JPS6040785A - Wind mill generator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the size and weight while to improve the efficiency of wind mill by employing two set of coaxially arranged conical tubular air ducts thereby increasing the dynamic energy density of wind functioning onto the wind mill. CONSTITUTION:Two set of air ducts 1, 2 are arranged coaxially while a wind mill 3 is arranged in the center of the inner air duct 1. The dynamic pressure of wind to be taken through wide opening of the inner air duct 1 will concentrate as the cross-section decreases, but since the energy is absorbed by the wind mill to reduce the wind speed, the rear-half of the inner air-duct 1 is made approximately constant while the cross-section is increased slightly to maintain balance of passing wind. The wind taken through the inner and outer air ducts 1, 2 is accelerated as the gap decreases to produce air jet, thus to induce the exhaust of wind mill.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Yes. Although it is possible to recover the energy using wind turbine generators, it is not easy to economically improve the power generation. The reason for this is that the effective area of wind that can be used is limited by the diameter of the wind turbine, and conventional wind turbines have become larger. Therefore, it is difficult to increase power generation relative to equipment costs.

Furthermore, due to the influence of air viscosity and other factors, the actual energy that can be recovered may be less than a fraction of the theoretical maximum value of 60%. In addition, in order to compensate for fluctuations in power generation, it is necessary to float the generator with a storage battery and supply stable power to the electrical load by charging and discharging the generator. The utilization efficiency of the generator is also lowered, but when the generated power exceeds its rating, the output of the wind turbine must be limited while reducing ventilation resistance by rotating the blade body.

The kinetic energy of air with wind speed v1 mass m is given by Tmv2, but the mass of air passing through a unit cross section perpendicular to the wind per unit time is equal to dV if the density id. Therefore, the total kinetic energy for the cross-sectional area A is (dv) V''A =
-! -av'A. In other words, the energy received by the windmill is proportional to A, which is determined by the diameter of the windmill, and is proportional to the cube of the wind speed, V. If we let F represent the wind pressure that acts uniformly on the surface of the fan, the force F having an angle of θ at its center point is directed toward the axis of rotation of the windmill, as shown in Figure 1. Fl perpendicular to the formation cross section and F2 parallel to it
1. These are the forces that act on the wing fuselage regardless of its position, and Fl is the bending moment with the rotation axis as the fulcrum, but when the wing fuselage is supported by the axis. So the hanging stand is offset. On the contrary]·
F is a force that moves the wing body in a parallel direction, and a component F3 in a direction perpendicular to the rotational axis becomes the rotational force of the wind turbine. F
3-F (to) SθSinθ−T F sin 2θ, and there is no rotational force when θ=O, but the rotational force becomes maximum when θ−~. Therefore, by changing θ from 6 to 0, the output of the wind table can be adjusted according to the capacity. However, in reality, the direction of the wind flow due to rotation changes, so this relationship does not hold exactly. A windmill can rotate freely in any direction, but because the wing body is curved toward the wind, the difference in air resistance and the reaction force caused by the flowing air actually causes it to rotate in the opposite direction to F3. It has a nature. This corresponds to lift force, but it is slightly different from an aircraft propeller, in that the lift force of multi-blade wind turbines changes depending on the wind speed, making it unstable and the speed fluctuating widely. A rotating windmill is similar to an electric fan, but it uses force in the exact opposite way.In an electric fan, the blade body, which is forcefully rotated by the electric motor using the electric motor's stator as a lever, is F.
k occurs. On the other hand, a wind turbine has no lever, and the force F3 of the wind rotates the wing body, but since lifting force is used, the rotational force and rotational speed are relatively low. However, F is determined by the difference between the pressure Fl acting before and after the blade body as well as F2, and increasing Pl and decreasing F2 is a method of increasing output and improving wind turbine efficiency.

The present invention aims to improve the low efficiency of conventional wind turbines, and relates to a new wind turbine power generation device that automatically performs output coordination control between the generator and the wind turbine. Wind turbines are used in suitable locations blessed with wind energy, but if wind turbine efficiency can be improved, the range of suitable locations will be relatively expanded.

The feature of the present invention is that the conical cylindrical wind channel is adopted to increase the dynamic energy density of the wind acting on the wind turbine. This corresponds to a condensing lens and a parabolic antenna, both of which have the same relationship in terms of expanding the energy intake area.

Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the present invention, and is an explanatory diagram of a wind turbine power generator showing the arrangement using a simple external sectional view. It may be considered to replace it with a conical cylindrical air duct having a larger area. The two sets of wind ducts FLL+21 are concentrically arranged, and there is a wind turbine (3) in the center of the internal air duct (11).The rotation of the wind turbine is controlled by the generator rotor ( 6)
is transmitted to its stator (the force is fixed to the wind turbine column (8). Therefore, the dynamic pressure of the wind taken in through the wide opening (11) is concentrated on the wind turbine as the cross-sectional area decreases; The wind speed that absorbs energy by the wind turbine decreases, so in order to keep the passing air volume in balance (the latter half of 11 is approximately constant and the cross-sectional area is slightly expanded), the wind taken in from between the inner and outer wind channels is As it decreases, it accelerates and becomes a so-called jet air current, and the purpose of this is to draw out the loss of air from the wind turbine with the suction force that uses air friction like a mist.For this purpose, F2 can be forcibly lowered, but the The flow regulator (9) supported at the rear end of the airway (11) rationally assists this process and also acts to further equalize the slightly twisted air flow.Therefore, the area used for the wind is equal to the internal and external wind. By being separated on the road, it is possible to improve the effective pressure from both the front and rear sides of the wind turbine and improve the efficiency of the wind turbine.Compared to conventional general wind turbines, the diameter of the wind turbine is smaller and the weight is lighter.
Mechanical loss can be reduced, and the weight can be reduced relative to the mechanical strength required to withstand typhoons and the like. In other words, wind turbines that require rotating parts can be made lighter by improving wind turbine efficiency, but the unreduced wind usage area can be compensated for by wind ducts, and by taking advantage of the non-rotating nature of wind ducts, it is also possible to reduce their weight at the same time. I have to. This is aimed at economical wind turbine power generation that reduces equipment costs without sacrificing overall reliability. The capacity of the generator must be determined by the reference wind speed, and the wind turbine efficiency is selected to maximize in this case. Originally, it is desirable to use a constant standard wind speed, but in order to avoid overloading the generator if this standard wind speed is exceeded, the wind turbine output must be limited. Since wind as an energy source is cost-independent, some of the recovered energy is discarded by changing the inclination angle of the wing body, and in this case there is no harm in sacrificing wind turbine efficiency, which is the so-called Pi.

This corresponds to preliminary control. The charging current of the storage battery is determined by the differential voltage between the battery and the generator, but the differential voltage is generally small and the generator voltage must be maintained within this differential voltage range regardless of fluctuations in wind speed. Since it is not allowed to exceed the rated current of the generator, pitch control is actually performed to keep the rated current constant at all times. The storage battery can be charged rapidly with the rated current, but only when the wind speed is above the standard wind speed; charging is not possible at wind speeds where the generator voltage is below the storage battery voltage, and discharge to the generator must be prevented. . Therefore, in reality, the storage battery reverts to being charged intermittently as the wind speed changes. However, the storage battery only compensates for fluctuations in power generation through charging and discharging, and the entire power of the electrical load is supplied from the generator. In order to avoid overcharging of the storage battery, when a coulometer is inserted and the integrated charge/discharge value becomes less than zero, that is, when it exceeds 100% charge, it is necessary to lower the regulated current value of the generator to the self-discharge current.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram specifically describing the cross-sectional structure of the wind turbine in FIG. 2 and the pitch control method.

In other words, the elongated rotating cylinder uO is airtightly connected to the bearings QDO3&
It is supported by being inscribed in the stationary cylinder α3. (The other end of IO is equipped with a plurality of wing bodies αe, etc. between it and the outer ring qG supported by support arm u4, and the whole can rotate freely around the center line of uU. is fixed in the wind duct,
A cylindrical rotating shaft (lη) is attached to I3 in the front half of the wind channel near the wind intake. With the ventilation force of
This is to ensure that the windmill always points in the direction of the wind. The rotational force of ke'θ is a value obtained by multiplying the distance from the axis of 071 at the wind turbine 1 by a component force proportional to the deviation angle between the wind direction and the wind direction of the ventilation force. On the other hand, the rotating shaft of the generator has a bevel gear +4) 15+
There is a counter-rotational force that tries to change the direction of the windmill through the , and this force is proportional to the distance from the rotation axis to the l1g center of the gear. By providing a significant difference between the two types of distances described above, the influence of the counter-rotational force exerted in the direction of the wind turbine can be significantly reduced. The blade fan rotation axis U → is supported by the outer ring bending, and the other end is gathered perpendicularly to one end of +l (J) in a radial manner, and the movable body in 00 (19 deviation There is a lot of rotation in the area.

This is pitch control, and the movable body 09 is re-pressurized by the pressure body holder inside 03, but it rotates relatively, so <
A rolling sphere CI) (c) is inserted between 19 and the wire. Furthermore, the electric motor (c) fixed in (13) deflects the applied force through the reducer Q4. By choosing the surface area as such, the rotational force acting on 113 due to wind pressure can be canceled out, so the influence of this on the cam mechanism is eliminated. This prevents an increase in the pressurizing force required on the cam mechanism. The purpose is to rotate the rotation axis (
1& is supported at both ends, but it has the property of being subjected to tension due to the centrifugal force of the outer ring AV, and by maintaining an appropriate tension, the weight can be reduced while utilizing the rigidity of the outer ring θQ.3. This point is equivalent to reducing the weight of bicycle wheels.

