JPS6158281B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a pressure forming apparatus for manufacturing a base material such as a tile, which has a raised part and a depressed part on the front or back side, and the raised part and the depressed part are connected by a step. .

For example, a tile base 1 shown in FIG. 1 has depressions 1a and 1a' in the surface area along the vicinity of two adjacent sides at the outer periphery, and the other surface area has a raised part 1b. A substantially square tile base 1, in which depressed parts 1a, 1a' and raised parts 1b are connected by steps 1c, 1c', is made of powdered clay between an upper mold 2 and a lower mold 3. Obtained by pressure molding. In this case, the lower surface of the upper mold 2 includes depressed portions 1a, 1a', raised portions 1b, and stepped portions 1c of the tile base 1.
1c' and convex planes 2a, 2a', respectively corresponding to
A concave plane 2b and slopes 2c, 2c' are formed on the upper surface of the lower mold 3, and lower planes 3a, 3a',
An upper plane 3b and slopes 3c, 3c' are formed. In addition, in this example, the convex plane 2a of the upper mold 2,
A stone grain pattern is applied to 2a', and the stone grain pattern is exposed in the depressed portions 1a, 1a' of the tile base 1.

The base material 1 as described above has conventionally been formed by the steps shown in FIGS. 2A to 2F. In FIG. 2, 4 is an upper mold ram to which the upper mold 2 is attached;
5 is a lower mold ram to which the lower mold 3 is attached. Lower mold 3
is fitted into the mold frame 6 and can be moved up and down within the mold frame 6 by the vertical movement of the lower mold ram 5. Reference numeral 7 denotes a bed, which is provided so that its upper surface is continuous with the upper surface of the formwork 6. Reference numeral 8 denotes a powder bowl, which moves forward and backward on a running path where the upper surface of the formwork 6 and the upper surface of the bed 7 are connected. In this specification, forward movement means that the powder bowl 8 moves to the left in the drawing, and backward movement refers to movement to the right. Similarly, "front" refers to the left side, and "rear" refers to the right side. Second
In Figure A, a powder mold body 8 is fully filled with powdered clay 9 supplied from a hopper of a clay supply device (not shown), and the fully loaded clay 9 is formed by a formwork 6 and a lower mold 3. It is shown moving forward to fill the filling space 10 that has been filled. B in the figure shows a state where the powder bowl 8 has reached just above the filling space 10 and the clay 9 has been transferred from the powder bowl 8 into the filling space 10. The top and bottom surfaces of the powder bowl 8 are both open, but since the powder bowl 8 is moved forward and backward by sliding on the running road surface, the fully loaded clay 9 is pushed into the powder bowl 8 while it is moving forward.
It won't spill out. C in the same figure shows the powder chamber 8 retreating after filling the filling space 10 with the clay 9. As shown in Figure C, the entire upper surface of the clay 9 is leveled to the same level as the upper surface of the formwork 6, but the lower surface has a level difference between the lower plane 3a and the upper plane 3b of the lower mold 3. , which causes the clay 9 to have different layer thicknesses. In this state, upper mold 2
When press-fitting into the filling space 10, the tile base 1 to be molded will have areas with uneven clay density. Tiles made from a tile base 1 with uneven clay density and then glazed and fired tend to have defects called cracks, which not only cause breakage but also cause uneven glazing. It also damages the surface quality. D in the same figure shows a state in which the filling clay 11 is replenished above the upper plane 3b in order to prevent such a problem from occurring. The apparent height of this filling clay 11 needs to be equal to the amount of step difference between the lower plane 3a and the upper plane 3b of the lower mold 3, and
It goes without saying that this is done by raising it above the level of the top surface. E in the same figure is
This figure shows a state in which the upper die 2 is pushed down and the convex plane 2a is about to be press-fitted into the filling space 10. However, since the outer edge of the concave plane 2b has an opening 12 between it and the upper surface of the formwork 6, a portion 11' of the previously replenished clay 11 flows through this opening 12 into the formwork 6. Sprays and scatters outside. F in the figure shows a state in which the upper mold 2 is press-fitted into the filling space 10. In this case, upper mold 2
The portion sandwiched between the concave plane 2b and the upper plane 3b of the lower mold 3 is the convex plane 2a and the lower plane 3a.
The density of the clay is lower by the amount of the scattered clay 11' than in the part sandwiched between the two. Therefore, defects in the molded tile base 1 remain unresolved, and the purpose of replenishing the clay 11 cannot be fully achieved. Furthermore, the filling work was done manually by timing the instantaneous timing when the upper die 2 moved up and down, making it extremely dangerous and also extremely difficult to properly adjust the amount of filling. Ta.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional art, and has the purpose of solving this problem.The present invention has been made with the aim of solving the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art. and a guide rail for opening and closing the opening/closing plate of the powder chamber along the travel path along which the powder chamber advances and retreats, and is provided with an opening/closing plate that vertically opens and closes the lower front side of the frontmost section in the box assembly. The main feature is that a shielding plate is vertically movable on the side surface of the upper mold and that shields a necessary lower side of the upper mold.

