JPS6052210A - Metalcutting type machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make the machining of metals commenceable automatically, by detecting a machining start position in the axial direction of a spindle in an automated manner without giving it as data. CONSTITUTION:When positioning for a work W is over, an outer spindle 3, an inner spindle 8 and a rotary shaft 24 are all made to go down by a pulse motor 6. If so, the rotary shaft is checked by the work W and contact between a drill 27 and the work W is detected by a contact detector 19 whereby the motor 6 comes into a state of being unenergized. Accordingly, rotation in a drill turning motor 34 is set in motion and thereby the rotary shaft 24 and the drill 27 both rotate, thus drilling is made into possibility.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a new machine tool 12, in particular a machine tool that can move a tool to a workpiece without giving information about the machining start position in the axial direction of the spindle that holds the tool. It is an object of the present invention to provide a new machine tool that can dynamically start machining without any trouble by lowering the machine tool to a contact position without causing any impact.

BACKGROUND TECHNOLOGY AND PROBLEMS There is, for example, an NC drilling machine as a machine tool. Generally speaking, the NC drilling machine must provide at least the coordinates of the X, Y and Z axes of the position to which the drill is to be moved, and the depth of the hole drilled by the drill, as at least information.

The amount of information provided is enormous. Therefore, there is a huge amount of information in Hiromi! It takes a lot of effort. And M, Jk
Two large computers are required for NC control.
-Mau.

Moreover, if the part of the workpiece where the hole should be drilled is not as simple as designed, the first rill may collide with the workpiece while it is being fed, or the hole may be drilled or the holes may not be as easy as designed. There is also the problem that the holes become shallower than they were designed for.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the problems mentioned above, and it is possible to bring a tool into contact with a workpiece without having to provide information about the machining start position in the axial direction of the spindle that holds the tool. It is an object of the present invention to provide a new machine tool that can automatically start adding L without any trouble by lowering the machine tool to a certain position without causing an impact.

In order to achieve the second object of ``Structure of the Invention'', the machine tool of the present invention includes one spindle, another spindle provided outside the spindle so as to be movable along its axial direction, and the above two spindles. To the shock absorber/to which connects the spindle, the above 2
a feeding mechanism capable of applying a force to move a tool provided on one of the two spindles and the other of the two spindles along the axial direction;
a contact detection means for detecting contact when the two spindles are integrally moved toward the workpiece side by the feeding operation of 'l) and come into contact with the tool or the workpiece; and the function of the shock absorber. and a locking mechanism for stopping the positional relationship between the two spindles.

EXAMPLE The machine tool of the present invention will be explained in detail below according to the example shown in 'JA l+f4' lΔ.

The drawing shows the main parts of an NC drilling machine to which the machine tool of the present invention is applied. In one drawing, l is a column6
A guide 2 formed on the column 1 holds the cylindrical outer spindle 3 movably in two axial directions, that is, in a vertical direction. The outer spindle 3 has a rack 4 formed on its outer surface and extending along the l1il+ direction.

Reference numeral 5 is a pinion which is aligned with the rack 4 at t1 and is fixed to a rotating shaft 7 of a lifting pulse motor 6 fixed to the column 1. When the lifting pulse motor 6 is rotated, the spindle space 8 is loosely fitted to the cylindrical spindle 3, t, '+i.
An oil chamber 9 constituting a hydraulic circuit is formed between the two spindles 3.8. 10. ], O is a closed ring that closes both the upper and lower ends of the oil chamber 9, and a flange J1.11 is integrally formed at one end. Attach the screw 1] to the end surface of the outer spindle 3 using a second method or other means) 1! The outer spindle 3 has an inner 11 round shape at both ends.

And the inner spindle 8 has its closing ring 10.1
0 so that the oil chamber 9 is formed between the outer spindle 3 and the outer spindle 3. Reference numeral 12 denotes a ring-shaped partition wall integrally formed on the circumferential surface between the inner spindles, which partitions the oil chamber 9 into two chambers 9a and a royal chamber 9b. A ring 13 that maintains the distance is fitted.

