JPS6141761A - Method for partially hardening surface of carbon steel - Google Patents
Method for partially hardening surface of carbon steelInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6141761A JPS6141761A JP16071084A JP16071084A JPS6141761A JP S6141761 A JPS6141761 A JP S6141761A JP 16071084 A JP16071084 A JP 16071084A JP 16071084 A JP16071084 A JP 16071084A JP S6141761 A JPS6141761 A JP S6141761A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- carbon steel
- carbide
- metal
- hardening
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
この発明は炭素鋼の部分表面硬化処理法に関するもので
ある。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for partially surface hardening carbon steel.
従来、炭素鋼に対して部分的に表面硬化処理をほどこす
方法として、炭素鋼に対しセラミック、たとえばアルミ
ナをコーティングして硬化処理すべき部分を除きマスキ
ングした状態で炭素鋼に対しクロム、バナジウム、チタ
ンなどの金ｆｉ 炭化物による部分表面硬化処理をほど
こす方法、あるいは炭素鋼の全面に金属炭化物による硬
化処理層を形成後、必要な部分を残して硬化処理層を研
削する方法などがとられている。Conventionally, as a method of partially applying surface hardening treatment to carbon steel, the carbon steel is coated with ceramic, such as alumina, and then the carbon steel is coated with chromium, vanadium, Methods include applying partial surface hardening treatment using gold fi carbide such as titanium, or forming a hardening layer using metal carbide on the entire surface of carbon steel, and then grinding the hardened layer leaving only the necessary areas. There is.
このような従来方法において、前者の方法ではセラミッ
クを部分的に被覆するので手間がかかり大量処理が困難
であり、さらに精密小部品では被覆精度が出しずらいと
いう欠点があり、また後工程で焼入れ・焼戻しを必要と
する場合において、炭素鋼の表面をセラミックが覆って
いるので、セラミックと母材の炭素鋼の熱膨張・収縮率
が大きく興なることに起因する熱変形・割れが生じるお
それがあった。後者の方法をとった場合においては、硬
化処理後の研削では、母材を損傷するおそれがあり、ま
た精密小部品では研削そのものが困難であるという欠点
があった。In these conventional methods, the former method involves partially coating the ceramic, which is time-consuming and difficult to process in large quantities.Furthermore, it is difficult to achieve coating accuracy for small precision parts, and it also requires quenching in the post-process.・When tempering is required, since the surface of carbon steel is covered with ceramic, there is a risk of thermal deformation and cracking due to the large thermal expansion and contraction rates of the ceramic and the base material carbon steel. there were. When the latter method is adopted, the grinding after the hardening treatment has the disadvantage that there is a risk of damaging the base material, and that the grinding itself is difficult for small precision parts.
この発明にこうした従来例における欠点を解決した新た
な処理法を提供するものである。The present invention provides a new processing method that solves the drawbacks of the conventional methods.
つぎに本発明について説明する。Next, the present invention will be explained.
本発明によれば、炭素鋼に素地を部分的に露出させて金
属被覆膜を設け、上記炭素鋼の素地の露出した部分に金
属炭化物硬化処理層を形成することを特徴とする炭素鋼
の部分表面硬化処理法が提供される〇
本発明においては、まず炭素鋼に対し金属被覆膜を設け
る。この金属被覆膜は後工程で金属炭化物層を形成する
際のマスクの役割をするものであものであることが必要
である。According to the present invention, the carbon steel is characterized in that a metal coating film is provided on the carbon steel by partially exposing the base, and a metal carbide hardened layer is formed on the exposed portion of the base of the carbon steel. In the present invention, a partial surface hardening treatment method is provided, first, a metal coating film is provided on carbon steel. This metal coating film serves as a mask when a metal carbide layer is formed in a subsequent process, and therefore it is necessary that it be of a certain quality.
（、） 金属炭化物層形成時に発生するハロゲン化金
属よりも゛不安定なハロゲン化金属を生成する金属であ
ること◇
すなわち下式において反応が右へ進行しなければよい
Ｘ Ｏｎ２ ＋’ｌ ＠ →ｘ＋ ？ ｅ Ｏ１２Ｘ
は金属炭化物を形成すべき粉末金属元素である０
（６） 後工程で金属炭化物層形成の際、加熱処理を
するのでその処理温度より融点の高い金属であること。(,) The metal must produce a metal halide that is more unstable than the metal halide generated during the formation of the metal carbide layer◇ In other words, in the following equation, the reaction should not proceed to the right.X On2 +'l @ → x+? e O12X
is a powdered metal element that is to form a metal carbide.0 (6) Since heat treatment is performed in the subsequent process to form a metal carbide layer, the metal must have a melting point higher than the treatment temperature.
