on the design, and then rejoined at the original cut surfaces, so the dimensional accuracy of the joined parts is high and there is almost no misalignment. It is easy to join by welding, etc., and the joints are highly reliable.

2) The molded pipe member not only ensures the strength of the base material, but also has a curvature shape, so stress concentration due to the shape is alleviated.

3) The end portion of a bulge-formed pipe member is often thickened more than the original material pipe due to the axial compressive stress during bulge-forming.

Generally, the fatigue strength of a welded part is lower than that of the base metal, but since the joint part is thickened from its original thickness, the decrease in strength of the welded part can be compensated for by the thickening effect.

4) In general, bulged members undergo almost uniform plastic deformation and therefore have almost no residual stress.

Therefore, there is no decrease in strength due to residual stress.

5) Since the joint portion between the side beam 10 and the cross beam 20 is joined via the protruding portion 13, the joint portion can be released from the stress concentration area, and the strength and reliability of the joint portion is improved.

Next, both end members 11a of the side beam 10 shown in FIG.

The method for forming 11b will be explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing one embodiment of the method for manufacturing the end members of the side beam shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a front view showing another embodiment of the method for manufacturing the end members of the side beams shown in FIG.

The manufacturing method for the both end members shown in Fig. 4 is to install a raw material pipe with a circular cross section cut to a predetermined length in a mold with circular ends and an oval middle part, and then seal both ends of the raw material pipe. When internal pressure is applied to the material pipe and axial compressive stress is applied from both ends, the material pipe deforms plastically and expands into a circular cross-sectional shape at both ends and an oval cross-sectional shape at the center as shown in Figure 4. It is formed into a pipe member 11. Therefore, by cutting this pipe member 11 along a symmetrical plane that includes the original vibrator axis and two oblique surfaces, as shown by the arrow and the dashed line in the figure, one end has a circular cross-sectional shape. A pair of curved beam-shaped opposite end members 11a and llb whose other ends have a semicircular cross-section can be manufactured.

Both end members 11a manufactured by this method.

11b has the following advantages.

1) Processing efficiency is high because a pair (two) of both end members can be formed from one raw material pipe.

2) There is almost no waste of material pipes.

3) Both ends of the bulged pipe member are completely constrained by the mold, so dimensional accuracy is good.

4) The end portions of both end members 11a and llb are thickened from the original material pipe wall thickness due to the axial compressive stress during bulge forming, and the wall thickness increase is 5 to 15% of the original wall thickness. That's about it.

Therefore, as described above, the decrease in strength of the welded joints of the intermediate member 12, both end members 11a, and llb shown in FIG. 1 can be compensated for by the thickening effect.

Next, FIG. 5 shows another method of manufacturing one both-end member.

That is, after cutting a material pipe with a circular cross-sectional shape to a predetermined length, a curved beam-shaped pipe member 11' is formed by an appropriate method such as press bending, cold roll bending, hot roll bending, etc. Both end members 11a are manufactured by cutting the lower end portion 11c of the member 11' as shown in the arrows and dashed lines shown in the figure, if necessary.

Even when both end members manufactured in this manner are joined to an intermediate member, the same effects as in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 can be expected.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an intermediate member of a side beam of a bogie frame according to another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line AA' in FIG. 6, and FIG. 8 is a side beam of the side beam. It is a perspective view showing the reinforcing material of.

The side beam of the bogie frame in this example is manufactured from a material pipe with a rectangular cross section. First, one material pipe with a rectangular cross section is divided into multiple parts in the longitudinal direction, namely, one for the intermediate member and one for both ends. Cut into parts for each part.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the intermediate member 15 has an opening 16 formed on the side surface of a material pipe having a rectangular cross-sectional shape, and the opening 16 is enlarged by a paring process and extends outward from the side wall surface. This forms the protrusion 16a.

