JPS61254219A - Apparatus for removing co2 - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To always recover high purity CO2, by providing a CO2 detection sensor in an adsorbing tank and controlling an automatic change-over value for changing over the flowing of CO2-containing gas to the adsorbing tank and the supply of substitution gas thereto by the detection signal of said sensor. CONSTITUTION:At first, air is passed through an adsorbing tank 1 to adsorb CO2 and steam is introduced into an adsorbing tank 2 to desorb CO2. At this time, the rising in the temp. of steam is detected by the CO2 temp. detection sensor 10 of the adsorbing tank 2 and a control signal is sent to an automatic change-over signal from a controller on the basis of the detection signal of said sensor 10 and the adsorbing tank 1 enters a desorbing state while the adsorbing tank 2 enters an adsorbing state. When a CO2 concn. detector 7 detects CO2 in this state, a detection signal is sent to the controller and a signal is outputted from the controller to control the automatic change-over valve and CO2 is recovered in a CO2 recovery tank 6'. By this method, the adsorbing tanks are successively changed over.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial application field) The present invention is applicable to a closed space 2 such as a space station.

This relates to COt removal equipment used in submarines, life science laboratories, etc.

(Prior art) Conventional CO□ (carbon dioxide) removal equipment uses adsorbents such as amine-based ion exchange resins and activated carbon to desorb CO□ from gas, and then flows water vapor through the adsorbent. CO2 is separated and recovered from the same adsorbent, and CO2 in the air is continuously adsorbed to the adsorbent, and CO2 adsorbed to the adsorbent is continuously desorbed and recovered from the adsorbent. for.

The switching valve is switched by a timer so that multiple adsorption tanks can be used alternately.

(Problem that the invention attempts to solve) Switch the switching valve using the timer as described above.

When using multiple adsorption tanks alternately, CO in the treated air
If the zyM degree changes or the adsorption temperature or air temperature changes, the amount of CO adsorbed to the adsorbent and the amount of CO2 desorbed and recovered from the adsorbent will also change.

Impurities other than O2 should be collected at the same time or 02 should be collected twice.
This results in the inconvenience that some of the materials may remain uncollected. This point will be specifically explained with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the desorption action in the adsorption tank when CO□ is desorbed from the adsorbent by water vapor, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the behavior of gas such as Cot at the outlet of the adsorption tank. As shown in Figure 3, when water vapor (c) is supplied to the adsorbent (b) in the adsorption tank (a) that has adsorbed CO, the water vapor (c) condenses at a thickness ΔZ, and COz replaces water,
CO□ is desorbed from the adsorbent (b), and the CO□ is desorbed from the adsorbent (b) on the downstream side.
).

gradually become concentrated. Therefore, the behavior of gases such as CO2 at the outlet of the adsorption tank (a) becomes as shown in FIG.

In order to recover high-purity CO□, timing is key.
Switch the switching valve for the time t + '= tz and CO
It is necessary to collect □. However, the flow rate pattern shown in Figure 3 is due to the change in operating conditions mentioned above.

Not constant. That is, when the adsorption amount of COt is small (when the CO□ concentration in the air is low or the adsorption temperature is low, so the adsorption amount of CO□ is small).

The peak value of COz is delayed and + *r −ttO
Although the interval becomes longer, if the switching valve is switched over a certain period of time at this time, even air will be recovered and air will be mixed into the Cot recovery line. On the other hand, when the amount of COz adsorbed is large (the amount of CO2 adsorbed is large due to the high concentration of CO2 in the air or the adsorption temperature and low humidity), the peak value of CO□ is delayed. Therefore, the interval between t1 and t2 becomes shorter, but if the switching valve is switched over a certain period of time at this time, even water vapor will be recovered and the water vapor will be mixed into the COz recovery line.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention addresses the above-mentioned problems, and includes a gas introduction pipe that introduces gas containing CO2, and captures CO□ from the gas supplied by the gas introduction pipe. An adsorption tank filled with an adsorbent to absorb CO2, a gas outlet pipe that leads out the gas separated from the Cot from the adsorption tank, and a COz desorbed from the adsorbent.
A CO□ outlet pipe that takes out CO□ from the internal force of the adsorption tank, a replacement gas supply device that supplies replacement gas into the adsorption tank, a flow path from the replacement gas supply device to the adsorption tank, the introduction pipe, and the derivation pipe. The automatic switching valve installed in the pipe and the CO in the adsorption tank
A co□ detection sensor that detects the attachment/detachment status of z and the same CO2
The present invention relates to a COz removal device characterized by comprising a controller that switches and controls each of the automatic switching valves based on a detection signal from a detection sensor, and its purpose is to:
An object of the present invention is to provide an improved Co2 removal device that can recover highly pure Co2 even if the processing gas conditions and the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent change.

