JPS61157214A - Detector for trouble of power system - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention automatically determines the location of a fault that has occurred in a power system, and makes sure that each relay and circuit breaker that operated when the fault occurred operates normally. The present invention relates to a device for determining whether or not.

[Background of the invention]

When a wide-area power outage occurs in a power system, recovery procedures are determined at the power dispatch center, but in doing so, it is important to clearly identify the equipment or location where the failure occurred.

Conventionally, this determination of the location of a failure has been performed by humans, which may result in erroneous judgments or take time, which may impede recovery operations. For this reason, there has recently begun to be a demand for this determination to be made automatically and at high speed by a computer.

Regarding automation of recovery operations, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-14
No. 8627 and Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 58-151830 disclose a method of programming a system database and inference mechanism in a computer and creating recovery operation procedures based on rules stored in the database. However, these methods essentially relate to programming methods within a computer, and also assume that the fault occurrence section has been identified by a human.

Furthermore, when a failure occurs in the power system, the failure is usually detected by the main protection relay and the area where the failure occurs is cut off from other systems, so the power outage area is localized. However, if there is an abnormality in the main protection relay or circuit breaker (hereinafter simply referred to as CB), the backup protection relay will operate.
The power outage area is widespread. Furthermore, if there is an abnormality in the back-up protection relay, the back-up protection will be activated, which will cover a wide range of power outages.

After the system fault has been removed, recovery operations are started based on instructions from the power dispatch center, but when planning the recovery procedure, the first thing to do is to understand the cause of the fault and the operating status of relays and CBs. We need to know exactly what happened and understand how the failure developed.

That is, even if a power dispatch center can detect that a relay or CB has operated, a human must think and judge whether the relay or CB has operated normally or malfunctioned. Regarding broken or non-operating relays and CBs, it is also necessary to determine whether they were not operating under normal conditions, or whether they should have been operating but did not.

Conventionally, such judgment work has been performed by humans, but because they are human, they sometimes make incorrect judgments or take a long time to make judgments, which can lead to delays in recovery work. Therefore, there has recently been an increasing demand for computers to perform these tasks quickly and automatically.

[Purpose of the invention]

A first object of the present invention is to provide a power system failure detection device that can automatically and quickly determine the location of a failure.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a power system failure detection device that can automatically and quickly determine whether the operation of relays and circuit breakers at each point in the system is normal or abnormal.

[Summary of the invention]

The outline of the invention of the present application M1 is as follows.

In order to efficiently determine the location of a failure, it is necessary to suppress the amount of information used for determination to the minimum necessary amount.

Therefore, in the first invention of the present application, the state of the protection relay is
In addition, the circuit breaker (hereinafter referred to as
(simply abbreviated as CB) has two states: "open" and "closed". In this way, since the states of the relay and CB take only two values, it is possible to use two values, L1111 or '0'', for expression in the arithmetic circuit.

Also, the types of relays will be simplified to some extent. That is,
In actual relays, for example, distance relays used for backup protection of power transmission lines, the distance is one stage.

It has a structure that combines relay elements such as two-stage distance and timer circuits with an AND circuit or QB circuit. In the first invention of the present application, the operation of individual relay elements is not considered.

Using the example of the distance relay described above, a specific example of relay reduction is shown in FIG. 10 in which only the output as a backup protection relay is considered (hereinafter referred to as relay reduction).

That is, FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a relay for power transmission line protection. In the figure, 1 is the power transmission line main protection relay,
These are the 1st stage element, 3 digit second stage element, and 4 digit third stage element of a distance relay with 2 digit backup protection.

Further, in the figure, 5 and 6 are AND circuits, 7 and 8 are timer circuits, and 9 and 10 are Qll circuits. This is a cutoff command to the 11 outputs CB of the QR circuit 10.

The cutoff of the CB is determined by the OR condition of the output of each relay element, but the relay reduction of the first invention of the present application is the output of the protection relay 1 on the power transmission line 12 and the QR and output of each element of the distance relay. 13 are used to obtain these IJ output signals.The output 12 of this platform is the output of the power transmission line main protection relay 1, and 13 can be said to be the output of the power transmission line backup protection relay.

Table 4 shows an example of the a1 type of relay reduction used in the present invention.