Reference numerals 14a and 14b are oil passage holes formed at both upper and lower ends of the inner spindle 8 so as to penetrate through the interior thereof, and are communicated with the upper chamber 9a and lower chamber 9b of the oil chamber 9. The oil hole 14a, 1
4b has a connector 15a.

The oil pipes 16a and 16b are connected to each other via the oil pipe 15b, and the ends f11) of the oil pipes 16a and 16b on the side opposite to the oil passage hole are connected to the oil flow controller 17. The oil flow controller 17 is connected to an upper chamber 9 of an oil chamber 9 connected via oil pipes 16a and 16b.
Supplying oil at a constant pressure to a and the lower chamber 9b,
It has the function of forming a hydraulic circuit between itself and the lower chambers 9a and 9b, and has a built-in solenoid valve that opens and closes the hydraulic circuit by an electric signal. There is. Reference numeral 18 denotes a coil-shaped return spring, which is connected between the partition wall J2 and the closed X-ring 10 on the 1- side to provide an inner spin to the outer i? It is contracted in a ξ state.

J9 is a contact detector, which includes a contactor 21 mounted on the upper end of the outer circumferential surface of the outer spindle 3 via a mounting piece 20 and a number piece 22 on the outer circumferential surface of the inner spindle 8. The contact sensor 19 is pressed several times through the contact sensor 19 and the contact sensor 23 is placed opposite the contact sensor 21 with its -1 force.
Under normal conditions, the contacts 21 and 23 remain in contact with each other.

When the inner spindle 8 moves northward relative to the outer spindle 3, the contact 21 and the contact 2
3 or so apart.

Reference numeral 24 denotes a rotating shaft, which is rotatably fitted into the inner spindle 8 via a bearing 25 25, and is connected to the tip F; A drill 27 is connected via a tool 26. Further, on the circumferential surface of the portion of the rotating shaft 24 that protrudes upward from the inner spindle 8, there are long gear teeth 28.2 along the + direction.
A gear 29 consisting of 8, . . . is formed. 30
is a transmission gear, which includes an inner gear 31 that externally meshes with the gear 29 of the rotating shaft 24, and an outer gear 32 formed on the outer peripheral surface. The gear 29 and the inner gear 31 are meshed to allow upward movement of the rotating shaft 24. 33 is a transmission gear 30
and a gear 36 fixed to the rotating shaft 35 of the drill rotation motor 34.

A rotation mechanism 37 is configured to rotate the rotation shaft 24 by the transmission gear 30, a timing belt 33, and a drill rotation motor 34, and the rotation mechanism 37 is held by a rotation mechanism holding γ811a provided at the upper end of the collar J11. There is.

Reference numeral 38 denotes a support table that supports an X-direction moving body 39 that moves in the X direction so as to be movable in the X direction, and 40 denotes a workpiece placement table that is supported by the X-direction moving body 39-H so that it can move along the Y direction. A workpiece W is placed on the workpiece placement table 40-1-.

Note that since the mechanism for moving the X-direction moving body 38 and the Y-direction moving body 39 does not include the wood of the present invention, illustration and description thereof will be omitted.

For production The operation of this trade will be explained below.

Outer spindle 3, inner spindle 8 and rotation + ljb 2
4 is in a state fn4 located at the + side limit point, that is, the origin, and the contact detector 19 is in contact with the contacts 21 and 23. Also, oil flow controller 17, oil V1116a, 1
6b and an oil chamber 9 (upper chamber 9a, upper chamber 9b).