As described above, the present invention provides a gas introduction pipe for introducing a gas containing CO□, and a CO□-containing gas from the gas supplied by the gas introduction pipe.
An adsorption tank filled with adsorbent to capture O, and Co
A gas outlet pipe that brings out the gas separated from 2 from inside the adsorption tank, a CO□ lead-out pipe that takes out the CO2 desorbed from the adsorbent from inside the adsorption tank, and a replacement gas supply that supplies replacement gas into the adsorption tank. a device, an automatic switching valve provided in a distribution path from the displacement gas supply device to the adsorption tank, the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe, and a Cot detection sensor for detecting the desorption state of CO in the adsorption tank. , and a controller that switches and controls each of the automatic switching valves based on the detection signal from the CO2 detection sensor.

If the adsorbent in the current adsorption tank is adsorbing Co2 from the gas, and the adsorbent in another adsorption tank is desorbing CO□,
If CO2 continues to be desorbed in the latter adsorption tank, the temperature will rise due to the inflow of replacement gas (e.g. water vapor), causing
The COZ detection sensor is activated, the detection signal obtained at that time is sent to the controller, the controller sends a control signal to each automatic switching valve of each adsorption tank, and each automatic switching valve is switched, The former adsorption tank enters the desorption state, and the latter adsorption tank enters the adsorption state. I'm in this situation again.

When the CO2 detection sensor of the former adsorption tank detects CO□, the detection signal obtained at that time is sent to the controller, and the controller sends a control signal to each automatic switching valve, so that each automatic switching valve COz is switched and CO□ is COz of the same adsorption tank.
It is discharged from the outlet pipe.

It will be collected. Furthermore, when the 002 detection sensor of the adsorption tank of the same former detects a rise in the temperature of CO2 due to the replacement gas, the detection signal obtained at that time is sent to the controller, and the controller sends a control signal to each automatic switching valve. and each automatic switching valve is switched.

The latter adsorption tank enters the underwear state. Also, when the COz detection sensor of the latter adsorption tank detects COz.

The detection signal obtained at that time is sent to the controller, and the controller sends a control signal to each automatic switching valve.

The automatic switching valves are switched, and CO is discharged from the COz outlet pipe of the latter adsorption tank and recovered. Since then, the above actions have been repeated.

Since CO□ is continuously recovered, high purity COz is recovered even if the process gas conditions and adsorption capacity of the adsorbent change.

(Example) Next, the CO removal device of the present invention will be explained using an example shown in FIG. etc.) (la) An adsorption tank filled with (2a) inside,
(19) transfers the air containing CC2 to the above adsorption tank (1).
(2) Gas introduction pipe leading to the inlet side of (11) (13
) is an automatic switching valve installed in the same gas introduction pipe (19), (4)
is an air fan installed in the same gas introduction pipe (19), (23
) is a steam generator that heats water supplied from a water supply source to turn it into steam, and (21) is a steam generator (21) that converts the steam (displacement gas) generated in the steam generator (23) into the adsorption tank (1) (2).
), an automatic switching valve (15) and (17) installed on the same steam introduction pipe (21), (7)
(8) is a C installed on the outlet side of the adsorption tanks (1) and (2).
O□Concentration detection sensor (or impurity concentration detection sensor)
, (9) and (10) are the COz temperature detection sensors (or water vapor concentration detection sensors) provided at the outlet sides of the adsorption tanks (1) and (2), and (20) is the air separated from the adsorption tank (002). 1) (2) Gas outlet pipe leading out from the outlet side, (12) (14) is the automatic switching valve installed on the gas outlet pipe (20), (22) is the adsorbent (la) (2a
) to take out the CO desorbed from the adsorption tank (1) (2) from the outlet side, (16) (1B)
The automatic switching valve installed in the CO2 outlet pipe (22), (6)
The Cot fan (6) installed on the CO2 outlet pipe (22)
') is the COz tank installed in the CO2 outlet pipe (22). In addition, on the outlet side of the above adsorption tanks (1) and (2), CO
COZ detector (24) (25) that detects the attachment and detachment status of
) based on the detection signal from each automatic switching valve (11).
Two controllers for controlling (18) are omitted from illustration.