In Table 1, MR is a transmission line main protection relay, TR is a transformer protection circuit relay, and BR is a bus life insurance MIJ relay. It's true, LR is a back-up protection relay at its own end, and in actual relay it is C.
B Countermeasures against non-operation

If this relay continues to operate for more than the time the main protection relay was installed, the circuit breaker CB to which the main protection relay issued the cut-off command is judged to have malfunctioned, and the circuit breaker C
This is a relay that completely shuts off the surrounding circuit breakers CB connected to B. Further, RR is a far-end backup protection relay, and a distance relay or the like is an actual relay.

On the other hand, in actual operation, the location of failure to be determined is not determined by specific points, but by equipment such as transformers and reactors, busbars, and power transmission lines between substations. In the present invention, as the minimum unit for failure identification, the minimum interval for failure identification (below the section c surrounded by CB and CB is simply referred to as section) is taken. Fig. 11 shows the concept of this section, and the section surrounded by CB, that is, transformer Tr, substation electrodeposition Bus, transmission lines I, i
ne is an interval.

All fault sections are determined using the reduced relay information and system configuration as described above, but in the invention of Application 1, the reduction of relay operating signals is performed at lower-level electrical stations such as substations and switchyards. The faulty section is determined by the upper power supply station using the reduced information transmitted from the lower power station. This information transmission can be performed once every 2 to 5 seconds, so the amount of information transmitted can be small.

Next, a calculation for determining a failure section based on this information will be explained.

Let us consider a computing unit that has the function of calculating the protection range of the operated relay name, which is the judgment input, without switching. The protection range of this relay is expressed as a set of sections.

Protect (
relay, fault), input fc
l V-〇 F1. 2. . tectii'l'Lfx
The arithmetic unit FL that operates to obtain the interval basis for all bIt is the main part of the invention of the present invention. The operating procedure of this arithmetic unit FL will be explained next. If the type of relay input to the calculator PL is the transmission line main protection relay MR1 shown in Table 1, the transformer/main protection relay TR1, the bus main protection relay BR, these are main protection relays, so the corresponding section The base is fixed, and the interval base, which is the output of the arithmetic unit PL, can be obtained by searching a storage device that stores data regarding each relay. Also, if the type of relay input to the calculator FL is the self-end backup protection relay LRI2), it is a CB (breaker) non-operation countermeasure relay, so the interval base for the function protect to become 11'' is first The main protection relay (types are MR, TR, BR) corresponding to the main protection of the input relay is searched from the storage device, and then the protection range of this main protection relay is obtained by searching the storage device.

Also, if the input relay type is far-end backup protection relay R
In the case of R, the protection range is the area that can be electrically reached from the relay installation point. FIG. 12 shows the protection range of the far-end backup protection relay RR, and in FIG. 12, the far-end backup protection relay 14 issues a cutoff command to the CB 15, and the CB 15 is opened. In this case, the protection range of the far end backup protection relay 14 is CB16, 17, 18 which is open.
This is a set 19 of sections surrounded by and CB15.

FIG. 13 shows a flowchart of the operation of the arithmetic unit PL described above.

The above calculation unit PL obtains a protection range corresponding to each operated relay, that is, a set of failure occurrence section candidates estimated by the relay operation.

The invention of Application No. 1 calculates the failure area by calculating the intersection (intersection) of these protection ranges. obtain.

This is based on the principle that the true fault occurrence area is included in the protection range of all operated relays.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the concept of this calculation, and shows a case where three relays operate. 20 is the output of the calculator PL for the first relay, 21 is the PL of the second relay
There is a specific output of 22Vi, which is the PL specific output of the third relay. 20
, 21, and 22 are, in other words, a set of candidates for the fault occurrence section estimated by the operation of each relay. And 2
The intersection set 24 of 0,21°22 is the true fault occurrence section.

There are cases where the fault interval cannot be determined based on the basic principle of fault determination explained above. This occurs in the case of multiple failures, where multiple failures occur almost simultaneously, and in the case of a malfunctioning relay. FIG. 15 shows the relationship between the protection ranges of each relay in these cases. In Figure 15, 5
The seed relays are operating, and the output of L (set of intervals) to the arithmetic unit for each relay is (Fl), (F2)
.

(Fa), 1F4), ['N in Figure 15, 25
, 26, 27, 28, and 29 correspond to this.