The present invention will be described below based on embodiments shown in the drawings. FIG. 3 is an overall schematic perspective view of the pressure molding apparatus (hereinafter referred to as the present apparatus) according to the present invention. In the figure, 6 is a formwork, and 7 is a bed provided so that its upper surface is continuous with the upper surface of the formwork 6. Reference numeral 8 denotes a powder bowl, which moves forward and backward on the running road surface formed by the installation of the mold 6 and the bed 7 toward the upper part of the filling space 10 formed in the mold 6. do. 30 is a driving cylinder for moving the powder barrel 8 forward and backward, and its rod is connected to the powder barrel 8. Reference numeral 31 denotes a hopper for supplying clay, and the clay 9 prepared inside the hopper is supplied into the mold assembly of the powder bowl 8 when the powder bowl 8 retreats and reaches a position directly below it. . Reference numeral 2 denotes an upper mold, which is attached to an upper mold ram 4 that moves up and down, and is press-fitted into the filling space 10 as indicated by the white arrow. Although the lower mold is omitted in FIG. 3, it is fitted into the filling space 10 of the formwork 6, is supported by a lower mold ram (not shown), and is provided to be movable up and down within the filling space 10. There is. Characteristic features of this device include the structure of the powder chamber 8;
The guide rail 19 is provided on the upper surface of the formwork 6 and the shielding plate 23 is provided on the side surface of the upper mold 2. These matters will be explained in order below.

The main body of the powder chamber 8 is formed by side wall plates 8a, 8a.
and a rear wall plate 8b. The outer width of the powder bowl 8 is slightly larger than the inner width of the filling space 10. The inside of the framework is divided into three compartments, and these compartments are partitioned by partition plates 13, 13 provided perpendicular to the moving direction in which the powder bowl 8 moves forward and backward. The partition plates 13, 13 serve to distribute the clay 9 into the filling space 10 as uniformly as possible in the front-back direction, and the more partitions are installed, the more effective results can be expected. .
In this embodiment, two partition plates 13, 13 are provided to form three partitions within the framework. Partition board 1
3 and 13 are provided with notches 14 and 14 on their lower sides.
When supplying the clay 9 into the filling space 10, the notches 14, 14 are arranged so that the clay 9 is placed above the level of the upper surface of the formwork 6.
It was provided to serve as an accompaniment. That is, the partition plates 13,1
The lower side of 3 functions to scrape off excess clay 9 to align the top surface of the filled clay 9 with the top surface of the formwork 6 when the powder mold body 8 retreats. At this time, the notches 14, 14 leave an uncut portion above the level of the upper surface of the formwork 6, so the amount of the notches regulates the amount of the filling clay 11. In this example, since it was decided to mold the same shape as the tile base 1 shown in FIG.
Although the notch 14 is provided on the left side in the direction of movement, it is provided at an appropriate location depending on the shape of the base material, and the amount of the notch is appropriately determined depending on the amount of clay to be added. In addition, in order to correspond to changes in the shape of the material to be molded, various partition plates 13, 13 are prepared with different positions and amounts of notches 14, 14, and an appropriate one is selected and the powder chamber is It would be convenient if it could be reattached to the body 8. In addition, the powder chamber 8 is provided with a partition plate 1 without notches 14, 14 as necessary.
3 and 13 can also be installed. An opening/closing plate 15 that can move in the vertical direction is provided on the front surface of the foremost section within the framework. When it moves upward, the lower side of the frontmost section becomes open, and when it moves downward, it becomes closed. In order to move the opening/closing plate 15 up and down smoothly, bar pieces 16, 16 are protruded from both sides of the opening/closing plate 15, and guide grooves 18, 1 in the same direction are provided at the front ends of the side wall plates 8a, 8a.
The guide pieces 17, 17 provided with the guide pieces 17, 17 are set upright, and the rod pieces 16, 16 are loosely fitted into the guide grooves 18, 18 of the guide pieces 17, 17. Opening/closing plate 15
is in a closed state when the powder chamber 8 moves forward,
When the upper surface of the formwork 6 is retreated, it is assumed that it is in an open state. Guide rails 19, 19 open and close this opening/closing plate 15.