(Function) Next, the function of the COz removal device shown in FIG. 1 will be explained. Now, the adsorbent (la) in the adsorption tank (1) is absorbing C from the air.
Assuming that O□ is being adsorbed and CO□ is being desorbed by the adsorbent (2a) in the adsorption tank (2), the automatic switching valve (11)
(12) (17) (18) are open, automatic switching valve (
13) (14) (15) (16) are closed, air fan (3) and CO□ fan (5) are operating, CO□ concentration detection sensor (8) on the outlet side of adsorption tank (2) is in the CO2 concentration is being detected.

If CO2 continues to be desorbed in the adsorption tank (2) in this state, the temperature will rise due to the inflow of water vapor.

The CO2 temperature detection sensor (10) operates, and the CO2 temperature detection signal obtained at that time is transmitted to the CO2 temperature detection sensor (10).
0) to the controller, and from the same controller the automatic switching valve (1
1) A close control signal is sent to (17) (1B), and an open control signal is sent from the same controller to automatic switching valves (13), (14), and (15), and the same automatic switching valves (11) (1
7) (18) is closed.

The automatic switching valves (13), (14), and (15) open,
The adsorption tank (1) enters the desorption state and the adsorption tank (2) enters the adsorption state.

In addition, in this state, when the coz@ degree detection sensor (7) detects COz, the CO2 concentration detection signal obtained at that time is sent from the CO□ concentration detection sensor (7) to the controller, and from the controller An open control signal is sent to the automatic switching valve (16), a close control signal is sent from the controller to the automatic switching valve (12), the automatic switching valve (16) opens, and the automatic switching valve (12) opens. 12) is closed and CO2 is released into the CO2 tank (6
゛) will be collected. Furthermore, when the COz temperature detection sensor (9) detects a rise in the temperature of CO2 due to water vapor,
The CO2 temperature detection signal obtained at that time is sent from the CO2 temperature detection sensor (9) to the controller, and the controller sends an open control signal to the automatic switching valves (11), (12), and (17). Automatic switching valve from controller (13) (15)
(16) is sent a close control signal to the automatic switching valve (16).
1) (12) (17) open and the automatic switching valve (13) opens.
) (15) (16) closes and the adsorption tank (2) enters the desorption state. Also, the CC)z concentration detection sensor (8) is
When O□ is detected, the Go! The concentration detection signal is sent from the CO□ concentration detection sensor (8) to the controller, the controller sends an open control signal to the automatic switching valve (18), and the controller sends it to the automatic switching valve (14). A close control signal is sent, the automatic switching valve (18) opens, the automatic switching valve (14) closes, and the Cot is collected into the 002 tank (6'').The above operation is then repeated. As is clear from the above explanation, in this example, CO8 in the air is collected in the adsorption tank (1).
CO adsorbed on the adsorbent (la) (2a) filled in (2), and also adsorbed on the same adsorbent (la) (2a)
When C
O, the detection signal from the temperature detection sensor (9) (10) is used as the attachment/detachment completion signal. The number of adsorption tanks is determined by the throughput, processing efficiency, operating time, etc., but if air is to be treated continuously, at least two adsorption tanks are required, and an example of switching is shown in Fig. 2. In Figure 2, the parts without parallel lines indicate the adsorption state, and the horizontal parallel lines indicate the air expulsion state.

The diagonal parallel line portions each indicate the CO□ recovery state.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the present invention provides a gas introduction pipe for introducing a gas containing CO□, and a θC
An adsorption tank filled with adsorbent to capture O2 and CO
, a gas derivation pipe for deriving the gas separated from the adsorbent from within the adsorption tank, a CO derivation pipe for taking out the CO2 desorbed from the adsorbent from within the adsorption tank, and a replacement gas supply for supplying replacement gas into the adsorption tank. a device, an automatic switching valve provided in a distribution path from the displacement gas supply device to the adsorption tank, the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe, and a CO□ detection sensor for detecting the desorption state of CO□ in the adsorption tank. and a controller that switches and controls each of the automatic switching valves based on the detection signal from the CO2 detection sensor.

If the adsorbent in the current adsorption tank is adsorbing CO□ from the gas, and the adsorbent in another adsorption tank is desorbing CO□,
If CO2 continues to be desorbed in the latter adsorption tank, the temperature will rise due to the inflow of replacement gas (e.g. water vapor), causing
The CO, detection sensor is activated, and the detection signal obtained at that time is sent to the controller, which sends a control signal to each automatic switching valve of each adsorption tank, and each automatic switching valve is switched. 9. The former adsorption tank enters the desorption state, and the latter adsorption tank enters the adsorption state. I'm in this situation again.

When the CO in the former adsorption tank detects CO□, the detection signal obtained at that time is sent to the controller, and the controller sends a control signal to each automatic switching valve. is switched, and CO2 is changed to CO2 in the former adsorption tank,
It is discharged from the outlet pipe.

Collected in Coz tank. After that, when the CO□ detection sensor in the former adsorption tank detects a rise in the temperature of CO7 due to the replacement gas, the detection signal obtained at that time is sent to the controller, and the controller sends a control signal to each automatic switching valve. The automatic switching valves are switched, and the latter adsorption tank enters the desorption state.

In addition, when the CO2 detection sensor of the latter adsorption tank detects Co2, the detection signal obtained at that time is sent to the controller,
A control signal is sent from the controller to each automatic switching valve, and each automatic switching valve is switched.

CO2 is discharged from the COz outlet pipe of the latter adsorption tank and collected in the CO2 tank. From then on, the above actions are repeated and CO□ is continuously recovered, so
Even if the conditions of the process gas and the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent change, there is an effect that highly pure COz can be recovered.

Although the present invention has been described above using Examples, the present invention is not limited to these Examples.

Various design changes may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, a gas introduction pipe.

The gas outlet pipe and the CO□ outlet pipe do not need to be provided directly in the 7 adsorption tank, and the qO□ outlet pipe may be provided by branching from the gas outlet pipe. Furthermore, if a CO2 recovery tank is provided in the CO□ outlet pipe, the COg outlet pipe becomes a CO□ recovery device. Moreover, CO□ may be directly discharged to the outside of the system without providing a CO□ recovery tank. In addition, each sensor is Co! When the outlet pipe is provided as a branch from the gas outlet pipe, it may be provided between the outlet side of the adsorption tank and the branch point where the CO2 outlet pipe branches.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a system diagram showing one embodiment of the CO removal device according to the present invention. Figure 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of switching between multiple adsorption tanks. Figure 3 is a system diagram showing an example of switching between multiple adsorption tanks. )
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the behavior of gases such as CO at the outlet of the adsorption tank. (1) (2) ... Adsorption tank, (1a) (1b) ...
Adsorbent, (7) to (10)...CO□ detection sensor,
(11) to (18)... automatic switching valve, (19)
...Gas inlet pipe, (20)...Gas outlet pipe, (
21)...Replacement gas distribution path, (22)...C
O2 derivation pipe, (23)...replacement gas supply device. Sub-agent Patent Attorney Shigemon Okamoto (2 persons) Figure 1 Figure 2

Claims (1)

[Claims] A gas introduction pipe that introduces gas containing CO_2, an adsorption tank filled with an adsorbent that captures CO_2 from the gas supplied by the gas introduction pipe, and a gas separated from CO_2 that is led out from within the adsorption tank. A gas outlet pipe for removing CO_2 desorbed from the adsorbent from the same adsorption tank.
an automatic switching valve provided in a lead-out pipe, a replacement gas supply device for supplying replacement gas into the adsorption tank, a distribution path from the replacement gas supply device to the adsorption tank, the introduction pipe, and the discharge pipe; CO_ which detects the desorption state of CO_2 in the above adsorption tank
1. A CO_2 removal device comprising: a CO_2 detection sensor; and a controller that switches and controls each of the automatic switching valves based on a detection signal from the CO_2 detection sensor.