In the figure, the intersection set of 25, 26, 27°28.29 is empty, but in the figure it is clear that 25, 26.27 and 28
．． It can be classified into 29 groups. That is, it is considered that the product set 30 of 28, 29° 30 and the product set 31 of 28.29 occurred completely independently, or that they occurred almost simultaneously, or that the relays 28 and 29 malfunctioned.

The determination method in such a case (hereinafter referred to as multiple failure determination C13 principle) will be described next. Now, when multiple failures occur, the set of interrupted sections (hereinafter referred to as power outage sections) can be divided into multiple sections. For example, the 16th
As shown in the figure. In the figure, 32 is the entire power outage section, but 32 can be classified into partial power outage sections 33 and 34, and it is considered that failures occurred independently within sections 33 and 34. This division method further divides the entire power outage section 32 into
It is based on a method of dividing into four parts by the open CB. In Figure 16, partial power outage section 33 is an open CB.
55 and CB56, and is part of the partial power outage section 3.
It is surrounded by CB56, CB37, and CB58, which are separated by four.

As described above, when a power outage section is divided into a plurality of partial power outage sections, relays within the partial power outage section can also be classified. By taking the product set of the protection intervals, which are the outputs of the arithmetic unit PL of each relay, for each partial power outage interval, it is possible to calculate all independent true failure occurrence intervals. The above is the principle of determining multiple failures.

Furthermore, in the case of a relay malfunction, if a certain section within the protection range of the malfunctioning relay is treated as a hypothetical fault occurrence section, it can be handled in exactly the same way as in the case of multiple failures.

As described above, the first invention of the present application is based on the basic principle of failure determination based on the operation information of the relays and CBs transmitted from the electric station and the data regarding the relays and the system stored in the device. The fault occurrence section can be determined by using the principle of multiple fault determination.

The outline of the second invention of the present application is as follows.

The method for realizing the second invention of the present application is: ■ Reduction of input information, ■ Calculation of protection range of relay, ■ Relay/CB
The emotional calculation method will be explained in order.

(2) Reduction of input information In order to determine and analyze the operation of relays and CBs, it is necessary to suppress the state to be determined and the amount of information used for determination to the minimum necessary. In the second invention of the present application, the relay to be handled and C
The operating states of B are limited to only three types: "normal operation", "malfunction", and "malfunction". "Normal operation" means to operate when it should operate, and for the relay to issue a cut-off signal to the CB when a system failure that should be detected by d1 occurs, and for the CB to receive the cut-off signal from the relay. It will be open in some cases. Further, "malfunction" means not operating when it should be operating, and "malfunctioning" means operating when it should not be operating. Furthermore, when classified in this way, it is possible to consider the state of "normal non-operation" (not operating when it is not supposed to), but this "normal non-operation" is only possible when the relay or CB is not in the above three types of states. Since it is applicable, it will not be considered in particular.

In addition, what can be detected at the power dispatch center is that relays and CBs are
It is unclear whether the "operation" is a "normal operation" or a "malfunction." Determining these is the content of the second invention of the present application. The same applies to "non-operation".

Next, it is necessary to simplify the types of relays to some extent for the operation signals of the relays used for determination, and this point is the same as in the case of the first invention of the present application.

■ Calculation of protection range of relays The method of calculating the protection range of each relay using the reduced relay, CB, and system information will be described below.

First, let us clarify the concept of the protection range of each relay.

The relay protection range referred to here is the range in which the relay must operate in response to a system failure that occurs within that range.In other words, the relay protection range is the range in which the relay must operate in response to a system failure that occurs. is a set of

This protection range calculator is the same as that described in the first invention of the present application.

(2) State calculation of relays and CBs A method for determining whether relays and CBs are operating or not based on the protection range of each relay and the reduced operation signals of relays and CBs will be described below.

In the method of the second invention of the present application, the status of each relay and CB is determined using a preset algorithm for status determination (hereinafter referred to as a rule). This rule can be applied to relays and CBs at any location. The details of the rules are shown below.

Rule 1: Operated relays and CBs are "normally operated" unless defined by other rules.

Rule 2: There is an activated relay, and the CB to which the above relay outputs the full cutoff signal is not activated (closed) fX
If so, the CB is "inoperable".