（６） 炭素との結合力の弱い金属であること０（ｄ
） 母材金属の炭素鋼と密着性が良好であること０
以上の条件を満足するものとして銅、ニッケル、コバル
トがある。(6) Be a metal with a weak bonding force with carbon0(d
) Must have good adhesion to the base metal carbon steel. Copper, nickel, and cobalt satisfy the above conditions.
これら金属による被覆膜は軍属でもよいし、二種以上を
積層させてもよい。これら鋼、ニッケル、コバルトの中
、炭素鋼との密着性の点では銅がすぐれているので実用
的には銅を用いる・しかし、他方、ニッケル、コバルト
は、クロマイジング処理などにおいて、クロムと結合し
やすく鉄、クロムの反応を阻止する作用をする。そこで
炭素鋼の上に鋼を被覆した上にニッケル、またはコバル
トを被覆すればよい。被覆膜の厚さは、鋼の単層の場合
は１５μ倶以上は必要である・それより薄いと鋼が鉄と
相互に拡散して表面の鋼が少くなり硬化層が形成されて
しまうおそれがある＠炭素鋼に対する金属被覆膜は全面
に設けるのではなく、後で金属炭化物硬化処理すべき部
分は炭素鋼の素地を露出させる。その方法としては、あ
らかじめ部分メッキをおこなうか、メッキ後必要な部分
を剥離、研削するか、さらにはへ高精度のパターンを必
要とする場合はフォトリソグラフによりてもよい０まだ
被覆手段として、メッキ以外のものとして真空蒸着、ま
たはスパッタリングなどの方法を用いてもよいことはい
うまでもない◇炭素鋼の素地が露出した部分に施こす金
属炭化物硬化処理は従来知られているものでよく、炭化
クロム、炭化バナジウム、炭化チタン、炭化汗オプなど
が用いられる〇
つぎに本発明に関してなした実験例を説明する。The coating film made of these metals may be military-grade, or two or more kinds may be laminated. Among these steels, nickel, and cobalt, copper has excellent adhesion with carbon steel, so copper is used practically.However, on the other hand, nickel and cobalt combine with chromium during chromizing treatment etc. It easily acts to block the reaction of iron and chromium. Therefore, carbon steel may be coated with steel and then nickel or cobalt may be coated. The thickness of the coating film needs to be at least 15 μm in the case of a single layer of steel. If it is thinner than that, there is a risk that the steel will diffuse into the iron, reducing the amount of steel on the surface and forming a hardened layer. For carbon steel, the metal coating film is not provided on the entire surface, but the base of the carbon steel is exposed in the areas that will be later treated with metal carbide hardening. The method is to perform partial plating in advance, peel off and grind the necessary parts after plating, or even use photolithography if a high-precision pattern is required. It goes without saying that other methods such as vacuum evaporation or sputtering may also be used. ◇The metal carbide hardening treatment applied to the exposed portion of the carbon steel base may be any conventionally known method. Chromium, vanadium carbide, titanium carbide, carbide carbide, etc. are used.Next, experimental examples carried out in connection with the present invention will be explained.
本発明についてなした実験例について説明する◇板厚α
３謡の炭素工具鋼５Ｋ−５材を用い、第１図示のプリン
タの印字ハンマ１を作成してこれにつぎのメッキ処理を
施した◎
試料人・・・・・・銅メッキを１０μｍの厚さで設けた
。An example of an experiment conducted regarding the present invention will be explained.◇Plate thickness α
The printing hammer 1 of the printer shown in the first figure was made using 5K-5 carbon tool steel material, and the following plating treatment was applied to it.◎ Sample person: Copper plating with a thickness of 10 μm It was set up.
試料Ｂ・・・・・・鋼メッキを１５μｍの厚さで設けた
。Sample B: Steel plating was provided with a thickness of 15 μm.
試料Ｃ・・・・・・銅メッキを２０μｍの厚さで設けた
。Sample C: Copper plating was provided with a thickness of 20 μm.
試料Ｄ・・・・・・銅メッキを１５μｍの厚さ、で設け
た。Sample D: Copper plating was provided with a thickness of 15 μm.
上にニッケルメッキを１μｍ重ねて設けた。Nickel plating was provided on top with an overlap of 1 μm.
これら試料Ａ −Ｄの各印字ハンマ１の印字面２のメッ
キを研削して除去した。つぎにこれら試料に対し炭化ク
ロム被覆処理をおこなりた。クロム供給源として２００
メツシユクロム粉、緩衝材として酸化アルミニウム、触
媒として塩化アンモニウムを重量比で５０：４８：２の
割合で混合した処理粉中に上記試料Ａ −Ｄを埋没し、
アルゴン雰囲気中で加熱した。銅の融点は１０８４．５
℃なので加熱条件１０２０℃、２時間でおこなった。The plating on the printing surface 2 of each printing hammer 1 of these samples A to D was removed by grinding. Next, these samples were coated with chromium carbide. 200 as a source of chromium
The above samples A to D are buried in treated powder mixed with mesh chrome powder, aluminum oxide as a buffer material, and ammonium chloride as a catalyst in a weight ratio of 50:48:2,
Heated in an argon atmosphere. The melting point of copper is 1084.5
℃, the heating conditions were 1020℃ for 2 hours.