The main parts of the guide rails 19, 19 are made of angle members having an L-shaped cross section, and these two angle members are installed along both sides of the running path on the upper surface of the formwork 6. At this time, the front ends of the guide rails 19, 19 are positioned in front of the front edge of the filling space 10,
The rear end shall be aligned with the rear limit position of the embankment. The two angle members used for the guide rails 19, 19 have one side of each standing upright, and the other sides facing each other horizontally inward of the running path, and are connected to the horizontal plates 19a, 19a. do. The height of the opposing horizontal plates 19a, 19a is set higher than the height of the rod pieces 16, 16 when the opening/closing plate 15 is closed. This height amount is 1
Determined by the maximum addition amount of 1. At the front end portions of the horizontal plates 19a, 19a in the guide rails 19, 19, flaps 21, 21 joined by hinges 20, 20 are provided. Flatspa 21, 21
The front end of the powder bowl 8 shall be in contact with the top surface of the formwork 6 or shall be slightly floating.
It shall be ensured that it does not jump up excessively due to the impulse of moving forward at high speed. For this purpose, it is preferable to screw upper and lower positioning nuts onto the stoppers 22, 22 erected on the upper surface of the formwork 6, and to engage the front ends of the flappers 21, 21 with these nuts.

A shielding plate 23 is installed on the side surface of the upper mold 2. This embodiment uses the upper die 2 for molding the tile base 1 shown in FIG. A shielding plate 23 is provided over two sides 2d and 2e corresponding to the figure.
As described above, the position where the shielding plate 23 is provided is selected depending on the shape of the base material to be molded, particularly the required side surface corresponding to the position where the raised portion is provided. The shielding plate 23 is the upper mold 2
It is vertically movably mounted on a support frame 24 attached to the side surfaces 2d and 2e of. FIG. 4 shows a partially sectional view of the vertically installed state of the shielding plate 23.
As shown in the figure, the support frame 24 is attached to the upper edge of the side surface of the upper mold 2 with fixing bolts 25 or the like. The support frame 24 is formed using an angle material or the like, and a hole 27 is bored in a laterally projecting portion thereof, and a hanging bolt 26 is loosely fitted into this hole 27. The upper edge of the shielding plate 23 is a bent portion 23a, and this bent portion 23a is fixed to the lower end of a hanging bolt 26 loosely fitted to the support frame 24. This fixing is performed via a coil spring 28 fitted to the shaft portion of the hanging bolt 26. A long hole 23b in the rigid direction is bored in the hanging portion of the shielding plate 23, and a headed pin 29 implanted in the side surface of the upper mold 2 is fitted into the long hole 23b. Since the shielding plate 23 is vertically installed as described above, the coil spring 2
8, but when an upward force is applied to its lower edge, it is guided within the elongated hole 23b and lifted upward.