Rule 3: The main protection relay (MH, ・TR, ・BR, in Table 1) whose far-end backup protection relay (R, R, in Table 1) is operating and the above-mentioned RR is backed up. If the IJ relay is not operating, and the CB for which the RR and main protection relay issue a cutoff signal is operating, and the fault area is within the protection range of the main protection relay, this main protection relay It is a "malfunction".

fillU4 :('i[[ll'9に*f't”Li
Ln&1xRRd"g.

There is a section where the failure occurred within the protection range of R and R.
Moreover, if the main protection relay backed up by that R is not operating, that RR is "malfunctioning".

Rule 5: There is a main protection relay that is not operating within the power outage section, and an RR that backs up that main protection relay,
If the main protection relay is not operating and the fault area is within the protection range of the main protection relay, the main protection relay is "inoperable".

Rule lid is the basic principle, and rules 2 to 5 are ``
This is a rule for discovering relays that are malfunctioning.

A specific example will be shown using FIG. In the example shown in FIG. 17(A), a system failure occurs at point 50, and the activated relays are transmission line main protection relays MR and 1.
, MR,2 and the far-end backup protection relay FIL1. The tripped and operated circuit breakers are CB51 and CB52. In such a case, the following operating conditions are determined by each rule. According to Rule 2, CB53 is a "malfunction". According to rule 1, Ml,1 and MR2 and R,R,1 and (”
B51 and CB52 are "normal operations".

The example shown in FIG. 17(B) is an example in which a failure occurs at point 54, and the far-end backup maintenance fi relay R
, l'L1 and R,I (3 works, CB55 and CB56
worked. In this case, according to rule 3, the main protection relay M
al is "malfunction", and according to rule 4, R, R, 2
is a "misoperation", and according to rule 5, MR2 is also a "misoperation". Then, according to rule 1, RFLI and R
3 indicates "normal operation".

Next, we will show the rules used for determination when considering multiple failures in which multiple failures occur almost simultaneously and relay malfunctions. The following rules apply to the type of failure shown in FIG. FIG. 18 shows a case where the interior of the section where the power outage occurred can be further divided. In Fig. 18, 61 and 62 are divided power outage sections, and section 61 is the open CB63 and C
It is surrounded by B64 and CB65. Also section 62
is surrounded by open CB65, CB66 and CB67. CB65 is a circuit breaker that separates section 61 and section 62. 68-72 are each CB63-
This is the relay that issued the cutoff command to CB66. Tatashi, C
The protection zone of the relay 70 that issued the cutoff command to the B65 is included in the zone 61.

In these situations, there is a section 73 within the power outage section 61 that is presumed to be a faulty section, and there is a section 74 that is presumed to be a faulty section within the power outage section 62 as well. In this case, the interval 73 and the interval 61 may be equal. Section 6
The same applies to section 2 and section 74. Also, CB63 to CB67
The number of CBs and the number of relays 68 to 72 are arbitrary.

Under such circumstances, the following rules apply: However, the following rules indicate possibilities, and rules 2 to 5
It is not possible to make a judgment like this.

Rule 6: Relay 71 within stop section 62. IJ Leah 2
There is a possibility that all of these are "malfunctions". In this case, the true fault occurrence interval is 73.

Rule 7: If CH65 is closed,
If section 73 is included within the protection section of relay 71 and relay 72, relay 71 and relay 72 are included in the protection section of relay 70.
Relays 71 and 72 operate almost at the same time as
There is a possibility that this is normal operation. In this case, it is the section 73 where the true failure has occurred.

Rule 8: If ward iJj 74 is included in the protection range of relays 68 and 69 under the assumption that CH 65 is not operating, relay 7o may have "malfunctioned". In this case, the true fault occurrence interval is 74.

FIG. 19 shows an example in which the power outage section can be classified into two. In FIG. 19, the power outage sections can be classified into two, 8o and 81. The activated relays are the transmission line main protection relays MRI and MB2, and the far end backup protection relay RR.
, 1 and R) L2.

The circuit breakers that operated were CH82, CH83, CH84, and CH.
It is 35. Furthermore, the estimated failure is in the transmission line 86 within the section 80 and on the transmission bus line 87 within the section 81.

In these cases, the following three cases are possible.

Case 1: A failure occurs in the power transmission line 84 and bus bar 87. In this case, according to Rule 3, the bus main protection relay BR whose protection range is the bus 87 is "erroneously immobile".

Case 2: According to rule 7, 1(1(1) and RR, 2 have "malfunctioned". In this case, the true failure interval is 80 and BR "
It is not a malfunction or malfunction.