In this state, the workpiece j+', ', f platforms 40 are moved in the X and Y directions, and the workpiece W is placed between
, 1L are performed. When the positioning of the workpiece W is finished, i
l Parapulse motor for IIW with 6 rotations and outer spindle:
3. The inner spindle 8 and the rotating shaft 24 are integrally connected to each other.
I am forced to do it. And those are drill 27 or work W
When the shaft 24 and the inner spindle 8 are lowered to a position where they come into contact with each other, the lowering of the shaft 24 and the inner spindle 8 is prevented by the workpiece W, while the outer spindle 3 is further lowered by the pulse motor 6. Then, the contact sensor 19 is separated from either the contact 21 or the contact 23 and becomes in a non-contact state. When contact between the drill 27 and the workpiece W is detected by the contact detector 19 being in a non-contact state like this! The A-Furutagawa pulse motor 6 can be changed from a energized state to a de-energized state. However, even when the lifting pulse motor 6 is in a non-oiled state, its rotation continues to become damp due to its inertia, albeit for a short period of time, and as a matter of course, the outer spindle 3 continues to descend during that time. In this way, even after the drill 27 attached to the rotary shaft 24 rotatably fitted inside the inner spindle 8 comes into contact with the work W, the outer spindle 3 can continue to descend without any trouble for a while. This is done without causing an impact Q'+N because the descending drill 27 contacts the workpiece W and the oil flow controller 17 and the oil 'F? ' This is because it is absorbed by the hydraulic circuit consisting of 16a, 16b and the oil chamber 9. In other words, the diameter of the workpiece W in the X, Y direction is determined by the outer spindle 3.
, the oil flow controller 17 at the stage when the inner spin 1ζ wheel 8 and the rotating shaft 24 are lowered by the lifting pulse motor 6.
The solenoid valve installed inside the valve opens and oil flows through the hydraulic circuit. At that time, when the descending drill 27 collides with the workpiece W, the hydraulic circuit is connected to the oil pipe 16a from the upper chamber 9a of the oil chamber 9. A flow of oil toward the lower chamber 9b is generated through the Q controller 17 and the oil q216b, and the partition wall 12 provided on the inner spindle 8 is moved upward by /7 relative to the outer spindle 3.

In other words, relative positional movement of the inner spindle 8 with respect to the outer spindle 3 is allowed. As a result, the collision caused by the descending drill 27 contacting the workpiece W is absorbed.

Rotation due to inertia of the lifting pulse motor is slow,
After the outer spindle 3 has finished descending, the electromagnetic j? is closed, and at the same time, the drill rotation motor 34 starts rotating, and the rotation shaft 2
4 and the drill 27 are turned ΦI; By the way, when the city magnet 1 is closed, the flow of oil in the hydraulic circuit is changed by +, =; becomes fixed. In this state, the lifting pulse motor 6 rotates, and the outer spindle 3, inner spindle 8, and rotation τ1jll 24 are lowered integrally. Then, the drill 27 performs drilling while descending. The amount of rotation of the lifting pulse black that determines the depth of the hole is controlled by NC control.

When the elevating pulse motor 6 rotates a predetermined amount and a hole of a predetermined depth is drilled, the elevating pulse motor 6 rotates in the reverse direction, and the outer spindle 3, inner spindle 8, and rotating shaft 24 are raised integrally. , and then the drill rotation motor 34 is stopped. Next, oil flow controller 1
The solenoid valve inside 7 is returned to the open state. Then, the hydraulic circuit is in a state where oil can flow, and the return spring 1
The inner spindle 8 is raised by the elastic force of the inner spindle 8, and the position of the inner spindle 8 relative to the outer spindle 3 returns to the same position. And that means that the contact detector 19 is
This can be confirmed by seeing that the insects 21 and 23, which had been intersecting, become ta/1 insects.

J A series of double movements is 8 of the hole that is about to be drilled! / is repeated the same number of times.