This device has the above configuration, but
Next, the operation of forming a tile base using this apparatus will be explained in detail with reference to the steps shown in FIGS. 5A to 5I. A in the figure shows the powder box 8 filled with clay 9 moving forward on the upper surface of the bed 7 and about to enter the area of the formwork 6. Clay 9 filled within the framework of powder container 8
The amount is the amount of the internal volume of the filling space 10 plus the clay for filling. At this time, the opening/closing plate 15 is in a closed state. In B of the same figure, the powder chamber 8 moves forward and most of it reaches above the filling space 10, and the clay 9 that was filled in the framework is poured into the filling space 10 one after another, starting from the one in the front section. It shows where it is. In this case, the bar pieces 16 protruding on both sides of the opening/closing plate 15 are the horizontal plates 19a of the guide rails 19.
It is located below. Note that FIG. 5 shows the case where the first tile base is molded at the start of work, but when molding the tile base from the second time onward, the previously molded tile base is placed on the lower mold ram 5. Since it is lifted above the upper surface of the formwork 6 by the lifting drive, the molded tile base is pushed forward by the opening/closing plate 15 as the powder chamber 8 moves forward. C in the figure shows a state where the powder bowl 8 has moved further and the front half of the foremost section has exceeded the position of the filling space 10. At this time,
A bar piece 16 of the opening/closing plate 15 lifts up the flapper 21 from below. Most of the clay 9 in the powder box 8 is transferred to the filling space 10, and the clay 11 is about to be heaped above the level of the upper surface of the formwork 6. D in the figure shows the powder bowl 8 having moved forward to the extreme position of its forward stroke and then retreating slightly. In this case, the front end of the flapper 21 comes off the rod piece 16 of the opening/closing plate 15 and returns to its original position lower than the horizontal plate 19a due to its own weight. Then, the rear wall plate 8b of the powder chamber 8 is attached to the lower mold 3.
It is located above the slope 3c that forms the boundary between the lower plane 3a and the upper plane 3b, and limits the area of the embankment clay 11. E in the figure shows the powder bowl 8 continuing its backward movement. In this case, the bar piece 16 of the opening/closing plate 15 is lifted upward along the upper surface of the inclined flapper 21, and the lower side of the opening/closing plate 15 is opened to a position approximately at the same height as the top surface of the filler clay 11. It is becoming a state. The lower sides of the notches 14, 14 of the partition plates 13, 13 are leveled to make the height of the clay 11 even. F in the figure shows the state where the rear half of the powder bowl 8 has retreated to the point where it escapes from the region of the filling space 10. Opening/closing plate 1
The rod piece 16 of No. 5 is the horizontal plate 19a of the guide rail 19.
It moves along the upper surface, and the lower side of the opening/closing plate 15 is in the most open state, so that it does not scrape the filling clay 11. The lower sides of the notches 14, 14 of the partition plates 13, 13 are in a state where the upper surface of the filling clay 11 is completely leveled. At this time, the upper surface of the clay 9 above the lower plane 3a of the lower die 3 is leveled by the rear wall plate 8b of the powder bowl 8 to be at the same level as the upper surface of the formwork 6. G in the figure shows a state where the entire powder bowl 8 has retreated to a position where it has completely escaped from the upper surface position of the filling space 10. Then, the bar piece 16 of the opening/closing plate 15 has already come off the horizontal plate 19a of the guide rail 19, and the opening/closing plate 1
5 is lowered by its own weight, and its lower side is completely closed between the running road surfaces, delimiting the rear limit of the auxiliary clay 11, and leveling the upper surface of the clay beyond that point. be. H in the figure shows a state in which the upper mold ram 4 is driven downward and the upper mold 2 is about to be press-fitted into the filling space 10 filled with clay 9. At this time, the lower side of the shielding plate 23 vertically provided on the side surface of the upper mold 2 is in contact with the upper surface of the mold 6. Therefore, the opening that conventionally existed between the peripheral edge of the concave plane 2b of the upper mold 2 and the upper surface of the formwork 6 is shielded by the shielding plate 23, and a filling space filled with the clay 9 is created. 10 is sealed from the outside world. I in the figure shows a state in which the upper mold 2 is press-fitted into the filling space 10 under a predetermined pressure. Since the upper mold 2 is press-fitted into the filling space 10 while it is sealed from the outside world, the clay 9
does not dissipate outside the filling space 10, and is therefore compressed uniformly throughout, making it possible to form a tile base with uniform clay density. After the molding pressurization is completed, new clay is supplied to the powder chamber 8, the upper mold ram 4 is driven upward, the upper mold 2 escapes from the filling space 10, and the lower mold 3 is moved downward. The molded tile base is raised by the mold ram 5 and lifted onto the upper surface of the mold 6. At this time, the powder bowl 8 filled with new clay moves forward again and pushes the tile base forward into the filling space 10. After that, repeat the process described above.