Case 3: According to rule 8, RRI and R)12 are MB2
operated almost simultaneously. In this case, the true fault interval is 80, RRl and R,R,2 are "normal operation", and B
R is not "malfunction".

The determination of which of these three cases is correct is performed by a human, or the order is determined using a statistical valence basis for each action.

[Embodiments of the invention]

Examples of the present invention will be described below.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 1 shows the functions of an electric station and a power dispatch center necessary for the present invention. In the figure, 100°110.120
130 is an electrical station such as a substation or a switchyard, and 130 is a power dispatch center. Further, 101 is a device that collects output signals of relays in an electric station, compresses these Cη) signals for each type of relay, and encodes them for transmission. It is also a device that monitors the open/close states of CBs in 102 electrical stations and encodes the states of the CBs. Further, 103 is a transmitter that transmits signals from the devices 101 and 102 to a power dispatch center. 131 is a receiver that receives signals transmitted from the electrical station, and this information is sent to a storage device 132 that stores data regarding relays and system configuration, and a device 133 that performs failure determination.
Furthermore, the determined failure section is output to the display device 134.

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a device for determining a failure according to the first invention of the present application.

In the figure, 1330 is a circuit that reproduces the names of activated relays and opened CBs based on the signal from the receiving device 131, and these data are sent to a calculator FL1331 that calculates the protection range for each relay. ~133n.

The number of computing units PL is arbitrary, but the greater the number, the more computations can be performed for each relay in parallel.
Judgment speed will improve. In other words, if the number n of computing units PL is greater than the number of operated relays, the calculation of the protection range for each relay can be executed in parallel, but if the number of operated relays is greater than the number of operated relays, the calculation may be performed multiple times. The process is divided into j-order n pieces. The outputs of these arithmetic units Ii''L are sent to a circuit 1340 that performs basic failure determination, and a multiple failure determination circuit 1 that is activated when the circuit 1340 fails to determine the failure.
341, and the final judgment result is output to the display device 134.

This circuit 1330 and computing units FL1331 to 133n,
Basic failure determination circuit 1340 and multiple failure determination circuit 1
341 constitutes the failure determination device 133.

FIG. 3 shows the internal configuration of the arithmetic unit 1331 that determines the protection range of each relay. Line A is data on relay names obtained from the circuit 1330, and line B is data on open CB names (plurality).

1331AVi This is a circuit for determining the type of relay input, and depending on the type, it selects the power transmission line main protection relay MR.

and a circuit 1331B that determines the protection range of the transformer main protection relay TR and the busbar main protection relay BR, or a circuit 1331C' that determines the protection range of the straddle self-end backup protection relay LR.
Alternatively, the relay name is transmitted to a circuit 1331D that determines the protection range of the far-end backup protection relay RR. circuit 13
31B takes out the section name to be the protection range from the storage device 132 and sends it to the output circuit 1331B. The circuit 1331C related to the eye end backup protection relay LFL is the eye end backup protection relay LFL.
Memory device M13 for the name of the main protection relay that corresponds to J-Ray LR.
2 and output the protection range of this main protection relay to the output circuit 13 as the protection range of the self-end backup protection relay LR.
Send to 31E. Also, a far end backup protection relay RR.

The related circuit 1331D sets the protection range of the far-end backup protection relay R[!] based on the data sent by line B related to CB and the system data retrieved from the storage device 132. and outputs it to the output circuit 1331E.

MT. circle,. This will be explained using ``Yawa, yo, Kaeotsugaya 411'' and Figure 5.

FIG. 4 shows that when a failure occurs in the bus bar 20, the bus main protection BR230 that protects the bus bar 201 operates, and the CB212 and CB
A shutdown command was issued to CB213, CB214, and CB215, but only CB212 was inoperative. Therefore, the bus bar 20
The backup protection relay R 220 at the other end of 1 operates,
CB210 tripped.

In this case, the information obtained at a dispatch center at a certain point in time is as follows.

Activated relay = (BR230, R, R220) Tripped CB = lCB210. CB213°CB214.
CB2151 Following the determination operation below, the output of the arithmetic unit PL for the BR, 230 is immediately determined because the BR, 230 is the main protection. That is, protection range of BR230 = (section 260) then 1% R2
The output of the calculator PL for 20 is calculated as follows using the tripped CB information and the relay information as an area surrounded by open CBs.