According to the NC drilling machine illustrated in this way,
Although it is necessary to provide data specifying the position in the direction and the depth of the hole, the NC hole machine 11 lowers the drill 27 until it contacts the workpiece W, and after the drill 27 has descended to the contact position, drilling begins. Therefore, there is no need to specify by data the position in the two-way direction at which drilling is to be started. Therefore, the amount of data stored on the NC hole board is small, and the effort required to create the data is reduced. In particular, when the surface of the workpiece W where the hole is to be drilled is inclined, it is troublesome to calculate the position in the Z-axis direction at which the four holes should be started. Since the labor required to prepare the hole cannot be jjjlγ, 1°, the labor savings obtained by eliminating the need to specify the position in the Z-axis direction at which to start drilling using data is extremely large. Since the amount of data to be received is small, the amount of information processed by the control computer inside the hole board is small, and a relatively simple and small computer can be used as the control computer.

If the height of the part of the workpiece where the hole should be drilled is not as specified in the conventional NC hole machine that provides data on the position in the two machine directions at which the hole should be drilled, the drill will There is a possibility that it will hit the workpiece during rapid forwarding and cause the hole board to malfunction. In other words, if the actual height of the part of the workpiece where the hole is to be drilled is higher than the preset height, the drill will collide with the workpiece in the rapid traverse state before it becomes a drilled hole. There is a high risk of malfunctions such as chipping.

Even if such a failure did not occur in No. 41, the hole I't would be deeper than the one laid. On the other hand, if the height of the part of the workpiece where the hole should be drilled is lower than what was designed, the hole will be shallower than what someone had designed.

However, in the illustrated NC hole machine, the inner spindle 8 that holds the drill 27 is connected to the outer spindle 3, which is raised and lowered by a pulse cylinder for lowering the shaft 1, through a hydraulic circuit. ,
Even if the drill 27 comes into contact with the workpiece W by being lowered between the outer spindles, the impact caused by this is absorbed by the shock absorber made of the above-mentioned hydraulic circuit. Therefore, there is no possibility that the drill 27 will collide with the workpiece W and cause a breakdown. In addition, the NC drilling machine shown in the figure lowers the drill 27 until it contacts the workpiece W, and then starts drilling after it makes contact, so it is possible to drill a hole to the exact depth set in the drawing. be able to.

Although the illustrated embodiment is an application of the present invention to an NC drilling machine, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

Effects of the Invention As described in Section 2, the machine tool of the present invention comprises one spindle, another spindle provided outside the spindle so as to be movable along its axial direction, and the above two spindles. A coupled shock absorber, a tool provided on one of the two spindles, a feeding mechanism that applies a force to move the other of the two spindles along its axial direction, and the feeding mechanism. contact detection means for detecting the contact when the two spindles are integrally moved toward the workpiece by the feeding operation and come into contact with the tool or the workpiece;・It is characterized by a locking mechanism that fixes the positional relationship between the two. Therefore, when the two spindles are lowered together by the feed mechanism and the tool comes into contact with the workpiece, the tool must be cut! ! The shock absorber absorbs the impact force acting between the spindle and the other spindle. Then, after detecting that the tool has come into contact with the workpiece, the feed mechanism stops the feed operation for the other spindle, and then operates the long mechanism that stops the shock absorber function, thereby causing the gap between the two spindles. Necessary processing can be performed by fixing the positional relationship and operating the feed mechanism again.

Therefore, the machining start position in the axial direction of the spindle can be automatically detected without providing data. Therefore, the amount of data given to the machine tool can be reduced, and the built-in data processing control circuit can be made simple and compact.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 is an example of the implementation of the present invention machine machine.
It is a BII notch perspective view. Explanation of symbols

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) One spindle, another spindle provided outside the spindle so as to be movable along its axial direction, and the above two spindles I! A shaft absorber that connects Ij, a tool provided on one of the two spindles, and a feeder that applies a force to the other of the two spindles to move it along its axial direction. O 5 and the feed operation of the feeder 4111 move the two spindles ``2'' together toward the workpiece side, and the ``3231.'' A contact detection means that detects the contact when it contacts a workpiece, and stops the function of the shock absorber/1) to fix the positional relationship between the two spindles. The J2 ('1 machine) is characterized by a locking mechanism that