As described above, the present apparatus has the following effects when pressure forming a base material such as a tile which has concave portions and raised portions that are continuous via a step on the front and/or back surfaces.

Since the addition of clay is automatically carried out during the process of advancing and retracting the powder cylinder, the work efficiency is greatly improved.

Adding clay is safe because it does not require any manual labor.

Since the amount of clay added is always uniform and appropriate, a base with uniform clay density can be obtained, and tiles etc. obtained by applying glaze to this base and firing will be free from cracking. Not in good quality.

Since the added clay does not dissipate during pressure molding, the yield of clay is improved.

The above description has been made using, as an example, a tile base 1 having a shape such as that shown in FIG. 1, but the base to be molded is not limited to such a shape. Regarding the guide rail 19, the position of the flapper 21 may be changed or the flapper 21 may be provided at a plurality of locations, and the partition plate 13 of the powder chamber 8 may be
By changing the number, the position of the notch 14, and the amount of the notch, elements of various shapes can be formed. Therefore, its application range is extremely wide.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a tile base, which is an example of a molding object, and an upper mold and a lower mold used for molding the tile base,
2A to 2F are schematic cross-sectional views showing the molding process using a conventional pressure molding device, FIG. 3 is an overall perspective view of the pressure molding device according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a shield provided on the upper mold. FIGS. 5A to 5I are partial sectional views showing how the plate is attached, and schematic sectional views showing the forming process using the pressure forming apparatus according to the present invention. 1... Tile base, 2... Upper mold, 3... Lower mold, 4... Upper mold ram, 5... Lower mold ram, 6... Formwork, 7... Bed,
8... Powder cylinder, 9... Clay, 10... Filling space, 11...
Adding clay, 12... Opening, 13... Division plate, 14... Notch, 15... Opening/closing plate, 16... Bar piece, 17... Guide piece, 18... Guide groove, 19... Guide rail, 21...
flapper, 23...shielding plate, 24...support frame, 26...
Hanging bolt, 28...Coil spring, 29...Pin, 3
0...Cylinder, 31...Hotsupa.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A lower mold fitted into a formwork, an upper mold provided so as to be movable up and down to be press-fitted into a space filled with powdered clay pressurized by the formwork and the lower mold; A powder bowl is provided so as to be movable forward and backward on a running path connected to the upper surface of the formwork in order to supply clay to the filling space, and a part of the lower side is cut out in the framework of the powder bowl. A partition plate is provided perpendicular to the movement direction, and an opening/closing plate is provided for vertically opening and closing the lower front side of the frontmost compartment in the masugumi, and the opening/closing plate is operated along the running path. A pressure molding apparatus characterized in that a guide rail is provided to extend, and a shielding plate for shielding a necessary lower side of the upper mold is vertically movable on a side surface of the upper mold.