Protection range of fLR = (section 2401 section 260) First, take the intersection of these sets.

(Ward "...2601n (section 2402 section 260) = section 260 Therefore, section 260 becomes the true fault section.

FIG. 5 is an example of determination in the case of multiple failures. In this figure, the busbar main protection relay BR320 that protects the busbar 301 operates and issues one cutoff command to CB512, CB513, CB514, and CB515. CB512 and CB513 have tripped, but CB514 and CB515 are inactive. Therefore, backup protection I (R, 340 and RR341 operate,
CB 316 and CB 517 tripped respectively. In addition, the transmission line life insurance NMR330 and the transmission line backup protection R and R342 operate almost simultaneously, and CB510 and C
B512 was blocked.

In this case, the information obtained at the power dispatch center is as follows.

Operation relay = (BR320, MR330, RR340,
ELR341, R, R342) Trip CB=(CB3
12. CB513°CB514. CB515.
CB These operating relays = (BII, 320.MR3
30°RR340,I'! , 几341. RR342
The output of the first arithmetic unit FL is as follows.

Protection range of BR320 = (section 370) MR, protection range of 330 = (section 350) R, protection range of R340 = (
Section 3902 Section 370, Section 380) Protection range of REL341 = (Section 3901 Section 370,
Section 380) Protection range of R, 11, 342 = (section 350) The intersection set of protection ranges greater than or equal to (section 350) is an empty set. In this case, a multiple fault determination circuit is activated. The power outage section at this time was (section 35
09 section 3702 section 380, section 390),
These are partial blackout area 1 @ (section 350) and (section 370)
It can be divided into 1 section of 380° and 390° section. In this way, the relay set (M
R330, RR342) and a set of relays (B
The relay can be divided into R, 320, RR340, and FH-L3411. Next divided +MR330°R, R34
21 and (BR320, RR340, R, R3''411), the former has a solution in the interval 350, the latter has a solution in the interval 370, and the solution is in the interval 35.
It can be determined that a failure has occurred in the section 0 and section 370.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, since the arithmetic unit that calculates the protection range of each relay can be executed in parallel, there is an effect that high-speed determination is possible.

FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of the operating status determining device according to the second invention of the present application.

In the figure, 431 is a calculation unit that reproduces the name of the operated relay and CB based on the signal from the receiving device 410, and this information is sent to calculation units FL4301 to 4301 that calculate the protection range of each relay.
430n, and a circuit 432 that collects the output of the arithmetic unit.
sent to. Further, 433 is a circuit that provides a fault occurrence section to the circuit 432. The information provided by this circuit 432 may be a fault section determined by a human based on the operation of a relay or CB, or may be information output from a device that automatically determines a fault section from the operation of a relay or CB. good. Also 4341~
434n is an arithmetic unit that makes decisions on rules 1 to 8, and searches for relays and CBs that match the rules in parallel for each rule, and makes decisions. A portion of the information that has been determined for each relay or CB is returned to the circuit 432 and reused by other rule calculators.

For example, in calculations related to rule 1, relays and CBs whose states are not defined by other rule calculation units are determined to be "normal operation" by the calculation unit responsible for rule 1. 43
Information stored in the 5-digit circuit 432 and computing units 4341 to 4
34n is deepened and output to the display device 440.

FIG. 7 shows the internal configuration of the computing unit 4301 that determines the protection range of each relay, and the other computing units 4302 to 430n have similar configurations.

In the figure, line C is data on relay names obtained from the calculation unit 431, and line B is data on open CB names (plurality). 4301A is a circuit for determining the type of input relay, and depending on the type, a circuit 4301B determines the protection range of the transmission line main protection relay Ml-t, transformer main protection relay TR, and bus life protection relay BR. Alternatively, the circuit 4301C that determines the protection range of the own-end backup protection relay 11 or the circuit 4301B that determines the protection range of the far-end backup protection relay RR is transmitted from the storage device 420 to the circuit 4301B that determines the protection range of the far-end backup protection relay RR. The section name corresponding to is extracted and sent to the output circuit 4301B. circuit 4
301C self-end backup protection relay LR circuit, 1
First, take out the name of the main protection relay corresponding to the own-end back-up protection relay LR from the storage device w420, and further write the protection range of this life insurance 1iffllJ relay to the own-end back-up protection relay L.
It is sent to the output circuit 4301E as a protection range. 430
1D is a circuit related to the far-end backup protection relay RR, and the data and storage device 42 sent via the line D related to CB.
The protection range of the far-end backup protection relays R and R is calculated based on the data of the system extracted from 0 and output to the output circuit 4301E.