Since a pipe member with a rectangular cross-section has lower torsional rigidity than a pipe member with a circular cross-section, the eighth
Reinforce with reinforcing material as shown. That is, the four sides of the rectangular flat plate 17 are bent to provide bent portions 17a so that the inner dimensions of the intermediate member 15, which is a rectangular pipe, are slightly smaller, and the four corners are notched. Next, the rectangular flat plate 17 is inserted into the rectangular pipe, and the bent portion 17a and the pipe wall surface of the intermediate member 15 are joined by spot welding or arc welding.

On the other hand, although not shown here, the pair of both end members are manufactured by stretching or bending a cut material pipe with a rectangular cross section into a predetermined shape to form a curved beam shape.

A side beam is manufactured by welding and joining these intermediate member 15 and both end members at the rectangular cross-sectional portion of the original cut surface.

Opposing protrusions 1 of the side beams manufactured in this way
6a, a cross beam 20 made of a pipe member having a circular cross section is joined to complete the bogie frame as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG.

The bogie frame manufactured according to this embodiment can also be expected to have the same effects as the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 above.

Next, FIGS. 9 and 10 show still another embodiment of the present invention.
This will be explained with reference to the figures.

FIG. 9 is a front view showing a method for manufacturing both end members of a side beam of a bogie frame according to still another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is a front view showing a method for joining the both end members to an intermediate member. It is.

A single material pipe with a circular cross-section is cut into a plurality of parts in the longitudinal direction, that is, into parts for an intermediate member and parts for both end members.

The intermediate member 19 has a protrusion 19a shown in FIG. 10 formed on the side surface of a material pipe having a circular cross section by bulging or the like.

As shown in FIG. 9, both end members are made by expanding a material pipe by bulge processing so that both ends have a circular cross-sectional shape that can be overlapped with the circular outer periphery of the intermediate member 19, and the central part has an oval cross-sectional shape. A pair of end members 18a and 18b are manufactured by cutting the pipe member 18 along the cutting line indicated by the arrow and the dashed line in FIG.

Thereafter, both end members 18a are attached to the circular outer peripheral portions of both ends of the intermediate member 19, as shown by dashed lines in FIG.

A side beam is manufactured by overlapping one end of the semicircular cross-sectional shape of the members 18b and joining the overlapping portion by spot welding or arc welding.

A protrusion 19a formed on the side surface of the intermediate member 19
At this step, cross beams (not shown) are joined to complete the bogie frame.

The side beam manufactured by joining the end members 18a, 18b and the intermediate member 19 has a curved beam shape similar to the side beam shown in FIG. formed into something.

According to this embodiment, the same effects as those of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 can be expected, and the end member 18a.

Since the joint portion between 18b and the intermediate member 19 can be formed into an overlap joint, the joint portion can be easily processed, and dimensional accuracy is not required, so that manufacturing costs can be reduced.

In addition, since the end members 18a, 18b and the intermediate member 19 are joined in a one-overlap joint shape, methods other than welding such as adhesion, brazing, and bolt fastening may be used, and strength reduction due to welding and weld defects may occur. problems such as this can be resolved.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, in a railway vehicle bogie frame formed by combining side beams and cross beams, the surface shape of each part of the side beams can be easily formed by plastic working, and It is possible to provide a bogie frame for a railway vehicle and a method for manufacturing the same, which has a structure in which the dimensional accuracy of the joint part is good and the local stress of the joint part does not affect the strength of the structure.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a bogie frame according to an embodiment of the present invention, cut at a cross beam, FIG. 2 is an intermediate member of the side beam in FIG. 1, and (a) is a front view. , (b) is a side view, FIG. 3 shows both end members of the side beam in FIG. 1, (a) is a front view, (
b) is a side view, FIG. 4 is a front view showing one embodiment of the method for manufacturing both end members of the side beam shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. The front view, Figure 6, is
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an intermediate member in a side beam of a bogie frame according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a perspective view showing the reinforcing material for the side beam, FIG. 9 is a front view showing a method of manufacturing both end members of the side beam of a bogie frame according to still another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 11 is a front view showing the method of joining both end members to the intermediate member. FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a conventional bogie frame in which the side beams, cross beams, etc. are formed by press working. FIG. 12 is a front view showing the method of joining the end members to the intermediate member. Fig. 13 is a partial plan view including a partial cross section of a conventional bogie frame using pipe material, Fig. 13 is a side view of Fig. 12, and Fig. 14 is a side view of a commonly used air spring type bogie. It is a diagram. 10... Side beam, 11.11', 18... Pipe member, 11 a, 1 l b, 18 a, 1
8 b - Both end members. 12.15, 19... intermediate member, 13, 16a. 19a...Protrusion part, 20...Horizontal beam. Fig.1 and Fig.2