Since the energy density of the wind is originally low, the wind pressure actually applied to the wing fuselage is relatively low.However, by supporting both ends of the wing fuselage, which is different from the conventional cantilever structure, it is possible to reduce the weight of the wing fuselage, making it easier to pressurize the cam mechanism. It has the effect of reducing Figure 5 shows a structure in which these features are combined to reduce the diameters of the rotating cylinder IO as well as the stationary cylinder α4 to reduce the obstruction of ventilation in the air passage (11). Yes.Rotation axis uB
is maintained at the optimum position by the force of the insert spring, but when the movable body θ9 is pushed down in Fig. 5, the lever attached to μa, for example, is rotated and deflected, which corresponds to pitch control. be. Its rotation range is approximately 135° or less,
It will never be surpassed. The unreasonable force exerted on the Isagi car protected by the wind path is automatically removed by the B and C control, but the wind path (2) is blocked by the force of the spring that closes with the intermediate work. However, in the event of an emergency where the internal pressure increases abnormally due to a typhoon, etc., it can be opened jointly, automatically avoiding an unreasonable increase in ventilation force.

Just as solar thermal power generation requires a large usable area, the opening area of the wind duct also becomes large, but this removes unreasonable external forces, making it relatively easy to reduce the weight of the wind duct.

In short, the features of the present invention are that it makes it possible to reduce the size and weight of wind turbines and improve wind turbine efficiency by making full use of the wind duct without changing the area where the wind can be used. This is an economical wind turbine generator with less energy.

Therefore, it is possible to improve economic efficiency, which is a fundamental flaw in wind turbine power generation, while at the same time simplifying maintenance and improving reliability through automatic pitch control.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 shows a vector diagram of the pressure applied to the blade fan of a wind turbine, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a simple cross-sectional arrangement of the wind turbine generator of the present invention, and Fig. 3 shows the cross-sectional structure of the wind turbine part. FIG. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing the arrangement of the blade fan rotating shafts in a vertical cross section of the rotating cylinder, and FIG. 5 is a developed view replacing this view. (11...Internal wind duct, (2)...
... External wind duct, (3) ... Wind turbine (4) (
51...-Bevel gear, (6)...Rotor of generator, (7)...-Stator of generator, (8)...
・・Windmill support, (9)・・Flow regulator, +HJ・・
... Rotating cylinder, uO@... Bearing, (13...
Stationary cylinder, ulr...-support arm, uO...outer ring,
(IO... wing fan, 07) ・Cylindrical rotation axis, α steep ・Wing fan rotation axis, 09... Movable body, Q (t...
Pressure body, W2...Rolling sphere, (E)...
・Electric motor, 0.4)・Reducer, (2-(Noーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーー １１＠ λ1η

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) Two pairs of conical cylindrical wind ducts (outside and outside) concentrically arranged sharing a center line, a wind turbine fixed in the center of the internal wind duct, a generator that transmits the rotation of the wind turbine through a bevel gear, and a generator. It consists of a cylindrical rotating shaft with a built-in rotating shaft fixed in the front half near the windward side of the windway, and the dynamic energy of the wind, which is extracted from the wide opening area of the internal windway, is concentrated in the windmill. The wind taken in from the inner and outer wind channels is accelerated as the cross-section of the wind turbine narrows, and the airflow is used together with a flow regulator installed at the wind turbine outlet to increase the pressure difference between the front and rear of the wind turbine while utilizing the suction force created by air friction. , and a wind turbine power generation device characterized in that a cylindrical rotation shaft is rotated so that the wind turbine is always directed toward the wind by the ventilation force of the wind duct. (2) A rotating cylinder that is inscribed in an upper cylinder fixed on the center line of the airway and supported via a bearing, a blade tip rotation axis that gathers in a radial shape at the rear end of the rotating cylinder, and A movable body inside a rotating cylinder that rotates the rotating body in one force via a cam mechanism at the end of the rotating shaft, and a stationary cylinder whose rollers contact the rotating movable body through nine spheres and pressurize it. It consists of a pressurizing body, an electric motor fixed in a stationary cylinder, and a speed reducer that exerts deflection on the pressurizing body. In addition to canceling out the rotational force applied to the rotary shaft, the rotary shaft is supported at both ends by an outer ring that connects the tip of the rotary shaft as a circumference, and the tension is maintained while the rotary force of the rotary shaft is This is an output control device for a wind turbine generator, which is characterized in that the output is controlled by an all-electric motor.