Next, the operating procedures according to these embodiments will be explained. FIG. 8 shows an example of a failure in which a failure occurs in the bus 501, the 1st line main protection relay BR520 operates, and the CB512. CB51
3. CB514. This is the complete output of the cutoff signal to the CB515. Therefore, CB513 and CB514 were opened, but CB512 and CB515 were inactive, so
Far-end backup protection relays R530 and RR540 operate,
CB510 and CB517 were opened, respectively.

In this case, the information obtained at the power dispatch center is as follows.

Activated relay = (BR, 520, RR, 530°R [
540) Operated CB = (CB513.CB514°CB510
．． CB517) Failure occurrence section = (section 570) For the operated relay, any of the maintenance section calculations 4301 to n is operation 1, and the following results are obtained respectively.

Protection area of BR520 = (Section 570) Protection area of RR530 = (Section 5502 Section 570, Section 590) Protection area of RL'1540 = (Section 5501 Section 570
, section 590) The preservation section of RR530 and RR540 is CB513 and CB
514, CB510, and CB517.

Next, the rule calculator makes the following determination.

■CB512 is "malfunctioning". (Rule 2) ■CB
515 is "malfunction". (Rule 2)■BR520
is "normal operation". (Rule 1) ■R, R530 and R
R540 is "normal operation".

(Rule 1) ■CB 513, CB514, CB510 and CB517
is "normal operation". (Rule 1) As described above, determination can be made for each relay and CB.

, 9□Eng. 7-4) RR620゜RR621 which is a back-up protection relay at the far end of the power transmission line
, RR622, RR623, and R625, and the CB11tCB610. CB611°CB612.
CB616. It is CB617. In this case, the power outage sections are (section 650) and (section 660° section 6701 section 68
01 section 690). The fault occurrence section within the latter power outage section is assumed to be section 670 (mother 1601).

Using these input information, first calculate the protection interval of each relay as follows.

Protection range of R, R620 = (section 650) RR, 621
Protection range = (section 650) Protection range of R, R622 =
(Section 6602 Section 670, Section 680° Section 690) Protection range of RR, 623 = (Section 6602 Section 670,
Section 680° Section 690) Protection range of RR 624 = (Section 6609 Section 670, Section 680° Section 690) Next, the rule calculator outputs the following determination.

■MR, 630 is "malfunctioning". (Rule 3) 0M
R631 is "malfunction". (Rule 3) ■BR64
0 is "malfunction". (Rule 3) In addition, the following items can be obtained as possibilities.

(2) RR622, RR623, RR, and 624 are all "malfunctions", and section 650 is a true faulty section. (Rule 6) ■RR622, RR, 623, R, R, 624 are all “
In normal operation, it operates almost simultaneously with R, R, 621, and the true fault section is section 650.

■RFL621 is "malfunctioning", the true failure section is section 3
It is. (Rule 8) Finally, as an implicit judgment, RR, 621jr normal operation.
(Rule 1), the other RRs, 621, R, R622, RR623, and RR624, can potentially have two types: "normal operation" and "malfunction."

Summarizing these, a total of four possibilities of multiple failures, ■, ■, and ■ are output. That is, there are the following four cases.

Case 1: Failures occur independently in section 650 and section 670. In this case, MR,630, MR631 and BR640
is a "malfunction" and the backup protection relay RR620~R,
I shut off the fault with R624.

(Explained by ■, ■, and ■.) Case 2: Failure occurs only in section 650, R, R622~R
All R624 are "malfunctions". In this case, MR6
30 and MR, 631 are "malfunctioning". (This is explained by ■, ■, and ■.) Case 3: The failure occurs only in section 650, and R, R, 621 and RR622 to R624 are in "normal operation" almost simultaneously.
did. In this case, MR630 and MR631 are "malfunctioning". (This is explained by ■, ■, and ■.) Case 4: The failure occurs only in section 670, and R and R621 are
RR620, l'LR, 622~1 (
, R624 was in "normal operation". In this case, BR.

is a "malfunction". (This is explained by ■ and ■.) The above is an example of the operation.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, the calculation of the protection range of each relay and the calculation of the relays and CBs that adapt to each rule can be processed in parallel, which has the effect of making it possible to judge the situation of the same speed relays and CBs. .