処理後の各試料に対してｘ１１回折を行ったところ、試
料Ａでは鋼メッキを１０μｍはどこした部分においても
炭化クロム、主として０ｒ２３Ｇ６が形成されているこ
とが確認され、表面の銅は少量しか残存していなかった
。これは飼メッキの厚さが不足しているため銅と鉄とか
相互拡散して鋼の被覆膜がなくなり、鉄中の炭素がクロ
ムと反応するにいたるからである。When x11 diffraction was performed on each sample after treatment, it was confirmed that in sample A, chromium carbide, mainly 0r23G6, was formed wherever the steel plating was removed by 10 μm, and only a small amount of copper remained on the surface. I hadn't. This is because the thickness of the feed plating is insufficient, so copper and iron diffuse into each other, causing the steel coating to disappear, and the carbon in the iron to react with chromium.
試料Ｂおよび試料Ｃでは、銅メッキが完全に残っており
、炭化クロムの検出はなかった０まだ印字面２には主成
分Ｏｒ、、Ｏ，の炭化クロム被覆層が１２±２μの厚さ
で得られ、ビッカース硬度１’６００〜１８００Ｈマと
良好であった・
試料りでは、ニッケルメッキをほどこした最表層のニッ
ケルにクロムが固容して、その下に銅メッキ層が完全に
残っていた。印字面２の炭化クロム層の形成は上記試料
Ｂ、Ｏの場合と同様であった。試料りのメッキをほどこ
した部分の断面をみると第２図において母材の炭素鋼３
の上に銅メッキ層４が完全に残っており、その上にニッ
ケル・クロム固容体ＪＷｓが２〜３μｍ程度形成されて
いる。これは、ニッケルがクロムを取り込む役目をし、
り゛ロムと炭素の反応に対し保護膜として働くと考えら
れる０第６図は第２図の状態を示すＸ線回折図である◇
以上の実験例より、銅だけで表面被覆膜をなす場合には
１５μｍ以上の厚さが必要であり、下地に鋼を設けてそ
の上にニッケルまたはコバルトを設ける場合はより良好
な結果となることがわかる〇上記試料Ｂ、Ｃ，Ｄを焼入
れし、４００力、１５分の焼戻しを実施したところ、母
材内部においては正常な焼入れ組織が得られ、内部のピ
ンカース硬度４００〜５００ＨＶと強度な靭性が得られ
た。これは金属炭化物部分被覆処理において、銅が炭素
の拡散を防止し、炭素鋼内部の炭素が保持されているた
めである。すなわち、炭素鋼に対する金属炭化物被覆部
分が小さい場合は、炭素鋼の特性は維持されているもの
である。In Samples B and C, the copper plating remained completely, and no chromium carbide was detected. 0 Still, on the printing surface 2, there was a chromium carbide coating layer of main components Or, , O, with a thickness of 12 ± 2μ. The obtained material had a good Vickers hardness of 1'600 to 1800H. In the sample, chromium was solidified in the outermost layer of nickel plated, and the copper plating layer remained completely underneath. . The formation of the chromium carbide layer on the printing surface 2 was the same as in the case of Samples B and O described above. When looking at the cross section of the plated part of the sample, Figure 2 shows that the base material carbon steel 3
The copper plating layer 4 remains completely on top of the copper plating layer 4, and a nickel-chromium solid body JWs of about 2 to 3 μm is formed thereon. This is because nickel plays a role in capturing chromium,
It is thought that copper acts as a protective film against the reaction between copper and carbon. Figure 6 is an X-ray diffraction diagram showing the state shown in Figure 2. From the above experimental examples, it is clear that copper alone forms a surface coating film. In some cases, a thickness of 15 μm or more is required, and it can be seen that better results are obtained when steel is provided as a base and nickel or cobalt is provided on top of it.〇The above samples B, C, and D are quenched, When tempering was performed at 400 force for 15 minutes, a normal hardened structure was obtained inside the base metal, and strong toughness with an internal Pinkers hardness of 400 to 500 HV was obtained. This is because in the metal carbide partial coating treatment, copper prevents carbon diffusion and retains the carbon inside the carbon steel. That is, when the metal carbide coating portion of carbon steel is small, the characteristics of carbon steel are maintained.
