JPS61235994A - Portable medium - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a portable medium possible for mass-production and high safety by using an instruction group for initializing so as to apply initializing, setting an initializing end to a nonvolatile memory at the end of initializing and avoiding the reception of the instruction group at initializing. CONSTITUTION:Instructions at initializing of an IC card and instructions after initializing of the IC card are divided into two instruction groups, the initializing end flag representing the end of initializing of the IC card is prepared in a data memory 7, the initializing instruction is used at initializing, the initializing of the IC card by customers is applied, the initializing end flag is set after the end of initializing and after that, only the instructions after the initializing only are received. Thus, the IC card is manufactured without taking the customer's specification into consideration, the write in response to each customer at initializing is attained and after the issue of the IC card, the danger of read of the content of a data memory is avoided.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a portable medium such as an IC card containing an IC chip equipped with a CPU, data memory, and the like.

[Technical background of the invention and its problems] In recent years, IC cards have been developed and put into practical use as memory cards for recording data. This IC card has
A CPU, a mask ROM for program storage, a nonvolatile memory for data storage, etc. are built-in. The device is characterized in that it writes data to a nonvolatile memory for data storage and reads data from the nonvolatile memory by receiving multiple types of commands.

However, the type of card instructions may vary depending on the customer, and the password area allocated to the non-volatile memory for data storage may vary depending on the customer.
The location and size of data areas, etc. often differ depending on the customer. In this way, if data specific to each customer is written in advance into the mask ROM for program storage, a card specific to each customer must be manufactured, which makes the manufacturing process complicated and is not suitable for mass production. There is.

In order to eliminate these drawbacks, it would be best to leave the non-volatile memory (or dedicated non-volatile memory) for data storage unwritten when manufacturing IC cards, and then write various data during initialization. , During this initialization, the non-volatile memory must be made directly accessible by the address of this memory. However, if non-volatile memory can be directly accessed after an IC card is issued, there is a risk that the contents of the IC card (PIN number, etc.) may be known to others, and the security of the IC card may be compromised. .

[Purpose of the invention This invention was made in view of the above circumstances,
The purpose is to provide a highly secure portable medium that can be mass-produced.

[Summary of the invention! ! That is, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes at least one nonvolatile memory and a control element that controls data reading or data writing from the nonvolatile memory according to a plurality of types of instructions. The instructions in the portable medium are divided into a group of instructions that directly access the contents of the non-volatile memory using an address of this memory during initialization, and a group of instructions that access the contents of the non-volatile memory using an indirect address after initialization. , At the time of initialization, initialization is performed using a group of instructions at the time of initialization, and when the initialization is completed, a flag indicating that the initialization has been completed is set in the non-volatile memory, and after setting this flag, the instructions at the time of initialization are executed. I am trying not to accept groups.

[Embodiment of the Invention] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 4, reference numeral 1 denotes an IC card as a portable medium, and the surface of this IC card 1 is provided with a connecting section 2 for an interface with an external device. The connecting section 2 is composed of a plurality of terminals 21 to 28. For example, the terminal 21 is connected to an operating voltage iii (+
5V), terminal 22 is for grounding, terminal 23 is for clock signal, terminal 24 is for reset signal, terminals 25 to 27 are for data input and output, and terminal 2B is for power supply voltage (+21V) for data writing. ing.

Inside the IC card 1, as shown in FIG. 1, a control CPU 3 is provided, and this CPU 3 and external equipment are connected via an interface circuit 4. The connection section 2 is used to connect the interface circuit 4 and external equipment. The CPU 3 includes a mask ROM 5 for storing programs. A RAM 6 for use as a work area and a nonvolatile memory (data memory) 7 for data storage are connected to each. Each of the above parts is composed of an IC chip and is provided on one substrate.

When manufacturing an IC card, the mask ROM 5 stores all manufacturing programs and subsequent transaction programs in advance, and the data memory (PROM) 7 stores all commands as shown in FIG. 2(a). is memorized. Then, by selecting the above command and setting a flag when initializing the IC card, specifications are set according to the customer. In FIG. 2(a), commands 2 and 4 are selected. As shown in FIG. 2(b), the data memory 7 includes a command area 7a where the commands shown in FIG. 2(a) are stored, a data area 7b where transaction data is stored, and an initialization flag. It has area 7C. A flag is set in this initialization flag area 7C when initialization is completed, and instructions after initialization are executed based on the state of this flag.

FIG. 5 shows the external appearance of an IC card 1 issuance 81 (for initialization) 10 as a terminal device according to the present invention, and FIG. 6 shows its circuit configuration. In the figure, 11 is a CPIJ (Central Processing Unit) that controls the entire issuing machine 10, 12 is a keyboard for inputting data, 13 is a CRT display device, 14 is a ROM in which a control program is stored, and 15 is a RAM in which data is stored; 16 is a dot printer for printing various data; 11 is storage of data in a floppy disk 19 inserted from a floppy disk insertion 018;
A floppy disk device 20 performs playback, and 20 is an IC card reading/writing unit that reads data from the data memory 7 of the IC card 1 inserted through the card insertion slot 21 or writes data into the data memory 7.
This IC card reading/writing section 20 is connected to the IC card issuing machine 1.
It is connected to the main body of 0 by a cable 22.

FIG. 7 shows a cross-sectional configuration of the IC card reading/writing section 20. As shown in FIG. This IC card reading/writing section 20 is provided with a transport path 31 for transporting the IC card 1 inserted from the card insertion slot 21.
A plurality of rotatable transport rollers 32 are provided, which are positioned to sandwich the C card 1 from above and below when transporting it. Each of the conveyance rollers 32 provided in pairs
are provided at regular intervals along the transport bus 31. The distance from the center of each of these transport rollers 32 to the center of an adjacent transport roller 32 has a width in the card transport direction. Therefore, the transport path 31 of the IC card 1 is defined by the transport guide 33. Further, on the conveyance guide 33, the CP in the IC card 1 is
A reader/writer 34 is arranged to exchange data with U3. This reader/writer 34 is electrically connected to the connection section 2 of the IC card 1.

Next, initialization of the IC card 1 in the above configuration will be explained. The operator sets the IC card initialization mode using the keyboard 12 of the IC card issuing machine 10 and inserts the IC card 1 into the card insertion slot 21. As a result, the connection section 2 of the IC card 1 and the reader/writer 34 are electrically connected. In this state, CP
An IC card initialization mode signal and a signal indicating the issuing machine are sent from U 11 to the reading port and the output device 34 . IC card 1 via connection section 2 and interface circuit 4, respectively.
When supplied to CPU 3 of CPU 1, CPLJ3
1. Supply a connection signal to 1. By this, c p u i
For example, on the CRT display device 13, i provides guidance such as "Please select initialization data." In response to this guidance, the operator selects a command stored in advance in the data memory 7 of the IC card 1 using the keyboard 12. As a result of this selection, a signal is supplied from CPtJ3 to CP LJ 11, and a flag is set in the data memory 7 at the address corresponding to the selected command. This allows I
The C card 1 is set to the customer's specifications. At this time, the CPU
3, the initialization flag area 7 of the data memory 7
A flag is set in C and initialization is completed.

At the time of the above-mentioned initialization or when using the IC card 1 which has been initialized, the above-mentioned flag area 7C is used as described above.
The transaction is performed after checking the state of the flag. That is,
As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 3, when a command is accepted, it is determined whether it is an initialization command or not, and if it is an initialization command, it is determined whether the initialization has been completed or not based on the state of the flag in the initialization flag area 7C. is judged. If the initialization has been completed, the command will not be accepted as a command error. Further, if the initialization is not completed, an initialization instruction is executed. On the other hand, if the received command is not an initialization command, it is determined in the next step whether initialization has been completed.

Here, if it is determined that the initialization has been completed, the correct instruction is assumed to have been accepted and the instruction is executed, and if the initialization is not completed, the accepted instruction is not executed as an instruction error. .

In this way, in the present invention, the commands at the time of initializing the IC card and the commands after the initialization of the IC card are divided into two command groups.
An initialization completion flag indicating the completion of initialization of the IC card is prepared in the data memory 7, and at the time of initialization, an initialization command is used to initialize the IC card for each customer, and after the initialization is completed, the IC card is initialized. A completion flag is set, and from then on only instructions after initialization are accepted. Therefore, IC cards can be manufactured without considering customer specifications, writing can be performed according to each customer during initialization, and there is no risk of the contents of the data memory being read out after the IC card is issued. .

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the present invention, a portable medium that can be mass-produced and is highly safe can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings are for explaining one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of an electric circuit of an IC card, and FIG. 2 is for explaining the data memory in FIG. 1. Figure 3 is a flowchart for explaining the operation when using an IC card, Figure 4 is an external perspective view of the IC card, Figure 5 is an external perspective view of the card issuing machine, and Figure 6 is a flowchart for explaining the operation when using an IC card. 5 is a block diagram showing the schematic configuration of the electric circuit in the card issuing machine, and FIG.
It is a sectional view showing the composition of the IC card reading and writing part in the figure. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...IC card (portable medium), 2...Connection part, 3...CPU (control element), 4...Interface circuit, 5...Mask ROM, 8-...RA
M. 7...Data memory (non-volatile memory), 7a...
Command area, 7b...Data area, 7C...
Initialization flag area. Applicant's agent Patent attorney Takehiko Suzue Figure 1

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A portable medium comprising at least one non-volatile memory and a control element that controls data reading or data writing from the non-volatile memory according to multiple types of instructions, and the control element is configured to initialize the instructions. At times, the contents of the non-volatile memory are divided into a group of instructions that directly access the contents of this memory using addresses of this memory, and a group of instructions that access the contents of the non-volatile memory using indirect addresses after initialization. , and when the initialization is completed, a flag indicating that the initialization has been completed is set in the non-volatile memory, and after the flag is set, a group of instructions at the time of initialization is no longer accepted. possible medium. (2) The portable medium according to claim 1, wherein the control element is a CPU.