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a bogie frame for a railway vehicle that is composed of opposing side beams and a cross beam that connects these side beams, the side beam is formed by joining a plurality of pipe members to form a curved beam. 1. A bogie frame for a railway vehicle, characterized in that the frame is formed into a shape, and is constructed by joining cross beams made of pipe members via protrusions formed on opposing side surfaces of the side beams. 2. In a method of manufacturing a bogie frame for a railway vehicle in which opposing side beams are connected by a cross beam, the material pipe that is to form the side beam is cut into a plurality of parts, and each of these cut pipes is After forming each member into a predetermined beam shape and forming protrusions on the side surfaces of the side beams that should face each other, these formed pipe members are joined at their original cut surfaces to form curved beam-like sides. A method for manufacturing a bogie frame for a railway vehicle, characterized in that the bogie frame is formed by forming beams and joining cross beams made of pipe members to protruding portions of the opposing side beams. 3. In the method described in claim 2, the material pipe on which the side beams are to be formed has a circular cross-section, the material pipe is cut into a plurality of parts, one for the intermediate member and the other for both end members, and A protrusion was formed on the side of the material pipe for the member, and the material pipe for both end members was formed into a curved beam shape with one end to be joined to the intermediate member having a circular cross-section and the other end having a semi-circular cross-section. A method of manufacturing a bogie frame for a railway vehicle, wherein the intermediate member and the end members are later joined together at the circular cross-sectional portion of the original cut surface to form a side beam. 4. In the method described in claim 3, after expanding the material pipe for both end members into a circular cross-sectional shape at both ends and an oval cross-sectional shape at the center, the material pipe is aligned with the axis of the original material pipe. A bogie for a railway vehicle that is cut along a symmetrical plane including two oblique surfaces to form a pair of curved beam-shaped end members, one end of which has a circular cross-sectional shape and the other end a semicircular cross-sectional shape. How to make the frame. 5. In the method described in claim 2, the material pipe on which the side beams are to be formed has a circular cross-section, the material pipe is cut into a plurality of parts, one for the intermediate member and the other for both end members, and A protrusion is formed on the side surface of the material pipe for the member, and the material pipe for both end members is formed into a semicircular cross-sectional shape that allows at least the ends to overlap the circular outer periphery of both ends of the intermediate member. A method for manufacturing a bogie and a frame for a railway vehicle, in which a side beam is formed by joining both ends of the intermediate member in an overlapping state. 6. In the method described in claim 5, after expanding the material pipe for both end members into a circular cross-sectional shape at both ends and an oval cross-sectional shape at the center, the axis of the original material pipe is adjusted. A method of manufacturing a bogie frame for a railway vehicle, in which a pair of both end members are formed by cutting along a plane of symmetry including the frame. 7. In the method described in claim 2, the material pipe on which the side beam is to be formed has a rectangular cross-section, the material pipe is cut into a plurality of parts, one for the intermediate member and the other for both end members, and A protrusion is formed on the side surface of the material pipe for the member, and the material pipe for both end members is formed into a curved beam shape with one end having a rectangular cross section to be joined to the intermediate member, and then the intermediate member and the both ends are formed A method for manufacturing a bogie frame for a railway vehicle, in which a side beam is formed by joining members at a rectangular cross-sectional portion of an original cut surface.