上述の構成よりなる本発明によれば、炭素鋼に対する部
分表面硬化処理を迅速に行うことができ・また母材のマ
スキングが金属によりなされているので、母材の割れ、
変形を少くすることかでき、また必要部分のみが炭化物
被覆されて他の部分は金属で被覆されているので後加工
における他部品との接合、とくにロウ接合が容易になる
。According to the present invention configured as described above, it is possible to quickly perform partial surface hardening treatment on carbon steel, and since the base material is masked with metal, cracks in the base material,
Deformation can be reduced, and since only the necessary parts are coated with carbide and the other parts are coated with metal, joining with other parts in post-processing, especially brazing, becomes easier.
【図面の簡単な説明】
図面は本発明の詳細な説明図で、第１図は印字ハンマの
斜視図、第２図は表面硬化処理部分の断面図、第３図は
第２図の断面部分のＸＳ回析図である。
以 上[Brief Description of the Drawings] The drawings are detailed explanatory diagrams of the present invention, in which Figure 1 is a perspective view of a printing hammer, Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a surface hardened portion, and Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 2. It is an XS diffraction diagram of. that's all
Claims (5)
設け、上記炭素鋼の素地の露出した部分に金属炭化物硬
化処理層を形成することを特徴とする炭素鋼の部分表面
硬化処理法。(1) Partial surface hardening of carbon steel, characterized in that a metal coating film is provided on a partially exposed base of carbon steel, and a metal carbide hardening treatment layer is formed on the exposed portion of the base of carbon steel. Processing method.
またはこれらを積層したものよりなる特許請求の範囲第
１項の炭素鋼の部分表面硬化処理法。(2) The method for partial surface hardening of carbon steel according to claim 1, wherein the metal coating film is made of copper, nickel, cobalt, or a laminate thereof.
で設けたものである特許請求の範囲第２項の炭素鋼の部
分表面硬化処理法。(3) The method for partial surface hardening of carbon steel according to claim 2, wherein the metal coating film is copper plated with a thickness of 15 μm or more.
またはコバルトメッキを積層したものである特許請求の
範囲第２項の炭素鋼の部分表面硬化処理法。(4) The method for partial surface hardening treatment of carbon steel according to claim 2, wherein the metal coating film is a layered layer of nickel plating or cobalt plating on top of copper plating.
ジウム炭化物、チタンカーバイト、またはニオブカーバ
イトよりなる特許請求の範囲第１項の炭素鋼の部分表面
硬化処理法。(5) The method for partial surface hardening of carbon steel according to claim 1, wherein the metal carbide hardening layer is made of chromium carbide, vanadium carbide, titanium carbide, or niobium carbide.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16071084A JPS6141761A (en) | 1984-07-31 | 1984-07-31 | Method for partially hardening surface of carbon steel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16071084A JPS6141761A (en) | 1984-07-31 | 1984-07-31 | Method for partially hardening surface of carbon steel |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6141761A true JPS6141761A (en) | 1986-02-28 |
| JPS6362590B2 JPS6362590B2 (en) | 1988-12-02 |
Family
ID=15720793
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16071084A Granted JPS6141761A (en) | 1984-07-31 | 1984-07-31 | Method for partially hardening surface of carbon steel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6141761A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007038250A (en) * | 2005-08-02 | 2007-02-15 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Die for forging and producing method therefor |
| JP2007038249A (en) * | 2005-08-02 | 2007-02-15 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Die for forging and producing method therefor |
| KR100820216B1 (en) * | 2007-06-05 | 2008-04-08 | 이정걸 | The process of the partial gilting for back ferrule |
| US9611412B2 (en) | 2009-02-11 | 2017-04-04 | Element Six (Production) (Pty) Ltd | Process for coating diamond with refractory metal carbide and metal |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5186031A (en) * | 1975-01-25 | 1976-07-28 | Kyozo Aryama | Dotetsu nitsukerutetsugokinsoyorino datsudo datsunitsukeruhoho |
-
1984
- 1984-07-31 JP JP16071084A patent/JPS6141761A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5186031A (en) * | 1975-01-25 | 1976-07-28 | Kyozo Aryama | Dotetsu nitsukerutetsugokinsoyorino datsudo datsunitsukeruhoho |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007038250A (en) * | 2005-08-02 | 2007-02-15 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Die for forging and producing method therefor |
| JP2007038249A (en) * | 2005-08-02 | 2007-02-15 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Die for forging and producing method therefor |
| KR100820216B1 (en) * | 2007-06-05 | 2008-04-08 | 이정걸 | The process of the partial gilting for back ferrule |
| US9611412B2 (en) | 2009-02-11 | 2017-04-04 | Element Six (Production) (Pty) Ltd | Process for coating diamond with refractory metal carbide and metal |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6362590B2 (en) | 1988-12-02 |
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