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the first invention of the present embodiment, since information regarding the operation of the relay condensed at the lower electric station is used, it is possible to determine a failure with a small amount of information.

Furthermore, according to the first invention of the present application, data regarding relays and the system are stored in the storage device of the dispatch center in a very simplified form, so even if the system configuration is changed, the information in the storage device is There is no need to change the equipment or calculation algorithm just by changing the , and it is versatile enough to be compatible with any system configuration.

Furthermore, according to the first invention of the present application, since the information used for determination does not require the operating order of the plurality of relays that have operated, the transmission from the lower-level electric station can be done at intervals of 2 to 5 seconds, and the transmission line There is no need for high quality transmission links or transmission capacity.

Further, according to the first invention of the present application, it is possible to automatically determine a fault section at low cost and with high versatility, so that power supply operations in the power system, especially plans for recovery operations after a system failure, can be made quickly and without errors. This is effective in improving the reliability of power supply.

In addition, from the above explanation, according to the second invention of the present application, since the relay and CB information reduced by the lower VT electric station is used, the amount of information used for determination is small, and the information transmitted from the lower electric station is Every few seconds is sufficient, and it is possible to speed up the determination and prevent an increase in the communication capacity of the transmission circuit and the number of connections.

Furthermore, according to the second invention of the present application, data regarding relays, CBs, and system configurations are stored in the storage device in a simplified form, so that by simply changing the data in the storage device,
It is versatile and can be applied to any system configuration.

Furthermore, according to the second invention of the present application, it can be realized by an inexpensive and versatile method for determining the operating status of relays and CBs, so that it is possible to quickly plan a recovery operation procedure after a system failure without making any mistakes. This is effective in improving the reliability of power supply (Iqo).

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a functional diagram of a lower electric station and a higher power dispatch center according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a failure determination device showing an embodiment of the first invention of the present application, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of the protection range calculator of the illustrated relay. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of fault area determination in the embodiment shown in FIG.
FIG. 6 is an internal configuration diagram of an operating condition determination device showing an embodiment of the second invention of the present application, FIG. 7 is an internal configuration diagram of a protection range computing unit of the relay shown in FIG. 6, and FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of determining the operating status of relays and CBs according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, FIG. 10 is a diagram showing reduction of relay signals, FIG. The figure is a diagram of the protection range of the far-end backup protection relay, Figure 13 is a diagram showing the al prism of the arithmetic unit of the relay protection range, Figure 14 is a diagram of the principle of failure area determination, and Figure 15 is when multiple failures occur. FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a method of classifying power outage sections, and FIGS. 17, 18, and 19 are diagrams showing examples of operation status determination rules. 101...Relay operation signal reduction device, 132,420
...Relay and system data storage device, 133...Failure section determination device, 1331-133n, 4301-43
0n...Relay protection range calculation calculator, 1340.43
2... Protection range selection set calculation calculation circuit, 1341...
Power outage section separation and protection range calculation calculation circuit, 4341-4
34n...Situation determination rule calculator.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A first means for inputting an operating signal of a protective relay installed at each point of the power system, and a signal representing the open/closed state of a circuit breaker installed at each point of the power system. and a storage device in which information regarding each of the protection relays is stored, the information stored in the storage device and the opening/closing information of the circuit breaker being input from the first means. Ru1
a calculation means for calculating a candidate for a failure occurrence section estimated by the operation of each relay inputted by an operation signal caused by a system failure of one or more relays; and a failure of any of the inputted relays. 1. A power system failure detection device, comprising: determination means for determining a device or a system section that is also included in a candidate for an occurrence section as a system failure occurrence section. 2. A first means for inputting an operating signal of a protective relay installed at each point of the power system; and a second means for inputting a signal representing the open/closed state of a circuit breaker installed at each point of the power system. , a storage device in which information regarding each of the protection relays is stored, a failure location input means, and a relay operation signal due to a system failure of one or more relays inputted from the first means; analysis means for analyzing the operation of relays and circuit breakers at each point in the power system based on the failure occurrence point input by the failure occurrence point input means and the information stored in the storage device; A power system failure detection device characterized by: